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HAJJ

Violations & Penalties

 12 comments  30 min read

When a mistake is made during Hajj or Umrah, Fidyah

(expiation) is required to atone for the mistake. By
offering Fidyah, you are making amends for
shortcomings during Hajj or Umrah.

Damm (Fidyah) for Sadaqah for Mistakes in

Mistakes in Hajj or Umrah Hajj or Umrah
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£200.00 £50.00
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Contents [hide]

1 Violations of Ihram
1.1 Miqat
1.2 Applying Fragrances to the Body
1.3 Applying Fragrances to Clothing
1.4 Wearing Incensed and Dyed Clothing
1.5 Fragrances from the Holy Kaaba
1.6 Using Scented Products
1.7 Applying Henna / Kohl
1.8 Wearing Stitched Clothing
1.9 Footwear
1.10 Covering the Head / Face
1.11 Shaving, Cutting & Removing Hair
1.12 Clipping the Nails
1.13 Sexual Relations
1.14 Killing Lice and Locusts
2 Violations of the Haram
2.1 Hunting
2.2 Cutting Vegetation
3 Violations of the Rites of Hajj & Umrah
3.1 Tawaf al-Umrah
3.2 Tawaf al-Qudum
3.3 Tawaf al-Nafl
3.4 Tawaf al-Ziyarah
3.5 Tawaf al-Wadaa’
3.6 Sa’i of Hajj and Umrah
3.7 Mina
3.8 Day of Arafat
3.9 Night of Muzdalifah
3.10 Rami

Fidyah will be obligatory when you have:

1. Violated one of the prohibitions of Ihram, such as

applying perfume or cutting the hair.
2. Failed to perform a Wajib (obligatory) act of Hajj, i.e.
didn’t do Rami (pelting) of the Jamarat, or did not enter
into Ihram from the Miqat etc.
3. Transgressed the sanctity of the Haram such as
hunting an animal or cutting a tree within its
boundaries.

There are three categories of penalty, depending on the

nature of the transgression:

Badanah
Offering a large sacrificial animal such as a camel or a cow
(the size of which normally constitutes seven parts).

Damm
Offering a small sacrificial animal such as a sheep or a goat
(or the cost of one-seventh of a large animal if sharing).

Sadaqah
Offering charity to the poor, normally in the form of food
such as flour, wheat, barley, dates or raisins. Depending on
the violation, the amount of Sadaqah falls into three
categories:

i. Complete Sadaqah al-Fitr – This is equivalent to about

3 kg of wheat, 6 kg of barley or 6 kg of dates or raisins
or its value in money.
ii. Less than Sadaqah al-Fitr – This can be a handful of
wheat or an equivalent.
iii. Sadaqah equivalent to the value – For example,
cutting trees or grass in the boundaries of the Haram
will necessitate Sadaqah equivalent to the value of
those mistakes. The amount due will be judged by two
Muslim men who are local to the area and upright in
their character.

Violations of Ihram
The following tables and notes are not exhaustive but
provide a simplified overview of the topic as a whole.

Miqat

Action Expiation Additional Info

The penalty will

Entering the be waived by
Miqat without returning to the
Damm
coming into Miqat and re-
Ihram. entering into
Ihram.

Applying Fragrances to the Body

Action Expiation Additional Info

To apply perfume
Large areas of
or something with
the body refers
fragrance e.g.
to body parts
fragranced tissue
such as the
on any large areas Damm
head, ankle,
of the body even
beard, hand,
for a moment,
palm, thigh, calf,
without a valid
etc.
reason.

To apply perfume
or something with
Small areas of
fragrance e.g.
the body refers
fragranced tissue
Sadaqah to body parts
on any small areas
al-Fitr such as the
of the body even
nose, finger, ear
for a moment,
etc.
without a valid
reason.

To apply a large
quantity of
fragranced Damm
substances to any
part of the body.

To apply small
quantities of
fragranced If the total area
substances to is not
various parts of equivalent to
the body so the Damm that of a large
total area of the body part,
body covered is Sadaqah al-Fitr
equivalent to that is due.
of a large part of
the body.

1. Damm
2.
To use fragranced
Sadaqah
substances with a
al-Fitr
valid reason.
3. Fasting
for 3 days

To use fragranced Damm for

substances at each
different places. place

Notes:

• There is no penalty if perfume is applied after wearing

the Ihram garments and before making the Niyyah for
Ihram, even though the fragrance may remain thereafter.
• If the fragrance is washed off immediately after applying
it, the penalty is still due.
• The fragrance should be washed off immediately in any
case, preferably by a non-Muhrim. If not, water should be
poured over the scented area without touching it.
• Leaving the fragrance on your body can result in further
penalties.
• Applying olive oil / sesame oil into the nose or ears is
permissible and doesn’t incur a penalty.
• Smelling fragrant flowers is permissible and doesn’t incur
a penalty, although it is a disliked (Makruh) practice.

Applying Fragrances to Clothing

Action Expiation Additional Info

To apply a large
amount of If a small amount
fragrance to a of fragrance is
small area of applied to a large
clothing (less area of clothing
Damm
than one hand (more than one
span) and wear hand span), the
the clothing for penalty is the
12 hours or same.
more.

To apply a large
amount of If a small amount
fragrance to a of fragrance is
large area of Sadaqah applied to a small
clothing and al-Fitr area of clothing,
wear the clothing the penalty is the
for less than 12 same.
hours.

Notes:

• There is no penalty if perfume is applied after wearing

the Ihram garments and before making the Niyyah for
Ihram, even though the fragrance may remain thereafter.
• If the fragrance is washed off immediately after applying
it, the penalty is still due.
• The fragrance should be washed off immediately in any
case, preferably by a non-Muhrim. If not, water should be
poured over the scented area without touching it.

Wearing Incensed and Dyed Clothing

Action Expiation Additional Info

If the dyed
To wear clothes
clothing has been
that have been
worn for less
dyed in saffron or Damm
than 12 hours,
safflower for 12
Sadaqah al-Fitr is
hours or more.
due.

If the incensed
clothing has been
worn for less
than 12 hours,
To wear clothes Sadaqah al-Fitr is
that have been due.
incensed a lot for Damm
12 hours or If the clothing has
more. not been
incensed much,
Sadaqah al-Fitr is
due.

Fragrances from the Holy Kaaba

Al-Hajar al-Aswad, al-Rukn al-Yamani and the Multazam
sometimes have fragrances applied to them so could incur a
penalty if touched. Care must be taken to avoid this in
Ihram, especially during Tawaf.

Action Expiation Additional Info

To touch al- If the

Hajar al-Aswad, aforementioned
al-Rukn al- parts of the Kaaba
Yamani or the are touched and a
Multazam to the small amount of
Damm
extent that a lot fragrance
of fragrance becomes attached
becomes to the hands or
attached to the face, Sadaqah al-
face or hands. Fitr is due.

Notes:

• If perfume has been applied to al-Hajar al-Aswad, Istilam

can be done by gesturing to al-Hajar al-Aswad from afar
with your hands and kissing them.

Using Scented Products

Action Expiation Additional Info

If the
If the
predominant
predominant
ingredient in a
ingredient in a
product is not a
product is a
fragrance,
fragrance and it is Damm
Sadaqah al-Fitr is
used once. E.g.
due. However, if
using fragranced
it is used more
soap to wash
than once, Damm
your hands.
is required.

Notes:

• Unscented products should be used whilst in the state of

Ihram.

Applying Henna / Kohl

Action Expiation Additional Info

If Henna remains
for less than 12
hours, Sadaqah
al-Fitr is due.
To apply Henna
thinly to at least If Henna is
a quarter of the applied thickly
head or beard, for 12 hours or
one hand or more, two
more, or to other Damms are
Damm
parts of the body required.
that are
equivalent in size If Henna is
which remains applied thickly
there for 12 for less than 12
hours or more. hours, one
Damm and one
Sadaqah al-Fitr is
required.

To apply Henna
to the whole Damm
palm.

If scented Kohl is
To apply scented
applied more
Kohl once or Damm
than twice,
twice.
Damm is due.

Notes:

• Unscented Kohl is permissible to use and doesn’t

necessitate a penalty.

Wearing Stitched Clothing

Men must not wear clothing that is stitched / sewn /
tailored to fit the shape of the body. For example, shirts,
trousers, vests and jackets are items of fitted clothing that
take the shape of the body and must be avoided in Ihram.

There is a common misconception that any item of clothing

or footwear that contains stitches must not be worn in
Ihram. However, it is a matter of the clothing taking the
shape of the body that violates Ihram, rather than the
actual stitches in clothing. Therefore, wearing sandals or
carrying bags that contain stitches is perfectly fine in Ihram.

Action Expiation Additional Info

To wear the
clothing for less
than 12 hours,
To wear clothing Sadaqah al-Fitr is
that is stitched / due.
sewn / tailored to
Damm
fit the shape of If it is worn for
the body for 12 less than an hour,
hours or more. a handful of
wheat can be
given as Sadaqah.

Notes:

• If the Muhrim wears the stitched clothing for a number

of consecutive days, a second Damm is necessary after
one or two days.
• If a number of stitched garments are worn for a period of
time such as shirt, trousers and underwear, the penalty
will still be a single Damm.
• If an item of stitched clothing is worn in a manner in
which it is not normally worn, for example, wearing a
cloak as a loin cloth, no penalty is due. A penalty is only
due when stitched garments are worn in the manner in
which they are normally worn.
• If a person wears a stitched garment that has also been
perfumed, two Damms are due upon him; one for
wearing the stitched garment and one for using a
fragrance.
• It is permissible to cover yourself with a stitched blanket
or duvet or any other type of covering, provided that it
doesn’t cover the face or the head.
• It is permissible to wrap the lower part of the body with a
blanket, duvet or another type of covering.
• It is permissible to wear another layer of Ihram, on top of
the Ihram that is currently being worn.
• Although it is Makruh (disked), it is permissible to wear
an item of clothing such as a jacket or overcoat in such a
way that it is draped over the shoulders, as long as the
arms aren’t placed in the sleeves and the buttons / zip
remains unfastened. If the arms are placed in the sleeves
and the item of clothing is fastened, Damm will become
obligatory.
• It is permissible to wear a money belt / waist pouch /
string which helps to further secure the lower garment
of the Ihram.

Footwear
This includes shoes and socks that cover the ankle and the
top part of the foot (the shoelace area), in the case of men.
Women may wear shoes and socks in Ihram.

Action Expiation Additional Info

If the footwear is
For a man to
worn for less
wear prohibited
Damm than 12 hours,
footwear for 12
Sadaqah al-Fitr is
hours or more.
due.

Covering the Head / Face

This includes covering the head or face with something
which is generally used for this purpose such as a blanket,
cloth, hat etc. If the head or face is covered with something
that is generally not used for this purpose, such as a cup or a
plate, no penalty is incurred although this should be
avoided in any case.

Action Expiation Additional Info

If less than a
quarter of the
face / head is
covered for 12
hours or more,
For a man to Sadaqah al-Fitr is
cover at least a due.
quarter of the Damm
face or head for If a quarter of the
12 hours or more. face / head is
covered for less
than 12 hours,
Sadaqah al-Fitr is
due.

If the face / head

For a woman to
is covered for
cover the whole
Damm less than 12
face or head for
hours, Sadaqah
12 hours or more.
al-Fitr is due.

For a Muhrim to
cover the face or Incurred by the
head of another Damm Muhrim that
Muhrim who is covers.
asleep.

For the head or

face to become
Sadaqah
covered
al-Fitr
accidentally
while sleeping.

Notes:

• The forehead is counted as a quarter of the face.

• Using an umbrella or any other object for shade,
provided it does not rest on the face or the head is
permissible and doesn’t incur any penalty.
• No penalty is due on a woman who uncovers her head.
• Women may cover their faces in such a way that it does
not touch the face, if they feel the need to do so in the
presence of men.

Shaving, Cutting & Removing Hair

Action Expiation Additional Info

To remove a
quarter or more
If less than a
of the hair on the
Damm quarter, Sadaqah
head (or beard),
al-Fitr is due.
voluntarily or
otherwise.

To remove hair
If less than this
from one or both
Damm amount, Sadaqah
of the armpits or
al-Fitr is due.
below the navel.

To remove the
hair from the
chest, thigh, Sadaqah
ankle, shoulder al-Fitr
or the upper and
lower lip.

Three or less
For each
strands of hair
strand, a
fall out while If more than this
handful
scratching or amount, Sadaqah
of wheat
touching the al-Fitr is due.
as
head or are
Sadaqah.
removed.

To remove hair
Relevant
from different
penalty
areas of the body
for each
at different times
occasion
or places.

For a woman to
remove a
fingertip length If less than this
of hair (about an Damm amount, Sadaqah
inch) or more al-Fitr is due.
(before intending
to leave Ihram).

To remove the
hair outside the
Damm
boundary of the
Haram.

To remove a
quarter of the
hair before its
due time e.g. Damm
before Sa’i of
Umrah or before
the Hady of Hajj.

To cut the hair

before Rami on
Damm
the 10th of Dhul
Hijjah.

For those
To cut the hair
performing Hajj
after Rami but Damm
al-Tamattu and
before Hady.
Hajj al-Qiran.

To delay cutting
the hair until
Damm
after sunset on
12th Dhul Hijjah.

A Muhrim cutting Sadaqah

No penalty for
the hair of a non- for the
the non-Muhrim.
Muhrim. Muhrim

A non-Muhrim Damm Sadaqah al-Fitr

cutting the hair for the for the non-
of a Muhrim. Muhrim Muhrim.

Notes:

• A quarter of the hair on the head refers to the surface

area as opposed to the length of the hair.
• Give a handful of wheat of Sadaqah for every three
strands of hair that falls out during Wudhu.
• No penalty is due if hair falls out on its own, due to an
illness or during sleep.
• The stipulated penalty becomes due if hair is removed
intentionally, forgetfully or forcefully.
• If a man’s hair is less than the size of a fingertip in length,
he should perform Halq (shaving) rather than Taqsir
(trimming).
• Combing / grooming the hair should be avoided although
there is no penalty for the act of combing alone; a
penalty is only incurred if hair falls out.
• When leaving the state of Ihram, hair on other body
parts can only be removed after the hair on the head has
been shaved or trimmed. If it is done beforehand, Damm
becomes obligatory.

Clipping the Nails

Action Expiation Additional Info

The same penalty

To clip all the is due if the nails
nails of both are clipped from
Damm
hands and feet in only one hand
one sitting. and one foot in
one sitting.

To clip less than

Sadaqah
five nails in one
al-Fitr for
sitting or
each nail
separate sittings.

Notes:

• If nails are clipped at different times, a separate penalty

will be due for each instance.
• If the total value of Sadaqah is equivalent to the value of
a Damm, slightly less Sadaqah should be given.
• To remove a broken nail does not incur a penalty.

Sexual Relations

Action Expiation Additional Info

To have sexual
relations,
whether
intentionally or Hajj nullified and
forgetfully, after Damm must be
coming into Ihram repeated.
for Hajj and
before Wuquf in
Arafat.

To kiss, touch or
embrace a person
of the opposite Damm Hajj still valid.
gender with lust /
desire.

To masturbate. Damm Hajj still valid.

To have sexual
F T at any
relations E W S
point between