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DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, ENUGU CAMPUS

BIC 222 (METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES AND LIPIDS)

SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION
October 16,2019. Time: 3 hours.

INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all the questions.
2. Begin each question on a separate Answer Booklet.
3. Write your Examination number and formal Registration Number on the front page, and
on every sheet of your Answer Booklets.DO NOT WRITE YOUR NAME FOR ANY REASON
4. Any acts of Examination Malpractice will attract stiff penalty. Be Warned!

1.(a) Outline the energy yielding reaction steps of the TCA cycle and hence determine the
energetics (energy yield) of the pathway.
(b). Write shot notes on:
i. Diabetes mellitus
ii.Von Gierke's disease

2.(a) Outline the reactions of the oxidative phase of the Hexose Monphosphate Shunt
pathway. List the major functions of the pathway.
(b) Write briefly but concisely on pyruvate dehydrogenase in carbohydrate metabolism.
(c) Describe the reactions that constitute activation step in glycogensynthesis.

3. (a).Briefly describe the formation and transport/utilization of chylomicrons.(b). In a

tabular form, state the differences between β-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis.
(c) Write briefly and concisely on lipid absorption in the GIT.Mention any two
(2) disorders that may occur in the process.

4. (a) Outline the major types of fatty liver disease. Write a short note on any two (2) of
the factors.
(b) Discuss the adipocyte synthesis of triacylglycerol, stating clearly, the metabolic
pre-conditions for the process.
(c) Write a short note on ketone body utilization in mammalian tissues.

5. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Protein digestion in the stomach
(b) Lactose intolerance
(c)Galactosemia
(d) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
 DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, ENUGU CAMPUS

BIC 222 AND BIC 232 (FORMALLY BIC 203, METABOLISM OF BIOMOLECULES)
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION
October 16, 2019. Time: 3 hours.

BehaueuCy
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all the questions.
2. Begin each question on a separate Answer Booklet.
3. Write your Examination number and formal Registration Number on the front page, and on
every sheet of your Answer Booklets.DO NOT WRITE YOUR NAME FOR ANY REASON
4. Any acts of Examination Malpractice will attract stiff penalty. Be Warned!

1. (a)Outline the irreversible reaction steps of glycolysis and describe how they are bypassed in
gluconeogenesis.
(b) Describe the process of glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis).

2. (a) i. Discuss the transport of activated long chain fatty acids to the site of β-oxidation.
Vii. Briefly outline the clinical consequences of enzyme deficiencies orany abnormality in the process
above. State how the condition can be managed.
(b). How is cholesterol synthesis regulated.

3. (a) i. Describe the process of transamination, highlighting the role of vitamin B6 in the process.
ii. Discuss the mitochondrial phase of the reactions of urea synthesis (urea cycle). What is the major
metabolic role of urea cyle.
(b) Write short notes on: i. Serotonin
ii. Catecholamines
iii. Histamine

4. Write brief notes on:

i. Synthesis and usefulness of PRPP (5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate) in,nucleotide metabolism.
ii. The relevance of folic acid analogs in cancer chemotherapy
iii. Okazaki fragments
iv.Gout.

5. (a) Explain the characteristics of the genetic code.

(b). Write briefly and concisely on reverse trancriptase.
c. Briefly discuss the process of protein synthesis (initiation and elongation only). Make a list of the non-
sense (termination) codons.
 DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA,ENUGU CAMPUS
BIC 203 EXAMINATION 2017/2018 SESSION Time allowed: 3hrs
Date: August 31,2018 CyPr1a1Behavion
INSTRUCTIONS:
0703292
070
1. Answer all the questions
2. Begin each question on a separate sheet of your Answer Booklet.
3.Write your Examination No. and formal Registration No. on the front page,and on Every Sheet of your Answer
Booklet.
DO NOT WRITE YOUR NAME FOR ANY REASON
4. Any acts of Examination Malpractice will attract stiff penalty

la i.Write brief notes on regulation of glycolysis, fructosuria, and Von Gierk's disease
ket
ii. Differentiate between hexokinase and glucokinase. ac
iii. Individual with favism may present with black/dark urine;why? guyco

2a. i. Briefly discuss the first 4 (four) reactions involved in the degradation of lysine. -
ii. Mention the first 2 (two) enzymes involved in tryptophan degradation, and 3 (three) enzymes in 8
liver cytosol involved in urea biosynthesis. auia

iii.Discuss the process of amino nitrogen transfer from muscle to liver mitochondria.
iv.State the nutritionally essential amino acids. liuoliee Cinoknerc
b.i. Using simple biochemical equations (only) show how alanine,aspartate and glutamate are synthesized by
transamination reaction(s). ii. Write short note on melanin.

3a i. What are Okazaki fragments? Provide a written and schematic description of the process used to join
Okazaki fragments in prokaryotic replication.
ii.What is genetic code?
iii. Comment on the termination process of prokaryotic transcription.
b.i What is gout? Write short note on regulation of purine nucleotide synthesis.
ii. Comment on salvage pathway.T

4a. i.What are lipoproteins? Discuss the general structure and classification of lipoproteins.
ii. Discuss briefly the role of carnitine in β-oxidation of fatty acids.
iii. What is fatty liver? Mention the causes of fatty liver.
b. i. Briefly outline the stages of bile synthesis ii. Discuss the importance of essential fatty acids to health
iii. Write short notes on Niemann-Pick disease and Gaucher's disease Pheng aamin

5a.i.What is lactose intolerance?

ii. Describe fully the occurrence and digestive role of the following: renin,a-amylase,trypsin,and HCI
b.i Outline the steps in fatty acid synthesis. and mention how it is regulated.r
ii. List the ketone bodies. end briefly describe how they are formed.
c.i. Outline the procedures involved in the construction of genomic library. =
ii. Describe the ways in which a recombinant DNA can be introduced into a host organism
Plaswa Portetal

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Cypriam BEHAViOUIZ DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
07032927408
FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA,ENUGU CAMPUS

Time allowed:3hrs BIC 203 EXAMINATION 2016/2017 SESSION

Date:July 27,2017
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Answer all the questions
2. Begin each question on a separate sheet of your Answer Booklet.
3. Write your Examination No. and formal Registration No. on the front page, and on Every Sheet of your Answer
Booklet.
DO NOT WRITE YOUR NAME FOR ANY REASON
4. Any acts of Examination Malpractice will attract stiff penalty

f.a. Briefly distinguish between gluconeogenesis and glycogenoysis.

BDescribe fully the reaction pathway by which glycerol is utilized in gluconeogenesis.c. Briefly explain why NADH yields 3
ATP while FADH2 yields 2 ATP in the electron

transport chain (ETC). (Details of ETC reactions not required).

d. Write briefly on Von Gierke's disease and give a note on the increased dependence on fat metabolism.

2.a. Write brief notes on the following:

ii. The activation stage of a named long-chain fatty acid.

iii. Hormonal and non-hormonal regulation of fatty acid synthesis.
Vb.i. Write short notes on i. Gaucher's disease ii. Niemann-Pick disease.
iii.Give five causes of fatty liver disease.

3.a.i. Discuss the three (3) major transamination reactions.

ii. Briefly outline the role of glutamate in amino acid metabolism.✓
b.Give the reaction (s) for the synthesis of the following non-essential amino acids.
1.Alanine ii. Glutaminé iii. Asparagine iv. Serine

4a. Write short notes on RNA synthesis in prokaryotes.

b. Describe the purine salvage pathways and give its biochemical significance.
Outline the reaction of the committed step in the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides listing the ist(②activators and
inhibitors of this reaction.
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5a.Outline the accessory organs involved in digestion and describe the action of one.
b.Distinguish between passive diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
c. Briefly explain the term autodigestion and the role of pancreatic trypsin inhibitor.

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DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE C
UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, ENUGU CAMPUS

BIC 203 EXAMINATION 2015/2016 SESSION Date: September 2,2016

Time allowed: 3hrs

INSTRUCTIONS: 09032927408Cyprccm
1. Answer all the questions Belaviour
2. Begin each question on a separate sheet of your Answer Booklet.
3. Write your Examination No. and formal Registration No. on the front page, and on Every Sheet of your Answer
Booklet.
DO NOT WRITE YOUR NAME FOR ANY REASON
4. Any acts of Examination Malpractice will attract stiff penalty
Jla Write brief notes on
i) Phosphofructokinase (PFK) 1 7 SeHde
ii) Aldolase B.
iii) Lactic acidosis
Feoseposophsctas
C
Jiv) Metabolic role of gluconeogenesis
b. Briefly describe the regulation of glycogen synthesis and degradation.
2a) Briefly discuss the in-born errors associated with metabolism of phenylalanine.
Vb.Describe the energy requiring reactions of the urea cycle and briefly explain the regulation of this cycle,Briefly discuss the synthesis
of the following compounds from their specific amino acid precursors
iii) Creatine Senie
ii) Serotonin instidie prowucluc,hocogeustue
N 으 2C)i) fot
cysteiu
tsta
3a) Write brief notes on the following
l1)son
i) Citrate shuttle and its usefulness
iii)Creufwre
ii) Utilization of the ketone bodies by the extrahepatic tissues
b) Explain briefly the abnormal biochemical process associated with the following
ii) Acetyl CoA carboxylase and carnitine acyl transferase 1
i) Niemann-Pick disease
ii) Gaucher's disease mtocicei
4a)Write briefly on qlucose o phosplatase to cet Pilymerss
i) The importance of PRPP in nucleotide metabolism
ii) Yon Gierke's disease and hyperuricemia Swe
b)Write brief notes on puispuatase
i) The termination phase of transcription 105
ii) DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I
서

Sai)What is genetic code? Fu

ii) Briefly explain how genetic code is linked to amino acids
b) Briefy describe the following 고-
i) Mechanism of lipid absorption T..1-Tyr

ii) Protein digestion at the brush border uospwofiucto la い

iii) Lactose intolerance
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