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9
Science
Quarter 4, Wk 1 - Module 1
The Horizontal and Vertical Motions of a Projectile

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Science- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4, Wk 1 - Module 1: The Horizontal and Vertical Motions of a
Projectile
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy AngeloL. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Joan Patrick Nacalaban and Jumari S, Sapio
Reviewers: Fe Nijaga, Janice Corpus, Jeremy Sacon, Richard Talaid, Nancy B.
Pelare
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Jumari S. Sapio and Chris T. Sagarino
Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Nimfa R. Lago,PhD, CESE

AssistantSchools Division Superintendent

Members Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief

Ann Q. Solijon, EPS-Science
Sherlita L. Daguisonan, LRMS Manager
Meriam S. Otarra, PDO II
Charlotte D. Quidlat, Librarian II
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph
 9
Science
Quarter 4, Wk.1 - Module 1
The Horizontal and Vertical Motions of a
Projectile

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, school heads, Education Program Supervisor in Science
of the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City. We encourage
teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education-Iligan City
Division at iligan.city@deped.gov.ph@ deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About......................................................................................i

What I Need to Know...............................................................................................i
How to Learn from this Module...............................................................................ii
Icons of this Module................................................................................................ii

What I Know............................................................................................................iii

Lesson 1:
Projectile Motion ………………………………………………………………...………. 1
What’s In …………………………………………………………………. 1
What I Need to Know ………………………………………….………... 1
What’s New …………………………………………………...………... 2
What Is It ………………………………………………...……………..... 3
What’s More.......................................................................................5
What Is It............................................................................................6
What I Can Do...................................................................................7

Lesson 2:
The Horizontal and Vertical Motions of a Projectile................................................8
What’s In............................................................................................8
What I Need to Know.........................................................................8
What’s New........................................................................................9
What Is It..........................................................................................10
What’s More.....................................................................................12
What I Have Learned ……………………………………………….…. 14
What I Can Do.................................................................................16

Summary ………………………………………………………………….……………. 18
Assessment: (Post-Test) ……………………………………………………………. 19
Key to Answers................................................................................................... 21
References........................................................................................................... 22
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About
In this module, you will learn the definition of projectile different from projectile
motion. You will also learn on how to describe the horizontal and vertical motions of
a projectile. And lastly, you can be able to explain horizontal and vertical motions of
a projectile. Activities are here inside for you. So start your engine! For we are about
to explore these following lesson
1. Projectile Motion
2. The Horizontal and Vertical Motions of a Projectile.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Describe the horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile.
Code: S9FE-IVa-34

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
i
to you
 What is It These are discussions of the activities as a
way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

What I Know ii

Multiple Choice:Encircle the letter of the BEST ANSWER from the given options.

1. Which of the following composed the two linear motions of a projectile?

A. Horizontal and Circular Motion C. Horizontal and Vertical Motion
B. Vertical and Circular Motion D. Vertical and Curvilinear Motion
2. What is referred to as an object that is acted solely upon by gravitational force?
A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory

3. What do you call the path followed by an object under projectile motion?
A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory

4. How do you describe the trajectory of a projectile?

A. Circular B. Elliptical C. Hyperbola D. Parabola

5. What force keeps an object from reaching the ground?

A. Frictional Force C. Gravitational Force
B. Magnetic Force D. Tension Force

6. If you throw a baseball straight up, what is its vertical velocity at the highest point?
A. 0 m/s B. 9.8 m/s C. 0 m/s 2 D. -9.8 m/s2

7. What is the acceleration of a baseball as it returns to the ground?

 A. 0 m/s B. 9.8 m/s C. 0 m/s 2 D. -9.8 m/s2

8. What happens to the vertical velocity of an object as it travels through the air?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B.Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

9. What happens to the horizontal velocity of an object as it travels through the air?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B.Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

10. If a stone is horizontally launched at a certain height, what will be the vertical
velocity as it reaches the ground?
A. Cannot be determined C. Gradually increasing
B.Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

iii
 Lesson

1 Projectile Motion

What’s In

From your previous academic years, you’ve learned that the three laws of
motion (Law of Inertia, Law of Acceleration, and Law of Interaction) govern on
moving objects traveling in either two of the straight lines: the horizontal and vertical
motions.
For this lesson, you will learn the definition of projectile motion and the terms
that involves in it. Furthermore we will learn that projectile motion consist of two
motions.

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to identify the properties of
projectile and projectile motion.

Specifically, you will be able to:

1. Define what a projectile and projectile motion is.

1
 What’s New

Which of the three situations is/are more likely to happen in real-life? Explain
your answer below.

Figure 1.1: Ball thrown by a man at the cliff

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

In addition, supposed you were able to slow down the time and have seen
how a sepak takraw player kicked the rattan ball.

Figure 1.2: Sepak takraw player kicking the rattan ball

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

What will be your observation as you look into the motion of the ball at a slow
pace time? Is it situation A or situation B.? What do you think would be the
explanation?

2
 What Is It

Type 1: Horizontally Launched Projectiles

Consider the figure below.

Figure 1.3: A man diving into the water

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

In Figure 1.3, the motion of the man as it dive into the water is moving along a
curved path downwards due to a natural force called gravitational force or gravity.
Gravity is the natural force that causes objects to fall toward the earth. Hence, the
acceleration due to gravity is always directed downwards. With this the motion of the
man undergoes projectile motion.

Projectile motion is a form of motion where an object moves in a curved

path. The object that is thrown or projected and exhibits project ile motion is called
projectile. The curve-like path undertake by a projectile is called trajectory.

3
Type 2: Angle-Launched Projectiles

Consider the situation below.

Figure 1.4: A sepak takraw player kicking a rattan ball over the net

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

What is the projectile in Figure 1.4? If you think that the rattan ball is the
projectile then you are right! How do you describe its trajectory? The rattan ball is
travelling on a curved path. In mathematical terms, what do you call this pattern?Try
to rearrange the letters inside the bubbles for you to get the answer.

Figure 1.5: Scrambled bubble letters

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

`
If you get the term parabola, then you were right! An angled-launched
projectile exhibits a full parabolic trajectory motion. This shows that as the player
kicked the rattan ball in the air, the ball will eventually go back to the ground still due
to gravity as it moves horizontally. Hence projectile motion consist of horizontal and
vertical motion working independently.

4
 What’s More

Activity 1.1: Sketch Me Quick

Situation 1: Free Kick!

Sam was given a free kick. Illustrate the trajectory of the ball in order for Sam
to get a goal. Explain below how you came up with that trajectory.

Figure 1.5: Free kick scenario in soccer.

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

Situation 2: Throwing of Garbage

Mat wants to throw his garbage inside the trash bin. Help him shoot his
garbage right at the trash can by illustrating the trajectory. Explain below how you
ended up with that trajectory.

Figure 1.6: Throwing of garbage into a trash bin.

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

5
 What I Have Learned

Activity 1.2: Quiz Time!

I. Identify if the following illustrations are projectile or not. Put a (/) mark if it’s a
projectile and (X) mark if it’s not inside the boxes.

Figure 1.7: Check-boxed illustrations

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

II. Inside the box are lists of sports/games. Tell whether it exhibits projectile
motion or not. Write your answers on the designated column.

A VOLLEYBALL A MOTORBIKE A FLIGHT OF A CAR RACING SMASHING OF

BEING SERVED TAKING OFF ON A SOCCER BALL SHUTTLE COCK
RAMP

100m DASH A BASEBALLHIT BY DRAGON BOAT SLICE SERVING OF SHORT COURSE

A BAT PADDLING RACE THE PING PONG SWIMMING
BALL

PROJECTILE MOTION NON-PROJECTILE MOTION

e.g A VOLLEY BALL BEING SERVED CAR RACING

6
What I Can Do

Activity 1.3: World of Sports!

Accomplish the table below by listing another five different sports equipment
that can be considered as a projectile.

Sports Projectile Way in Achieving

Projectile Motion
Example:
Long Jump (Athletics) Athlete Jumping from one point to
his/her longest reach.

Discus Throw Discus Throwing the discus

through the air.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

7
 Lesson The Horizontal and Vertical
2 Motion of a Projectile

What’s In

In your previous lesson you already know the basic characteristics of a

projectile motion. Projectile motionis a form of motion where an object (projectile)
moves in a curved path (trajectory).You have also found out that the motion of a
projectile consist of two motions working independently the horizontal motion (motion
along x) and the vertical motion (motion along y).

For this lesson, we will explain the horizontal and vertical motions of a
projectile. Since the motions are independent to each other, we will discuss them
separately.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson you will be able to understand the vertical and
horizontal motions of a projectile.

Specifically you will be able to:

1. Identify the horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile.
2. Explain horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile.

8
 What’s New

Consider the rider as it takes offfrom the cliff and the golf ball as it flies into
the air and returns back to the ground.

Figure 2.1: (top) rider taking off from a cliff; (bottom) A golf ball flies into the
air and returns back to the ground

Situation A

Situation B

Guide Questions: Try to answer the following

Illustrated by: Jumariquestions
Sapio and explain the possible
reasons in each item.
1. What do you think is the projectile in situation A?In situation B?
2. What happens to the motion of the rider as it takes off from the cliff?
3. What happens to the vertical motion of the golf ball as it rises in the air (it
increases, it decreases)
4. When the golf ball reaches the maximum height does it momentarily stop or
not?
5. When the golf ball returns to the ground the vertical velocity will (increase,
decrease)

9
 What Is It

Type I: Horizontally Launched Projectiles

Suppose you roll a marble on a frictionless table, observe the motion of the
marble as it goes down the floor.

Figure 2.2: Motion diagram of a marble falling from the table

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

From Figure 2.2 the motion of the marble is gradually increasing from points A
to D. Due to the presence of gravity accelerating at 9.8 m/s 2this cause the vertical
velocity (Vy)to increase which makes it not constant.

For the horizontal velocity (Vx), there is no external force acting along the
horizontal motion which means acceleration does not exist (a x = 0), resulting to a
constant horizontal velocity (Vx)

Hence from Figure 2.1, when the rider takes off from the cliff its motion is
increasing due to the presence of gravity which accelerates the rider’s vertical
velocity at 9.8 m/s interval.

10
Type II: Angle-Launched Projectiles
 From the illustration below, discuss the motion of the baseball as it was hit by
a bat.

Figure 2.3: Motion diagram of a baseball as it was hit by a bat

Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

For angle-launched projectile, horizontal velocity (Vx) is still constant while the
vertical velocity can be describe in three parts. From Figure 2.3, it is observed that
as the projectile rises (point A to B) the vertical velocity (Vy) is decreasing, this
is because the direction of gravity is opposite to the projectile motion. As the
projectile reaches the maximum height (point B) it momentarily stops causing a
vertical velocity equal to zero (Vy = 0). When it returns back to the ground (point
B to C) it agrees to the direction of gravitational force hence vertical velocity is
increasing.

So, in Figure 2.1 the vertical velocity of the baseball as it rises to the air
decreases due to the opposing direction of gravity towards its motion. When the
baseball reaches the maximum height it momentarily stops causing the vertical
velocity to be zero. When it reaches the ground its vertical velocity increases since
the direction of the baseball’s motion is the same with gravity.

11

What’s More
Activity 2.1: Modified True or False!

Write TRUE in the space provided if the statement is correct and if it is false,
change the underlined word or phrase to make the statement correct

1. As the projectile reaches its highest peak, the vertical velocity continuously
increases.

2. When an object is horizontally launched its motion gradually increases.

3. In an angle-launched projectile the vertical velocity remains constant.

4. As the projectile reaches the maximum height it momentarily stops.

5. The horizontal acceleration (ax) of a projectile is equal to 9.8 m/s2

6. The horizontal velocity in horizontally launched projectile is constant.

7. In angle-launched projectile, as the projectile rises its vertical velocity

decreases

8. The acceleration due to gravity is equal to zero.

9. As a projectile reaches to the ground its vertical velocity decreases.

10. There is an external force acting on the horizontal motion of a projectile.

12
 What I Have Learned

Activity 2.2: Complete the Diagram

From the set of quantities involved in projectile motion (height, range,

vertical velocity, horizontal velocity, angle), complete the diagram showing the
two types of projectile launched by writing on the numbers the correct quantity.
Figure 2.3: Motion diagrams of the types of projectile motion

13

Activity 2.3: Quiz Time! Illustrated by: Jumari Sapio

I. True or False: Write TRUE in the space provided if the statement is correct and
write FALSE if the statement is incorrect. In a separate paper attached your
explanation why the statement is true or false in this page. (3 points each).

_______ 1.The horizontal velocity (Vx) in horizontally launched projectiles is

always constant.
_______ 2.In angle-launched projectile, the vertical velocity (Vy) decreases as it
rises (it – refers to the projectile).
_______ 3. In angle-launched projectile, it momentarily stops at its maximum
height.
_______ 4. The vertical velocity (Vy) as the projectile goes down decreases in
angle-launched projectiles.

II. Fill in the table below if the quantities are present in either horizontal or vertical
motion.

Quantity Horizontal Motion Vertical Motion

Forces
(Is it Present? – Yes or No, if No Yes, downward
present, in what direction?)

Acceleration (2 point each)

(Is it Present? – Yes or No, if
present, in what direction?)

Velocity (1 point each)

Is it changing or constant?

14

What I Can Do
Activity 2.4: Draw Time!

The Scenario
It was morning of January 21, 2020, you heard a gunshot at a distant. You
went outside and found out that the neighbor’s rooster was dead with a gunshot
wound. Immediately the barangay police together with the crime investigators looked
into the case. They gathered some information that would help to solve the case.

As a witness your job is to help investigators pinpoint the location at which the
shots originated from by illustrating the scene. The details in the incident is stated
below.

Crime Scene Notes:

The bullet entered the rooster’s body has been matched to a .45 caliber pistol.
This gun releases bullets with an exit velocity 260 m/s. the bullet entered the rooster
at an angle of 12 degrees from the horizontal.

These are the following suspects in the neighborhood who are registered
owners of .45 caliber pistol:

Arthur Abellardo
He has a record of noise violations for loud parties he frequently holds at his
residence 2.54 kilometers away from the crime scene.

Carlos Sarial
He has no criminal record and residing 2.8 kilometers away from the crime
scene.

Ramon Ricorda
Ramon has a record that includes possession of prohibited drugs. He served
time in prison and released after the completion of sentence. He is currently residing
3.05 kilometers away from the crime scene.

The rooster was lying on the ground when it was shot. The fence is 1.73 m
above the ground where the rooster was in place.

Note: Focus only in making the illustration/sketch. Calculating and solving the
case is not required. Rubrics can be found below.

Disclaimer: The characters, places, incidents in the scenario are created

through the authors mind. Any resemblance to actual persons living or dead or
actual event are pure coincidental. 15
Rubrics for Activity 2.4:

Criteria Excellent Satisfactory Developing Beginning

(4) (3) (2) (1)
Art Skill Perform skills, Perform skills, Perform skills, Does not
and/or express and/or and/or perform skills,
creativity at a express express and/or
high level. creativity at a creativity at a express
proficient basic level. creativity at a
level. an appropriate
level.
Approach to Clear and Appropriate Begins in a Begins but fail
the situation Concise method is reasonable to complete
given organized used to way, but does
method illustrate the not finish
situation important
parts of the
situation
Explanation Demonstrates Explanation is Explanation is Explanation is
thinking with a clear and basic and unclear and
clear and correct incomplete erroneous
elaborate
explanation
Organization The idea is The idea is The idea Lack of idea to
of thought very clear well thought shows some the situation
jumbled parts

This activity is a task for you to look into a problem or issue related to
projectile motion. How did you find the activity? How did the activity help you see the
real world use of the topic?

Congratulations my dear learner, you have completed this module. You may
now proceed to the next module. Keep up the good work!
 16
Summary

 Projectile motion is composed of both horizontal and vertical motion.

 A projectile is an object that is acted solely upon by a gravitational force.
 A trajectory is a path followed by an object under projectile motion.
 The path of an object under projectile motion behaves like a parabola.
 Because of the gravity, it causes an object to travel in a parabolic arc.
 As the object moves up, the magnitude of the vertical velocity (Vy) is gradually
decreasing, thus it shows that the object is slowing down and has a vertical
velocity of 0 m/s at its maximum height.
 As the object moves down, the vertical velocity (Vy) is gradually increasing,
thus it shows that the object is speeding up which is influenced by a force due
to gravity and has an acceleration of -9.8 m/s2 (means 9.8 m/s2 downward).
 In terms of horizontal component of a projectile motion, it shows that the
horizontal velocity has the same magnitude. Thus, the initial and final
horizontal velocities are equal (Vox = Vx) which leads to a horizontal
acceleration of 0 m/s2.
 An object projected horizontally will fall down at the same rate as one that is
dropped vertically, thus both of the object will hit the ground at the same time.
 In horizontally launched projectile, the velocity along y-component (Vy) are
gradually increasing due to the acceleration due to gravity. While its velocity
along its x-component is constant since there is no force acting on it and its
moving in accordance to the Law of Inertia.
 In angled-launched projectile velocity in x-component is still not changing
since no force is acting on it, it moves continuously due to inertia. While its y-
component, velocity along y-component is gradually decreasing as it
approaches to its maximum height. As it reaches maximum height its velocity
along y-component turns to 0 m/s. And as the projectile goes down due it
gradually gains velocity along y-component.

 In a gravity free situation a projectile will move at a straight line due to the
consequence of inertia.
 Assessment: (Post-Test)
17

Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the BEST ANSWER from the given options.
1. What force keeps an object from reaching the ground?
A. Frictional Force C. Gravitational Force
B. Magnetic Force D. Tension Force

2. How do you describe the trajectory of a projectile?

A. Circular B. Elliptical C. Hyperbola D. Parabola

3. Which of the following composed the two linear motions of a projectile.

A. Horizontal and Circular Motion C. Horizontal and Vertical Motion
B. Vertical and Circular Motion D. Vertical and Curvilinear Motion

4. What is referred to as an object that is acted solely upon by gravitational

force?
A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory

5. What do you call the path followed by an object under projectile motion?
A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory

6. What happens to the vertical velocity of an object as it travels through the air?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B.Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

7. What happens to the horizontal velocity of an object as it travels through the

air?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B.Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

8. If you throw a baseball straight up, what is its vertical velocity at the highest
point?
A. 0 m/s B. 9.8 m/s C. 0 m/s 2 D. -9.8 m/s2

9. If a stone is horizontally launched at a certain height, what will be the vertical

velocity as it reaches the ground?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B. Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same
 10. What is the acceleration of a baseball as it returns to the ground?
A. 0 m/s B. 9.8 m/s C. 0 m/s 2 D. -9.8 m/s2

Instruction:

Read and understand the concept of the topic : Projection Motion

(Horizontal and Vertical)

In a whole sheet of paper, answer the following:

What I have learned

What’s More (page 12- Modified True or False)
Post-Test