BAI TAP - NHIET DONG KY THUAT DUNG CHO CAC TRUONG BAI HOC KHOI KY THUAT CONG TRINH TRUONG DH Trung tam TT-TL&Thx vign 621.4 LE-M aia 2009 - ee TK00763 : | |TS. LE NGUYEN MINH BAI TAP NHIET DONG KY THUAT (Diing cho cac truéng Dai hoc khéi KY thuat Céng trinh) LF ay TRL P84 [e010 NHA XUAT BAN GIAO DUC VIET NAMBangt 10. 8. c. Chuang 2 A 1 2 3 B. ©. (Chuang 3 Muc Luc Lai néi du NHUNG KHAI NIEM CO BAN CUA NHIET DONG KY THUAT TOM TAT LY THUYET Niet 6 186 dan nd dai cia vat rén AV Khi nist thay a6 tt, dé ty 18 dn nd thé ich AV khi nhidt 8 thay ditt, An ty Ap suat NNhigt dung riéng hist va céng 6: dan vi he SI—he AnhvMy 8: nhigt 49 °F «9 8 H@ 56 dan nd dai cua vat rn He 58 dn nd thé tic fi cil chat ing & 4p suat 1 bar, nhiet 46 20% Nit dung ring va 86 mo doan nhiét cia kh ly tung Nit dung ring trung bin phu thud vao ni (Wrong Khong 0°C + 1500°C) “Théng 86 ky thuat bo dan né DHEJ-5000 “Thong $6 ky thuat bo dan nd xF Théng s6 ky thust bo dn né thé tich ‘Thong 86 vat ly cla khéng khi khd theo nhiét 46 (p = 760 mmHg) BAITAP BAIGIAIVI DU QUA TRINH NHIET DONG CUA KHI VA HOI ‘TOM TAT LY THUYET Bing céng thi cdc qué tinh nhiét dong ca ban eda khi ly tung May nén piston Cac qua tri lau dong ota khi v8 hot BAITAP BAIGIAI vi DU ‘CHU TRINH CUA CHAT KHi TOM TAT LY THUYET Céng va nhiét trong chu tinh Ham trang thai entrop Cong thie tinh toan ede chu trinh A6ng co 46 trong BAI TAP. BAIGIAIVi DU (CHU TRINH THUAN CHIEU CUA KHI THYC TOM TAT LY THUYET Nhiét cung cp cho qua trinn hoa hi ding ap ‘Théng s6 ea ho bao hoa dm ‘Chu trinh Rankine Bang s6 va d6 th cia hot ube 185 thi is cla hoi nuée BAITAP BAI GIAI vi DY CHU TRINH THIET B} LAM LANH ‘TOM TAT LY THUYET Chu tinh may lant kiGu may nén hei mot ep 16 17 19 19 20 a 24 24 24 25 25 27 3 38 38 38 38 30 40 43 51 51 51 51 51 Sssae 62 622 3 4 5 Chuang 6 8. C Chuang 7 A 1 Chi 86 higu qua nang lveng iy thuyét cla may lanh Chu trinh bom nist ‘So 6 ky thuat may lan — bom nhist (Chu trinh may lanh hap thu Céc 46 thi tgp — i cia cdc méi cht lanh BAI TAP BAI GIAI vi oy KHONG KHi AM Tom TAT LY THuYeT £86 thi d ca khong khi dm (Géc cng thc xdc din thong s6 khong Khim Cong thie qué trinh hea tron {86 thi ~_d ca khéng khi &m (t= OC - 200°C) {86 thi ~-d Moler cia khong khi dm BAITAP BAIGIAI vioU TIET KIEM NANG LUQNG TRONG CONG TRINH Tom TAT LY THUYET Higu suat toan bé qua trinh bién aéi tir nguén nang long $0 ep dén dang nang luong nang lugng eusi cing Chi 6 hieu qua nang lvong thue cia may lanh Chi s6 tiéu thu dign non ti ich hop nam cia chiller theo ARI 550/590 2003 (Hoa ki) CC8ng thie xc dinh teu thu dién cha he théng ai6u hod khong ki Tieu thu dign cla hé théng ai6u hod khéng kisi dung Chiller “Tidu thu didn cia hé thing gu hoa king khi st dung may lam lanh te ip Phu luc 7.1. Mic phu ti nhiét cho sinh hat Phu tue 7.2. H8 86 sit dung d6ng thoi k Phu luc 7.3. Day cong suat dong oo Phu tue 7.4. Théng s6 kj thuat binh dun nuée néng bang dién cla 1 $6 hang Phu luc 7.5. Thong s6 kj thudt ca 1 s6loai binh dun nude néng bang gas Phu luc 7.6. Théng s6 ca ban cia lo hoi dét than Phu lue 7.7. Thdng s6 ca ban cia loal lo hoi true uu Phu luc 7.8, Thong s6 ky thudt ca bom nhigt dn dung cung eép nuée néng Phu tue 7.9. Céng sudt céc logi bam nhiét cdng nghiép THR 040-100, 50H2 Phu luc 7.10 a. Thong s6 kj thuat may lam lanh nuée — bom nhiét cong nghiép (Chiller — Heatpump) cung cép nue lanh 7°C ode nuée néng 45°C Phu luc 7.10b. Thong s6 van hanh may lam lanh nue - bom nhiét Khi chay & ehé dé lam lanh Phu luc 7.106. Théng s6 van hanh may lam lanh nuée-— bom nist khi chay 8 ché' d6 bam nhiét Phu luc 7.14a. Théng s6 kj thudt ca may lam lanh née. gai nit gi6 (Air cooled chiller) Phu luc 7.11b. Théng s6 van hanh cia may lam lanh nuée giai nhit oid Phy luc 7.12 Thong 36 ky thuat may lam lan nude gid niet nude (Water cooled chiller) cung cp nude lant 7°C Phu luc 7.13. Thong s6 ky that cda thap gia hit Phu luc 7.14. Biéu 46 gia dién trong ngay Phu luc 7.15. B&c tinh nhigt ca 1m? binh tich lanh BAITAP BAI GIAI vi py TAILIEU THAM KHAO 63 64 64 65. 68 75 s8sr 80 80 81 e888 i 1 a eo 92 S888 95 95 98 101 102 104 108 107 109 at 113 113 114 116 143LOI NOI DAU Cudn “Bai tap nhiét déng k¥ thuat” dug bién soan dua trén noi dung gido trink ‘Nhiét dong hy thugt” do Nha xudt bin Gido duc xudt ban thang 5 - 2008, dang dugc siz dung trong chwong trinh dao tao ky su d Triténg Dai hoc Xay dung ctia cdc nganh: Xay dung, Hé théng thiét bi cong trinh, Nang ligng va méi trong, Cap thodt nude, Cong nghé vat ligu xdy dung... Dé dap iting duge yéu céu hoc tép cia sinh vién va déi mdi ndi dung dao tao hé Dai hoe, sich c6 cau trie cée chuwong twong tng vdi cudn ly thuyét nham gop phan téng cwing hiéu qué trong viée trang bi cde kién thite nhiét dong k3 thuat. Ngoai ra, ngi dung sich con co phén tom tat ly thuyét, tai ligu tra citu va ede bai tap 06 gidi sén dé’ sinh vién c6 thé lam bai tap mét cach dé dang hon. Sinh vién c6 thé sit dung cudn bai tap nay lam tai liéu trong khi thi, tit d6 co thé nang cao va md réng ngi dung phan ly thuyét. Cae s6'ligu trong bai tap da duge la chon phis hop vdi céc tai liéu ky thuGt gitip sinh vién cé thé lam quen vdi nhiing tinh todn tiét kiém nang lugng ciia mon Nhiét dong ky thudt, Téc gid xin chan thanh cam on su gitip dd ctia b6 mon Nang lugng va moi truding dé'cé thé hodn thanh cuén sdch nay. Trong qué trinh bién soan khong trénh khéi nhitng sai sot, rat mong nhan duge swt gép ¥ ciia ban doc. Nhiing y kién gop ¥ xin giti vé dia chi email: nhattrung@fpt.vn, hode Céng ty Co phan Sach Dai hoc - Day nghé, 25 Han Thuyén, Ha Noi. TAC GIAChong 1 NHUNG KHAI NIEM CO BAN CUA NHIET DONG KY THUAT A—TOMTATLY THUYET 1, Nhiet do T(K) = (°C) + 273,15 = (°C) +273 T (K) — Nhiét d6 tuyét déi t (°C) — Nhiét 46 Celsius fas Brees tC) = 5[TCF) -32] T (°F) — Nhiét d6 Fahrenheit Aat(*C) = AT(K) 2. D6 dan né dai cia vat ran Al khi nhiét d6 thay déi tir t, dén t, Ar=lag|P(t,—t) (m) J, ~ Chiéu dai vat rn 6 t, a. |') - Hé 86 dan né dai ctia vat ran trong khoang nhiét d6 t, > t, difge xac dinh nhu sau: 3. D6 dan no thé tich AV khi nhiét do thay déi tir t, dén t, AV = Vip (te —t) (em?) V, — Thé tich chat long 3 t, 8, || — H s6 din né thé tich trung binh trong khoang nhiét d6 t, > t, duge xac dinh nhu sau: Bole te ~Belsth Balt eu (1K) 4. Ap suat ha + Pa P= Pig Par p — Ap suat tuyét déi cia chat khi; p,_~ Ap suat khi quyén; p.~ Ap suat du; Pa 26 chan khéng. Khi si dung cc céng thite thiét lap theo phuong trinh trang thai khi ly tung thi 4p sudt duoc tinh bang (Nim? ~ pascal)5. Nhiét dung riéng Nhiét dung rigng thye: C= a 1 a ae Cy,» Co-x, fa nhiét dung riéng trung binh trong khoang nhiét dO tir 0 > t, va O->t,. Nhiét dung riéng trung binh trong khoang nhiét do t, >t, : C, (Cote Cot) i 8 C, — Nhiét dung riéng dang 4 Gi véi khi ly tudng: \g riéng dang ap. C, — Nhiét dung riéng dang tich. k-1 ‘Don vi cla nhiét dung riéng: nhi8t dung riéng khéi Iugng (J/kg.K), nhiét dung riéng thé tich (uim?,..6), nhiét dung riéng kilémol (J/kmol.K). 6. Nhiét va céng Tinh nhit Iugng theo nhiét dung riéng: Q=G.C.At=V,.C.At=M.C,,.At Trong d6: Q = Nhiét lugng (J) C=: Nhiét dung riéng khdi Ivong (J/kg.k), C’ _: Nhiét dung riéng thé tich (J/ m’,..K). C,.._ : Nhigt dung ring kilémol (Jkmol.K). G__: Khéi lugng chat khi (kg). Vie Thé tich 6 diéu kién tiéu chudn (t, = 0°C, p, = 760 mmHg) (m’,,); M_ : $6 kil6mol. At=t,-t, : Su thay di nhiét 46 (°C). * ae * “ % a J — Cong thay déi thé ti at khi: 1 = fal = [pdv (4) ‘ong thay déi thé tich cla chat khi j Jo Nv sae 5 J = Cong ky thuat: /, J-vee i ~ Quy uéc dau cita nhiét lugng va cng thay déi thé tich nh sau: * CMG nhan nhiét: Q>0 + CMG nha nhiét: Q <0 + CMG dan né (sinh céng): L > 0 * CMG bi nén (nhan céng): L <0Bang 1.1. Déi don vi hé SI- hé Anh / My 0,3937 in (inch) 1 2.5400 cm 3.2808 ft 1 0,3048 om 41,0936 yard 1 0.9144 m 0.6214 —mile(statute) | 1 mile(statute) 1,60934 km 05396 Seemeile 1 Seem = 1,85318 km 1 om = 0,1550 1 sqin = 64516 om? = 10,7639 sqft 1_sqtt 0.0929 m f 1 om 0.06102 cuin [1 cuin 16,387 cm? 1 dm? = 61,024 1 cut 28,317 dm 11 0.03531 1 cuyard 0.7646 om? 61,026 1 gal (brit) 4546 0.21998 1 gal(am) 3,785 0.26428 1g = 0.03527 oz 74 grain 2 0.0648 g = 15,432 grain 1 oz 2835 og 1 kg = 22048 Ib(av) 1 tb 16 oz = 04536 kg | 7000 grains wt = 0,984 ong tons = 1,102 shorttons 1. long tons (brit) = 1016 kg 1 kgim? = 0,06243Ibfeutt 1. short ton (USA) 2000 Ib= 907, 2kg 1 bleu ft 16,0185 kgim® 1 gikg = 7,0 grainitb 1 grainvib 0.1428 gikg | 4 gm = 0,437 grain cuft 1 grain’ cut 2.2884 1 gin? = 2,855 ton/ sq mile 1 ton sq mile 0,3503 TOC BO VA LUU LUONG ft 196,65 fmin 1 fUmin 0,508 | 1 keh = 06214 mph 1 mph 1,60934 1mm 4403 gal/min(am) — | 1 gal/min(am,) (gpm) 0,227 = 3,666 gal/min(brit) | 1. gal/min(brit.) (gpm) 0,273 1mm 0.5886 cuftimin-(cfm)_ | 1 cufmin-(cfm) 28,317 41,700 40 kg = 0.0367 __tbymin 4 tbimin 27216