CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

Addis Ababa University

Addis Ababa Institute of Technology

School of Mechanical and Industrial

Engineering

CFD Group Assigment on Centerifugal

Pumps

By:-

1. Netsanet Dessalegn GSE/8266/12

2. Zena Tilahun GSE/0044/12
3. Zewdie Afework GSE/0567/12

Submitted to Dr. Tilahun N.

JULY 2021

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

Table of Contents
Contents Page No.

1 General Descirpition on Group assignment and Main objective ................................. 1

1.1 CFD Project A: ...................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Main objective and goles....................................................................................... 1

1.3 Input Partamters .................................................................................................... 2

2 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 2

2.1 Main Parts of a Centrifugal Pump ......................................................................... 3

2.1.1 Impeller .......................................................................................................... 3

2.1.2 Casing ............................................................................................................ 3

2.1.3 Suction and delivery Pipes ............................................................................. 3

3 Validty and Result........................................................................................................ 5

4 Design Ansys Fluent .................................................................................................... 6

5 Project Schematic......................................................................................................... 7

6 Blade Design Impeller ................................................................................................. 7

7 Blade Design Volute .................................................................................................. 10

8 Blade (Gen) Blad Design ........................................................................................... 11

9 Mesh (Geomery) ........................................................................................................ 11

10 Mesh (Geomery) Statisyics ........................................................................................ 12

10.1 Inlet...................................................................................................................... 12

10.2 InletHub ............................................................................................................... 13

10.3 InletShroud .......................................................................................................... 13

10.4 Outlet ................................................................................................................... 14

10.5 Volute .................................................................................................................. 14

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

11 Parameter ................................................................................................................... 15

12 TurboGrid (Turbo Mesh) ........................................................................................... 16

12.1 Assembling Impeller Blad ................................................................................... 16

13 CFX ............................................................................................................................ 18

13.1 CFX Setup (Boundary Condition’s).................................................................... 18

13.2 Blade.................................................................................................................... 18

13.3 Hub ...................................................................................................................... 19

13.4 Impeller (Blad) .................................................................................................... 19

13.5 Inlet...................................................................................................................... 20

13.6 Outlet ................................................................................................................... 20

13.7 Shroud ................................................................................................................. 21

13.8 Assembley ........................................................................................................... 21

14 Solution ...................................................................................................................... 22

14.1 Momentum and mass .......................................................................................... 22

14.2 Turbulence ........................................................................................................... 22

15 Result ......................................................................................................................... 23

15.1 Pressure Distribution of Centrifugal Pump ......................................................... 23

15.2 Velocity Distribution of Centrifugal Pump ......................................................... 23

16 Comparison of Pump Theoretical and CFD efficiency.............................................. 24

16.1 Comparison of Pump Theoretical and CFD efficiency Piviot Table .................. 25

17 conclusion .................................................................................................................. 26

18 Reference ................................................................................................................... 27

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

1 General Descirpition on Group assignment and Main

objective

1.1 CFD Project A:

Design the following components for a specific purpose (taking your own logical data)
using ANSYS FLUENT/CFX (on the topic Centrifugal Pump)

 Prepare a report of standard quality containing at least the following:

 Theoretical background including working principles and application areas.
 Physics governing the flow and/or heat transfer.
 Simplifying assumptions, if any.
 Parametric study. (Effect of geometry, material property variation, relevant to
specific project)
 Effect of grid on accuracy of solution - a comment on the validity of the CFD
simulation

1.2 Main objective and goles

The main obejectiove CFD simulation on cetrifugal pumps is

 To visualize the flow conditions inside a centrifugal pump

 To revise and study leacture material
 To observe and determine the pattern of velocity profile and pressure
distribution.

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

1.3 Input Partamters

The centerfugal pumps input partamters for the CFD design and simulation is consider
as shown table below.

Iteam Description Input Value

1 Purpose of pumps To transfer domestic water to roof level

2 Manufacturer and model Ansys Design Test

3 Rotetinal Speed (RPM) 3000 RPM

4 Flow Rate Capacity (m3/hr) 36 m3/hr

5 Desity of water (Kg/m3) 1000 kg/m3

6 Pump Head(m) 20 m

7 Flow type Centrifugal (90 o)

2 Introduction

Pumps are hydraulic machines which convert mechanical energy into hydraulic
energy.The hydraulic energy is in the form of pressure energy. Two types of pumps
commonly used are centrifugal and axial flow pumps.The combination of centrifugal
and axial flow pumps is called as mixed flow pump when part of the liquid flow in the
impeller is axial and part is radial.

A centrifugal pump is a mechanical device designed to move a fluid by means of

the transfer of rotational energy from one or more driven rotors, called impellers.
Fluid enters the rapidly rotating impeller along its axis and is cast out by centrifugal
force along its circumference through the impeller's vane tips.

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

2.1 Main Parts of a Centrifugal Pump

 Impeller,

 Casing.

 Suction and delivery Pipes.

2.1.1 Impeller

It is a rotating solid disc part with curved blades standing out vertically from the face
of the disc.The impeller is mounted on a shaft which is coupled with the shaft of an
electric motor.

2.1.2 Casing

It is air tight passage surrounding the impeller which converts the K.E. of water
leaving the impeller into pressure energy before the water leaves the casing and enters
the delivery pipe.

2.1.3 Suction and delivery Pipes

 Suction Pipe

It is A pipe whose one end is connected to the inlet of the pump and other end dipped
into the water in a sump.

 Delivery Pipe

It is a pipe whose one end is connected to the outlet of the pump and other end
delivers the water at a required height .

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

Figure 1 Centrifugal Pump

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

3 Validty and Result

The Euler pump equations are the most fundamental equations in the field
of turbomachinery. These equations govern the power, efficiencies and other factors
that contribute to the design of turbomachines. With the help of these equations
the head developed by a pump and the head utilised by a turbine can be easily
determined.

Euler’s pump equations can be used to predict the effect that changing the impeller
geometry has on the head.

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

4 Design Ansys Fluent

Input variables are used to give a basic starting point for the pump design. The head,
volume flow, rotational speed and other parameters could be changed to the specific
purpose.

The following figure will demonstrate the entire workflow from input values in Vista
CPD to final results by Vista design module. This way, manipulation of the geometry
in BladeGen or BladeEditor will be possible and all the next steps will be
automatically generated and results produced.

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

5 Project Schematic

6 Blade Design Impeller

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

7 Blade Design Volute

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

8 Blade (Gen) Blad Design

9 Mesh (Geomery)

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

10 Mesh (Geomery) Statisyics

10.1 Inlet

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

10.2 InletHub

10.3 InletShroud

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

10.4 Outlet

10.5 Volute

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

11 Parameter

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

12 TurboGrid (Turbo Mesh)

12.1 Assembling Impeller Blad

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CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

13 CFX

13.1 CFX Setup (Boundary Condition’s)

Centrifugal pump impeller domain is considered as rotating frame of reference with a

rotational speed range from 3000 to 4000 rpm. k-ε turbulence model is considered.
Non slip boundary conditions have been imposed over the impeller blades, hub and
shroud. Inlet static pressure (0 atm) and outlet mass flow rate (1.666667 Kg/s) are
given based on flow rate as boundary conditions. Convergence precision of residuals
is considered as 10-4. Three dimensional incompressible N-S equations are solved with
Ansys-CFX Solver.

13.2 Blade

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

13.3 Hub

13.4 Impeller (Blad)

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

13.5 Inlet

13.6 Outlet

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

13.7 Shroud

13.8 Assembley

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

14 Solution

14.1 Momentum and mass

14.2 Turbulence

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

15 Result

15.1 Pressure Distribution of Centrifugal Pump

15.2 Velocity Distribution of Centrifugal Pump

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

16 Comparison of Pump Theoretical and CFD efficiency

ⴄ = CFD
W=Specific Q= Flow ⴄ = Teoretical
H=Head P= Shaft Efficiency
RPM Weight Rate Efficiency of eRROR
NO Generated Power of the
N/m3 (m3/Sec) the pump
pump

1 1450 9810 0.0777778 20 19548.23685 0.780633065 0.8047764 0.0300001

2 1750 9810 0.0777778 20 19689.97765 0.775013579 0.798983 0.0299999

3 2000 9810 0.0777778 20 19806.56624 0.770451569 0.79428 0.0300000

4 2500 9810 0.0777778 20 20082.0694 0.75988185 0.7833833 0.299999

5 3000 9810 0.0777778 20 20448.88878 0.746250821 0.7693307 0.299999

6 3500 9810 0.0777778 20 20915.58456 0.7295995 0.7521645 0.300001

7 4000 9810 0.0777778 20 21481.01425 0.710394764 0.7323658 0.300001

Where:-

Teoretical Efficiency of the pump - CFD Efficiency of the pump

Teoretical Efficiency of the pump

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

16.1 Comparison of Pump Theoretical and CFD efficiency

Piviot Table

Comparison of Pump Theoretical and CFD efficiency

0.820

0.805
0.799
0.800 0.794

0.783
0.781
Efficiency of T.P.E AND D.E.P

0.780 0.775
0.770 0.769

0.760
0.760
0.752
0.746

0.740 0.732
0.730

0.720
0.710

0.700

0.680

0.660
0.0777778 0.0777778 0.0777778 0.0777778 0.0777778 0.0777778 0.0777778
9810 9810 9810 9810 9810 9810 9810
1450 1750 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
ⴄ = T.P.E 0.781 0.775 0.770 0.760 0.746 0.730 0.710
ⴄ= CFD.E.P 0.805 0.799 0.794 0.783 0.769 0.752 0.732

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

17 conclusion

• The comparison between CFD result and theoretical values shows that the
simulation is able to predict the pump characteristics successfully.

• After analyzing for different RPM ranges from 1450-4000 The result indicates that
optimum efficiency is obtained for 7.78 kg/sec for 6 blades at 3000 rpm rotational
speed.

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 CFD Group Assigment on Centrifugal Pump

18 Reference

• E.C. Bcharoudis, A.E. ilios ,M.D. Mentzos and D.P. Margaris, Parametric Study of a
Centrifugal Pump Impeller by Varying the Outlet Blade Angle, The open Mechanical
Engineering Journal, pp75-83, 2008,.

• PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP BY USING CFD Venkatratnam

dirisala Asst prof. in MPES Group of institutions, Guntur, AP, India.

• ANSYS CFX basic information

• YouTub Ansys Ninga\Ansys CFD , Leap Ansys ,

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