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FORENSIC MEDICINE
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer for each of the following question. Mark only one answer for each
item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO
ERASURE ALLOWED.

1. In the examination of physical injury, it must include the size, shape, nature of the edges, extremities and
other characteristic marks.
A. character of wound B. profile of wound
C. class of wound D. type of wound
2. This is important in the case of cut-throat, and it is __________ in case of homicide while it is oblique in
case of suicide.
A. generally horizontal B. generally traverse
C. generally diagonal D. generally vertical
3. In __________, on account of the struggle which took place before death, the clothing of the victim is in a
disorderly fashion.
A. all of these B. suicidal death
C. homicidal death D. accidental death
4. It may be determined from the physical color changes of the skin, although it is not reliable.
A. volume of blood stain B. age of blood stain
C. size of blood stain D. color of blood stain
5. Where there are several wounds presents on the body of the victim, it is important to determine, because it
might be necessary for the qualification of the offense committed.
A. which wound is fatal C. which wound is serious
B. which wound is non-fatal D. which inflicted first
6. It is a condition of a female who has not experienced sexual intercourse, and whose organs have not been
altered by carnal connection.
A. moral virginity C. virtuous female
B. physical virginity D. virginity
7. The composition of the wall of vagina is smooth muscle and __________.
A. prominent rugosities B. fibro elastic tissue
C. lubricating secretion D. labia minora and majora
8. As a general rule, and a guide in the conduct of medico-legal examination, these are the characteristics of
the vaginal canal of a virgin, EXCEPT.
A. tight B. sharp
C. prominent D. lax
9. In the examination of victim of sexual assault, the medico-legal expert is giving it too much attention in the
in the determination of virginity.
A. hymen B. vaginal canal
C. fourchette D. labias
10. It is the laceration or rupture of the hymen as a result of sexual intercourse.
A. laceration B. distention
C. sexual intercourse D. defloration
11. It is a position in which the thighs are hyperflexed, predisposes to deep penetration of male sex organs.
A. doral decubitus B. genital disproportion
C. uterine retroversion D. post-menopause
12. Almost simultaneous death of both partners during sexual intercourse may be due to the performance of the
sexual act in an enclosed place with __________
A. carbon monoxide B. asphyxiate gas
C. all of these D. none of these
13. It is firm, elastic and plump and its medial borders are usually in close contact with each to cover the
clitoris.
A. labia majora B. labia minora
C. all of these D. none of these
14. This term refers to a condition of a woman who permits any form of sexual liberties as long as they abstain
from rupturing their hymen by sexual act.
A. false virginity B. demi-virginity
C. physical virginity D. semi-virginity
15. Before actual examination is made by the medico-legal examiner on the subject, it is necessary to have a
__________ from the subject herself of from her guardian, if the victim is not of age.
A. consent of relative B. waiver of the victim
C. written consent D. consent of parents
16. It is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters, and is primarily
associated with death investigations.
A. forensic entomology B. entomology of victim
C. forensic insectology D. entolomogy of cadaver
17. More specifically, the forensic entomologist estimates a portion of the postmortem interval based on the
age of the insect present. This entomological based estimation is most commonly called as __________.
A. time of inquisition C. time of presence
B. time of appearance D. time since colonization
18. It can also exhibit preferences for carcasses in shade or sunlit conditions of the outdoor environment.
A. insects B. bees
C. flies D. maggots
19. It can also help determine the circumstances of abuse and rape.
A. physical evidence B. entomological evidence.
C. forensic evidence D. material evidence
20. A wound absent of maggots or other necrophagous insects is most likely a __________.
A. postmortem wound B. ante-mortem wound
C. fresh wounds D. healing wounds
21. It can be successful on insect larvae because their tissues assimilate drugs and toxins that accumulated in
human tissue prior to death.
A. forensic analysis B. toxicological analysis
C. chemical analysis D. laboratory analysis
22. Insects colonize cadavers in a predictable sequence, also known as insect succession, and the first to arrive
are the __________, drawn by the strong scent of decomposition.
A. necrophagous species B. all kinds of flies
C. dead eating insects D. larva and pupal
23. Using this measurement, the forensic entomologist can then calculate the likely age of a specimen from the
corpse, adjusting for the temperatures and other environmental conditions at the crime scene.
A. all of these factors B. accumulated time
C. accumulated hour D. accumulated days
24. Observation on __________ at the crime scene may be useful, because the entomologist is trained in a
different science than the crime scene investigators.
A. flies activities B. insect activities
C. maggots activities D. larva activities
25. This branch of pathology involves the evaluation of body fluids with the help of the laboratory. The main
subcategories of clinical pathology are hematology, microbiology, chemistry, hematology and immunology.
A. anatomical pathology B. clinical patrhology
C. forensic pathology D. forensic entomology
26. It is a wound produced one oneself, and as distinguished from suicide, the person has no intention to end
his life.
A. all of these B. patterned wound
C. defense wound D. self-inflicted wound
27. It is a wound wherein there is no breach of continuity of the skin or mucous membrane.
A. special wounds B. open wound
C. closed wound D. ordinary wound
28. This is circumscribed extravasations of the blood in the subcutaneous tissue or underneath the mucous
membrane, and it is due to the increase intra-capillary pressure of the vessel.
A. petichiae B. hematoma
C. contusion D. none of these
29. It is the effusion of blood into the tissues underneath the skin on account of the rupture of the blood vessels
as a result of the application of blunt force or violence.
A. contusion B. hematoma
C. petichiae D. all of these
30. It is the extravasations or effusion of blood in a newly formed cavity underneath the skin, thus causing the
outer layer of the skin to elevate.
A. hematoma B. contusion
C. open wound D. petichiae
31. It is a partial or complete disruption in the continuity of a muscular or ligamentous support of a joint.
A. subluxation B. fracture
C. dislocation D. sprain
32. It is dissolution of the continuity of bone resulting from violence, external stimuli or some other forms of
existing pathology.
A. dislocation B. fracture
C. strain D. subluxation
33. The body becomes flattened over areas that are in contact with surface it rest, and it is being called as what?
A. lost of elasticity B. anti-morten flattening
C. flaccidity of the muscle D. post-mortem flattening
34. It is the jarring or stunning of the brain characterized by more or less complete suspension of its functions.
A. internal hemorrhage B. coup injury
C. concussion cerebri D. contre-coup injury
35. It is a wound wherein there is a breach of continuity of the skin or the mucous membrane, and it can be
coaptated or gaping, depending on the direction of the wound.
A. gaping wound B. closed wound
C. open wound D. open injury
36. It is an injury characterized by the removal of the superficial epithelial layer of the skin caused by contact
and accompanied by sliding friction against a hard rough surface.
A. rubbing wound B. abrasion
C. removal of dermis D. friction injury
37. It is a gradual breakdown of very shallow ulceration of the skin which involves only the epidermis and
heals without scarring.
A. dermal erosion B. epidermal erosion
C. linear abrasion D. excoriation
38. This is produced by a sharp-edged-cutting or sharp-linear edge of the instrument, and that is like a knife,
razor, metal sheet, etc.
A. chopped wound B. incised wound
C. shacked wound D. lacerated wound
39. It is produced by the penetration of a sharp-pointed and sharp edge instrument, and that is knife, saber,
dagger, and scissors.
A. penetrating wound B. puncture wound
C. open wound D. stabbed wound
40. It is a thrust of a sharp pointed instrument; the external injury is small but the depth is to a certain degree
depending on the length of the instrument.
A. perforating wound B. gaping wound
C. punctured wound D. closed wound
41. This may be produced by a semi-sharp instrument which causes irregular edges on the wound, like hatchet
and choppers.
A. gaping B. wounding
C. tearing D. rectracting
42. It is the disturbance of fluid balance resulting to peripheral deficiency which is manifested by the decreased
volume of blood, and because of hemo-concentration and renal deficiency.
A. shock B. primary shock
C. embolism D. hemorrhage
43. It is the extravasations or loss of blood from the circulation brought about by wounds in the cardio-vascular
system.
A. internal bleeding B. hemorrhage
C. blood extravasations D. blood effusions
44. It is the appearance, growth and development of micro-organisms at the site of injury.
A. infection B. tetanis
C. poisons D. bacteria
45. This is a condition in which foreign matters are introduced in the blood stream causing sudden block to the
blood flow in the finer arterioles and capillaries.
A. shock B. asphyxia
C. hemorrhage D. embolism
46. It is material in the determination of the relative position of the victim and the offender when such wound
has been inflicted.
A. dept of wound B. direction of wound
C. size of wound D. length of wound
47. This may show marked degree of force applied in the production of the wound.
A. several injury B. multiple injury
C. serious injury D. extensive injury
48. If are found in different parts of the body, they are generally indicative of murder or homicide.
A. multiple wounds B. two or more wounds
C. several wounds D. open wounds
49. It is measurable is the outer wound and the inner end is fixed.
A. depth B. length
C. size D. direction
50. This is important in determining the trajectory or course of the wounding weapon that causes injury inside
the body.
A. location of wound B. depth of the wound
C. direction of wound D. size of the wound
51. This is the maceration of the dead fetus inside the uterus.
A. autolytic action B. protoelytic changes
C. lipolytic changes D. glycolytic action
52. The loss of tone of blood vessels cause the blood to be under the influence of gravity, capillaries may be
distended with blood that will coalesce with one another until the whole area becomes dull-red or purplish in color
and this is known as:
A. livor mortis B. algor mortis
C. instantenous rigor D. rigor mortis
53. In entomology of the cadaver, the mere facts that there are maggots in the cadaver, one can conclude that
death has occurred for more than how many hours.
A. twelve hours B. twenty-four hours
C. twenty hours D. fourteen hours
54. The presence of live flea recovered from the clothing of the victim, it is conclusive that the body has been
in water for a period less than how many hours.
A. three to six hours B. thirty-four hours
C. none of these D. twenty-four hours
55. The following are the changes in the cerebro-spinal fluid fifteen hours after death, EXCEPT:
A. lactic acid increase
B. non-protein nitrogen increases
C. amino-acid concentration increase
D. anti-mortem caloricity
56. It includes the collection of the physical evidences that may lead to the identity of the perpetrator, the
manner the criminal act was executed, and such other things that may be useful in the prosecution of the case.
forensic investigation
criminal investigation
autopsy examination
crime scene investigation
57. It is a comprehensive study of a dead body, performed by a trained physician employing recognized
dissection procedure, and it includes removal of tissues for further examination.
A. medical examination B. autopsy
C. autopsy examination D. all of these
58. This applies to cases when trauma or disease kill quickly that there is no opportunity for sequelae or
complications to develop, an example of this are extensive brain laceration as a result of a traffic or motor vehicle
accident.
A. primary cause B. immediate cause
C. all of these D. none of these
59. The separation of the edges especially in deep wound may be due to the following, EXCEPT:
A. mechanical stretching B. loss of tissue
C. retraction of the edges D. gaping of wound
60. This is a condition in which the supply of the oxygen to the blood or to tissues or to both has reduced below
what is required by human being.
A. death from syncope B. death from asphyxia
C. death from coma D. none of these
61. This is death due to sudden and fatal cessation of the action of the heart with circulation included.
A. all of these B. death from coma
C. death from syncope D. death from asphyxia
62. This is the state of unconsciousness with insensibility of the pupil and conjunctivae, and inability to
swallow, resulting from the arrest of the functions of the brain.
A. death from coma B. death from asphyxia
C. death from syncope D. death from poisoning
63. It is the general term applied to all forms of violent death which results primarily from the interference with
the process of respiration or the condition in which the supply of oxygen to the blood or to the tissue or both has
been reduced below normal level.
A. asphyxia B. comatose
C. anoxemia D. heart failure
64. It is damage or harm caused to the structure or function of the body caused by an outside agent or force,
which may be physical or chemical, and either by accident and/or, intentional.
A. wound B. trauma
C. physical injuries D. injuries
65. Physical injuries resulted from outside force of external stimuli maybe grouped into three categories, as
follows, EXCEPT:
A. serious injury B. fatal injury
C. simple injury D. grievous injury
66. It is the sum total of all reaction of tissue or organ to trauma.
A. overall reactions B. vital indication
C. vital reactions D. body reaction
67. It is a wound which is caused immediately after infliction or shortly thereafter that is capable of causing
death on the part of the victim.
A. non-mortal wound B. mortal wound
C. fatal wound D. non-fatal wound
68. It is the dissolution of the natural continuity of any tissues of the living body, and it is the disruption of the
anatomic energy of a tissue of the body
A. injury B. trauma
C. wound D. all of these
69. It is a type of the wound that involves only the outer layers of the skin.
A. superficial B. closed wound
C. open wound D. artificial
70. Wound in which the wounding agent enters the body but did not come out or the mere piercing of a solid
organ or tissue of the body.
A. entering B. piercing
C. penetrating D. wounding
71. When the wounding agent produces communication between the inner and outer portion of the hollow
organs.
A. perforated B. perforating
C. perforation D. thru-and-thru
72. It is a physical injury located not at the site, nor opposite the site of the application of force but in some areas
offering the least resistance to the force applied.
A. physical injury B. contre-coup injury
C. loss of functions D. minoris resistencia
73. Physical injury involving greater area of the body beyond the site of the application of force.
A. serious injury B. fatal injury
C. extensive injury D. grave injury
74. It is a wound which is the result of a person’s instinctive reaction of self-protection.
A. defense wound B. special wounds
 C. special injury D. defense injury
75. It is a wound in which the nature and shape of an object or instrument and which infers the object or
instrument causing it.
A. defense wound B. patterned wound
C. self-inflicted wound D. none of these
76. It is the branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge to the purpose of the law
and in the administration of justice.
A. surgical medicine B. obstetrics & genecology
C. medical autopsies D. forensic medicine
77. This denotes knowledge of law in relation to the practice of medicine, and it concerns with the study of the
rights, duties, and obligations of a medical practitioners with particular reference to those arising from doctor and
patient relationship.
A. medical knowledge B. forensic toxicology
C. medical jurisprudence D. forensic pathology
78. It primarily deals with the application of medicine to legal cases, and it has a similar meaning with forensic
medicine.
A. legal medicine B. autopsy examination
C. 0anatomy& physiology D. other allied sciences
79. Its purpose is the examination of a patient, and to include bodily lesions in medico-legal expert’s reports
and testify before the court or investigative body, thus giving justice to whom it is due.
A. medical jurists B. ordinary physician
C. forensic experts D. government physician
80. The role of the teeth in human identification is important because of the following reasons, EXCEPT:

A. the possibility of two persons to have the same dentition is quite remote
B. the importance of dental characteristics as a means of identification
C. ante-mortem records are reliable comparative or exclusionary mode of identification
D. the human teeth is infallible, reliable and permanent
81. It is a species of proof, or probative matter, legally presented at the trial of an issue for the purpose of
inducing belief in the minds of court as to their contention and legal purpose.
A. autoptic evidence B. criminal evidence
C. physical evidence D. medical evidence
82. The oval or round shape of the skull and the less prominent jaw and nasal bone are suggestive of
__________.
A. human remains B. skeletal remains
C. questionable remains D. animal remains
83. Autopsy examinations shall be performed in the following, cases, EXCEPT:
A. required by special laws and order of competent court
B. upon written request of police authorities
C. during violent or unnatural death
D. whenever the nearest kin shall request in writing
84. In determining the sex of skeleton, the following bones must be studied, EXCEPT:
A. pelvis and skull B. sternus
C. femur and humerus D. long bones
85. The following are important test to determine the sex of victim, EXCEPT:
A. social test B. gonadal test
C. chromosomal test D. testis or ovarian test
86. The fetus is less than 25 cm. and by computing the square root of the length of the fetus what is the age in
months of the fetus.
A. 5 months B. 4 months
C. 6 months D. 7 months
87. The following are some of the physical characteristics of the infant, more particularly those who are newly
born, aside from having a plump limbs and body, EXCEPT:
A. with vernix caeosa B. red meconium
C. eruption of teeth D. lanugo hair
88. It is the termination of life, and it is the complete cessation of all the vital functions without the possibility
of resuscitation.
A. suspended animation B. death
C. none of these D. clinical death
89. It occurs when there is irreversible coma, absence of electrical brain activity and complete cessation of all
the vital functions without possibility of resuscitation.
A. cellular death B. none of these
C. somatic death D. brain death
90. It occurs when there is a continuous and persistent cessation of heart action and respiration.
A. molecular death B. cardio-respiratory death
C. artificial death D. clinical death
91. This is the state of the body in which there is complete, persistent and continuous cessation of the vital
function of the brain, heart and lungs that maintain life and health.
A. apparent death A. cessation of circulation
C. somatic death D. cessation of respiration
92. This condition is not really death, but merely a transient loss of consciousness or temporary cessation of the
vital functions of the body.
A. physical death B. apparent death
 C. brain death D. clinical death
93. It is the rise of temperature of the body after death, due to rapid and early putrefactive changes or some
internal changes, and usually observed in the first two hours of death.
A. anti-mortem caloricy B. anti-mortem lividity
C. post-mortem caloricity D. post-mortem lividity
94. After death, the body loses slowly its temperature by evaporation of by conduction to the surrounding
atmosphere, and it is one of the most prominent and important signs and indications of death.
A. livor mortis B. algor mortis
C. instantenous rigor D. rigor mortis
95. After death, it will be developed on areas of the skin, especially on the most dependent portions on account
of the gravitation of the blood.
A. cadaveric rigidity B. cadaveric discoloration
C. livid discoloration D. changes of the body
96. Three to six hours after death, the muscles gradually stiffen, and it usually starts at the muscles of the neck
and lower jaw and spread downwards to the chest, abdomen, arm, and lower limbs, and this is considered as natural
phenomenon, and termed as:
A. all of these B. rigor mortis
C. livor mortis D. algor mortis
97. This is due to extreme nervous system injury to the chest, and this also to the fact that the last voluntary
contraction of the muscle during life does not stop after death.
A. lividity B. putrefaction
C. flaccidity D. cadaveric spasm
98. Ordinarily, the color of post-mortem hypostatis is dull-red, pink or purplish in color, but in death due to
__________, it is bright pink in color.
A. exposed to heat B. asphyxia
C. exposed to cold D. carbon monoxide
99. It is the breaking down of complex protein into simpler components associated with the evolution of foul
smelling gases and accompanied by the change of color of the body.
A. none of these B. putrefaction
C. muscle flaccidity D. decomposition
100. Few hours after death, there is __________ of the blood within the blood vessels, and as a results of which
hemoglobin is liberated, thereby imparting red or reddish-brown color.
A. hemolysis B. hemoglobin
C. diffusion D. loss of tone of blood

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