Click to edit Master title style

Communication

1
Click to
What is communication?
edit Master title style
• (generally) the exchange of thoughts, ideas,
concepts, and views between or among two or more
people, various contexts come into play
• Context – the circumstance or environment in which
communication takes place
• may include the physical or actual setting, the value positions
of a speaker/listener, and the relevance or the appropriateness
of the message conveyed
• Focuses on certain communication processes and even
groupings of people that constitute a communication situation
• different contexts can impact one’s communication
• it is essential to pay attention to the interplay of
factors surrounding the context of communication
which may be physical, cultural, social, and
psychological in nature

2
https://www.liquidplanner.com/blog/3-tips-for-effective-communication-on-remote-teams/ 2
Click to edit Master title style

Types of Communication
According to Mode

3
3
Click to– edit
Verbal Non-verbal
Master title
Communication
style

• effective communication calls for the blending of

these 2-one cannot be separated from the other
• the initial meeting when you speak during the first few
minutes is significant as it leaves a lasting impression
on your listeners
• show interest in meeting these people by acknowledging
their presence through an amiable, congenial disposition,
and a smiling face
• use non-verbal code through a handshake, an approving
facial expression, and a kind disposition or characters

https://www.atlassian.com/blog/teamwork/how-to-navigate-diverse-communication-styles-at-work
4
https://www.alamy.com/negative-gestures-finger-language-non-verbal-communication-image434809065.html 4
Click toCommunication
Visual edit Master title style
• uses visuals to convey information and/or messages
like: signs, symbols, imagery, maps, graphs, charts,
diagrams, pictograms, photos, drawings or
illustrations, even various forms of electronic
communication (emojis, emoticons, and animation) to
convey the writer’s emotions to clarify the intent of the
message sender
• achieved through digital mode or text—has now
become pervasive in communication
• Interpretation of these symbols is very crucial in visual
communication
• IMPORTANT: the receiver of the message is able to
decode the meaning correctly by contextualizing the
information received
https://www.trybugle.com/blog/visual-communication-tips-to-create-effective-training-videos 5
http://artistic-yanni.blogspot.com/2014/03/communicating-with-images-in-art-and.html
What
Click makes
to editvisual communication
Master title style even more advantageous?

• it makes use technology that provides apps

9applications), videos, and images that rely less on the
printed word making presentations more interesting
• leaves a powerful effect on the audience and
prospective clients
• IMPORTANT
• speaker/presenter should be mindful of the content of their
presentation – wrong and irrelevant info may lead to
miscommunication or communication breakdown thereby
defeating the very purpose for the use of visuals
• pay attention to graphic elements like: position, color, size,
shape, and orientation
• audience size

https://familybusinessperformance.com/what-not-to-do-give-in-to-family-history-of-miscommunication/ 6
6
https://www.nutritioncommunicator.com/post/2019/01/18/would-you-like-to-conquer-miscommunication
Click to edit Master title style

Types of Communication
According to Context

7
7
Click to edit
Context in Communication
Master title style

• a composite of people interacting with each

other
• Classification
• Intrapersonal
• Interpersonal
• Extended
• Organizational
• Intercultural

8
8
Click to edit Master
Intrapersonal Communication
title style
• Latin prefix intra- means within or inside
• means talking to oneself
• other terms: self or inner talk, inner
monologue, inner dialogue
• Psychologists call it self-verbalization or
self-statement
• Is it normal to talk to yourself? Some say it is,
others say it’s not. GAUGE: frequency of the
occurrence and how you handle such
• You talk to yourself because you think there is
a need to:
• boost your confidence when you are nervous to
speak in front of an audience
• appraise yourself that you performed a good
job
• console yourself that you did a task poorly
• engaging in inner speech like fantasizing or
daydreaming is not bad as long as you are
able to distinguish it from reality
• self-talk can be advantageous as it can enable
you to practice what you ought to say in times
when you lack the motivation and confidence
to speak
• “I can do it!” – one magic statement one can try
saying over and over again as a positive
reinforcement that you can do things
courageously and that it is not impossible to do
so
• IMPORTANT – as you introspect you are able
to improve on your decisions in life and
likewise enhance your self-worth as a person
9
9
Click to edit Master
Interpersonal Communication
title style
• Latin prefix inter- means between, among, and • transaction occurs in dyads and small groups
together (group communication)
• interactive exchange takes place as • if the objective is to achieve something at the
interpersonal communication takes place end of the conversation it becomes
TRANSACTIONAL
• transaction does not take place in simple
interactions such as greetings, getting to know • it is characterized by formal and profound
a person, or ordinary conversations that
• aims to accomplish or resolve something at the
happen between and among interactants
end of the conversation
• a communication situation is
INTERPERSONAL if it is meant to establish or
deepen one’s relationship with others
• it is characterized by less seriousness and
formality
• meant for maintaining social relationships

10
10
Click to edit
Extended Communication
Master title style
• involves the use of electronic media
• expanded to include tele, audio, or phone
conferencing; video conferencing; skype calls • IMPORTANT: you weigh what you hear and
or facetime calls; and other technological assess them against those beliefs that you
means hold on to so you do not get easily swayed by
• public in nature other people’s convictions
• speakers are expected to be prepared when
they speak, making their language more
formal
• messages are transmitted quickly and may be
viewed by a great number of people
• with this, one’s thinking, behavior, and attitude
may be influenced by other people one may be
persuaded to take the views one hears

11
11
Click to edit Master
Organizational Communication
title style
• organization is consist of individuals who work
for a company
• each organization has expectations that you
as a professional should meet or you as the
owner may establish
• should have a system of communication in
place—a set of rules or standards for
communication protocol should be made clear
so that interaction patterns are established
• Individuals should be equipped with the
needed oral and written communication skills
that the organization expects you to possess
• 2 Types of Organizational Structure
• Formal Structure
• allows communication to take place via
designated channels of message flow between
positions in the organization
• may make use of 4 Approaches
1. Downward Communication – flows from upper to lower
positions usually to perform certain tasks; also called
top-down
2. Upward Communication – when subordinates send
communication to their superiors/bosses bearing their
views/feedback on organizational policies, issues
related to their jobs and the like
3. Horizontal Communication – lateral in approach as it
takes place among people belonging to the same level;
from different departments or units to facilitate
performance of tasks through proper coordination; and
4. Crosswise Communication – diagonal in nature as
employees from different units or departments working
at various levels communicate with each other
• Informal
• unofficial channels of message flow
• known as grapevine messages coming from the
different levels of the organization are transmitted
• occurs due to dissatisfaction of some employees
accompanied by uncertainty such as superiors
playing favorites and unfavorable or unacceptable
company rules and regulations
12
12
Click to edit Master
Organizational Communication
title style continued…
• ‘organizational culture’ – culture in each organization
“Company based on its history and development—its core
cultures are values, vision and mission statements, goals, and
objectives
like country • organizational culture is of utmost significance as it
cultures. will dictate the kind of behavior that employees should
possess as well as the extent of commitment
Never try to expected from them by the organization
change one. • employees all share in the values, practices, vision,
and mission of the organization
Try instead, to • Peter Drucker’s famous quote underscores the view
work with what that indeed culture is within the control of the
entrepreneur or company owner
you’ve got.”
13
13
Peter Drucker
 Click to edit Master
Intercultural Communication
title style

s ider in of h Indians
n a
o
ns c ortant f a
• communication between or among people having no o nds fro interpre
m
s
li a
tra s imp ity o different linguistic, religious, ethnic, social, and hello r go awa side to t waving
u
A ct a incer ns, amo y
professional backgrounds ng W while it side as
o nta the s India e este m
c
eye essing ile for into th rner eans
• even gender difference affects communication s.
ass son wh raight while .
per ing st person priate • individuals having different orientations communicate
look s of a inappro and interpret messages differently—particularly
eye ing is or p For F
talk happens in non-verbal communication to r uckerin ilipinos,
• it is important not to be judgmental or to rush into som efer to g of lip twitch
i
othe eone. somet s mean ng
F
interpretations as cultures sometimes vary enormously take r cultu or peo hing or s
“sed n to m res, th ple fro
• with the advent of World Englishes, different cultures ucti e is m m
on”. an as ay b
develop different lexicon peculiar only to the speech e
community

Philippine English has introduced lexical innovation not found or used in other varieties such
as: batchmates, CR(comfort room), solons, barangay captain, and high blood even in terms of
pronunciation esp. words with a hard /th/ is pronounced as /d/ as the former is not part of the
Filipino phonology. 14
14
Click to edit Master title style

Types of Communication
According to Purpose
and Style

15
15
Click to edit Master title style
• focus is on the communication setting and the mode of delivery
• formal communication employs formal language delivered orally or in written form
• lectures, public talks/speeches, research and project proposals, reports, and
business letters
• NOTE: while lectures and speeches are delivered orally, the texts have been thought
out carefully and written well before they are delivered
• main objectives: (1) to inform; (2) to entertain; and (3) to persuade
• informal communication involves personal and ordinary conversations with friends,
family members, or acquaintances about anything under the sun
• mode may be oral as in face-to-face, ordinary or everyday talks and phone calls, or
written as in the case of email messages, personal notes, letters, or text messages
• purpose is simply to socialize and enhance relationships

16
16
Click to edit Master title style

17