KABUL CLIMATE REPORT

Hekmatullah Wardak
02.04.2024
Global geography
INTRODUCTION
Kabul, the capital city of Afghanistan, is

situated in a geographically significant

location that influences its climate. This report

will explore the six factors of climate and how

they impact the weather patterns in Kabul.

FACTORS INFLUENCING KABUL'S CLIMATE:

LATITUDE:
● Kabul is located at approximately 34.53°
N latitude, placing it in the mid-
latitudes.
● This location results in distinct seasonal
changes, with hot summers and cold
winters.

OCEAN CURRENTS:
● Kabul is landlocked and does not directly
experience the influence of ocean
currents.
● However, distant ocean currents can
indirectly affect Kabul's climate
through their impact on global weather
patterns.

AIR MASSES & WIND:

● Kabul's climate is influenced by the
movement of air masses from the west.
● In winter, cold, dry air masses from
Central Asia bring frigid temperatures,

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 while in summer, hot, dry air masses
dominate.
● The "Kabul Wind," a local wind pattern,
can further impact temperatures and
precipitation.

ELEVATION:
● Kabul is located at a high elevation,
approximately 1,800 meters (5,900 feet)
above sea level.
● This high elevation contributes to
Kabul's continental climate, with
significant daily and seasonal
temperature variations.

RELIEF:
● Kabul is surrounded by mountains,
including the Hindu Kush range to the
north.
● These mountains play a crucial role in
Kabul's climate by blocking or diverting
weather systems, leading to varied
precipitation patterns.

NEARNESS TO WATER:
● While Kabul is not directly adjacent to a

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 large body of water, it is relatively close
to the Amu Darya and Indus rivers.
● The proximity to these rivers can
influence regional climate patterns,
although the direct impact on Kabul is
limited.

TYPE OF CLIMATE:

● Based on the factors above, Kabul has a

continental climate, characterized by hot
summers and cold winters.
● The city experiences a wide range of
temperatures throughout the year, with
relatively low precipitation.

CONCLUSION: Kabul's climate is shaped by a

combination of its geographic location,

elevation, and surrounding terrain. The city's

continental climate results in distinct seasonal

changes, with hot summers and cold winters.

Understanding these factors is essential for

predicting and adapting to Kabul's climate.

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