Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes

CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

NISHANT KUMAR
21113104
M5

Ans 1(a) Given data-

n1= 1/100 = 0.01
n2 = -1/200 = -0.005
Deviation angle, N = n1 – n2 = 0.01 – (-0.05) = 0.015

V = 80 Kmph
SSD = 120 m
So, ISD = 2*SSD = 2*120 = 240 m
Requirement for SSD
Assuming L> SSD
2 2
L = N S = 0.015∗120
4.4 4.4
= 49 m (<SSD)
So ,L<SSD
4.4
L = 2 S−
N
4.4
= 2∗120−
0.015
= - 53.33 m (Not acceptable)

Since ISD is to be provided.

Requirement for ISD
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

If L>ISD
2 2
L = N S = 0.015∗240 = 90 m ( <ISD)
9.6 9.6
So, L<ISD
9.6
L =2 S−
N
9.6
= 2∗240−
0.015
= -160 m (Not acceptable)

Here, both assumptions are giving us the wrong outcomes.

According to the IRC code, a minimum vertical curve length of 15
to 60 meters must be given for design speeds of 35 to 100 kmph.
For V = 80 km/hr, length of vertical curve according to IRC Code
is 50m.
Position of the highest point on the summit curve:
L∗n 1
At a distance(x) = = 50 * 0.01/0.015
N
= 33.33 m
2
RL of highest point = RL at start of the curve + N x
2L

2
0.015∗33.33
= 100 +
( 2∗50 )

= 100.16663 m

Ans 1(b) Given data –

n1 = 1/100 = 0.01
n2 = 1/30 = 0.033
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

Here a lower gradient meets a higher upward gradient, it is a

valley curve.
V = 65 Kmph
SSD = 90 m
OSD = 350 m

For SSD
For comfort condition,
L = 2*(N*V3 /C)0.5, where C= 0.6 m/s3
= 2*[(0.023x65x65x65x5x5x5)/(0.6x18x18x18)]0.5
= 30.04 m

For minimum SSD,

H1 = The height of head light = 0.75m
α =beam angle = 1°
Assuming L > SSD:
L = (NS^2) / (2(H1 + S × tanα))
= 0.023x90x90/2(0.75+90*tan1)
= 40.1343 m
As calculated value < SSD . So, our assumption is wrong.

Now, Assuming L < SSD:

L = 2S - 2(H1+s*tan∝)/N
= 2x90 – 2(0.75+90xtan1)/0.023
= -19.28 m (Not acceptable)
So, the length of vertical curve will be according to the comfort
condition i.e., 30.04 m
length of vertical curve is 30.04 m.

Ans 2
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

b) Soil

Property Description Test Method

Particle size Determines Sieve Analysis
distribution the
percentage of
sand, slit
and clay in
soil.
Moisture Measures the Oven-Drying Method and Calcium Carbide Me
Content amount of
water present
in soil
Density Measures the Sand Cone Method and Core cutter method.
density of
soil or
weight per
unit volume
of the soil.
Permeability Determines Constant Head permeability test and Falli
the ability permeability test.
of soil to
allow the
flow of water
through it.
Compaction Measures the Proctor Compaction Test and California
ability of ratio test.
soil to be
compacted and
resist
deformation
Organic Determines Walkley-Black Method and Loss on I
Matter the amount of Method.
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

Content organic
matter in
soil
pH Measures the pH meter and Soil test kit
acidity or
alkalinity of
soil.
Shear Measures the Direct Shear test and Triaxial compressio
Strength ability of
soil to
resist
deformation
and failure.

c) Stone Aggregates

Property Description Test Method

Particle size Determines the Sieve Analysis and Grading Test
distribution percentages of
varied sizes of
stone aggregates
Moisture Content Measures the amount Oven-drying method
of water in stone
aggregates
Density Measures the weight Bulk specific gravity and absor
of stone aggregates
per unit volume
Abrasion Measures the Los Angeles abrasion test
resistance resistance of stone
aggregates to wear
and tear
Crushing strength Measures the Aggregate crushing value test
ability of
aggregates to
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

withstand crushing
forces
Flakiness and Determines shape Flakiness index and elongation
elongation and size of stone
aggregates
Soundness Measures ability of Sodium sulphate soundness test
stone aggregates to
resist
disintegration due
to weathering
Alkali-Silica Determines the Accelerated mortar bar test a
Reactivity potential of stone C1293 test
aggregates to react
with alkalis and
cause expansion and
cracking

Ans 3(a)
Blows Moisture
content
20 50
27 40
34 25
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

Semi log graph

60

50
f(x) = − 1.78571428571429 x + 86.5476190476191
R² = 0.986842105263158
Moisture content

40

30

20

10

0
10 100
Number of blows ( log scale )

Equation of the best fit line –

Y = -1.7857x +86.548
Corresponding to 25 number of blows –
Y = 41.9
So the liquid limit of the soil, LL = 42 %
Given, plastic limit of the soil, PL = 22 %
So, Plasticity Index , PI = LL-PL = 42 – 22 = 20 %

From the Plasticity index vs LL curve, the soil is clayey.

Ans 3(b)
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

Penetratio Load
n (mm) (Kg)
0.5 5
1 8
1.5 16
2 28
2.5 45
3 79
4 110
5 125
7.5 140
10 145
12.5 150
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

The curve has a initial concavity so a tangent has been drawn at

the steepest point of the curve which cuts the penetration axis at
2 mm.
From the corrected origin corresponding load values of 2.5 mm
penetration and 5 mm penetration are 128 and 139 kg respectively.

CBR value (at 2.5 mm ) = ( 1370

128
)∗100 = 9.34 %
CBR value (at 5 mm ) = (
2055 )
139
∗100 = 6.76 %

Higher value is taken as the final CBR value.

So, CBR of the soil = 9.34 %
 Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering

Ans 3(c) Given, weight of container = 5307 g

Volume of mould = 1000 cc
Moisture Weight of Weight of Wet Dry density
Content container + soil , soil , gm density , g/cc
gm g/cc
6 7772 2465 2.465 2.325471698
8 7861 2554 2.554 2.364814815
10 7828 2521 2.521 2.291818182

2.38

2.36

2.34
Dry density g/cc

2.32

2.3

2.28

2.26

2.24
5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5
Moisture content

From the graph,

Optimum moisture content (OMC) = 7.9%
Maximum dry density (MDD) = 2.387 g/cc
Assignment: Geometric Design and materials and mixes
CEN: 210 Highway Engineering