CBT - Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Mental Health "Psychiatric Care"

Pathophysiology
Kaplan Question
CBT is a common type of psychotherapy (talk therapy). It helps clients reframe
A client states ... “I travel only
their thought processes in order to slowly cope with stress & anxiety, helping by train because I am terrified
of flying.” ... the phobic client
to treat many disorders from PTSD & OCD, to eating disorders like anorexia & is most likely to respond to
bulimia, and even depressive disorders. which intervention?
• Systematic desensitization

5 CBT Strategies NCLEX TIP Systematic desensitization

1. Learn about the disorder
2. Exposure: Desensitization
to situations & events
(behavioral strategies)
3. Self-observation & monitor
4. Relaxation techniques
5. Teaching new coping skills &
Techniques to reframe thinking
(Cognitive restructuring)
Systematic desensitization
HESI Question
Q1: A nurse teaches ... examining
negative thoughts and
restating them in positive
ways. The technique is call:
• Cognitive reframing
Q2: The nurse is teaching
Gradual exposure to a phobia or traumatic event cognitive reframing ... to
counteract depression.
which helps to desensitize the client to the major Which response by the
patient indicates effective
stress & anxiety & at the same time administer teaching by the nurse?
relaxation techniques. • “I have many friends who
love me and care for me.”

Guided Imagery Biofeedback

Guided imagery is a mind-body intervention where Biofeedback is just like guided imagery, but the key
clients concentrate on mental images to help reduce difference is that machines are used to help the mind
stress, anxiety, & improve concentration. focus, sort of like virtual reality

ATI Question
Q1: Which of the following have been
ATI Question
shown to be advantages of using
guided imagery? A nurse is providing
Select all that apply. education to student nurses
• Finding relaxation and inner peace about non-pharmacological
• Solving complicated problems
• Improving concentration
modalities of pain control.
Which best describes
Q2: Which of the following information biofeedback?
should the nurse include about
guided imagery? • Teaching the body to
• It concentrates on descriptive respond differently to
mental pictures to treat stress of other stimuli
pathological conditions

Therapeutic Milieu Group Therapy KAPLAN Question

Q1: The nurse understands which is the
This provides a safe & secure environment for clients that Goal primary benefit of group therapy?
• Groups reduce isolation in structured,
are in therapy. It’s basically the goal of every behavioral Reduce isolation &
controlled environments
Q2: The client with depression joins an
health or psych unit in the clinical setting. Clients are Communicate acceptance ongoing therapy group. Which is the
goal of group therapy?
encouraged to freely roam around in the social • To communicate acceptance to

environment. Problem? the client

• Allow the group to handle it HESI Question

• Silent member: encourage ... one participant ... interrupts others
Kaplan Question interaction, then divide
when they are talking. What is the best
action ... to take in this situation?
Psychiatric inpatient setting: which
description is the best for milieu therapy?
groups into pairs • Allow the group to handle the problem

• Aggressive member:
• Providing a therapeutic physical and
social environment address the anger & separate ATI Question
in another room
HESI Question Q1: Group therapy: Which of
the following is the primary
Primary goal of milieu therapy for patients focus of group therapy?
diagnosed with personality disorders? • Personal feelings that
• Managing the effect of the behavior on
affect behavior
the entire group

ATI Question
Q2: Group therapy: Which
response should the nurse
... how to establish a therapeutic milieu on make to a client’s
the unit? aggressive statement?
• Orient new clients to their environments,
rights, and responsibilities • “You seem very upset.”