EOTT Energy Changes

Name: ________________________

Class: ________________________

Date: ________________________

Time: 28 minutes

Marks: 32 marks

Comments:

Time: 28 minutes

Marks: _________/32

EAST E: A:

Strength

Target

Page 1 of 15
Q1.
In a power station, coal can be used to generate electricity.

(a) Use words from the box to answer the questions below.

chemical electrical gravitational potential

kinetic light sound thermal

1 mark

(i) What is the useful energy transfer when coal is burnt?

............................... energy is transferred to ............................. energy

1 mark

(ii) Some of the energy stored in coal is wasted when it is burnt.

Give the name of one type of energy released that is not useful.

...............................
1 mark

(b) Wind turbines are also used to generate electricity.

The wind turns the turbine blades and the turbine
blades turn a generator.

Page 2 of 15
 Use words from the box opposite. Complete the sentence to show the useful
energy transfer in a wind turbine and generator.

............................... energy is transferred to ............................. energy

1 mark

(c) Suggest one disadvantage of using wind to generate electricity.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d) Sugar cane is a plant.

The sugar from the cane is used to make alcohol.

Alcohol is a fuel.

(i) Which energy source do plants use to produce

sugar?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Is sugar cane a renewable or non-renewable source of energy?

Tick one box.

renewable source non-renewable source

Give a reason for your answer.

.............................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks

Page 3 of 15
Q2.
Jenny put a spring She pressed the She let go of the spring
over a wooden rod. spring down 2 cm. and measured the
height it reached.

not to scale

Jenny repeated her experiment. She pressed the spring down more each time.
Her results are shown in the graph below.

Page 4 of 15
(a) Use Jenny’s graph to complete the table below.

distance the spring was height the spring

pressed down (cm) reached (cm)

1 mark

(b) Jenny said, ‘If I double the distance I press the spring down, the height it reaches
will also double’.

How do the results show she was wrong?

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) This diagram shows the moving spring in three different positions.

Page 5 of 15
 Complete the sentences below by choosing words from the box.
You can use each word more than once.

most some least

(i) When the spring is moving at B it has kinetic energy and

.................................. gravitational potential energy.

1 mark

(ii) When the spring reaches C it has .............................. gravitational potential

energy and .................................. kinetic energy.

1 mark

(iii) When the spring stops at A it has .................................. kinetic energy and

.................................. gravitational potential energy.

1 mark
maximum 5 marks

Q3.
Keith has a wind-up radio.
It does not use batteries. It is powered by a steel spring.

(a) Keith winds up the spring.

As the spring unwinds, potential energy in the spring is transferred to a
generator, which then turns.

Page 6 of 15
 The generator provides electrical energy for the radio.

Fill the gaps in the sentences below to show the useful energy changes which
take place in the generator and the speaker.

(i) As the generator turns, ............................................................. energy is

changed to electrical energy.

1 mark

(ii) In the speaker, electrical energy is changed to

............................................................. energy.
1 mark

(b) When Keith turns the volume up so that the radio is louder, the spring
unwinds more quickly.

Why does the spring unwind more quickly?

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) The radio has a solar cell which can also provide electrical energy.

Keith winds up his radio and takes it outside without changing the volume.
The steel spring unwinds more slowly when sunlight falls on the solar cell.
Explain why.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d) The wind-up radio was designed for use in poorer countries.

Suggest why wind-up radios are useful in poorer countries.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 5 marks

Q4.
The drawing below shows a garden water feature. It is solar-powered.

Page 7 of 15
 The solar cell absorbs energy from the Sun.
The solar cell is connected to a motor in the bowl.
The motor drives a pump.
Water is pumped up to the jug and it flows back down to the bowl.

(a) Use the information above to help you to complete the following sentences.
Choose words from the list.

(i) The useful energy change in the solar cell is from

light to .................................... energy.

1 mark

(ii) The useful energy change in the motor is from

electrical energy to .................................... energy.

1 mark

(iii) As the water flows from the jug to the bowl .......................................

energy is changed into .................................... energy.

2 marks

(b) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using a solar cell to power the
water feature.

advantage ....................................................................................................

Page 8 of 15
 ......................................................................................................................
1 mark

disadvantage ................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks

Q5.
Ten-pin bowling is a game where a ball is rolled along the floor to knock over some
wooden pins.

The figure below shows a person ten-pin bowling.

(a) Write down the equation that links distance (s), force (F) and work done (W).

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

A machine returns the ball to the person.

(c) The ball has to go through 25m to return the ball to the person.

The force that the machine applies to make the ball move that distance is 300N.

Calculate the work done by the machine in returning the ball to the person.

Use the equation written before:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 9 of 15
 Work done = ________________________ J
(2)

(d) The machine has an efficiency of 0.60

The useful power output of the machine is 660 W.

Calculate the total power input to the machine.

Use the equation:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Total power input = ________________________ W

(2)

(e) The machine has several moving parts.

What is the name of the force caused by the moving parts rubbing together?

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(f) What happens to the wasted energy from the machine?

Tick (✓) one box.

The wasted energy cools the

surroundings.

The wasted energy heats the

surroundings.

The wasted energy is destroyed.

(1)
(Total 9 marks)

Page 10 of 15
Mark schemes

Q1.
(a) (i) • chemical
answers must be in the correct order
1 (L6)

• thermal
accept ‘kinetic’
‘heat’ is insufficient
‘movement’ is insufficient
1 (L6)

(ii) any one from

• sound

• light
1 (L6)

(b) • kinetic
electrical
answers must be in the correct order
both answers are required for the mark
‘movement’ is insufficient for kinetic
1 (L6)

(c) any one from

• the wind speed varies

accept ‘it depends on the weather’

• sometimes the wind does not blow

accept ‘the wind is unreliable’

• the wind cannot be controlled

accept ‘it varies’
accept ‘it could be too windy’
responses that do not refer to wind, such as ‘they spoil the
landscape’ or ‘they kill birds’ or ‘they are too noisy’ or
‘interfere with TV and radio signals’ are insufficient
1 (L5)

(d) (i) • Sun(light)

accept ‘light’
accept ‘solar (energy)’
do not accept ‘heat’
‘photosynthesis’ is insufficient
1 (L5)

(ii) • renewable source

Page 11 of 15
 both the correct answer and a correct explanation are
required for the mark

you can grow more plants

accept ‘you grow it (again)’
do not accept ‘you can use it again’
‘it is a biofuel’ is insufficient
1 (L6)
[7]

Q2.
(a) •
2 20

3 45 or 46

4 80

all three answers are required for the mark

1 (L5)

(b) any one from

• the height for 4 cm is 4 times the height for 2 cm

accept ‘for 2 cm it went 20 cm but for 4 cm it went 80 cm’
a mark may be awarded for other correct figures
accept ‘if I double the distance it goes four times as high’
‘when she doubled the distance it did not double the height’
is insufficient

• the graph is a curve

accept ‘the graph is not a straight line’

• the height for 2 cm is not twice the height for 1 cm

accept ‘if it goes from 2 to 3 cm, the height more than
doubles’

• the height should have been 40 cm when he pressed it down 4 cm

accept appropriate arguments for other values
1 (L6)

(c) (i) • some

some
both answers are required for the mark
1 (L6)

(ii) • most
least
both answers are required for the mark
answers must be in the correct order
1 (L6)

Page 12 of 15
 (iii) • least
least
both answers are required for the mark
1 (L6)
[5]

Q3.
(a) (i) kinetic
accept ‘movement’ or ‘motion’
1 (L7)

(ii) sound
accept ‘kinetic’ or ‘movement’ or ‘motion’
1 (L7)

(b) any one from

answers must refer to ‘energy’ or ‘power’

• loud sounds dissipate more energy than quieter sounds

accept ‘energy is used or needed more quickly’

• energy is transferred more quickly

accept ‘it is using more power’ or ‘more energy is
transferred per second’

• more potential or kinetic energy is converted to sound

accept ‘more energy is converted to sound’
accept ‘it is using or transferring more energy’
accept ‘it produces more electrical energy’
do not accept ‘it uses more electricity’
1 (L7)

(c) any one from

• solar energy or light energy is used

accept ‘the radio is run by sunlight or light’

• less energy is provided by or taken from the spring

accept ‘the light provides a second source of energy’

• energy is provided by the solar cell

accept ‘the radio is run by the Sun’
accept ‘the radio has two sources of energy’
1 (L7)

(d) any one from

• batteries or mains electricity are not available

• batteries or mains are not needed

• people cannot afford batteries or mains electricity

Page 13 of 15
 accept ‘the energy resource is free’
accept ‘they are cheap to run’
‘they are cheap’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
[5]

Q4.
(a) (i) electrical
1 (L5)

(ii) kinetic
accept ‘movement’
1 (L6)

(iii) • gravitational potential

accept ‘gravitational’ or ‘potential’
1 (L6)

• kinetic or sound or thermal

accept ‘heat’ for thermal
accept for two marks ‘kinetic into sound’
or ’kinetic into thermal’
answers must be in the correct order
1

(b) advantage

• the energy will always be replaced

accept ‘it will not run out’

• it is renewable
accept ‘it does not use fuel or mains electricity’

• it is free to run
accept ‘it is cheap’

• a battery might leak

accept ‘no pollution with a solar cell’
1 (L5)

disadvantage

• if the Sun goes in the pump will stop

• it will not work at night or in the dark

accept ‘it must be in the Sun to work’
accept ‘it is not sunny all the time’
do not accept ‘can be used again’
1 (L5)
[6]

Page 14 of 15
Q5.
(a) work done = force × distance (along the line of action of the force)

or

W = Fs
1

(c) Wd = 300 × 25
1

W = 7 500 (J)
1

(d)
1

P = 1100 (W)
1

(e) friction
1

(f) the wasted energy heats the surroundings

1
[9]

Page 15 of 15