MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS 4. Bandage Scissors: 7.

Deaver:
- Lister bandage scissors are used for
1. Scalpel handle: dressings, drapes.
- used to firmly hold the surgical blade in order - the blunt tip of the scissor helps to lift the
to puncture or cut the tissues bandage from the skin safely for easy
dressing and safe bandage removal.
- handheld retractor commonly used to hold
back the abdominal wall during abdominal
or thoracic procedures.
- used to move or hold organs away from
the surgical site.

2. Scalpel:
- a bladed surgical instrument used to make cuts
into the body. 5. Army Navy Retractor: 8. Gut Basin:
- used to expose surface layers of skin and - it is used to hold the OS.
also most often used in orthopedic
surgeries.

3. Towel clamp/clip: 9. Richardson Retractor:

- used to secure the drapes to the patient and
ancillary equipment to the drapes to achieve a
sterile field.
- tips are curved to improve visibility and allow
the handles to lie flat on the patient.
6. Bladder retractor:
- urological surgical instruments used for
exposing surgical sites by retracting
bladder tissue, skin, and muscles.
- used for cystectomy and prostate
enucleation to tumor removal.
- used to expose, retract, or push tissues,
organs, muscles, and bones during
surgeries.
- used in various surgical procedures,
including gynecological, urological, and
abdominal surgeries.
10. Kelly Forceps (Straight):
- used during surgery to compress the
artery, clamp and seal small to medium
size blood vessels or hold the artery out of
the way.
11. Kelly Forceps (Curve):
- used during surgery to compress the
artery, clamp and seal small to medium
size blood vessels or hold the artery out of
the way.
12. Metzembaum “metz”:
- use in performing blunt dissections and
cutting delicate and fine tissues.
- Surgeons use these dissecting scissors for
incising the deep rib bed periosteal layer.
15. Allis:
- used to hold and grip tissues and are often
known as Allis Clamps.
- have finger-ring grips, sharp edges, and a
ratcheted handle.
- used to snatch fascia and ligaments,
13. Mayo Scissors (Straight): including the breast and bowel tissues.
- to cut thick tissues such as those found in
the uterus, muscles, breast, and foot.
16. Tissue Forceps:
- manipulate tissues.
14. Babcock:
- support tissues while making incisions, and
- Is a finger ring, ratcheted, non-perforating
suturing. retract tissues to improve
forceps used to grasp delicate tissue.
exposure.
- frequently used with intestinal and
laparotomy procedures.
17. Thumb Forceps:
- used with thumb and forefinger's
compression.
- suitable for grasping, holding, and
manipulating body tissues.
- used for holding, grasping, and
manipulating body tissues.
20. Weitlaner Retractor:
18. Needle Holder:
- used to hold a suturing needle during
surgical procedures.
19. Ovum Forceps: 21. Debakey Forceps:
- to properly remove pieces of placenta or - holding and manipulating delicate tissues,
products of conception from the uterus to especially in cardiovascular procedures.
prevent infection.
- flat blades are serrated and hollow to
firmly grasp the tissue to be removed.
22. Mixters Forceps:
- used to clamp blood vessels, control
- used to hold soft tissues apart during bleeding, and manipulate tissues during
surgical procedures to give the surgeon surgery.
access to the site.
PRINCIPLES OF ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE TYPES OF ANESTHESIA 10 GOLDEN RULES DURING DRUG ADMINISTRATION
1. Right Patient
1. Only sterile items are used within sterile field. 1. Regional
2. Right Medication
2. Sterile persons are gowned and gloved. 2. Local
3. Right Dosage
3. Tables are sterile only at the table level. 3. General
4. Right Route
4. Sterile persons touch only sterile items/areas.
TYPES OF SURGERY ACC. TO: 5. Right Time
Unsterile persons touch only unsterile
1. Risk 6. Right Documentation
items/areas.
2. Purpose 7. Right Client Education
5. Sterile persons avoid leaning over unsterile
8. Right to refuse
areas. LAYERS OF TISSUE
9. Right Assessment
Unsterile persons avoid reaching over sterile 1. Skin
10. Right Evaluation
field. 2. Subcutaneous
6. Edges of anything that encloses sterile content 3. Fascia
are considered unsterile. 4. Muscle
7. Unsterile persons avoid sterile areas. 5. Peritoneum
8. Sterile field is created as close as possible to
the time of use. PARTS OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
9. Sterile areas are continuously kept in view. 1. Tips
10. Sterile persons keep within sterile area. 2. Jaws
11. Sterile persons keep contact with sterile areas 3. Box lock pin
to a minimum. 4. Box lock
12. Microorganisms must be kept to irreducible 5. Shank
minimum. 6. Ratchet
13. Destruction of integrity of microbial barriers 7. Ring holder
result to contamination.
PHASES OF SURGERY
1. Preoperative Phase
2. Intraoperative Phase
3. Post-operative Phase