Domains and Kingdoms of the

Living World
 -Bacteria-like -These are organisms
organisms but live in with cells that contain
-”true bacteria” extreme environments. a nucleus as well as
membrane-bound
Ex.
organelles.
Ex. Bacteria,  Thermophiles- heat
lovers
cyanobacteria  Halophiles- salt Ex. Plantae, Animalia,
and spirochetes. lover Protists and Fungi
 Methanogens- kingdoms.
methane lover
 1960’s: 5-Kingdom System

Prokaryotic organisms( prokaryotes)

- Lack of a true nucleus, cytoskeleton and internal membranes
Ex. Monerana

Eukaryotic organisms (eukaryotes)

-their nuclei and organelles are enclosed by membranes and they contain cytoskeletons.
Ex. Protista, fungi, plantae and animalia
The Six Kingdoms of Organisms
Eubacteria
- live in most habitats
 Cell walls made of
peptidoglycan

 Method of Nutrition:
absorb food, synthetic
and chemosynthetic,
symbionts

 Ex: Bacteria,
cyanobacteria.
Spirochetes.
Archaea
thermophiles
 bacteria live in
extreme
environments
 Cell walls not made
of peptidoglycan
Method of Nutrition:
Chemotrophic- rely on
Methanogens
the chemicals in their
environment

Halophiles
Protista
 Eukaryotic (has a nucleus)
 Some have cell walls of cellulose
 Some have chloroplasts
 Most are unicellular; some are
multicellular or colonial
 Lacks complex organ systems
 Lives in moist environments

Method of Nutrition:
Can be autotrophs or
heterotrophs (some can be fungus-
like)

Ex. Protozoans, algae

Fungi
 Eukaryotes
 Cell walls with chitin
 Heterotrophs
 Most multicellular; some
unicellular
 Ex: molds, mushrooms, yeast
Method of Nutrition:
 Parasitic-Absorbs nutrients from
living organism
 Saprophytic- absorb nutrients from
dead organisms
 Predatory- kill other organisms for
food
 Symbiotic- live in close relationship
with other organism
Plantae
 Eukaryotes
 Cell walls of cellulose
 Multicellular
 Photosynthetic contains
chloroplasts
 Cannot move
 Tissues and organ systems
Method of Nutrition:
- Photosynthesize
food(autotrophic)

Ex: mosses, ferns, trees,

Animalia
 Eukaryotes
 Do not have a cell wall or
chloroplasts
 Multicellular
 Ex: sponges, worms, insects,
fish, mammals (nurse
young)

Method of Nutrition:
Ingest food (heterotrophic)
Common Animal Phyla
Forms of LIFE
 Forms of LIFE

1. CELLULAR LIFE FORMS

• enclosed by cellular membranes
• they carry genetic information in the form of nucleic acids.
• their enzymes contains enzymes and coenzymes.
• use energy un the form of ATP to perform their function

2. ACELLULAR LIFE FORMS (non- cellular)

• infectious particles which often exist as parasites
• need to infect living cells in order to reproduce
• they cause harm or even kill their host cell

Ex. Viruses, viroids, prions

 Viruses- are Submicroscopic particles with sizes
infectious agents ranging from 5 to 300 nanometer

made up of nucleic
Human diseases are caused by
acid viruses.
(DNA or RNA) that
are enclosed with a
protein coat called
capsid.

Polio Virus

Small pox virus

aids
 Infect only plant tissues causing crop
damages.
Viroids
or infectious RNA
particles with size Can only reproduce inside the host.
even smaller than
viruses
 Made up only of proteins without any
nucleic acid.
Prions
-are the simplest
Identified as the main cause of
form of acellular several brain diseases in animals
infectious
particles.

Mad cow diseases

Scarpie diseases
Kuru diseases