MCQ

1- Which of the following best describes the Internet of Things (IoT)?

A) The connection of people through social media platforms.
B) The interconnection of smart devices, from appliances to sensors.
C) The network infrastructure used by internet service providers.
D) The development of virtual reality technologies.

2- Which of the following is a critical requirement for an IoT system?

A) High Performance Processing
B) Secure Data Transmission
C) Energy Efficiency
D) All of the above

3- In the context of IoT, what role do sensors play in an ambient light system?
A) They directly control the brightness of the light.
B) They measure the temperature of the light source.
C) They convert light intensity into electrical signals.
D) They regulate the power supply to the light fixtures.

4- Which of the following best describes the function of actuators in an IoT system?
A) They convert physical energy into electrical impulses.
B) They transmit data wirelessly to sensors.
C) They convert electrical impulses into physical actions or changes.
D) They measure environmental parameters and adjust accordingly.

5- What is the main function of IoT sensors and actuators?

A) Sensors automate tasks and save labor, while actuators collect and analyze data.
B) Sensors record and monitor processes, while actuators automate tasks and save human effort.
C) Sensors and actuators both provide recommendations for process optimization.
D) Actuators collect data and analyze it, while sensors automate tasks in the workplace.

6- Which type of sensor is commonly used in security systems to detect unauthorized activity?
A) Temperature sensor
B) Moisture sensor
C) Motion sensor
D) Light sensor

7- Which type of sensor is primarily used to adjust brightness settings in smartphones and
automated home lighting systems?
A) Temperature sensor
B) Moisture sensor
C) Light sensor
D) Noise sensor

8- In which industries are level sensors most utilized?

A) Automotive and transportation
 B) Beverage, water treatment, and waste management
C) Healthcare and pharmaceuticals
D) Retail and consumer electronics

9- Where are gas sensors primarily installed to detect changes in air quality?
A) Smartphones and wearable devices
B) Smart homes and buildings
C) Manufacturing industries
D) Mining, oil, and gas organizations

10- Which type of actuator harnesses hydraulic power to perform mechanical functions?
A) Pneumatic actuator
B) Hydraulic actuator
C) Electric actuator
D) Magnetic actuator

11- Which type of actuator is powered by vacuum or compressed air at high pressure?
A) Hydraulic actuator
B) Pneumatic actuator
C) Electric actuator
D) Magnetic actuator

12- Which type of actuator converts electrical energy into mechanical motion?
A) Electrical actuator
B) Hydraulic actuator
C) Pneumatic actuator
D) Thermal actuator

13- In which scenario are thermal actuators primarily used?

A) Precision control in industrial settings
B) Automating mechanical operations in factories
C) Response to temperature changes such as shutting off valves
D) Generating rotary motion from hydraulic power

14- What does IoT encompass in terms of technologies?

a) Pervasive computing
b) Sensor technology
c) Embedded system
d) All of the above

15- When was the term "Internet of Things" first promoted?

a) 1980s
b) 1991
c) 1999
d) 2002

16- Which dimension does IoT add to the ICT world according to Figure 1.2?
a) Time
b) Place
 c) Connectivity
d) Thing

17- What technological progression enabled the communication of things over the Internet?
a) Web 2.0
b) Social network apps
c) Embedded systems
d) Machine-to-Machine communication

18- What does the IoT vision encompass in terms of technological advancements?
a) Advancements in network technologies
b) Advancements in smart things technologies
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b

19- What are the fundamental characteristics of IoT as depicted in Figure 1.5?
a) Sensor data collection, storage, processing
b) Connectivity
c) Scalability
d) All of the above

20- What does IoT enable in terms of connectivity?

a) Interconnectivity of physical and virtual things
b) Storage and analytics of sensor data
c) Provisioning of ambient intelligence
d) All of the above

21- How does IoT support intelligent interactions among devices?

a) Through data storage and processing
b) By ensuring device heterogeneity
c) By implementing security measures
d) Through the provision of ambient intelligence

22- What does the term "device heterogeneity" refer to in the context of IoT?
a) Interconnectivity of physical and virtual things
b) Intelligent interactions among devices
c) The interoperability of devices based on different hardware and network platforms
d) Security measures implemented at the network level

23- What aspect of IoT requires implementation at both the network level and end-devices level?
a) Sensor data collection
b) Device heterogeneity
c) Security
d) Scalability

24- What is the primary difference between embedded systems and IoT?
a) Standalone nature vs. Internet connectivity-reliant devices
b) Hardware vs. Software
c) Firmware modifications vs. Continuous updates
 d) Standalone vs. Network integration

25- In M2M communication, what type of communication is predominantly used?

a) Point to point
b) Broadcast
c) Multicast
d) Unicast

26- Which term is preferred by engineering communities over IoT?

a) IoT
b) CPS
c) WSN
d) WoT

27- What is the primary goal of CPS?

a) Continuous updates
b) Real-time control system development
c) Internet connectivity
d) Limited integration options

28- Which technology is considered a subset of IoT?

a) M2M
b) CPS
c) WSN
d) WoT

29- What technology is primarily associated with the concept of Ubiquitous Computing?
a) Miniaturization
b) Portability
c) Integration of diverse devices
d) All of the above

30- What are the general enablers for IoT systems according to Mark Weiser?
- a) Standalone devices
- b) Ubiquitous connectivity
- c) Firmware modifications
- d) Limited device integration

32- What are the main application domains of IoT as described in the provided text?
- a) Healthcare and finance
- b) Education and entertainment
- c) Smart transportation, smart agriculture, and others
- d) Sports and fashion

33- How is a smart home defined and what are its intended benefits, according to the text?
- a) A digitally engineered domestic life with no specific benefits
- b) A digitally engineered domestic life aiming for chaos
- c) A digitally engineered domestic life aiming for comfort, convenience, security, and more
- d) A digitally engineered domestic life aiming for isolation
34- In what ways does IoT technology contribute to improving the quality of human life in
various environments mentioned in the text?
- a) By providing comfort, convenience, security, and energy conservation
- b) By increasing pollution
- c) By causing more traffic congestion
- d) By decreasing the availability of resources

35- What role do intelligent devices with different capabilities play in improving human life in
various capacities, according to the text?
- a) They make life more complicated
- b) They have no role in human life improvement
- c) They improve the standard of human life in different capacities
- d) They increase human dependency on technology

36- How does IoT technology enable smart homes to anticipate and respond to the needs of home
residents?
- a) By ignoring residents' needs
- b) By randomly changing settings
- c) By using smart technologies to predict and fulfill residents' needs
- d) By causing malfunctions in home appliances

37- What are some of the potential benefits of integrating smart electronic home appliances,
furniture, power outlets, and meters into modern homes?
- a) Increased manual labor
- b) Decreased convenience
- c) Enhanced control over home functionalities
- d) Higher energy consumption

38- How does the use of smart grids contribute to controlling various aspects of home
functionality, such as lightning, air quality, heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC),
security, and energy?
- a) By creating chaos in home functionalities
- b) By increasing energy consumption
-c) By providing better control and management of home functionalities
- d) By decreasing security measures

39- What is one of the major concerns addressed in the usage of innovative approaches based on
ICT in healthcare, as highlighted in the text?
- a) Proactive wellness and disease prevention
- b) Treatment of acute illnesses
- c) Promotion of unhealthy lifestyles
- d) Excessive reliance on traditional medical methods

40- What are the main components of the Ubiquitous Health Care System (UHCS), mentioned as
an example of IoT systems?
- a) Medical staff, patients, and equipment
- b) Biomedical sensors, local server, and medical server
- c) Hospitals, clinics , and government health organizations
 - d) Internet routers, smartphones, and laptops

41- What are some of the challenges associated with the realization of the Ubiquitous Health Care
System (UHCS) framework, as outlined in the text?
- a) Impact on human behavior, cost-effectiveness, and communication issues
- b) Availability of medical professionals, equipment maintenance, and data security
- c) Government regulations, patient confidentiality, and ethical considerations
- d) Marketing strategies, competition with traditional healthcare, and workforce management

42- What technology is IoT particularly suitable for in the context of smart cities and mobility,
according to the text?
- a) Smart agriculture
- b) Smart manufacturing
- c) Smart transportation
- d) Smart healthcare

43- What does IoT enable in smart transportation systems, as described in the text?
- a) Avoidance of traffic congestion
- b) Reduction of carbon footprints
- c) Detection of illegal parking
- d) All of the above

45- What are the three categories of IoT-based Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
applications mentioned in the text?
- a) Safety, finance, and healthcare
- b) Safety, traffic monitoring/management, and infotainment
- c) Safety, agriculture, and hospitality
- d) Safety, education, and energy conservation

46- What is one of the primary purposes of the IoT-based smart car parking system mentioned in
the text?
- a) Maximizing dispute resolution among drivers
- b) Reducing time spent searching for parking spaces
- c) Increasing the number of available parking spaces
- d) Enhancing vehicle performance and fuel efficiency

47- Which of the following sensors is NOT mentioned as a component of the car parking system
architecture described in the text?
- a) Camera
- b) Ultrasonic Sensor
- c) Radar Sensor
- d) Infrared Sensor

48- What is the function of the Car Parking Processing Unit (CPPU) mentioned in the text?
- a) Authentication of vehicle information using RFID technology
- b) Storing obtained sensor information from the parking area
- c) Displaying parking status information on a screen
- d) Providing real-time updates about available parking spaces to clients
49- What is the primary goal of a smart city paradigm?
- a) To increase the complexity of city administration
- b) To reduce the quality of public services
- c) To raise the cost of providing city services
- d) To manage public resources and services while improving citizens' quality of life

50- What is the primary focus of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)?

- a) Monitoring of household appliances
- b) Monitoring of industrial plants and machinery
- c) Tracking of personal devices
- d) Monitoring of agricultural equipment

51- What type of security algorithms are preferred for remotely deployed unattended IoT devices
due to hardware limitations?
- a) Computationally expensive algorithms
- b) Memory-efficient algorithms
- c) Tamper-resistant algorithms
- d) None of the above

52- Why are robust communication protocol stacks and dynamic security patches difficult to
implement on IoT devices?
- a) Due to hardware limitations
- b) Due to software limitations
- c) Due to communication limitations
- d) Due to memory constraints

53- Which of the following is NOT a communication limitation affecting IoT security?
- a) Device heterogeneity
- b) Scalability issues
- c) Presence of multiple communication interfaces/protocols
- d) High computing power

54- What type of constraints are associated with IoT sensing devices at the hardware level?
- a) Energy and computing limitations
- b) Robust communication protocols
- c) Dynamic security patches
- d) None of the above

55- Which of the following is an example of a threat against IoT?

- a) Botnet attack to hack IoT devices
- b) SQL injection attacks
- c) Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack on Dyn Servers
- d) All of the above

56- Which type of threat involves accessing private data/resources in IoT systems?
- a) Threats against IoT
- b) Threats from IoT
- c) Buffer overflow attacks
- d) Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks
57- Which of the following is NOT an example of a threat against IoT?
- a) SQL injection attacks
- b) IP camera hacking through buffer overflow attacks
- c) Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack on Dyn Servers
- d) Privacy risk from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

58- When is remote authentication and remote control required in IoT systems?
- a) When performing data analytics on Edge devices or Fog nodes
- b) During pairing of smart things with a concerned controller device
- c) When the controller is connected to smart things through the Internet
- d) During local control of smart things through commands from a controller

59- Where are big data analytics typically performed in IoT systems?
- a) On Edge devices or Fog nodes
- b) On Cloud
- c) On smart things
- d) On the controller

60- With the increased utilization of low-cost IoT devices, societies become:
- a) Less connected
- b) More susceptible to cyber-attacks
- c) Less susceptible to cyber-attacks
- d) More secure

61- As societies become more connected with IoT, they also become:
- a) More secure
- b) Less vulnerable to cyber-attacks
- c) More susceptible to cyber-attacks
- d) Less connected

62- The implementation of security mechanisms in IoT systems is:

- a) Similar to conventional wired and wireless networks
- b) More challenging than in conventional networks
- c) Less challenging than in conventional networks
- d) Not necessary for IoT systems

63- Which of the following is NOT listed as a fundamental component of IoT ecosystems?
a) Smart things
b) Coordinator
c) IoT protocol
d) IoT applications

64- In the IoT ecosystem, what component is responsible for storing, processing, and managing
massive amounts of data for analysis?
a) IoT Smart Things
b) IoT Gateway
 c) Networking Infrastructure
d) IoT Cloud

65- What is the main responsibility of IoT Smart Things in the IoT ecosystem?
a) Management of associated multiple smart devices
b) Collection of sensor data and its transmission
c) Preprocessing and transmission of data to the Cloud
d) Storage and processing of massive amounts of data

66- What is the role of a Coordinator in the IoT ecosystem?

a) Managing multiple smart devices
b) Preprocessing sensor data at the edge
c) Enabling connectivity between devices and Cloud
d) Storing and managing data for analysis

67- Which component of the IoT ecosystem enable the connectivity of smart things to the Internet
Protocol (IP)-based network infrastructure?
a) IoT protocol
b) IoT Cloud
c) Coordinator
d) Networking Infrastructure

68- What does comprehensive IoT security includes?

a) User interface security only
b) Physical device security, data security, network security, and Cloud security
c) Encryption of mobile applications only
d) Secure coding practices for developers

69- What does "binding" refer to in the context of IoT systems?

a) Securing communication between devices
b) Configuration of a smart thing through a controller
c) Data encryption process
d) Uploading data to the cloud

70- How many fundamental components of IoT ecosystem.

a) 3
b) 5
c) 7
d) 9