ThS> NGUYEN VAN NHO

CAU HOI VA BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM

TOAN THCS

NHA X U A T BAN DAI H O C S U PHAM

 L6I NOI DAU

N h v t n g n S m g a n d a y , cac b a i t a p trSc n g h i e m d a x u ^ t h i e n
n g a y c a n g n h i e u t r o n g cac s a c h t h a m k h a o p h o t h o n g . H i n h t h u c thi
trdc nghiem (mviltiple-choice e x a m s ) da t h u c s u p h o b i e n t a i nhi4u
n d i t r e n t h e g i 6 i v a n g a y c a n g c h i i n g t o dufpc t i n h h i e u q u a ciia l o a i
h i n h n a y . C h u n g t o i d a c6 d i p g i o i t h i e u n h i l u b a i t h i trSc nghiem
cho hoc s i n h g i o i cac t i n h t h a n h hoSc qu6c g i a n h i f t h ^ t r o n g muc
Nhin ra thk gidi t r o n g cac so bao T o a n T u o i t h o 2 ( d a n h cho THCS).

E l i i l a m b a i t h i trSc n g h i e m , thut t i i c a u h o i h i t h a y doi doi v 6 i

' h a i t h i s i n h n g o i g a n n h a u , n e n c6 t h e t r a n h diJdc c h u y e n n h i n b a i
n h a u . M S t k h a c , do y e u t o t h d i iiidng,., cac hoc s i n h c u n g k h o n g du
t h d i g i a n de c6 t h e g i u p d d n h a u . B e n c a n h do, viec c h a m b a i l a c o n g
v i e c doc l a p v d i giao v i e n bo m o n , no duoc t h u c h i e n b S n g m a y t i n h ,
n e n hoc s i n h c6 t h e a n t a m r S n g k h o n g c6 t r i i o n g h d p t h i e n v i hoSc
n h a m I a n cua g i a o v i e n .

M o t vfu d i l m n 6 i b a t cua viec t h i trSc n g h i e m , do l a , do s6 c a u

h o i k h a n h i e u , n e n l i i d n g k i e n t h u c m a hoc s i n h can I m h h o i se p h a i
CO m a t h a u n h i i k h S p n d i t r o n g b a i t h i , v a d i e u d a n g n o i r S n g neu
k h o n g t h i i c sif n S m v i i n g cac k i e n t h u c do, hoc s i n h se k h o n g de g i
t r a 161 hoSc c h o n k e t q u a d u n g . N g o a i r a , k h o n g d o n t h u a n l a kien
thuc, m o t so b a i t a p c u n g d o i h o i khd ndng suy luqn cao de d a t d e n
k e t q u a . C h i con m o t v a n de p h a i b a n , c h i n h l a , cac c a u h o i p h a i difdc
b i e n s o a n sao cho m i i c do m a y r u i t r o n g viec t h i i c h o n c i i a hoc sinh
d i i d c g i a m trvf d e n m i i c c6 t h e difdc.

T r o n g cu6n sach nay, d l soan nhiJng cau h o i n h u the, c h i i n g

t o i sijf d u n g nhi4u t a i l i e u h e n q u a n , dSc b i e t l a cac t a i l i e u t r e n
I n t e r n e t , t u y nhien, v ^ n t u a n t h i i theo luong k i ^ n thiic va t h i i t u
chvfdng m u c m a sach giao khoa mdi n S m 2 0 0 5 d a t r i n h bay. Tuy

Ma so: 57/75 n h i e n , do c h i bao g 6 m t r o n g m o t t a p sach [khdc vdi hai tap nhU sach
giao khoa), n e n c h i i n g t o i t r i n h b a y p h ^ n Dcii so g 6 m b o n c h u o n g h e n
t i g p , v a c u n g v a y , cho p h a n Hinh hoc.
 Su6t ca 8 chifdng cua quyin sach nay, mot each th6ng nh^t,
moi chUdng diicJc chia lam ba ph4n A, B, C:

A. De bai trie nghiem kien thClc va thong hieu: Bao gom cac cau
h6i kiem tra kien thirc c3n bin, cung nhu viec thong hieu tan tinh
de van dung cac kien thiJc do. Chung toi dung tu thong hieu 6
day, khong phii mot each sang tao, ma chi'nh la dung lai theo tai
lieu Hudng dan soan thao cau hoi trac nghiem cua tap the tac
gii, do TS. Duong Thieu Tong chu bien\

B. De bai trie nghiem ki ning tinh toan va kha n^ng suy luan
cao: Bao gom cac cau hoi kho hon phan A, doi hoi hpc sinh ti'nh
toan thanh thao, nam vOng cac c6ng thCrc d§ hpc (ci 6 I6p dudi)
va suy nghrnhieu hon.

C. Dap an va hudng dan: Dap an cho cau t r i idi, hudng dan v^n
t^t qua trinh suy luan hoac tinh toan de c6 ket qui nhu dap an.

M&c du da c6 gSng, nhiing kho c6 the tranh difdc nhiJng tliieu 1. C A N B A C HAI, C A N B A G B A
sot. Chiing toi hi vpng ban doc tim thay ndi day nhiing dieu bo Ich va 2. H A M S6 B A C NHAT
tan tinh gop y de Ian in sau cuon sach se tot hon. 3. H E P H U O N G T R J N H B A C N H A T HAI A N
4. HAMS6 Y = AXMA^O)
Xin chan thanh cam dn.
P H U O N G T R J N H B A C B A C HAI M O T A N

Thang 3 nSm 2005

ThS. Nguyin Van Nho

^ Trung tarn hpc lieu, Nha khao thi, Sal Gon, 1973.
 1.6. Tim cau sai trong 4 cau sau day.
(A) So a = 0 CO can bac hai duy nhat la 0.
CAN BAG HAI, C A N BAC BA (B) N4U 0 < a < b thi ^fa < ^/h , diu bang trong bat dang thuc
• ' •
nay xay ra khi va chi khi a = b.
(C) N4U Va < Vb thi 0 < a < b .
(D) Mot so dudng khong the c6 can bac hai la so am.
T R A C NGHIEM KI^N THUC VA THONG HIEU
(E) Trong cac cau tren c6 it nhat mot cau sai.
1.7. De so sanh -7 va - \/47 , mot hoc sinh lam nhvf sau.
Trong cac de bai cua sach nay, neu khong noi gi them, ta ngam (1) Tac6(-7)2 =49.
hieu la chpn cau dung trong tat c^ cac cau.
(2) (-v/47 )- = 47.
(3) 49>47.
1.1. Can bac hai cua mot so a khong am la mot so x sao cho (4) Vay-7 > -N/47 .
(A)a = x^ (B)x = - a 2 ( C ) x - a = 0 (D)x = 2a Lap luan nhii tren:
(E) Cac cau tren deu sai. (A) Diing hoan toan.
(B) Sai tu dau.
1.2. B i 6 t Vx + 2 = 2, t h i thi (x + if bang :
(C) Sai tu giai doan (2).
(A) 42 (B) 2 (C)4 (D)8 (E) 16.
(D) Khong dung, vi dang le phai viet (-7)" = -49.
1.3. Cho so a > 0. Cau nao sau day la cau sai? (E) Sai tu giai doan (4).
(A) 4~a la can bac hai so hoc cua so khong am a. Trong cac cau tren, em hay tim cau diing nhat.
(B) So a CO hai cSn bac hai la \/a > 0 va - \/a < 0. 1.8. Trong mot can thiic:
(C) Mot trong hai cau (A) va (B) la cau sai. (A) Diidi mot dau can chi c6 the chua so hoac chi chua chiJ,
(D) Co it nhat mot trong hai cau (A) va (B) la cau dung.
khong the dong thdi chiia ca hai loai.
1.4. Trong cac so sau thi so nao la cSn bac hai so hoc cua 9: (B) Dudi mot dau can chi c6 the chua cac can thiic khac.
(C) Duoi mot dau can chi cd the chiia mot phan so.
(D) Ca ba cau tren deu sai.
(.A) ^ . . I ? (B, - ^ . J f (C) ^ . - J? (E) Dudi met dhu can c6 t h i chiia s6, chiia chu, hoac c6 the
(D)Cab6ns6 (E) Khong c6 so nao. chua ca nhung dau can khac, cung vdi cac phep tinh sd hoc.
1.9. Tinh ^'(1 - ^ 3 ) ' • K6t qua:
1.5. Co bao nhieu so thiic x sao cho ^/-(x + 1)' la mot so thuc ?
( A ) l - \ (B) x/3-1 (C)±(^/3-l) (D)2 (E) Mot k^t qua khac.
(A) khong s6 nao (B) mot (C) hai
(D) nhieu hdn hai so (E) v6 so. 1.10. Tim X dh can thuc sau c6 nghia:
I [ -1 n ^

a) v/-3x + 4 ; b) . — ; oVa'+x".
() • ,„ ,^ ,, V- 2 + .V
 (A) a) x < ^ b ) x < 2 c)x > 0.
< K I I>oi giai tren sai t u giai doan (4).
4
('hoii ])liat bieu dung.
(B) a) X < - b) X < 2 c) X 0.
( A ) X dupe gpi la lUOng lien hiep cua bieu thiic Y c6 chiiu can
4 thuc. iicu XY khong con ddu can, do do, ludng lien hiep cua
(C) a) X > - b) X < 2 c) X la mpi so thuc. X A - \ la \ - V B , v i k h i nhan vdi nhau, chiing c6 dang b i n h
phudng, se m a t dau can.
4
(D) a) X < - b) X < 2 c) X la moi so thuc. (Bj X dude gpi la lUgng lien hiep cua bieu thiic Y c6 chu'a can
3
thuc, neu XY Id mot so nguyen, do do, ludng lien hiep cua Vl7 la
(E) Ca 4 ket qua tren deu sai. vi7.
(Cj X dude goi la lUong lien hiep cila bieu thUc Y c6 chUci can
1.11. T i m x d l yj{-2x + \f = 3 .
tliiic, neu X Y la binh phUdng cua mot can thuc, do do, ludng lien hiep
Mot hoc sinh tien hanh nhu sau: Ta c6
cua ^'A^ - / B la V A - V B .
yj{-2x + 1 ) " = - 2 x + 1 = 3, suy ra x = - 1 .
(D) X dude gpi la lugng lien hiep cua bieu thiic Y c6 chila can
( A ) Lbi giai tren da lam thieu di mot nghiem. thiic, neu X Y khong con ddu can, do do, ludng lien hiep cua
( B ) Loi giai tren dung hoan toan.
\ + \ la ( V m + V n ) ( V m - v ' n ) .
(C) Ldi giai tren cho ket qua sai, vi phudng trinh c6 nghiem
duy nhat bang 1. (E) X dude gpi la luong lien hiep cua bieu thiic Y c6 chiixt can
(D) Loi giai tren sai, vi phudng trinh v6 nghiem, do ve t i a i la thiic, neu X Y khong con ddu can, do dp, ludng lien hiep cua
so v6 t i , con ve phai la so huu t i .
v'^A - V B la yfK + V B va ludng lien hiep cua V A + V I ^ la
(E) Trong 4 cau tren, chi c6 hai cau dung.
1.12. Cho a > 0 va b > 0, mot hoc sinh chiing minh \/a.\/b - ± v a.b - 4^ , vdi dieu kien cac can thiic do c6 nghia.
nhvi sau.
1.14. Can bac ba ciia mpt SP a la mpt SP X sao cho x"' = a, k i hieu
Chiing minh:
X - v a . Chpn phat bieu sai:
(1) Dat M = Va.^^, N = ^/a!b , ta c6:
(A) Mpi so thuc deu c6 duy nhat mpt cSn bac ba tudng ling.
M- = (Va.x/b )(Va.Vb ) = ^fi\.^fa.S.S - ab ,
( B ) M p i so thuc a m deu cp i t nhat mpt c^n bac ba.
va = \/ab.Vab = ab, ( C ) M p i s6 thuc dudng khac 0 deu cp mpt can bac ba tudng
(2) S u y r a M 2 = N^. ling.
(3) T { i d 6 , M = I N I . (D) M o i s6 nguyen d4u c6 duy rvhkt mpt c i n bac ba.
(4) Vay Va.Vb = ±Va!b . (E) C P i t n h ^ t mpt trong b6n phat b i l u eon l a i la mpt phat
( A ) Ldi giai tren dung hoan toan. bieu sai.
( B ) Ldi giai tren sai t i i giai doan (1). 1.15. Chpn phat b i l u sai trpng cac phat b i l u sau day.
(C) Ldi giai tren sai tix giai doan (2). (A)' N^u a < b t h i ^/a < Vb .
(D) Ldi giai tren sai t i i giai doan (3).
(B) Voi mpi a, b, ta CP Va.Vb = 'I'ab .

8
9
 , Va fa (D) l i . ^ (E) M o t so hu-u t i bat k i .
(C) V6i moi a, b ta co ^7=. = 3/— . 25 9
Vh Vb
(D) Ca hai phat bieu A, B deu diing. 1.21. T i m cau sai trong cac cau sau.
(A) Vol moi a, b, ta co
(E) Co i t nhat mot phat bieu trong cac phat bidu t r e n la dung.
V a T b ^ \fa + ^Ih , V a - b = Va - \/b .
1.16. Cong thuc nao sau day diing:
(B) Trong t r u o n g hop dSc biet, co the co
(A) a-b = (Va-Vb)(V? + V ^ + V ? ) Va + b = sfa + ^Ib , V a - b = Va - \/b .

(B) a - b = (Va' + V b ) ( V a ^ - V ^ + V b ^ ) (C) Gia su a < 0 va b < 0. Luc do ta co the viet

a V^
(C) a + b = ( V ^ - V b ) ( V ? + V ' ^ + \/l?)
Vb V=^'
(D) a-b = (V^-Vb)(-Va^ + V ^ - V b ^ )
(D) T a l u 6 n c 6 \ / A ^ = | A | V B (B>0).
(E) a - b = (-V^ + V b ) ( V a ^ + V ^ + V ? ) .
1.22. T i n h \ / 2 8 a V ^ , ta duoc ket qua
1.17. Luong hen hiep cua lj.\-\fa la
( A ) 4a-b ( B ) 2x/7a-b
(A) y^+v^ * (B) iV^-)- +v^+(}j7,)-
(C)-2V7a-b • (D) |b|a-V28
•(C) v^-v^ (D) (V>^)--</^+a/^)2
(E) Khong xac d i n h duoc.

1.23. Cac phat bi4u nao sau day diing:

1.18. T i n h yflO.SO; x/3^.V27^; 736.100.0,25; Vsi.a" .
( A ) A V B = \ / A S ( A > 0 , B>0)
Ket qua l a n ludt la cac so
( B ) A V B = \ / A ^ ( A < 0 , B>0)
(A) 10, 9a, 20, 9a. (B) 10, 9a, 30, 9a.
(C) 10, 9a, 40, 9a. (D) 20, 9a, 20, 9a. (C) A V B = A / A ^ (A>0. V B )

(E) Cac cau t r e n deu sai. ( D ) A VB = ( A ^ 0 , B ^ 0)

Trong cong thiic (E) A V B = % / A ^ ( V A . V B )

1.19. ^ , ta phai hieu la
b S
1.24. T i n h - 0,05V28800 , ta duoc k4t qua la:
(A) a la s6 thuc t u y y, b 0. (B) a > 0, b > 0.
(C)atuyy,b>0. ^ ( D ) a > 0, b > 0. (A) 6x/2 (B) ^(0,05)-.28800

(E) Ca 4 cau tren deu sai. (C)-6V2 (D)-3V2 (E) 3V2.

121 116a' J.25. Cac phat b i l u nao sau day diing:

1.20. Cho a < 0. T i n h + yj—- • Ket qua la A B V A B
A V B
(B>0)
(A) ( A B ^ O . B > 0 ) . ~j^ =
B
I B ^ '
|B|
(Ajli.i^- ,B,ii-l^ (cl^.i:^ V A B _A_ A V B
J A B (B^O)
25 9 25 9 21 9 (B) ( A B > 0 , B;^0),
B
I B ^ IBi

10
 I A B V A B A _ A V B
(C) ( A B > 0 , B;^0), (B>0)
I B ' - - |B| VB " B
(2) P < - - — <---<=>9>Vx+3<=>Vx <6
I A B _ V A B A A V B X +3 3
(D) (AB>0, B^O), (VB)
I B ' - - |B| B «0<x<36.
I A B _ V A B _ A V B
(E)
A
- (AB>0,B^O), (B>0) (3) Vay t a t ca cac gia t r i cua x de P< - - la 0 < x < 36.
B^ B X/B ' B

Ldi giai t r e n , theo em, diing hay sai, neu sai, t h i sai t u giai
1.26. Tinh
loan nao?
( A ) Ldi giai dung hoan toan.
(B) L d i giai c6 lap l u a n vung vang, t u y nhien, ket qua khong
Cac k e t qua cho bdi n h u n g s6 tudng l i n g n h u sau (chon cau diing): dung v i dS t i n h toan sai 6" g i a i doan (2).
(A)6; 7lal ; - ; 4; 5; " ' ' (C) Sai tvf giai doan (1).
11 (D) Sai t i f giai doan (3).
(B)6; 7lal ; 4; 5; i a (E) Sai ca ba giai doan.

1.29. Xac d i n h cau dung:

(C) 3 ; - 7 a ; 4 ; 5 ; i a
(A) 5^6 > 6V5 (B) 5^6 = 6-V5

(D)3; 7; 4; 5;
2|a (C) 5V6 < 6^5 (D) 5^6 - 6-V5 > 1
11 (E) 6V5 - 5-V6 > 12.
(E)6; 17; 4; 5; 8a.
1.30. A duoc goi la can bac n cua B neu A " = B.
1.27. T i m h a i s6 a, b sao cho ' Chon cau sai trong cac phat bieu:
Va + b = Va + /b va Va^b = Va - Vb . ( A ) M o t s6 A > 0 CO h a i c i n bac 2n, k i hieu ^ V A , - " V A .
Chon cau sai trong cac cau sau. (B) M o t s6 A hit k i c6 mot can bac 2n + 1, k i hieu -""*"VA .
( A ) b = 0, a = 0 . ( B ) b = 0, a > 0 . (C) Doi vdi mot so thuc, cSn bac le luon ton t a i .
(C) b = 0, a < 0 . (D) D6i voi s6 A > 0, t a cung goi " V A la can bac 2n so hoc
(D) b = 0, a l a s6 difong b^t k i . (E) b = 0, a = 3,57 . cua A .
(E) Ta luon c6 ( ' V A = A va ' ( A " = A voi mpi s6 nguyen n > 2
1.28. De giai bai toan Tim tat cd cac gid trixddP< - vdi:
va moi so thuc A .
P= .2Vx ^ Vx 3x + 3 2/x - 2
1.31. De r u t gon bieu thufc:
(Vx+3 /x-3 x-9 X - j
A = a"'(a-b)- , a^ b,
mot hoc sinh da t i l n hanh n h u sau. a-b
(1) R i i t gon P, ta dude P = ~^ mot hoc sinh tien hanh nhU sau:
X +3 a^(a-b)-=^
.(1) Ta c6: a-b
12
a-b
 TRAC N G H I E M KT N A N G TINH TOAN
(2)Dod6, A = r ^ . ( a - b ) = a-. VA KHA NANG S U Y LUAN CAO
a-b
Loi giai t r e n , theo em, dung hay sai, neu sai, t h i sai t u giai
/

doan nao?
(A) Loi giai dung hoan toan.
1.36. Cho hik yjs la s6 v6 t i . Suy ra
9
4_

9
la so
V " y
(B) Ldi giai sai t i l giai doan (1).
( C ) Sai t\i giai doan (1) v i phai gia t h i ^ t them a > 0 va (A) v6 t i (B) h u u t i (C) s6 nguyen (D) s6 thap phan
a - b > 0. (E) s6 thap phan v6 han t u a n hoan.
(D) Sai t u g i a i doan (2).

1.37. TinhN=^^^^ 7 = = V3-2V2.

1.32. Cho b i l u thuc P -
X'-^fx \/x" + X + x V x VV5+I
(A) P CO nghia k h i x ^ 1. 4~5
(A) 1 (B)2N/2-1 (C)
(B) P CO nghia k h i x < 1.
(C) P CO nghia k h i x > 1. (E) mot dap so khac.
(D) P CO nghia k h i x > 0 va x 1.
(E) P CO nghia k h i 0 < x < 1. 1.38. Cho b i l u thuc A = \ . L a m th§ nao de bien m a u

1.33. Ngu ( - 2 + x^)^^ = 1 t h i X bang bao nhieu? s6 t h a n h 23 ? Co cac y k i l n n h u sau, chon y k i e n dung.
(A)-2 (B) 2 (C) VS (A) Khong t h i thuc hien diioc, v i m^u la so v6 t i .
(D) x/3 hoSc - ^ 3 (E) M o t kk qua khac. (B) Co t h i k h i do, t u b a n g / 2 + \/3 + A/6 .

(C) Co t h i , k h i do, t i i bang (V2 + V3 + S f •

1.34. x/>r^ > 0 va X - 1-3 9i 0 voi
(A) x>lvax^lO (B) x>lvax^lO (D) Co t h i , k h i do, tijt bang 7^2 .

(C) x<lvax>10 (D) x<lvax^lO (E) Co t h i , k h i do, tiJ bang (V2 + V3 + \/6)(2V6 + 1 ) .

(E) M o t k§t qua khac.

1.39. Tinh t =
1.35. Choa=7 + 2v/6,b= 7-2x/6.
(A) a > 0 va b < 0 (B) a > 0 va b > 0 (A) (1 - ^ ) (2 - N/2 ) (B)(l- V2 )

( C ) { 1 + ^ ) ( 1 - N/2 ) ( D ) ( l + ^ ) ( 1 + V2 )
(C) a<Ovab<0 (D) a < 0 va b > 0
(E) a < b. (E)-(l+ V2)(l+ V2).

1.40. Tinh M =\Ocr -4jUki +4 vdi a=^ ^-+^ — . Ket qua:

(A) 3/8 (B) 17 (C)25

 (D) 3^/8 (E)-24. (A.LO (B,i (C) - (D)-- (E)4-'-.
3 3 3
1
1.41. N6ux<0thi |x-7(x-l)- I bing 1.47. Tinh: A = + 1.
^/5-^/2 V5+V2
(A)l (B)l-2x (C)-2x-l ( D ) l + 2x K6t qua cho nhiJ sau, hay chon ket qua dung:
1
1.42. Tinh
5 +S+ 5-V5
1= - N/TO . Kk
( A ) - ( B ) - - (CJ4 (D)-4 (E)
qua la: 9 9
5-V5 5 + V5
(A)3+N/10 ( B ) 5 + N/iO (C)3-vJ 1.48. T i n h s/7 + 2v/T0-\/7^^27i^.
(D) M o t s6 am (E) 3 + / 2 . Ket qua cho n h u sau, hay chon ket qua dung:
V3
1.43.' Sau k h i h u u t i hoa t u so ciia dang don i;ian iih;iL (A)-2V2 (B)-- (C) 2V2 (D)

ciia mau so la: 1.49. T i n h gia t r i cua bieu thiic:

(A) v/3(V3 + V2) ( B ) v/3(V3-v/2) (C) 3-x:.v2 Vx-2v2 /x + 2v/2
C = -,
(D) 3 + ^/6 (E) Cac cau tren deu sai. X--4XN/2+8 V X - + 4 X V ' 2 4-8

2 3 15 k h i X = 3.
1.44. Tinh . K e t qua la:
. V ^ - 1 • + V——
3-2 +3•- ^ / 3 j 5 + ^/3 (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (Ej 5.

<A)- (B) 3 + V2 (C) 3-v/2

1.50. Tinh: A = +1
X/TWU + I V7 + V 2 4 - I ,
(D) ~ 2 - j 2 (E) 3%/2.
(A)A=^/3+2v^ (B) A = V ' ' 5 + N/2 (C) A = V 5 - / 2
1.45. Cho hai bieu thiic
(D) A = V3 + V 2 (E)Motk^tquakhac.
. a-Vb x/b . ^ 1 -ava 1-Va
A = — : 1= va B =
Vb a+Vb i - va 1-a 1.51. T i n h ^/i40V2 - 57J - ^/40^/2 + 57 . K6t qua la

H a y chon phat bieu dung. (A) Mot s6 nguyen am ( B ) M o t so nguyen duong;.

(A) Ta luon luon c6 A = 5 va B = 4. (C)-ll (D)12
(B) Ta luon luon c6 A = 0 va B = 3. (E) Khong phai so nguyen.
(A) Ta luon luon c6 A = 5 va B = 4.
2 x" - Vx X" + vx + X + 1 .
1.52. Cho M =
•(D) V6i a > 0 , a ^ 1 va b > 0, ta CO A = — - 1 va B = 1. x + Vx +1 x - V x +1
b
R i i t gon M v6i 0 < X < 1. Ta c6 ket qua:
(E) Vdi a > Q , a ^ 1 va b > 0, ta CO A = ab va B = 2.
(A) 2 - N/3X ( B ) 2 + y3x (C) 3 - J3x
Vx~ + 4 x + 4
1.46. K h i x = 8, gia t r i ciia X - - 8 X + 16 la: (D) l - v ' x ( E ) 3 + s/3\
X--16
 1 58 Cho N = . Tim gia t r i 16n nh^t cua.N.
1.53. Biit V 2 5 - x ^ - V l 5 - x - = 2. Tinh y = \l25-x- + \\ - x " . 3-Vx
(A) y = 5 (B)y = -5 (C)y = 6 (A) N < 0, do do N khong c6 gia t r i Ion nhat.

(E)y=7. (B) Gia t r i Idn nhii cua N la 0.

(D)y=l
(C) Gia t r i Idn nhat cua N la 1.
» 2
x+ 2 v x -1
1.54. Cho: A = (D) Khong CO gia t r i nao cua x d l N = - . Tuy nhien, ta luon
xVx-l x + Vx+l ] - \
2
(A) A > 0 vo'i moi dieu kien cua x de A c6 nghia. CO N < --> .
J
(B) A > 0 vo'i moi dieu kien cua x de A c6 nghia. ^ 2
(C) A = 12 vo'i moi dieu kien ciia x de A c6 nghia. (E) Gia t r i Ion nhat cua N la - .
(D) A = 6 vo'i moi dieu kien cua x de A c6 nghia.
(E) A = 0 vo'i moi dieu kien cua x de A c6 nghia. 1.59. Klii a > 0 , b > 0 va a ^ b, tinh gia t r i cua
^ 2b_
1.55. Cho P = Va-Vb ^/a + Vb a-b
X-1
(A) 1,5 (B)2,4 (C)l (D)2 (E) 3.
Tim tat ca cac gia t r i x de P nhan nhu'ng gia t r i nguyen,
(A)x=l;2;3 (B) x = 0 ; 4 ; 9 1.60. Vo'i a > 0, ta CO

(C)x = 0 ; 2 ; 3 (D) x = 0 ; 4 ; - 1
(A)x/^-V^<"V
2va
(B) ^ + \ - ^ = -z-r
-^'^
(E) Khong CO cau nao trong cac cau tren neu dii tat ca c;ic gia
tri can tim.
(C) y[^\-^>-K= (D) ^ \ - ^ = ^ -
X

2Va -v^
1.56. Tinh (V2 + V3 + V 2 - V3 )- . Kk qua la
(A)-5 (B)6 (C)12 (D)7 1.61. Rut gon b i l u thiic Q = xft + Vv -\/4-x/7 -yfl.
(E) Cac cau tren deu sai. (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) - 1 (D) 0 (E) 3.
2-5Vx
1.57. ChoM = 1.62. Gia t r i ciia (yJ3 + S - P - x/S )^ la
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) - 1 (D) 4 (E) 3.
(A) De M = - , gia t r i duy nhat tiiong ling cua x la x = --^ ^
1.63. Voi a = - 0,25, gia tri cua - ^/47^^1a^ 1 la
(B) DI M = ^ , gia t r i duy nh^t tUong ung cua x la ^ = ~ ^' j (A) I^ (B) i (C) - 1 (D) 2 (E) ^.

(C) De M = - , gia t r i tuong ung cua x la x = —- va X = -

21 101 1.64. Co the bien doi bieu thuc ^ ^^+ ^ _^
1
(D) Kliong CO gia t r i nao cua x de M =
(A) , vdi di4u kien xy > 0 va x ^ -y.
(E) De M = - , CO hcin 2 gia t r i tuong ung ciia x. y + X
 2x
(B) , v6i dieu kien xy > 0 va x ^ - y .
y +X (C) 1 - 3Va , voi dieu kien - 1 < a < 1.

(C) 3%/x , voi di^u kien x > 0. (D) a , vdi moi a < 1.
(E) + a , vdi moi a.
(D) yfx - ^ , voi dieu kien xy > 0 va y ?t 0.
y • • 1.68. M o t hoc sinh tien h a n h n h u sau : Ta c6
X 4- y ^_ > >
(E) , v6i dieu kien xy > 0 va x y. P = ^jS-^l3-^j29-nS = ^/x/s - ^ 3 - ^ ( 2 ^ 5 - 3 ) =
y-x
= ^/V5-^/3 + 2 ^ / 5 - 3 - V V 5 - x / 2 7 5 . .
1.65. Dieu kien ciia X d l b i l u thuc
2^/x-9 2Vx+l ^A(+3 Vay P - ^fB^QlTs .
. x-5yJ\+6 (A) Hoc sinh da thuc hien dung.
CO nghia l a : (B) Hoc sinh da thuc hien sai, ket qua diing la P = 1.

(A) X > 0, X ^ 1, X 9^ -5 (B) X > 0, X 2, X 7^ 9 (C) Hoc sinh da thuc hien sai, k§t qua diing l a P = .
(C) X > 0, X ^ l l , x ^ 7 ^ (D) X > 0, X ^ 4, X 7-- 9 (D) Hoc sinh da thuc hien sai, ket qua diing la P = 2 \ .
(E) X > 0, X ^ 3, x ;^ 5. (E) Hoc sinh da thuc hien sai, k e t qua diing l a P = 4 A/S .

1.66. Dieu kien ciia x de bieu thiic 1.69. Trong cac b i l u thiic sau day, b i l u thiic nao bang 0 k h i ta thay

xbang + ?
x--4(x-l) (A) X - - 2 X - 1 (B) x ' * - 2 x - l
CO nghia la : '(C) x-*-2x--l (D) x ' * - 4 x - - l
(A) X > 0, X l , x ^ 45 (E) Khong bieu thiic nao.
(B) X > l , x ^ 2, X 9t 3
(C) X > l,x 9i 8,x ;i 7
(D) X > l,x ^ l,x 9t 3
(E) X > 1 v a x ^ 2. '

1.67. Bieu thuc

+ + 1
1 -
9

CO the duoc t h u gon t h a n h

(A) - a , voi dieu kien - 1 < a < 1.

(B) .yi + a , voi dieu kien - 1 < a < 1.

20
 \V)i .\ ^ , ta CO - 2x + 1 = 3 , suy ra x = - 1 .
c
D A P AN VA HLTONG D A N
Voi X > ^ , ta CO 2x - 1 = 3 , suy ra x = 2.
BAI T A P T R A C NGHIEM C H U O N G 1

1.12. Chon cau (E).

1.1. Chon (E). «

De y, M va N la cac so khong am nen tvl = ta c6 M = N .

1.2. Chon (E). Ta CO : X + 2 = 4 =^ (x + 2)^ = 16. |,oi giai tren sai tu" giai doan (4), vi hoc sinh khong de y rSng ta phai
1.3. Chon (C). Ca ba cau con lai deu dung. (•/) .M = v'a.v'b > 0 va N = ^/a^ > 0.

1.4. Chon (A). 1.13. Chon(E).

1.14. Cht)n(E).
1.5. Chon (B). Vi - (x + 1)^ < 0 vdi Vx nen y ] - { x + \ ) - c6 nghia khi:
1.15. Chon (C). Mu6n (C) diing, phai them gia thi^t h ^ 0.
- (x + 1)2 =0 X = -1.
1.6. Chon (D). 1.16. Chon (A). Ap dung cac hang d4ng thiic
A-^-B'=(A-B)(A-+AB+B-),
1.7. Chon cau (E).
A^+B^ =(A + B)(A--AB +B-),
1.8. Chpn(E).
va tinh chat -V^.Vb =11^.0 day, A = , B = ^^/b .
1.9. Chon(Bj^Tac6/(l-yS)- 1.17. Chon(Bj.
1.10. Chon fD). 1.18. ,Chon(E).
4 V2O.V5O = V2O.5O = ^/lOO = 10 ,
a) Ta phai c6 - 3x + 4 > 0 hay x < - .
•J^.^JTH = 73a.27a = ^/81? = 9|a|,
b) Can thiic J — ^ — c6 nghia k h i 736.100.0,25 = V36.ViOO.Va25 = 6.10.0,5 = 30,
V -2 +x
yfshJ = M.^l^i^ = 9.:a,
^ > 0 « - 2 + x<0<=>x<2.
-2 + x
1.19. Chon(B).
c) Can thuc Va" 4-x- luon c6 nghia vi bieu thiic dUoi cSn
luon khong am. 1.20. Chon(B).
fm Vl2T_ll f l 6 ? ^ A/I6? ^ 4 j a | ^ _ 4 a
1.11. Chon (A).
^'M22rV2i5"25 ' V 81 Vsi 9 9
Loi giai tren da thieu di mot nghiem, Idi giai diing nhii sau.

- 2 x +1 khi X < I .21. Chon (A).

9
Taco V(-2x + l ) - = | - 2 x + l | = 1.22. Chon (D). Ta c6 ^ 2 8 ^ = /28(a-b)2 ^ | b | a" V28 .
2x - 1 khi X > -
7
 1.23. Chon (A). 1.32. Chon (D).
1.24. Chon (C). Ta c6: 1.33. Chpn (D). Theo d4 bai ( -2 + x^)^^ = 1. Tuy nhien, mot s6 ma
- 0,05V28800 = -7(005)- .28800 CO luy thua 21 bang 1 thi so do phai bang 1. Do do ta c6:
= -V0.05.5.288 = -V72 - -6^2 . -2 + x^ = 1, suy ra x" = 3.
Vay X = V3 hoac x = - V3 .
1.25. Chon(C).
1.34. Chpn ( A ) .
1.26. Chpn ( A ) .
V4.25.0,36 = V4.V25.V036 = 2.5.0,6 - 6 ; 1.35. Chpn (B). Ta c6

V49.a- = V 4 9 . v ^ = 7. '7a. khi a>0 a = 7 + 2 V 6 = (V6 + if; b = 7 - 2 V 6 = (V6 -1)^

- 7a. khi a < 0 la cac so'diidng.
V9 Vso 80 = V16 Ccich khc'ic: a.b = 7" - 4.6 > 0 va a > 0 nen suy ra b > 0.
=4
16 Vl6 4 ' V5 \ 1.36. Chpn (C). d day, cau (B) cung dung nhung cau (C) dung nhat.
V75^_ [75^ = . ^ = 5;
V 3a Ta biet V5 la so v6 t i . Thoat trong, cu tuong so da cho 6 de
3a
f2a bai Cling v6 t i . Nhung khai trien va riit gpn, ta dupe ket qua la 3, no
4a- 11 khi a>0 la so huu t i .
121 Vi2T 11 2a 1.37. Chpn ( A ) . Ta c6 :
. khi a < 0
5+2 + V V 5 - 2 T V 5 + 2 + V 5 - 2 + 2x/(V5+2)(V5-2)
1.27. Chon(C).
VV5+I V5+T
1.28. Chpn (C). TiJ giai doan (1), hoc sinh da quen dat dieu kien x > 0
va X 7t 9. Do do, ket qua sai. Ket qua dung la 0 < x < 36 va x 9. ,
2V5+2V5^ 2V5+2 = 9

V5+1 V5 + 1
1.29. Chon(C).
va 3 - 2 V 2 = ( V 2 - l ) l D o d 6 : N = V 2 - ( V 2 - 1 ) = 1.
Ta c6: 5V6 = "Vs^ = V30.25 va 6V5 = ^ 6 ^ = ^3036 .
Tii do, 6-V5 > 5-1/6 . 1.38. Chpn(E). Taco
v'^ + V3 + V6
1.30. Chon cau (E). A =
( V 2 + V 3 - V 6 ) ( V 2 + V3 + V6)
N^u n la s6 chin, ta phai w\k V A " = I A I .
V 2 + V3 + V6 ^ V 2 + V 3 + V6
1.31. Chpn (D). Kk qua dung b giai doan (2) la ( V 2 + V3)--(V6)2 ^ 2V6-I
A = .a-b
a" khi a > b ( V 2 + V3 + V6)(2V6 + 1)
a-b - a " khi a < b 23
1.39. Chon (E). Ta c6 :
24
 1 1+^ 1+^ \ ^f2 ,r
^ 1.45. Chpn (D)!
a-Vb \/b a - > / b a + \/b a " - b a"
1.40. Chpn (C) A =
Vb'a +V b ~ V b ' % / b b b
. Thay gia t r i ciia a vao bieu thiic n a y :
Vo'i a > 0, a 1 ta c6:
' '20 '5()
M = ^/lO -2 + 'l-a>/a /-Yl-^/ay 1-aVa+\/a^(l-Va) (l-7a}"
\ V 2 B =
, j \-a J 1-Va (l-a)-
= (V4 + v / 2 5 - 2 ) ' =25. ( l - a ^ / ^ + ^/^-•i)(l-^/^)^|(l-a)+^/^(l-.a)|l-^^)

1.41. Chpn (B). Ta CO : A = I X - 7(x - 1 ) - I = I X - I X 1 ,.

Do X < 0 nen x - 1 < 0, suy r a : A = | x - ( - x + l ) I = i lix - 1 . '_(l-a)(l + ^/^)(l-^/^)_^
L a i do X < 0 nen 2x - 1 < 0, t h a n h ra : A = 1 - 2x.

1.42. Chpn (D). Ta c6: 1.46. Chpn (A). Co th§ thay true t i ^ p , hofie b i 4 n doi triioe, nhif sau:
- (5 + ^ / 5 ) ' + ( 5 - V 5 ) ' - ( 5 - V 5 ) ( 5 + V5j•^/lQ Voi X = 8 t h i x^ - 16 khac 0, nen b i l u thiic da eho xae d i n h t a i
B =
(5 + V 5 ) ( 5 - V ^ x = 8. Taeo:
25 + 5 + loVs + 25 + 5-10^/5 - ( 2 5 - 5 ) > / l O ' x +2 (x-4)
(vi x - 4 khac 0).
25-5 (x-4)(x + 4)
x+ 4
^ 60-20v/l0^20(3-^^^
Thay x = 8 vao bieu thiie, ta diipc: A = 8 + 2 | ( 8 - 4 ) ^ l Q . 4 ^ 1 0
20 20 - 8 +4
" 1 2 3 •
V i 3 < ^/[0 nen 3 - VTO < 0. Vay B < 0.
1.47. Chpn (E). Taeo
1.43. Choncau(D). V5 + V2-(V^-V2) + (N/5 + N/2)(V5-N/2) 1
A =
. (^/3-^/2)(^/3+^/2) 1 ^ • (VS + V2)(^/5 - ^/2) • •(^/2+l)-
Ta CO
A/3(X/3 + V2) 3 + V6" Nf5+V2-V5+V2 + 5-2 1

1.44. Chpn (A). True cSn thiic 6 m a u eua moi phan thiic, ta c6: 5-2 •(/2+I)-

2(A/3+1) 3(V3+2) 15(3+ V3) 3 + 2N/2 1 (V2+I)- 1

A = •+ +
^(x/3-l)(V3 + l) (V3-2)(N/3+2) (3->/3)(3 + V3)/5 + V: 3 •(^/2 + l)- •(N/2+1)

f 2 ( V 3 + 1 ) ^ 3(V3+2) ^ 15(3 + ^/3) 1.48. Chpn (C). T a eo:

-1 •5 + V3

V3 + l - 3 V 3 - 6 + l^-f^ = - ( V 3 + 5). = |^/5+^/2|-jV5-^/2| = ^/5 + ^/2-(^/5-^/2)

5 + V3 2 5+ S 2
= V ^ + V 2 - V 5 + N/2 =2^/2.

26
 = yfx[-Jx -\)~yfx{\fx + l ) + X + 1 = (vAx - l ) ^ .
1.49. Chon cau (B). Ta c6:
Vx-2V2 Vx + 2x/2 • V a y M = v ( y x - l ) " =|%/x-lj = l - V x , d o 0 < x < 1.
C=

53. Chon (A). Ta c6:

V6i X = 3 > 2 \/2, cac can bac hai d4u c6 nghia va cac m l u thuc
2y= fV25-x- -Vl5-x-¥\/25-x- +\l]5^-
deu khac khong. Do do: C = /v
= 2 5 - x 2 - ( 1 5 - x ^ ) = 10.
Thay x = 3, t a dude:
Vay y = 5.
C=
1.54. Chon (A). Dieu k i e n de bieu thilc A c6 nghia: 0 < x va x 1.-
V(Ji d i e u ' k i e n do t a c6:
1 1 _ (V2+1)-(V2-1)
= 2. A
_ X + 2 + v^(v'x - 1 ) - (x + Vx +1) 2
V2-I \/2 + l (V2-1)(V2+1) (^/^-l)(x + ^/^ + l ) \f^-\

1.50. Chon (D). X -2^J^ +1 2

V7-V24 =V6^2^/6 + l =v/6-], (^/^-l)(x + ^/^ + l ) ' ^ / ^ - l

\/7 + A/24 =76 + 2^6 + 1 =7(76 + 17 = V6 + 1. 2 ^

Vay: A =
1 1 + 1
,1 + V 6 - 1 S + ^2 . .
Do x + \/x+1 = ( V x ) " + 2 . - \ / x + - + - = /x + - + ^>-:^
2 4 4 9 4 4
= V3 + V2.
V6 V6 /V3-x/2 ^/3-^/2
nen suy ra A = >0,Vx:0<x?il.
1.51. Chon (A). x + Vx +1
Ta CO 40^/2 < 57 ( v i 3200 < 3249) nen
1.55. C h o n ( B )1. P = ^ = =l+ -r= ( x > 0, X ?i 1).
A= 4 0 V 2 - 5 7 | - V 4 0 V 2 + 57 = v/sT-40^2 - V4o72 + 57 ; Vx-1 V x - 1
Do do P n h a n nhufng gia t r i nguyen k h i va chi k h i :
A^ = 57 - 40V2 + 57 - 40V2 - 2^(57 - 40^2)(57 + 40V2) =100. "x = 0
V ^ - 1 = ±1 x =4.
Vay A = 10 hay A = -10. N h i i n g kk qua la A = -10 v i
/x'-l X - 1 = ±2
x =9
5 7 - 4 0 ^ 2 < 57 +40^/2.
Vay vol X = 0; 4; 9 t h i P n h a n n h a n g gia t r i nguyen.
X" X - + v'X
1.52. Chon (D). Ta c6: + X + 1=
X + \/x+l X-yf\ ]
Chii y. T a c6 t h i thay cac gia t r i 6 cac cau (A), (B), (C), (D) de
'c d i n h cau diing. Tuy nhien, do c6 cau (E) {Khong c6 cau ndo trong
Vxf (Vx )' - ll yfx((jxj +I
-+ X+ ]
'c cau tren neu du tat cd cdc gid tri x cdn tim.) nen de t i m cau dung
X + Vx'+ 1 X - Vx +
 uhdt, tot hdn t a nen t i n h toan. A = V - 16a - 74a- - 4a + 1
1.56. Chon(B). = 7 ^ 1 6 ^ - v'(2a - 1)^

1.57. Chon(A).Tac6: ^ ^ ^ =l » l l ^ / ^ =l « x =- L = \^6a - I2a-1 .

^/x+3 2 121'
\i a = - 0,25 t h i
Chpn (E). T a c6:
1.58.
A = yj - 16.( - 0,25) - I 2 ( - 0,25) - 1
M - 2 - 5 V ^ _ - 5 ( V ^ + 3) + 1 7 _
= \/4 - I - 0,5 - 1 1 = 2 -
9
Vx+3 Vx+3 Vx+3
V a y N d a t gia t r i Idn n h a t k h i va c h i k h i Vx + 3 d a t gia t r i nho = 2 - i =i .
2 2
n h a t . M a X > 0 n e n x/x + 3 > 3. \/x + 3 nho n h a t la 3. K h i do
17_2 1.64. Chpn (E). Vpi dieu k i e n xy > 0 va x ^ y, t a c6 the bien doi
x = Ova: N „ , , = - 5 + - = ± . X ^ y x+y
3 ~3
1.59. Chpn(C). x/xy + >' V^y - X ^/xy
Vd-i a > p , b > 0 va a b t a c6: - y)(A/xy->^^y) _ x + y _ x + y
x/a x/b 2b

Va-Vb \/a+Vb a-b

, 1.65. Chpn (D). Chu y: x - sVx + 6 = (>/x - 2)(Vx - 3 ) .
_ Va(Va + V b ) - Vb(Va - V b ) 2b
Dieu kien: x > 0,x ^ 4,x ^ 9.
(va^-VbJ(Va+>/b) a-b
_ a + Vab-\/ab + b 2b a+ b - 2 b _ a - b ^1.66. Chpn(E).
a-b a-b a-b a-b D i l u k i e n cua x de P c6 nghia la:
x-l>0 (1)
1.60. Chpn (A). V i a > 0, ta c6:
x - 2 x / ^ > 0 (2).
V ^ - V ^ =^ _ ^ < _ ^ I .
Va + l + V a v a + Va 2Va x- - 4 ( x - l ) > 0 (3)

(1) cho t a x > 1. Do do (2) tudng dudng voi

1.61. C h p n ( D ) . Q = \/4 + V 7 - ^ / 4 - ^ / 7 - V 2 =0.
X- > 4 ( x - l ) < ^ ( x - 2 ) - > 0 .
D l y V 4 + 7 7 =-^V(V7±l)2 .
Vay (2) diidc thoa m a n k h i x > 1. Ngoai r a :
(3) « ( x - 2 ) - >0<o(x7^2).
1.62. Chpn (B). Ta c6:
Tom l a i , P c6 nghia k h i x > 1 va x 2.
(^3 + S - ^3 - Sf
1.67. Chon (A). Dieu kien: - 1 < a < 1 <=> a < 1.
= (^3 + - Vs V3VV5 + ( ^ 3 - VS)^ + yr^-
= 3+ - 2 ^ 9 " ^ " ^ + 3 - V? = 6 - 2.2 = 2. M =
3 + V - ^' 3

a - a'
1.63. Chpn (E). Gpi bieu thitc can t i n h la A:
 •>
a"
H A M SO BAG NHAT

1.68. Chpn(B).

TRAC NGlllEM KIEX TllCC VA TIIOXG IIIEU

= V^^-v(V5-i)- = 1 .

1.69. Chon (C). .1. Do t h i ham so y fix) la:

Thay vao cac b i l u thuc d l thu" chon, ta duoc fA) Tap hop t a t ca cac diem c6 toa do (x ; fix)), v6i x chay tren
x - ' - 2 x ^ - l = 0, tat ca cac gia t r i cua tap X.
thoa man. (Bj Tap hop t a t ca cac diem c6 toa do (x ; y), vOi y chay t r e n
t i l t ca cac gia t r i cua tap Y.
(C) Tap hop t a t ca cac diem bieu dien cac cap gia t r i tiidng
ung (x ; y) tren m^t phAng toa dp, v6i x la so tuy y.
I (D) Tap hop t a t ca cac diem bieu dien cac citp gia t r i tudng
l i n g (x ; y) tren mat phang tpa dp, vPi y la mot so thupc Y.
iE) Tap hop tat ca cac diem c6 toa dp (x ; fix)), vOi x la so sao
cho phuong t r i n h y = fix) c6 nghiem.

.2. Cho h a m s6 f : Z - > Q, cho boi fix) - 5x. T i m x dh fix) = 1.

iA)x=" iB)x = 5 i C ) x = l iD) x = - -

(E-) Ca 4 cau tren deu sar

>-.3. T i m phat bieu sai:

(A) y = fix) la ham s6 dong b i l n k h i : voi mpi X | . X 2 thupc

mihn xac d i n h , neu X | < .\ t h i Yi < y2 •

(B) y = fix) la ham s6 nghich bi6n k h i : vdi mpi N , . \ thupc

mifen xac d i n h , neu X | < X T t h i \ > > 2 •

iC) N6u y = fix) la h a m so ddng bien t h i vOi mpi X | . X 2 thupc

mi6n xac d i n h , ta c6 \ < V T => x, < x , .

;3a
 (D) Neu v6i moi X i . X T thuoc mien xac d i n h , ta c6 X | < X T (C) V6i mpi b, h a m so y = fix) = -a^x + b nghich bidn k h i a^t 0.
keo thoo y i > yj^ t h i ham so da cho la ham so nghich b i i n . (D) H a m so y = f(x) - a~x + b dong bi§n k h i a > 0 va nghich
(E) Trong cac phat bieu t r e n , chi c6 ba phat b i l u dung. bi^n k h i b < 0. <
(Trong cac cau tren, ta hieu rang y|,y2 la gia t r i tuo'ng ung (E) H a m so y = fix) = a'^x + b la h a m bac hai.
cua X ] , X T qua h a m so dang xet.) 2.8. Cho h a m so y = (m - 2)x + 1. Vdi gia t r i nao ciia m t h i h a m

2.4. H a m so bac nhat la ham so diicic cho boi cong thiic so dong bien t r e n R ? Nghich bien t r e n R ?

(A) y = ax + b, trong do, a, b la cac so thifc va a 0. (A) Vo'i m ^ 2 t h i h a m so dong bien t r e n R ; m < 2 t h i

(B) y = ax + %/5 , t r o n g do, a la so thiic t u y y. h a m so nghich bien t r e n R .

(C) y = ax + b, trong do, a, b la cac so thuc dudng. (B) Vol m < 2 t h i h a m so dong bien t r e n R ; m = 2 t h i
(D) y = ax + b, t r o n g do, a, b la cac so thuc am. h a m so nghich bien t r e n R . \
(A) y = ax^ + b, trong do, a, b la cac so thuc vha ^ 0. (C) Voi m = 2 t h i h a m so dong bien t r e n R ; m < 2 t h i

2.5. Tap xac d i n h ciia h a m so f ( x ) = Jx + 2 l a : h a m so nghich bien t r e n R .

(A) Tap hgp cac so thiic x ma x > - 2 . (D) Vo'i m ^ 2 t h i h a m so dong bien t r e n R ; m > 2 t h i
^ (B) Tap hgp cac so difo'ng x ma x > - 2 . h a m so nghich bien t r e n R .
(C) Tap hgp cac so thiTc x ma x > - 2 . (E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai.
(D) Tap hgp t a t ca cac so thyc. 2.9. De chii'ng m i n h h a m so f(x) = J \ 2 dong bien, mot hoc
(E) Tap hgp cac so thUc x ma x > 0. sinh tie'n h a n h cac giai doan nhiT sau:
2.6. T i m mot hoac nhieu gia t r i ciia t h a m so m de cac ham sau day (DVo'imgi X|,X2 ma X|<X2 ta c6:
la h a m bac nhat: r(X2) - i~(x,) = ^2+^ - Vx,+2
a)y= V4-m(x-17) ; b) y = - ' ^ ^ x - 2 0 0 5 , 1 7 . ^ (X2 + 2 ) - ( X | +2) ^ X2-X|
m-+9 j 7x2+2 + 7^72 7^2+2+Vx7^ "
H a y chgn cau t r a Voi sai: j (2) V i X2 > X| nen X2 -X| > 0.
(A) a) m = - 5 ; b) m = 7. | (3) Vay r ( x 2 ) - r ( x , ) > 0 hay f(x2)>r(X|).
(B) a ) m = - 1 4 ; b) m = 17. |
(4) TCr do, suy ra h a m so da cho la h a m so dong bien t r e n
(C) a ) m = - 6 ; b) m = 27.
p xac d i n h ciia no.
(D) a) m = - 8 ; b) m = 47.
Chgn phat bieu dung:
(E) a) m = - 5 ; b) m = 1.
(A) Chufng m i n h t r e n diing hoan toan, ban du da sii dung
2.7. Cau nao sau day diing: dung d i n h nghia ciia m o t h a m dong bien.
(A) H a m s6 y = fix) = a^x + b dong bien k h i a > 0 va nghich (B) Chii'ng m i n h t r e n sai 6' giai doan (4), vi h a m da cho
bien k h i a < 0. nghich bie'n.
(B) H a m so y = f(x) = a^x + b dong bien k h i b > 0 va nghich (C) TCr (2) l a m sao c6 the suy dirge (3). Do do, chung m i n h
, bien k h i b < 0. t r e n sai d' giai doan (3).
 (D) Chufng m i n h tren^sai tiX giai doan (1).
.14. Xet h a i duong t h i n g y = ax + b va y = ax + d:
(E) Cac phat bieu t r e n deu sai.
(A) K h i b 7t d, h a i dudng t h i n g ' s o n g song nhau.
2.10. Do t h i cua h a m bac nhdt y = ax + b (a ^ 0):
(B) K h i b = d va d = 0, h a i dudng t h i n g vuong goc nhau.
(A) la duong t h i n g d i qua goc toa dp.
(C) K h i b * a, hai duong t h i n g song song nhau.
(D) K l i i a ^ d, h a i dudng t h i n g . s o n g gong nhau.
(B) la dudng thSng di qua h a i d i l m (b ; 0) va
(E) K l i i a = d, h a i dudng t h i n g t r u n g nhau.

(C) la duong thSng d i qua h a i d i l m (0 ; - b ) va ^.15. Viet phudng t r i n h dudng t h i n g song song vdi duong t h i n g
V a
= 4x - 5 va di qua diem A t - 1 ; - 2 ) .

(D) la duong t h i n g d i qua h a i d i l m (0 ; b) va (A)y=4x-2 ( B ) y = 4x + 2 (C)y=-4x + 2

a y
(D)y = - 4 x - 2 ( E ) y = 2x + 2.

(E) la dudng t h i n g d i qua hai diem (0 '; a) va K a .16. Vo'i n h u n g gia t r i nao cua m t h i h a m so fix) = (m + l ) x + 2
2.11. Cho duong t h i n g y = ax + b. K h i do, ta goi a la l o n g bien?
(A) m ^ 0 (P>) m = 1 (C) n i < 1
(A) he so bicn thicn ciia dudng t h i n g nay.
(D) m > - 1 (l-)m>2.
(B) he so goc cua duong t h i n g nay.
(C) he so cd'dinh cua dudng t h i n g nay. .17. PhiTdiig t r i n h ciia dUdng t h i n g di qua 2 diem B ( l ; 4) va
(D) he so bieu thi do nghicng cua diidng t h i n g ' n a y . :(-2 ; 3) :
(E) mot t e n goi tuy y. (A)v='x-'' (B)v = x4-ll
2:12. (A) D6 t h i h a m y - ax + b con goi la duiing ax + b. So b diii.ic
goi la lung do goc cua duOiig thang. (C) y = -^x + V {D)y = -2x+y
3 3 J
(B) Do t h i hani y = ax + b con goi la dudng tJidng y = ax +
(E) T i t ca cac eau t r e n deu sai.
So b dude gdi la he so goc cua duimg thctng.
.18. Xet h a i duong t h i n g y = ax + b va y = c)i + d:
(C) Dd t h i ham y = ax + b con goi la duong thdiig y = ax + b.
(A) Neu a ^ c t h i hai dudng t h i n g do c i t nhau tai mot dieni.
Sd b dupe gpi la tung dp goc cua dudng thang.
(B) Neu a = c t h i hai dudng t h i n g do c i t nhau t a i mot diem.
(-D) Do t h i h a m y = ax + b con gpi la dudng thang y = ax .+ /;.
(A) N6u a > c t h i hai dudng t h i n g dd c i t nhau t a i mot diem.
So b dupe gpi la tung dp cd dinli cua dudng thang.
(D) N6u a ^ c v i a, c la hai s6 ddu khac 0 t h i hai duong t h i n g
(E) Do t h i h a m y = ax + b con gpi la dudng ax + 6. S6 a dude
do c i t nhau t a i mot diem.
gpi la //("• so goc cua dudng thang.
(A) Ndu a < c t h i h a i duong t h i n g do c i t nhau tai mot diem.
2.13. D d t h i h a m s6 y = -2007x + 2005 d i qua hai di6m:
2.19. Trong 4 h i n h 1, 2, 3, 1 duoi day, goc giua duong t i l i n g va tia
(A) (0 ; 2005) va (1 ; 1012). (B) (0 ; 2005) va (-2007 ; 0).
Ox t r e n m6i h i n h theo t h i i t u la :
(C) (0 ; 2005) va ( ~ "^^^^"^ ; 0).
(A) g6c MOx, goc MOx, goc BAx, goc BAx.
, 2007
(B) goc MOx, goc MOx', goc BAx, goc BAx'.
(D) (0 ; 2005) va (0 ; 15). < E) (1 ; ~2) vii ( -^^^^^ ; 0).
2007 (C) goc MOx, g(')c x ' O M , goc xBA, gck BAx.
 (D) goc MOx', goc MOx, goc BAx, goc BAx'. 2.21. Chpn doan vSn c6 npi dung s a i trong cac doan vSn sau day:
(E) goc MOx, goc x ' O M , goc BAy, goc BAx. (A) He so goc con dildc gpi l a he so ve do doc cua dudng t h i n g .

'y K h i a > 0 t h i gdc tao bdi dudng t h i n g y = ax + b. va t i a Ox la 'goc

'y
nhpn. Liic do, a cang Idn t h i goc do cang Idn (nhung van be hdn 90°).
M\
(B) He sd goc eon dude gpi la he so ve do doc eiia duPng t h i n g ,
/ M ^ i a < - 1 t h i gpc tap bpi dudng t h i n g y = ax + b va t i a Ox la goc tu.
(C) K h i a > 14 t h i goc tao boi dudng t h i n g y = ax + b va tia Ox
l a goc nhpn. G6e nay be hdn 90°.
0 / X r \
X
(D) K h i a < 0 t h i gPC tap boi duPng t h i n g y = ax + b v a tia Ox

/
l a gPC t u . Liie dp, a cang nhp t h i gpc dp cang Idn (nhung van be hdn
Hinh (1) 180°).
\ (2)
(E) K h i a < 0 t h i gdc tad bdi duPng t h i n g y = ax + b v a Lia Ox
/ y' 1\
y \ la gPC t u . Liic dp, a cang Ipn t h i gpc dp cang Ipn (nhung van be hdn
180°).
•y
' y 2.22. Chd diem A ( l , - 2 ) va duPng t h a n g (d) cp phudng t r i n h
y = 4x+ll.

B / . B Hinh {A)
Phudng t r i n h eua diidng t h i n g (k) di qua A va Sdng song vdi (d) la:
Hinh (3) (A)y = - 4 x - 6 (B)y = 2 x - 6 (C)y = 4 x - 6
(D)y = 4 x - 1 2 (E)y = 4 x - 5 .
' A/ O X
x' O 2.23. Chd h a m so f(x) = (m + l ) x + 2. Xae d i n h gia t r i ciia m de
—•
do t h i h a m so di qua A ( l ; 4).
^ • (A) m = 0 (B) m = 1 (C) m = - 1
y' (D)m = 3 (E)m>5.

2.20. Cau nao sau day sai ? 2.24. Trong mat p h i n g tpa dp Oxy chp diiPng t h i n g (d) C P phudng

(A) Diiong t h a n g song song v6i diidng t h i i n g y = k x + b t h i c6 t r i n h y = kx + k^ - 3. T i m k d 4 dudng t h i n g (d) di qua gpc tpa do.
he so goc b a n g k. (A) k = N/3 (B) k = V2 (C) k = - X/2
*

(B) Dudng thSng sdng song voi true hoanh va qua B(0, c), vdi (D) k = ^/3 hpac k = - V3 (E) k = v/2 hpac k = - v'2 .
c 5^ 0, t h i c6 phudng t r i n h y = c.
2.25. T i m gia t r i ciia k k h i biet dp thi h a m so y = I « + x + 2 eat
(C) Duong t h i n g song song voi diidng t h i n g y = mx + n t h i c6
true hoanh t a i diem c6 hoanh dp bang 1.
phudng t r i n h y = mx.
(A)k=l (B)k = 2 (C)k = - 1
(D) Dudng t h i n g sdng song true t u n g va d i qua A(a, n) c6 (D) k = - 3 (D) k = - 5 .
phud"ng t r i n h x = a.
(E) Co I t n h a t mpt cau sai t r o n g 4 cau tren.
 T R A C NGHIEM Kl NANG TINH TOAN (D) Khi ni = ± va n ± 2 thi phudng t r i n h da cho l a
4
VA KHA NANG S U Y LUAN C A O
hudng t r i n h c u a dudng t h i n g song song true Ox.
(E) T i t ea cac c a u t r e n deu s a i .

2.26. Du-Q-ng t h i n g song song v d i du'dng t h i n g y = 2 - 3x va c i t ,31. (9m^ - 4)x + (n^ - 9)y = ( n - 3 ) ( 3 m + 2) l a duOng t h i n g t r u n g
true tung t a i diem c6 tung dp b i n g 1 t h i c6 phiTong t r i n h : -6i true t u n g k h i
(A)y = - 2 x + l (B)y = -3x + 5 (C)y = - 3 x + l
(A}n ^ 3 va m = ± -- (B) n = 3 va m = 1
(D) y = - 4 x + 1 (E) y = - 3 x + 6. 3

2.27. Phudng t r i n h dudng t h i n g di qua M(2 ; 3) va song song vdi (C) n 3 va m 5^ ± ^ (D)n = 2 v a m ^ 1
dudng t h i n g y = 2x + 3 hi :
(E) T a t ea cae cau tren deu sai.
(A)y = -2x + l (B)y = -x + 2 (C)y = -2x + 6
( D ) y = 2x + 1 (E)y = 2 x - I . 2.32. Toa do giao diem ciia hai dudng t h i n g
y 2.\ 7 va : v = - x - 1 la:
2.28. Phudng t r i n h dudng t h i n g di qua M(2 ; 3) va N(6 ; 5) la :
(A)(-2 ;-3) (B)(l;-3) (C)(2;-2)
(A)y = - 2 x + ' ( B ) y = -_|^-x + 2 (C)y = - - ^ x + 3
(A) ( - 2 ; - 6 ) (E)(2;-3)

(D) y = 2 x + (E)y= | x - l . 2.33.

Tren h i n h ben, toa dp cac

2.29. Phudng t r i n h dudng t h i n g di qua giao diem hai dudng t h i n g ,/3 /p dikw B, Q la B d ; 1) va

y = 2x + 1, y = 3x - -1 va song song vdi dudng t h i n g y = v'2 x + 15 la: Q ( - l ; 0). Bi6t r i n g B n i m

t r e n dudng t r o n nho, C
(A)y= N'2X+11-5N'2 ( B ) y = x + 5v'2
n i m tren dudng t r o n Idn.
(C) y = \ X - 5N2 (D) y = -4x + / 2
C eo t u n g dp b i n g 1 va
(E) y = - 5 v 2 x + v2 .
CM vuong goc OM. M
^ ^ ^ ^ 0 1 ;M;
2.30. Cho phudng t r i n h : ( 9 n r - 4)x + ( n " - 9)y = (n-3)(3m + 2 j / n i m t r e n dudng t r o n nho
va P n i m t r e n dudng tron
(A) K l i i m = ± " va n = ± 3 t h i phudng t r i n h da cho la
3 Ion. H a y xae d i n h phudng
phudng t r i n h cua dudng t h i n g song song true Ox. t r i n h diidng t h i n g PQ.

(B) K h i m ±-~ va n = ± 3 t h i phudng t r i n h da cho la

3 (A) Phudng t r i n h dubng t h i n g PQ la y = 3x + 3 .
phudng t r i n h cua duong t h i n g song song true Ox. (B) Phudng t r i n h diidng t h i n g PQ la y = \/'3x + v'3 .
->
(C) K h i m - ±~ va n ?i ± 3 t h i phudng t r i n h da cho la (C) Phudng t r i n h diidng t h i n g PQ la y = / 2 x + J2
3
(D) Phudng t r i n h dudng t h i n g PQ la y = ^/2x - v 2
phuong t r i n h ciia dudng t h i n g song song ti-uc Ox.
(E) T i t ea cae cau t r e n deu sai.

I
 2.34. Xac dinh phuong trinh duong t h i n g di qua hai d i l n i M ( l ; 2) 2.39. Xac dinh a de cac duong t h i n g sau day dong quy:
va N(2 ; 3). 2 x - y + 3 - 0 , x + y + 3 = 0, a x - y - l = 0.
(A) y = X + 2 (B) y = - X - 1 (A) a = 1 (B) a = 2 (C) a = 3
(C)y = 2x + 2 (D)y = -x + 2 ^ ' (D) a = 4 (E) Mot kk qua khac.
(E) Mot kk qua khac.
'^".40. Xet ba diTdng t h i n g sau:
. 2.35. Xac dinh phiidng trinh duong thSng cSt true hoanh tai dikm 2x - y + 1 = 0 ; x + 2y - 17 = 0 ; x + 2y - 3 = 0.
. C O hoanh do a 9^ 0 va cSt true tung tai d i l m c6 tung do /] 0. (B) Ba dudng t h i n g tren dong quy.
(B) Ba diidng t h i n g tren giao nhau tai ba diem phan biet.
(A) y = -^x + /3^- +^ =l iB)y = lx-j3
a a p a (C) Hai diidng t h i n g song song, dudng t h i n g con lai vuong
got voi hai duong t h i n g song song do.
(C) y^oK-p (D) y = ^ x +a
a (D) Ba diiong t h i n g tren song song nhau.
(E) Mot kk qua khac. (E) Ca bon cau tren deu sai.

2.36. Cho biet ket qua sau: Hai dudng thdng vuong goc v6i nhau 2.41. Xac dinh m d l hai duong t h i n g sau day c i t nhau tai mot
neu va chi neu tich hai he s6 goc cua chung bdng - 1 . d i l m tren true hoanh:
Viet phuong trinh dudng t h i n g di qua M ( l ; 3) va vuong goc (m - l)x + my - 5 = 0 ; mx + (2m - l)y + 7 = 0.
vdi dudng t h i n g y = 2x + 1. (C) m =
(A) m = (B) m = ^
1 ^ 12
(A)y = - - x + ^ (B)y = -2x + 5 (D) m = 4 (E) Mot k6t qua khac.

(C) y = - j x + ^ (D)y = - 2 x + ^ 12.42. Xac dinh t i t ca cac gia t r i k de ba dudng t h i n g

^/6
(E) Mot kk qua khac. y = kx + ^/53 ; y - ( k - l ) x + x/53 ; y = ^/7k-x + ^/53

2.37. Gpi (d) la diidng t h i n g di qua N(2 ; 6) va vuong goc vdi duong J . dong quy tai mot diem tren true tung.
t h i n g (k): y = X + 5. (d) vuong goc (k) tai d i l m c6 toa dp la (A)k=l,k = 2 (B)k = 0,k = 3 (C)k=l,k = 4
(A) (1,2; 6) (B) (1,3; 6,5) (Cj (I ; 6) (D) k la s6 thue tuy y sao cho k 0 va k ;^ 1.
(D) (1,5 ; 6,5) (E) Mot kk qua khac. (E) Khong ton tai gia t r i k nao.
2.38. Xet ba diiong t h i n g sau: 1.43. Cho hai diidng t h i n g ( d j va (d,) l i n ludt c6 phuong trinh
(l)y = x + V 2 9 ; (2) y =: V3 x - x/29 ; (3) y = x + V32 - I 7 . mx + ( m - l ) y - 2 ( m + 2) = 0 ,
(A) Ba duong t h i n g tren dong quy. 3mx-(3m + l ) y - 5 m - 4 = 0.
(B) Ba diidng t h i n g tren giao nhau tai ba di§m phan biet.
l i m = ^ thi (di) va (d^):
(C) Ba dudng t h i n g tren giao nhau tai diing hai Hilm phan
biet. (A) song song nhau. (B) c i t nhau tai nipt d i l m .
(D) Ba diidng t h i n g tren song song nhau. (C) vuong goc nhau. (D) trung nhau.
(E) Ca bon cau tren deu sai. (E) T i t ca cac cau tren deu sai.
 c 2.14. Ghpn(A).
D A P AN V A H U O N G DAN
2.15. Chon (B). Phuong t r i n h can t i m GO dang: y = 4x + c.
BAI T A P T R A C NGHIEM CHLTONG 2
Duong t h d n g nay qua diem A ( - l ; -2), t a c6 - 2 = - 4 + c, suy r a
c = 2. Phuong t r i n h duOng t h i n g can t i m la y = 4x + 2.
2.1. Chon (A).
2.16. Chon (D). T r o n g t a p xac d i n h R, h a m so da cho dong b j e n
2.2. Chon (E). k h i m + 1 > 0 hay m > - 1. .

Co t h e CO hoc sinh l a m tuOng r i n g gia t r i x de f i x ) = 1 la
X = - . T u y n h i e n , do tap xac d i n h la tap so nguyen (Z), nen k e t l u a n
5
d day l a khong c6 gid tri x ndo f/e fix) = 1.
2.3. Chon (E). Ca 4 cau tren (A, B, C, D) d4u dung.
2.17. Chon (C). Thay toa do h a i d i l m da cho vao t u n g phuong t r i n h
d l thuf chon. Hoac giai n h u sau:
PhiTong t r i n h dUong thSng BC c6 dang y = ax + b, a ?t 0. Do
duong t h a p g n a y d i qua B ( l ; 4) va C ( - 2 ; 3) n e n toa dp ciia B va C
phai thoa m a n phuong t r i n h dudng t h i n g . Ta c6:

2.4. Chon (A). . ' a.l + b:=4 [a + b = 4

' a . ( - 2 ) + b - 3 ^ | - 2 a + b = 3" . , •
2.5. Chon (C). A + 2 c6 nghia k h i x + 2 > 0 <=> x > - 2 .
Lay phuong t r i n h thuf n h a t epng phuong t r i n h thuT h a i ve theo ve,
V a y t a p xac d i n h ciia h a m so f ( x ) = ^/x + 2 la t a p hop cac
so thiJc x ma x > - 2 . ta di/o'c a = - , til' do suy ra b = . . 1
3 , 3 .
2.6. Chon (E).
V a y phiTong t r i n h dUong t h ^ n g BC l a : y = ^ x + ^ .
a) Ta c o y = vQ - mx - 17\'4 - m , day l a h a m bac n h a t k h i
4 - m > 0, tiic la k h i m < 4. 2.18. - C h p n ( D ) .
b) m 1.
2.19. Chon (A).
2.7. Chon (C)'.
2.20. Chpn(C).
2.8. Chon (E).
2.21. Chpn(D).
+ V o i m - 2 > 0 hay m > 2 t h i h a m so dong b i e n t r e n R.
+ V u i m - 2 < 0 hay m < 2 t h i h a m so nghich b i e n t r e n R. 2.22. Chon (C). V i ducjng t h i n g (k)'song song vdi duOng thAng (d)

2.9. Chon (D). T i / dau, gia t h i e t "Vo'i m o i X | , X 2 m a X | < X2 nen (k) phai c6 he s6 goc b i n g 4. N h u vay, (k) c6 phuong t r i n h dang

sai. Ta phtii n o i " V o i m o i X] - X2 nia - 2 < X | < X2 ... ". y = 4x + b. Ta cAn xac d i n h b. V i (k) d i qua A d , - 2 ) nen - 2 = 4.1 + b,
do do b = -6. Vay (k) c6 phuOng t r i n h y = 4x - 6.
2.10. Chon (D).
Rieng doi vOi bai t r i e nghiem nay, ta c6 the t h i i chon n h u sau:
2.11. Chon(B). Vi he s6 goc ciia dUOng t h i n g cAn xac d i n h la 4 nen chi c6 (C), (D),
(E) la CO th6 thoa man. L i n ludt thay x = 1 vao ba phuong t r i n h nay
2.12. Chon(C).
ta chpn dupe (C).
2.13. Chon CE). - •
2.23. Chpn (B). Do t h i h a m so d i qua A ( l ; 4) k h i :
2.1

45
 f(l) = 4 <=> (m + l ) . l + 2 = 4 c i . m = l . Ta CO OB = V l - + 1 " = V2 . Suy ra O M = yfl . Tii do, ta dupe
OP = OC = yf3 . N h u vay P c6 toa dp l a (0 ; \/3 ). Lap phuong t r i n h
2.24. Chon (D). Voi x = 0, y = 0, ta c6 - 3 = 0 hay = 3, suy ra
duong t h a n g di qua P, Q, ta dupe phuong t r i n h diiOng thang cin t i m .
k = ±V3.
2.25. Chon (D). Do t h i h a m so cat true hoanh t a i diem c6 hoanh 2.34. Chpn (E). Dap so: y = X + 1.
do bang 1 k h i : k . l + 1 + 2 = 0 <=> k = - 3 . 2.35. Chpn (A). H a i diem ma dUdng thang di qua l a Aia; 0) va
2.26. Chon (C). Do t h i h a m so y = ax + b song song vo'i dufo'ng B( y3; 0). Ket qua: dupng thang c6 phuong t r i n h
t h a n g y = 2 - 3x va cat true t u n g t a i diem c6 tung do bang 1 khi:
y = - ^ x 4 - / ? « ^ + -^- = l .
a = -3 fa = -3 a a p
a.O + b = l |b = l
2.36. Chpn (C). V i diiPng thang can t i m vupng gpc vpi diipng thang
Vay h a m so t i m dtfoc la y = - 3 x + 1.
y = 2x + 1 nen np cp he so goc bang - — . Do do, no eo phudng t r i n h
2.27. Chon (E).

2.28. Chon(B). dang y = - ^ x + b. V i dUdng thang di qua M nen 3 = - ^ .1 + b, suy

2.29. Chon (A). Hoanh do giao d i l m hai dildng t h a n g y = 2x + 1,

rab = 3+ - = —. Vay phudng t r i n h dudng thang da cho l a
y = 3x - 4 la nghiem ciia phudng t r i n h 2x + 1 = 3x - 4, hay x = 5. Suy 2 2 • •
9

ra t u n g dp giao diem la y = 2.5 + 1 = 11. 1 7

9
y = — X + - .
2 2.
Vay ta CO giao diem M(5 ; 11).
Duong thang song song v6i y = V2 x + 15 c6 phiiong t r i n h 2.37. Chpn (D). (d) c6 phudng t r i n h y = - x + b. Ta CP (d) d i qua N
y = ^flx + h. nen 6 = - 2 + b, suy ra b = 8. Vay (d) CP phudng t r i n h y = - x + 8. D i
V i dudng nay d i qua M nen 11 = 5 N/2 + b, suy ra b = 11 - 5 / 2 . Vay nhien, (d) va (k) vudng gPC nhau tai giad diem K cua chiing. Phudng
phudng t r i n h dudng thang cin t i m l a y = V ^ x + l l - 5 V 2 . t r i n h hoanh dp giao d i l m eua (d) va (k) la - x + 8 = x + 5, phudng
3
2.30. Chon (C). Dudng t h a n g song song vdi true Ox k h i
i- t r i n h nay cho nghiem x = - •
9m^ - 4 = 0 va n^ - 9 ^0, hay m = ± ^ va n ; i ± 3. -) I ->
Thay x = - vao phudng t r i n h y = x + 5 ta dupe y = •
2.31. Chon (E). Om^ - 4)x + (n^ - 9)y = (n - 3)(3m + 2) la du6-ng
9 ^ 3.n^
t h a n g t r u n g vdi true t u n g k h i phudng t r i n h tro t h a n h x = 0. Dieu nay Vay tpa dp giao diem la
v2" 2y
xay ra chi k h i n = 3 va m ± —.
2.38. Chpn (C). He s6 gPC eua hai dudng thang (1) va (3) bang nhau
(va bang 1), t r d n g k h i dp, he s6 b eua hai dupng thang nay khae
2.32. Chon (E). Hoanh dp giao diem la nghiem cua phudng t r i n h
nhau. N h u vay, hai diipng thang (1) va (3) spng spng nhau. Do thay
2x - 7 = - x - 1 , suy ra X = 2. Thay vao mot trong hai phudng t r i n h
' d u o n g thang (2) cat hai dudng thang (1) va (3). Do do, ba dudng
ta dude y = - 3 .
thang t r e n giao nhau tai diing hai diem phj\ biet.
2.33. Chpn(B).

47
2.39. Chpn (E). V i l t l a i phifdng t r i n h cua hai dilcJng t h a n g
2 x - y + 3 = 0, x + y + 3 = 0
n h u sau: y = 2x + 3 va y = - x - 3. Giao diem cua hai dildng t h a n g nay HE PHl/dNG T R I N H B A C N H A T H A I A N
CO hoanh do la nghiem ciia phifdng t r i n h 2x + 3 = - x - 3. TOf do, giao
diem la M ( - 2 ; - 1 ) . De ba dvfdng thSng dong quy, toa do cua M phai
thoa m a n phifdng t r i n h dxJdng thSng t h t i ba, tiic la phai c6
a(-2) + 1 - 1 = 0 < ^ a = 0.

2.40. Chpn (C). Ba dUdng thSnig da cho c6 the dtfdc viet l a i : T R A C NGHIEM KI^N THIJC VA THONG HIEU
„ , 1 47 . 1 3
y = 2x + 1 , y = - - x + — v a y = - - x + -.

Ta CO h a i difdng thSng song song, difcJng thSng con l a i t h i vuong goc 3.1. PKudng t r i n h bac nhat hai an la phudng t r i n h c6 dang

v6i h a i dilclng t h i n g song song do. ax + by = c, trong do, a, b, c la cac so da biet, v6i:
(A) a" + b" = 0 va x, y la cac an.
2.41. Chon (A). Diem nkm t r e n true hoanh t h i c6 t u n g do b5ng 0.
(B) X, y la cac an va a, b la cac so nguyen.
Do do, m u o n hai diidng t h i n g (m - l ) x + m y - 5 =: 0 va
(C) a, b la ctic so nguyon va X, y la Ccic an.
m x + (2m - l ) y + 7 = 0
(D) a" + b" = 0 va x ?t 0 , y ?t 0.
CO giao diem nkm t r e n true hoanh t h i ta c6
(E) a ^ 0 hoac b 0 va x, y la cac an.
(m l ) . x + m.O - 5 = 0 va mx + (2m - 1).0 + 7 = 0,
hay (m - l ) . x - 5 = 0 va mx + 7 = 0. 3.2. Phudng t r i n h bac nhat hai an
Theo d i n h nghia h a m bac nhit, ta phai c6 m - 1 0 va m 0. (A) luon luon v6 nghiem.
(B) luon luon c6 v6 so nghiem. Cac diem (x ; y) thoa man
, T u m x + 7 = 0 ta, CO x = — . Thay v^o phvfdng t r i n h
in phudng t r i n h nay dupe bieu dien h i n h hoc bang mot diidng thang.
(m - l ) . x - 5 = 0 <=> m x - x - 5 = 0 (C) luon luon c6 1 nghiem. Diem (x ; y) duy nhat tho;i man
- 7 - 7 7 7 phudng t r i n h nay dude gpi la iigliiein.
ta dtfdc m . — 5 = 0, hay — = 12. Vay m = — .
(D) la phudng t r i n h khong giai dupe vdi m o i a, b.
m m m 12
(E) luon luon c6 2 nghiem.
2.42. Chop (D). Cho x = 0 6 ca ba phiidng t r i n h ta deu c6 dUdc
y = . Di§u do chiing to r i n g vdi moi k ma k it 0 va k it l , ba 3.3. Gia sii a, b, c la cac so nguyen; a va b c6 udc so chung d. con c

dildng t h i n g § " khong chia hdt cho d. K l i i do:

(A) phudng t r i n h ax + by = c khong c6 nghiem nguyen.
y = — k x + V53 ; y = ( k - l ) x + V 5 3 ; y = V 7 k ^ x + V53
4 (Bj phudng t r i n h ax + by = c c6 1 nghiem nguyen.
d^u d6ng quy t a i diem t r e n true t u n g eo t u n g do b i n g V 5 3 . (C) phudng t r i n h ax + by = c cd 2 nghiem nguyen.
(D) phudng t r i n h ax + by = c cd 3 nghiem nguyen.
2.43. Chon (A).
(E) phudng t r i n h ax + by = c cd vd so nghiem nguyen.

49
 duong thSng nay chua v6 so diem, nen he c6 v6 so nghiem.
3.4. M o t he phiiong t r i n h bac n h a t h a i kn c6 dang
ax + by = c (1) (B) (1) va (2) duoc vi6t l a i t h a n h y = - x - 6, y = 3x - 2. H a i

a'x + b ' y = c (2) duong thSng nay song song, nen he c6 v6 so nghiem.
(C) (1) va (2) duoc viet l a i t h a n h y = - x - 6, y = 3x - 2. H a i
t r o n g do, (1) va (2) l a h a i phuong t r i n h bac n h a t h a i kn.
duong t h a n g nay cat nhau t a i mot diem, nen he c6 duy n h a t mot
(A) V i (1) va (2) deu c6 v6 so nghiem nen he cung luon c6 v6 s6
nghiem.
nghiem.
(D) (1) va (2) dUde vi§t l a i t h a n h y = - x - 6, y = - x - 2. H a i
(B) Neu h a i phuong t r i n h (1) va (2) c6 nghiem chung t h i
diiong thSng nay khong eSt n h a u , nen he v6 nghiem.
nghiem chung do phai bang 0.
(E) (1) va (2) dude vi§t l a i t h a n h y = - x - 6, y = - x - 6. H a i
(C) Neu h a i phuong t r i n h (1) va (2) c6 nghiem chung t h i
duong t h a n g nay t r u n g nhau, nen he Cd v6 so nghiem.
nghiem chung do duoc goi la nghiem cua he.
(D) Giai mot he phuong t r i n h la t i m mot nghiem nao do cua 3.7. Giai he phudng t r i n h
he da cho. •2x + 2y = 9
(E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. 2x-3y = 4'

3.5. Chon phat bieu sai: (A) Nghiem cua he la x = ^ , y = 1.

(A) Neu he phuong t r i n h (I) c6 v6 s6 nghiem, dong thoi he
phudng t r i n h ( I I ) ciing c6 v6 so nghiem t h i he (I) va he ( I I ) tudng (B) Nghiem cua he la x = ^ , y = - 1 .
diidng nhau.
(C) Nghiem cua he la x = 4, y = 1.
(B) Tii mot he h a i phudng t r i n h da cho t a c6 the c6 duoc mot
(D) Nghiem cua he la x = 3, y = 1.
he tudng difdng vdi nd neu thuc hien: Thay mot phifdng t r i n h trdng
(E) Nghiem cua he la x = 6, y = 1.
he bang phudng t r i n h tudng dudng vdi no.
(C) T u mot he hai phudng t r i n h da cho ta c6 t h i c6 duoc mot 3.8. Xet he phudng t r i n h
he tudng dudng voi no neu thiic hien: Thay mot phiidng t r i n h trdng • 2x+10y = - l l (1)
he bdi phudng t r i n h cd dude bang each cong (hoac trxi) ve theo ve h a i 3x + 1 5 y = 4l (2)

4iK
phuong t r i n h da cho. (A) (1) va (2) cd cac he s d khac nhau nen he c6 v6 so nghiem.
(D) N^u he (1) tuong dudng voi he ( I I ) va he ( I I ) tUdng diidng (B) (1) va (2) dude v i ^ t l a i t h a n h hai diidng t h i n g ma h a i
vdi he ( I I I ) t h i he (I) va he ( I I I ) tudng dudng nhau. dudng t h i n g nay t r u n g nhau, nen he c6 v6 so nghiem.
(E) H a i he phudng t r i n h dude goi la tUdng duang voi n h a u neu (C) K l i o n g c A n giai he cung c6 t h i h i l t he c6 duy n h i t nghiem.
chiing CO cung tap nghiem, nghia la moi nghiem cua he nf y cung la (D) K h o n g c A n giai he cung eo the biet he v6 nghiem.
nghiem cua he Ida va nguoc l a i . (E) T ^ t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.

3.6. Xet he phudng t r i n h 3.9. Xac d i n h a, b d l he phudng t r i n h sau c6 nghiem x = y = 1 :

r 3x-2y = 2 (1) ax + 5y = l l
. X + y = -6. (2) 2x + by = 3
(A) (1) va (2) dude vi4t l a i t h a n h y = - x - 6, y = 3x - 2. H a i ( A ) a = b = 112 ( B ) a = 5, b = 18 (C) a = b = 95.

51
 (D) a = 15, b = 76. (E) Tkt ca cac cau t r e n ddu sai. (C) He CO nghiem (x ; y) = (89 ; -82).
(D) He CO nghiem (x ; y) = (369 ; 182).
3.10. T i m so nghiem so ciia he phuOng t r i n h
(E) He CO nghiem (x ; y) = (9 ; 12).
•x + 7y = - V 5 (1)
[2x + 3y = 12
3x + 21y = -3N/5 (2) Q 14. M o t hoc sinh giai he <^ . ^ • ^ (I) bang 4 giai doan dude
[3x + 2y-=19
• (A) He phudng t r i n h t r e n c6 v6 so nghiem.
danh s6 (1), (2), (3), (4) n h i i sau:
(B) He phudng t r i n h t r e n c6 mot nghiem duy nhat.
(1) Ta CO (I) tudng dudng voi
(C) He phudng t r i n h t r e n v6 nghiem.
4x + 6y = 24
(D) Khong can giai he ciing c6 the biet he chi c6 2 nghiem.
1 5 x + 6 y = 57
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai.
(2)' T u d 6 : - l l x = -33 x = 3.
3.11. Khong giai he phudng t r i n h , xac d i n h so nghiem so cua cac he
(3) Suy ra
phuong t r i n h sau day: 12 + 6
5x + 8y = l l 2.3 + 3y = 12 =^ 6 + 3y = 12 y = - y = 6.
x + ^f^y =-N/'12
(I) (II)
- X + Vl2y = 6 - 2.\ 2/7y = (4) Vay he cd nghiem (x ; y) = (3 ; 6).

(A) He (I) v6 nghiem, he ( I I ) v6 nghiem. Chpn cau t r a Idi diing:

(B) He (I) CO 1 nghiem duy nhat, he ( I I ) v6 nghiem. (A) Ldi giai t r e n diing hdan tdan.

(C) He (I) CO v6 so nghiem, he ( I I ) v6 nghiem. (B) Ldi giai tr e n sai iii giai ddan (1).

(D) He (I) CO 1 nghiem duy nhat, he (II) c6 v6 so nghiem. (C) Ldi giai tr e n sai t i i giai ddan (2).

(E) He (I) v6 nghiem, he (11) c6 v6 so nghiem. (D) Ldi giai t r e n sai t i i giai doan (3).
(E) Ldi giai t r e n sai frii giai ddan (4).
X + y=1
3.12. Giai he
x + 3y=9' f.l5. M d t hdc sinh da giai he phudng t r i n h
f7x + 5y = 19 (1)
(A) He CO nghiem ( x „ ; \ „ ) , vdi \(,= - 2 , \ la so thuc.
l3x + 2y = 7 (2)
(B) He CO nghiem ( x , ) : } ( , ) , vdi x „ = - - 3 , \ la so nguyen.
Piu sau: T i i (1) va (2), n i t y, ta duoc:
(C) He CO nghiem ( X ( ) : y „ ) , vdi \,)= —1, y,, la so nguyen. _19-^7x
(3)
(D) He CO nghiem (x„;Y()),vdi X ( , = -5, y,, la sd nguyen. 5
l-3x
(E) He CO nghiem ( X ( , ; y ( , ) , voi X | , = - 6 , y,, la S d nguyen. (4)
2
3.13. Giai he phudng t r i n h 19-7x 7-3x
2x + 3y = 20 (1) % sanh (3) va (4) ta c6 , suy ra x = -3.
5
\3x + 5y = l l (2)'
Thay vad(3), s u y r a y = 8.
(A) He CO nghiem (x ; y) = (69 ; 82). Vc'iv nghieiu ciia he phudng t r i n h hi x = - 3, y = 8.
' (B) T r i i cau nay, cac cau con lai deu sai. Trong ate y kief? sen, Iiay chon y kihi dung:
 3x-2y = 6
(A) L6"i giai t r e n sai, v i da khong dung v6i phudng phap cong.
ax + y = - 3
(B) L61 giai t r e n sai, v i da khong dung voi phuong phap thd.
(C) Lo'i giai t r e n sai, nghiem cua he phai l a (3 ; - 8 ) . T i m a sao cho he c6 nghiem (x ; y thoa y=—x.
4
(D) LcJi giai t r e n diing hoan toan.
3
(E) L d i giai t r e n cho ket qua diing, t u y nhien, chi diing mot (A) a = 1 2 . (B)a = - - . (C) a = 5.
each ngau nhien t r o n g triiOng hop nay, trong truOng hop tong quat,
(D) Cac cau (A), (B), (C) deu sai. (E) a = 16.
kh^ng the dung phuong phap r u t x tii h a i phuong t r i n h r o i so sanh
de t i m y n h i i the. 3.19. M o t s6 CO h a i chut s6, tdng ciia chung bSng 7. K h i dao t h i i t i f
hai chi5 s6 do, t h i s6 da cho tSng len 27 ddn v i .
1 i = -L
X ^ y ~ 12 (A) S6 hang chuc cua s6 do la 2.
3,16. Giai he phvfong t r i n h : (B) S6 hang chuc cua so do l a 3.
(C) S6 hang ddn v i cua so do l a 9.
X y 5
(D) S6 hang chuc cua so do l a 4.
(A) Dat u = — va V = —, v6i dieu kien x 0 va y 9^ 0, he (E) So hang ddn v i cua so'do l a 8.
X y •
phifdng t r i n h da cho t r 6 t h a n h he phifong t r i n h bac nhat v6i h a i an 3.20. T i m m va n d l he sau c6 nghiem (x ; y) = (-3 ; 2):

u , V . Sau cung, t a t i m duoc nghiem cua he da cho la x = 50, y = 20. mx + 5y = 6n - 1 1

4x + ny = 7 - 5 m
(B) Dat u = — va V = —, ta dude mot he phuong t r i n h bac
X y (A) m = 2 ; n = 3. (B) m = 3 ; n = 2.
nhat vdi h a i an u , v. H e nay v6 nghiem, do do, he da cho v6 nghiem. (C)m = 4 ; n = l . (D) m = 1 ; n = 4.
(C) H e phiidag t r i n h da cho c6 v6 so nghiem. (E) K h o n g t6n t a i m va n d4 he c6 nghiem (-3 ; 2).
(D) N g h i e m cua he phiidng t r i n h da cho la x = 1 , y = 3.
3.21. Xet he phiidng t r i n h :
(E) Nghiem cua he phuOng t r i n h da cho la x = 20, y = 30.
3
+1 + =5
3.17. M o t hoi chd dvTOc to chiic, ve vao cua diioc ban r a voi gia 1,50 y+2
d o - l a cho t r e em va'4 d o - l a danh cho ngvfoi Ion. Trong m o t ngay, c6 6
2200 ngifdi khach t h a m quan hoi chO va ngudi ta t h u difdc 5050 d o - y+2
la. H o i CO bao nhieu ngifoi Ion va bao nhieu t r e em vao t h a m quan
hoi chd trong ngay do? 3 , he phudng t r i n h da cho t r 6
(A) Voi mpi x, y, dat
(A) Co 1400 ngudi Idn va 800 t r e em. Y =
y+2
(B) Co 900 nguoi Ion va 1300 t r e em.
(C) Co 700 nguoi Idn va 1500 t r e em. t h a n h he phudng t r i n h bac nhk voi h a i in X, Y.

• (D) Co 1000 nguoi Ion va 1200 t r e em. (B) Dat u = , di^u k i e n x > - 1 , ta duoc mat he phuong
(E) Co 800 ngudi Ion va 1400 t r e em. /' r i n h bac nhat v6i h a i in u va y.

3.18. Cho he phudng t r i n h / ^ •

 X = 4; y = 3.
(C) V d i d i 6 u k i e n x > - 1 , y 2, d a t 3 , he p h u d n g 17
Y = ( B ) De he t r e n co n g h i e m x = 4; y = 3, t a p h a i co b =
y + 2
(C) D6 h e t r e n co n g h i e m x = 4; y = 3, t a p h a i co b = 16.
t r i n h d a cho trO t h a n h he p h u o n g t r i n h bac n h ^ t v o i h a i a n X , Y .
( D ) D6 he tri>n co n g h i e m x = 4; y = 3, t a p h a i c6 a = 26.
( D j K h o n g t h e d u a he d a cho v6 he p h u d n g t r i n h bac n h A t .
( E ) N g h i e m cua he l a x = 4; y = 3, vOi m o i a v a b.
( E ) N g h i e m cua he p h u d n g t r i n h d a cho h\ = 3, y = - 1 .
3.2ij. B i 6 t r h n g d u d n g t h i i n g (d) d i q u a h a i d i e m (3 ; 7) v a (2 ; 3 j .
3.22. T o n g g i a t i e n 13 cay b i i t c h i v a -1 cay b u t b i l a 4 8 7 0 d o n g .
V i e t p h u d n g t r i n h d u d n g t h i i n g s o n g s o n g v d i d u d n g t h a n g (d), b i e t
T o n g g i a t i ^ n 6 cay b i i t c h i v a 2 cay b u t b i l a 2 3 2 0 d 6 n g . H o d d o n
dudng t h d n g nay di qua diem ( - 1 ; -2).
n h a n diipc k h o n g l i e t k e d d n g i a t u n g l o a i .
( A ) y = 5x + 2 ( B ) y = 6x + 4 ( C ) y = 4x + 2
( A ) G i a m o i cay b u t c h i l a 2 2 0 d 6 n g v a g i a m 6 i cay b u t b i l a
(biy = 3 x + l l ( E ) M o t k(}t q u a k h a c .
480 dong.
( B ) G i a m o i cay b i i t c h i l a 320 d o n g . 3.2G. M o t ngudi gui ti6t k i e m ngan hang tai hai ndi. Ngan hang A
( C ) G i a m o i cay b u t b i l a 470 d 6 n g . CO l a i x u a t 9 ' r t r o n g m o t n a m . N g a n h a n g B co l a i x u a t l a l l ' - i troiig
( D ) G i a m o i cay b u t c h i l a 120 d o n g . m o t n a m . S6 t i e n a n h t a co l a 1201)0000 d o n g , t r o n g n a m d a u , a n h t a
( E ) G i a m o i cay b u t b i l a 3 7 0 d o n g . n h a n dude 1 1 8 0 0 0 0 d o n g t i e n l a i .

3.23. De g i a i h e p h u d n g t r i n h : ( A ) N g u d i dd gdi 7 t r i e u d o n g 6 ngivn h a n g A .

x + y = lK (1) ( B ) N g u d i do gdi 8 t r i e u d o n g 6 n g a n h a n g A .

\ 5 (C) N g u d i do goi 6 t r i e u d o n g d n g a n h a n g B .
(2) ( D ) N g u d i do gdi 7 t r i e u d o n g d n g a n h a n g B .
\~ 7
( E ) N g u d i do goi 4 t r i e u d o n g 6 n g a n h a n g A va gOi 8 t r i e u
( A ) Co t h e ( l u n g t i n h c h i i t t i le t h i i c , t i m dude n g h i e m x = 7 v a
dong d ngan h a n g B.
y = 10.
( B ) Co t h e r u t x t u ( ] ) , t h a y vao (2), cu6i c u n g , t i m dude ^ 3.27. H a i t i n h A va B each n h a u 2 2 5 k m . M o t o to d i tu' A d e n B.
C u n g m o t lue 6 to thuf h a i d i tu' B d e n A . Sau 3 g i o c l u i n g gap
n g h i e m x = 3,5 v a y = 7,5.
n h a u . B i e t r i l n g 6 to d i t i / t i n h A co v a n Loc I o n h o n v a n toe 6 to
( C ) Co t h e r u t y t u (1), t h a y vtio (2), cu6i c u n g , t i m dude
n g h i e m x = 3,5 v a y = 7,5.
d i tu- t i n h r> l a 5kkm / h .
( A ) V a n toe eiia 6 to k h o i h / m h t d A la 4 5 k m / h .
( D ) Co t h e r u t x t u (2), t h a y vao (1), cu6i c u n g , t i m dude
( B ) V a n toe eiia 6 to k h o i h a n h t u A la 14km/'h.
n g h i e m x = 2,5 v a y - 7.
(C) V a n t6c ciia 6 to k h o i h a n h t U B !a 3 5 k m / h .
( E ) T a t cii cac cau t i e n d e u s a i .
( D ) V a n toe evia 6 to k h o i h a n h t u B l a 36 k m / h .
3.24. X 6 t he p h u o n g t i i n h :
( E ) V a n t6e ciia 6 to k h o i h a n h t i i B la 3 7 k m / h .
a\y = 5 b - 1 0

3.\ by = 7 - 4a

( A ) K h o n g t i m duoc a, b de lie j j h u o i i g t r i n h t r e n co nghic'-m

 T R A C NGHIEM K F N A N G TINH TOAN
VA K H A NANG S U Y LUAN C A O 3.31. Hai ngudi cung lam chung mot cong viec trong 12 ngay t h i
xong. N|U' ngudi thii n h i t lam trong 4 gid, ngUdi thU hai lam trong 6
gicJ t h i diidc 40% cong viec. Hoi m6i ngUoi lam mot minh t h i trong
3.28. Tim so nghiem nguyen ciia cac phifong trinh bao lau se lam xong cong viec ?
(a) 6x-18y = 25 ; (b) 1 I x + 121y = 37. (A) Ngiioi thu nhat lam mot minh trong 3a gio t h i xong cong
viec, ngudi thii hai lam mot minh trong 20 gio thi xong cong viec.
(A) Phvfong trinh (a) c6 1 nghiem nguyen, phudng trinh (b) c6
(B) Nguoi thu nh^t lam mot minh trong 40 gio thi xong cong
1 nghiem nguyen. ^
viec, ngudi thii hai lam mpt minh trpng 10 gid thi xpng cong viec.
(B) Phudng trinh (a) c6 1 nghiem nguyen, phUdng trinh (b) c6
(C) Ngudi thii nh^t lam mpt minh trong 15 gid t h i xdng cong
2 nghiem nguyen.
viec, nguei thii hai lam mpt minh trong 45 gid thi xdng cdng viec.
(C) Phifdng trinh (a) c6 2 nghiem nguyen, phudng trinh (b) c6
(D) Nguoi thii nhM lam mpt minh trpng 20 gid thi xong cpng
1 nghiem nguyen.
viec, ngupi thii hai lam mpt minh trong 30 gid thi xdng cdng viec.
(D) Phudng trinh (a),c6 2 nghiem nguyen, phudng trinh (b) c6
(E) Ngudi thii nh^t lam mpt minh trong 45 gid t h i xpng cpng
2 nghiem nguyen.
viec, ngudi thii hai lam mpt minh trpng 15 gid thi xdng cpng viec.
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai.
3.32. Chp he phudng trinh:
3.29. Xac dinh so nghiem so cua cac he phudng trinh sau day:
ax + 2ay = -10
x.-y=-V2 ( l - a ) x + y = 0.
4x + 8y = - 9
(I) ' (II)
- X + Vl2y = 75 1 1 y[2' (A) K h i a = - 2 , he vp nghiem.
--X y= — (B) Khi a = - 2 , he c6 nghiem x = -2; y = 3.
3 12 3 (C) Khi a = - 2 , he c6 nghiem x = -3; y = 3.
(A) He (I) CO 1 nghiem duy nhM, he (II) c6 v6 s6 nghiem.
(B) He (I) CO 1 nghiem duy nhat, he (II) c6 1 nghiem duy nh^t. (D) Khi a = - 2 , he c6 nghiem x = - 1 ; y = 4.
(C) He (I) CO v6 so nghiem, he (II) v6 nghiem. (E) Khi a = - 2 , he c6 nghiem x = - 1 ; y = 3.
(D) He (I) CO 1 nghiem duy nhat, he (II) v6 nghiem. 3.33. Giai va bien l u a n he phudng trinh
(E) He (I) v6'nghiem, he (II) c6 v6 s6 nghiem. X - my = 0

3.30. Xet he phvfdng trinh: mx - y = m +1

( mx + 2y = m (1)
•x + y = 3 (2)
Mot hoc sink tlkn hanh nhu sau:
( l ) T a c6:
X - my = 0 (m- - l ) x = m(m + l)
(Aj Phudng trinh luon c6 nghiem vdi mpi m.
(B) Phudng trinh luon v6 nghiem vdi moi m. mx - y = m +1 (m- - l ) y = m + l
(C) PhUdng trinh luon c6 v6 so nghiem vdi moi m. (2) NSu m = - 1 : ca hai phifdng trinh tren deu trd thanh Ox = 0
(D) Phudng trinh luon c6 nghiem voi mpi m ^ 2.
en mpi x, y d^u la nghiem.
(F) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai. (3) N6u m = 1: he VP nghiem.
 (4) Neu m 9i ± 1: he c6 mot nghiem: (A) Nghiem cua he la x = 25, y = 14.
ni 1 (B) N g h i e m cua he la x = 37, y = - 8 2 .
X =
m - 1 ' m- 1^ (C) N g h i e m ciia he la x = 16, y = 2 1 .
E m hay chon cau diing t r o n g cac cau sau: (D) Cac cau (A), (B), (C) dhu sai.
(A) Lap l u a n t r e n dung hoan toan, (E) Nghiem cua he la x = 26, y = 18.
(B) Lap l u a n t r e n sai ngay t u giai doan (1).
3.38. Cho he phuong t r i n h
(C) K e t l u a n d (3) khong diing.
'x + y = 2
(D) Ket l u a n d (4) khong diing.
[mx - y = m
(E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
(A) Nghiem x,l y la cac so nguyen k h i m 1 hay m = 3.
3.34. Xet hai he phuong ti'inh sau day: CB) Nghiem x, y la cac so nguyen k h i m 2 hay m = - 2 .
mx + 2y = m + 1 \ -~ \1 + — (C) Nghiem x, y la cac so nguyen k h i m 0 hay m = - 2 .
111' m (D) Nghiem x, y la cac so nguyen k h i m 0 hay m = - 3 .
2x + my = 2 m - l
[2\ niy = 2 m - l
(E) Nghiem x, y la cac so nguyen k h i m : 1 hay m = - 4 .
(A) Voi moi m, hai he phudng t r i n h tiidng dudng nhau.
3.39. Xet phudng t r i n h h a i A n 32x + 40y = 38.
(B) Vdi moi m, hai he phudng t r i n h khong tuong dudng nhau.
(A) Nghiem nguyen cua phUdng t r i n h tren la (23 ; 112).
(C) Vdi m = 0, hai he phudng t r i n h deu c6 duy n h a t nghiem.
(B) Nghienl nguyen cua phUdng t r i n h tren la (376 ; 295).
(D) Voi m = 2, hai he phudng t r i n h deu c6 duy n h a t nghiem.
(C) N g h i e m nguyen ciia phUong t r i n h tren la (467 ; 285).
(E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
(D) PhUdng t r i n h t r e n khong the c6 nghiem nguyen.
3.35. H a i c6ng nhan lam mpt sd d u n g cu bang n h a u t r d n g cung mot (E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
thdi gian n h u nhau. Ngudi t h i i n h a t moi gid l a m t a n g 2 dung cu nen
t.40. Cho he phuong t r i n h :
hoan t h a n h cong vice trudc thdi han 2 gid. Ngudi t h i i h a i , moi gid
X + ay = 1 (1)
l a m t a n g 4 dung cu nen hoan t h a n h cong viec triioc 3 gid va l a m
-ax + y = a (2)
t h e m dude 6 chiec. T i n h sd dung cu moi cong nhan phiii l a m theo d i i
kien ban dau. ay t i m cau sai trong cac cau sau:
1-a- 2a
(A) 100 (B)llO (C)120 (D) 130 ( E j 140. , (A) Vdi nidi a, he c6 nghiem duy nhat
a" +1 a' + 1
3.36. Cho da thiic r ( \ = x^ + (2a - 5jx ~ 3b. De da thiic do c6 hai
(B) He chi CO nghiem duy n h a t k h i a ^ -1.
nghiem X j = 2 va x^ = - 3 t h i : (C) He CO nghiem duy nhat k h i a ^ 1.
( A ) a = 4 ( B ) b = 2 ( C ) a = 17 (D) b = 8 ( E j a = 13 va b = 2 1 . (D) K h i a = 1, he c6 nghiem x = 0 ; y = 1.
(E) Trong cac cau tren, c6 diing mot cau sai.
5 = '>
2.\-v + 2\ \ 3.41. Xet he phuong t r i n h :
3.37. Giai he phuong t r i n h '
m x - y = 2m (1)
4x-my = m + 0 (2)
 (A) Neu m = ± 2 thi he c6 v6 so nghiem J.46. B6n ngiidi nong dan h i i n nhau mua mot manh vudn gia 60
(B) He CO nghiem duy nhat voi mpi m.
tiieu. S6 ti6n nguOi t h i i nhat, thvi hai va t h i i ba t r a Ian luOt bSng ^ ,
(C) Neu m = 2 thi he c6 v6 s6 nghiem
(D) He v6 nghiem khi m = 2.
- va — t6ng so tien cua ba ngUoi con l a i . H o i so tien ma nguoi t h i i
(E) Trong cac cau tren, c6 dung mot cau sai. :3 , 4 J
u t r a la bao nhieu ? '
3.42. Giai he phuOng trinh sau
(A) 10 trieu (B) 12 t r i e u (C) 13 t r i e u
:ix + l| + 3y = 3
(Djl4trieu (E) 15 t r i e u .
7 x + lj + 5y = 1 6 '
3.47. Gia 2 cay but va 3 cay thudc la 1,90 dong (tien N a m Phi, 1
(A) He CO mot nghiem duy n h ^ t .
d6ng bang 10 xu). N ^ u m6i cay but gia dat hdn moi cay b u t la 20 x u ,
(B) He CO v6 so nghiem.
t h i gia cua 2 cay thuoc va 3 cay but la
(C) He CO hai nghiem (12 ; - 2 ) , (-14 ; 6).,
(A) 2,10 (B)l,90_ ( 0 2,50
(D) He CO hai nghiem (12 ; -12),'(-41 ; 6).
(D) 1,50 (E)2,00.
(E) He CO hai nghiem (2 ; - 1 ) , (-4 ; - I j .
3.48. Co ba voi niioc A, B, C. K l i i dude mo, moi voi se chay nude vao
3.43. Cho he phudng t r i n h
._e chTJia vdi l u u liidng deu (nghia la toe dp dbng chay khong doi). Neu
2x + 3y = m
mo ca ba voi, be se day trong 1 gid ; neu chi md hai voi A va C, be se
"-5x + y = -r d;\ trong 1,5 gid ; neu chi mo voi B va C, be se day trong 2 gid. Vay
T i m m de he c6 nghiem x > 0, y > 0. neu chi md hai voi A va B t h i sau bao nhieu gid be se day ?
7 (A) 1,1 (B)l,15 (C)l,2
(B)m>-3 (C)m>l (D)m<0
(A) ni > ^ ' (D)l,25 (E)l,75.

(E) Tat ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. 49. M o t tau hda d i tvi A vad liic x : y gid (nghia la x gid y p h u t ) ,
^!n B liic y : z gid cung ngay. Thdi gian di tia A den B la z gid va x
3.44. M o t thua ruong h i n h chu nhat c6 chu v i 250m. T i n h dien tich
i i i t (s6 gid chay t u 0 d6n 24). H d i x c6 th6 nhan m^y gia t r i ?
cua thua ruong, biet rang neu c h i l u dai Ulng them 15m va chi§u
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2
l o n g giam d i 15m t h i dien tich giam di 450m".
(D) 3 (E) Idn hdn 3.
(A) Dien t i c h cua thua ruong la 3860m-.
(B) Dien tich cua thua ruong la 3870nr.
(C) Dien t i c h cua t h i i a ruong la SSSOnr.
(D) Dien t i c h cua thua ruong la 3890nr.
(E) Tat ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.

3.45. Co bao nhieu cap (m, n) cac so nguyen thoa m a n phudng

trinh: m + n = mn ?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5.
 DAP AN V A HLTONG DAN cluy n h ^ t v i h a i dUPng thSng cdt nhau.
c BAI T A P T R A C NGHIEM C H U O N G 3 H e ( I I ) v6 n g h i e m .

* .12. C h o n ( B ) . T r t r p h i i d n g t r i n h th\jf h a i cho p h u o n g t r i n h d 4 u , t a

3.1. Chon(E).
difdc 2 y = 8, s u y r a y = 4, t i f do, t h a y vao p h u o n g t r i n h d i u t a c6
3.2. Chon(B). = - 3 . V a y h e c6 n g h i e m (x ; y ) = ( - 3 ; 4).

3.3. Chon (A). T h a t vay, dieu nay ro r a n g , v i t r a i c h i a h ^ t cho d, 13. Chon(B). T i i ( l ) t a e 6

20-2x.
con ve p h a i t h i k h o n g , do do, p l i u d n g t r i n h k h o n g c6 n g h i e n i n g u y e n .

3.4. Chon(C).
.ay vao (2) t a dvfdc
3.5. C h o n ( A ) . Cac b a n t u t i m v i d u m i n h hoa. 3x + ^ i ^ ^ l l l ^ = 11 o 9 x + 100 - 10 X = 11 X = 67.
3.6. Chpn(C).
ay X = 6 7 vao (3) t a c6 y = - 38.
3.7. C h o n ( A ) . L a y p h u o n g t r i n h d a u t r u cho p h u o n g t r i n h t h i i h a i , '
3.14. Chpn(D).
ta CO 5y = 5, s u y r a y = 1. T u do x = ^ . 2.3 + 3 y = 12 =^ 6 + 3y = 12 => 3y = 6 => y = 2.

V a y h e eo n g h i e m (x ; y ) = (3 ; 2).
3.8. Chon(D). Taco
3.15. Chon(D).
2 x + 10v = - 1 1 « y = -i.x - : 3x + 15v = ^ 2 o v = ---x -
5 10 - - , 5 15 3.16. C h o n ( E ) . D a t u = - v a v = - , v o l di4u k i e n x ;^ 0 v a y 0,
• • x y
n e n h a i dudng thilng bieu dien n g h i e m ciia (1) v a (2) song s o n g n h a u
^ he p h u d n g t r i n h trcr t h a n h
(do chiing cung he so goc). H a i dudng thAng n a y k h o n g c6 giao d i 6 m
nvn he phiiOng t r i n h d a cho v6 nghiem. u + v = — 4u + 4 v = -
12
3.9. C h o n ( E ) . T h a y x = y = 1 vao he d a cho t a dupe he h a i An a, b.
2
[ a + 5 = 11 [a = 6 4u + 6v = - 4u + 6 v = -
5 5
2+ b= 3 b =l
Ixi do, l i y p h u o n g t r i n h s a u trii cho p h U d n g t r i n h d a u t a dude
3.10. C h o n ( A ) . T a n h a n t h a y h a i d u d n g thAng c6 p h u o n g t r i n h (1) 7 1 1 1 '
2v = - - - = — , suy r a v = , do do
5 3 15 30
va (2) t r u n g v o i d u d n g tht\ng y = -^^ x - ^ • D i e u do c6 n g h i a h a i
- 1 _ =l_± = ii. = —
"""12 ''"12 30 360 20'
d u d n g t h a n g n a y c6 c h u n g n h a u vd sd d i e m . N o i each kh;'ic. he
V6" v d b i § n c i i , t a dude n g h i e m cua h e p h u o n g t r i n h d a cho l a
p h u o n g t r i n h eo v6 sd n g h i e m .
X = 20, y = 30.
3.11. C h o n ( B ) . Ddi vdi he ( I ) : H e so goc cua d u d n g t h A n g t h i i nh;it
3.17. C h o n (C). G p i c l a s6 t r e e m vao t h a m q u a n h p i chp, con a l a
la - , c i i a d u d n g thAng thii h a i l a - ' . H e d a cho c6 1 n g h i e m
8 ./IT |||6 n g i l o i I o n , t a c6

Go
 a + c = 2200 (1) ( D i e u k i e n x > - 1 ; y 5^ - 2 : X > 0 ) . T a dLTOc he phuOng t r i n h bac n h ^ t
4a + l , 5 c = 5050 (2j
VxTT = 2
Tu' (1) t a CO a = 2200 - c, t h a y vao (2), s u y r a c = 1500. fX-2
vcii h a i a n X , Y Suy r a . G i a i he t a dLfofc
T\i do, a = 2200 - 1500 = 700. V a y t r o n g n g a y do c6 1500 t r e Y = l =1
[y + 2
e m v a 700 n g u o i I o n vao t h a m q u a n h o i chd.
x = 3
3.18. C h o n (B). T h e y = - x vao h a i p h t f a n g t r i n h cua he t a duac:
4 •• • iy = i '
V a y he d a cho eo n g h i e m (x = 3 ; y = 1).
3x — X= 6
1 3x = 12 x = 4
<=> < <=> 3.22. C h p n (C). G p i b l a g i a t i l n m o t cay b u t c h i , t l a g i a m o t cay
4ax + 3x = - 1 2 4ax + 3\ - 1 2
ax + - X = - 3 b u t b i t a CO
4
' 1 3 b + 4t = 4870 (1)
=:>4a.4 + 3.4 = - 1 2 « a = --. 6b + 2 t = ' 2 3 2 0 . (2)
2
3 *^ G i a i he h a i p h u d n g t r i n h (1) v a ^(2) t a c6 b = 2 3 0 , t = 470.
V a y ^~~2 ^^'^ n g h i e m x = 4, y = 3 ( t h o a d i e u k i e n
3.23. C h p n (E). Co thh ti§n h a n h n h i i cac each n o i d (A), (B), (C),
bai toan). ). T u y n h i e n , t r o n g cac c a u n a y , k e t q u a k h o n g d i i n g . T a eo t h e
d u n g t i n h c h a t t i le t h i i c n h i i s a u : T i r (2) t a eo
3.19. C h o n (A). G p i t l a c h i i so h a n g chuc v a u l a chvi so h a n g d o n v i
x _ 5 x _ y _ x + y _ x + y _ 1 8 _ 3

7~
c u a so d a cho t a c6
7 ^ 5 " '7 ~ y+7 " T 2 " " ~ 12 ~ 2 •
t + u = 7 (1)
(Do X + y = 18.) T u do s u y r a
10u + t = 1 0 t + u + 2 7 h a y u - t = 3. (2j
x ^ 3 15 y 3 21
Tijf (2) t a dupe u = t + 3. t h a y vao p h u o n g t n n h (1) t a c6 2 t = 4, s u y r a x = — ; - = -=>y = —
5 2 2 7 2 2
t = 2 v a u = 5. V a y s6 d a cho l a 25. T h u l a i :
V a y n g h i e m cua he l a x = 7,5 v a y =10,5.
2 + 5 = 7, 52 - 25 = 2 7 , d u n g .
Cdch khdc: T i i p h u d n g t r i n h (2) cua he t a c6 y = ^ x , t h a y vao
3.20. C h o n (B). V i (-3 ; 2) l a n g h i e m cua he n e n t a c6:

- 3 m + I0 = 6 n - l l - 3m - 6 n = - 2 1 - 3m - 6n = - 2 1 ) va tifip tuc d l d i den k e t qua.

<=> <
- 1 2 + 2ii = 7 - 5 m 5 m + 2 n = 19 I 5 m + 6n = 57 3.24. C h p n (B). T h a y x = 4; y = 3 vac he d a cho t a dupe
C o n g h a i p h u o n g t r i n h t r e n t a dupe 1 2 m = 36, s u y r a m = 3. Tvf do, 4a + 12 = 5 b - 1 0 f 4 a - 5 b = -22
45 + 6 n = 5 7 , s u y r a n =2. 12 + 3b = 7 - 4 a 4a + 3b = - 5
V a y ( m = 3 ; n = 2 ) l a g i a t r i can t i m . 17 51 _ 91
^uy r a - 8 b = - 1 7 , h a y b = . T u - do, 4a + = - 5 , hay a = - - -
3.21. C h o n (C). D a t 8 8 32

,25. C h p n (C). G i a s i i p h u d n g t r i n h d u d n g t h f t n g (d) l a y = ax + b.

3 K h i x = 3 t h i y = 7, do do, 3a + b = 7. K h i y = 2 t h i y = 3, do do
Y =
y+ 2 + b = 3. G i a i he g 6 m h a i p h u d n g t r i n h n a y t a dupe

GG
 x = (2m - 6)/(m - 2); y = m / ( m - 2).
a = 4 v a b = 3 - 2 a = 3 - 8 = -5.
Nhir vay, phvfong t r i n h dvtdng thing (d) la y = 4x - 5. Suy r a diiong 3 31. Chon (D). Gpi x va y theo t h i i t u la thoi gian de m o t m i n h
thSng song song voi no se c6 dang y = 4x + c. V i du6ng thSng nay di jiguPi thijf nhat, ngiiPi t h i i h a i l a m xong cong viec (x, y > 12, t i n h r a
qua didm ( - 1 ; - 2 ) nen - 2 = - 4 + c, hay c = 2. Vay duOng thing cdi! gic)) Theo dd bai t a c6 he phiiPng t r i n h :
t i m CO phuOng t r i n h la y = 4x + 2.
x y 12
3.26. Chon (A). Gpi x Ja so tihn goi c» ngan hang A, y la s6 t i l n goi o
4^6 2
ngan hang B. Ta c6 he
X y 5
x + y = 12000000
Giai he nay ta eo x = 20, y = 30 (dat an phu u = 1/x, v = 1/y).
^ 0,09x+ 0,1 l y = 1180000'
Ca h a i g i a . t r i nay deu thoa m a n cae dieu kien cua de bai. Vay:
Giai r a ta duoc x = 7000000, y = 5000000 d6ng.
NguOi J.hii n h a t l a m mot m i n h trong 20 gio t h i xong cong viec,
3.27. Chon (C). Goi x (km/h) la v a n toe ciia 6 to khdi hanh tCr A ; ngu'di t h i i hai l a m mot m i n h t r o n g 30 gid t h i xong cong viec.
y (km/h) la v a n toe ciia 6 to kho'i h a n h tCr B.
3.32. Chpn(E).
(Dieu k i e n x > 5 ; y > 0 ).
TCr de r a l a p dUgfc he: 3.33. Chon (B). Lap l u a n ciia hoc sinh do sai ngay tiJ giai doan (1),
x-y =5 boi v i hpe sinh do da s i i dung dau tuOng dupng khong diing. Ta phai
3x + 3y = 225 vi^t:
G i a i he t a diio'c: x = 40, y = 35 (tho'a dieu k i e n ) . X - my = 0 ( m " - l)x = m(m +1)
(1)
Vay v a n toe ciia 6 to kho'i h a n h tii A la 40 k m / h ; mx - y = m + 1 (m" - l ) y = m + 1
van toe ciia 6 to kho'i h a n h tii B la 35 k m / h .
9 , ^ ,
* N e u TO. ^ + 1: he CO mot nghiem
3.28. Chon (E). 0 cau (a), ve t r a i chia het eho 3, ve phai t h i khong, m 1
X= y =
do do phifOng t r i n h v6 nghiem. Tiiong t i i , phuong t r i n h (b) v6 m -1 m-1y
nghiem, v i ve t r a i chia het eho 11, eon ve phai t h i khong. Neu m = - 1 : mpi x, y thoa m a n x = - y deu la nghiem (chii

3.29. Chon (A). khong phai mpi x, y deu la nghiem).

* Neu m = 1: he v6 nghiem.
3.30. C h o n ( D ) . T i f ( 2 ) t a c 6 y = 3 - x . Thay v a o ( l ) : DSu tUdng diiOng da l a m k ^ t l u a n (2) eiia loi giai b i sai.
mx + 2 ( 3 - x ) = m o (m-2)x = 2 m - 6 . (3)
.34. Chon (E). N ^ u m = 0, he t h i i nhSt tro t h a n h
+ N ^ u , m - ? ^ 0 hay m = 2 t h i (3) t r d t h a n h 0 = - 2, v6
2y = l
nghiem.
2x=-r
+ NIU m - 2 9t 0 hay m ^ 2 t h i tvf (3) ta eo:
~ n phUdng t r i n h t h i i n h a t ciia he t h i i h a i khong diidc xac d i n h . Do
x = ( m - 6)/(m - 2).
6 h a i he khong tUdng diidng trong t r i l d n g hdp m = 0.
Thay vao (2), suy r a : '
y = 3 - ( m - 6)/(m - 2) = 2 m / ( m - 2). K h i m ^ 0, phudng t r i n h t h i i hai cua h a i he gi6ng n h a u , con
Luc do, he c6 nghiem duy nhat:
phuong t r i n h thuf n h a t cua h a i he tuong duong nhau. Do do, h a i he jsjghiem
•M x, y nguyen neu va chi neu m + 1 = 1 hay m + 1 = - 1 . T u do
da cho tuOng duong. 111 = 0 hay m = - 2 .
V i vay, cac cau (A), (B) va (C) d4u sai.
3.39. Chon (D). Phudng t r i n h 32x + 40y = 38 khong the c6 nghiem
Ta CO (D) Cling la cau sai, v i k h i m = 2, h a i he phuong t r i n h
jiguyen v i (32, 40) = 8, n h u n g 38 khong chia het cho 8.
deu CO v6 so nghiem. ^
3.40. Chon (B). N h a n (1) voi a roi cong voi (2) ta dude
3.35. Chon (C). Goi x (x la so t i f nhien) la so dung cu moi cong nhan
(a" + l)y = 2a .
phai l a m trong mot gid; thdi gian moi cong nhan phai l a m la y gid
2a
'Cy > 0). Ta c6 V i a' +15^ 0 voi moi a nen y = — . Thay vao (1) ta dude
(x + 2 ) ( y - 2 ) = xy xy - 2x + 2y - 4 = xy a" + 1
<=> < 2a^
(x + 4)(y - 3) = xy + 6 [xy - 3x + 4y - 1 2 = xy + 6 x = -ay = I -
a' + l a- + l
' 2x + 2y = 4
<=> < 1-a- 2a
- 3 x + 4y = 18 Vay he eo nghiem duy nhat ' 1 ' ' 1

x-10 a" + l a' + l

Giai he tren ta dude N h u vay, (B) la cau sai (sai v i tu' "chi"). Chil y: Cau (C) dung,
y = 12
%e CO nghiem duy nhat voi moi a nen hien nhien no c6 nghiem duy
Vay so dung cu moi cong nhan phai l a m la 120.
nhat khi a ^ 1.

3.36. Chon (B). Thay X j = 2, Xa = - 3 Ian ludt vao phuong t r i n h

] 3.41. Chon (C). T u (1) suy ra y = mx - 2m, thay vao (2) ta dude:
i\x)=0:
4x - 2 - m(mx - 2 m ) = m + 6 <=> (4 - n r )x = - 2 m " + m + 6
4a-3b = 6
< ^ ( m - - 4 ) x = ( m - 2 ) ( 2 m + 3). (3)
6a + 3b = 24.
i) 111" - 4 0 <=> m ±2 : He eo nghiem duy nhat:
Giai he phiidng t r i n h nay, ta c6 a = 3, b = 2.
2m+ 3 2m"+3m -m
V6i a = 3, b = 2, ta c6: ; y = m x - 2 m =^ -2m =
m +2 m +2 m +2
x^ + x-6= X - - 4 + x - 2 = ( x - 2 ) ( x + 2 + l) = ( x - 2 ) ( x + 3). (2x-y=:4
ii) m = 2: He tro t h a n h o 2x - y = 4 . He eo v6 so
Rd r a n g la phiidng t r i n h f ( x ) = 0 c6 nghiem X i = 2, X2 = - 3. [4x-2y = 8

3.37. Chon (D). Dat u = 2x - y ; v - 2x + y . Dap s6: x = 2 ; y = 1. 'nghiem (x ; 2x - 4 ) , x e R.

i i i ) m = - 2: (3) t r d t h a n h Ox = 4: He v6 nghiem.
X +y=2
3.38. Chon (C). K h i m = - 1 , he \ v6 nghiem. 3.42. Chon (E). X t t hai triidng hop x > - 1 va x < - 1 . K h i do, ta can
mx - y = m
*ai hai he tudng ung vdi hai triidng hop do:
K h i m ^ - 1 , he t r d t h a n h f2x + 3v = l - 2 x + 3y = 5
va
X =1 + 7x + 5y = 9 - 7 x + 5y = 23'
1 + ni
Dap s6: ( 2 , - 1 ) ; ( - 4 , - 1 ) .

1+ m
3.43. C h o n ( A ) . G i a i h e p h u o n g t r i n h d a cho, t a n h a n t h ^ y , v 6 i m o i S u y r a : d = 13.
u'1 - ' J m+ 3 5m-2
m , h e l u o n co n g m e m d u y n h a t x = ;y = 3.47. C h p n ( A ) . G p i x ( x u ) l a g i a m o t c a y b u t v a y ( x u ) l a g i a i n p t c£iy
17 17
t h i i o c . T a c6 2x + 3y = 190 va x - y = 20. G i a i h e g o m h a i p h u d n g
Ttjf do, s u y r a k e t q u a n i > — . t r i n h n a y t a diipc x = 50 v a y = 30. V a y g i a c u a 2 c a y t h u o c v a 3 c a y
b u t l a 3 x + 2 y = 150 + 6 0 = 2 1 0 x u = 2,10 d 6 n g .
3.44. C h p n ( E ) . G p i x , y ( x , y > 0) I a n l i i p t l a c h i g u d a i v a c h i l u r p n g
c u a t h i i a r u p n g h i n h chuf n h a t . T h e o d l b a i t a c6 3.48. C h p n ( C ) . G p i x , y , z I a n l u d t l a s6 p h A n b l m a m 6 i v o i A , B , C
J x + y = 125 c h a y dupe t r o n g 1 g i d . T h ^ t h i t a c6 h e g 6 m b a p h u d n g t r i n h :
[(x + 1 5 ) ( y - 1 5 ) = x y - 4 5 0 x + y+z = l , (1)
1
j x + y = 125 (2)
X + z =
1,5
' ^ t''y-15x + 15y-225 = xy-450
1
fx + y = 125 J x + y = 125 y . z = - . (3)

- 1 5 x + 15y = - 2 2 5 ^ |-x + y = -15'

C o n g h a i p h u d n g t r i n h (2) v a (3) t a dude :
S u y r a 2 y = 110, y = 55. T i i do, X = 70.
X + y + 2z = - . (4)
V a y d i e n t i c h t h u a r u p n g l a 3850m^. 6
3.45. Chpn(B). Taco:
k h a n (1) v 6 i 2 r 6 i trvf v o i phvfdng t r i n h (4), s u y r a : x + y = - . NhM
ni 6
m + n = m n c i > m + n ( l - m ) = 0<=> n = ( v o i m ^ 1)
m-1
|vay n § u h a i v o i A v a B c u n g c h a y t h i se l a m d a y hk t r o n g ^ = 1,2 g i d .
<=> n = 1 - -
m-1
13.49. C h p n ( A ) . T a c6 (x : y ) + (z : x ) = y : z. D o d o , x + y = z n g u
V i m , n e Z n e n m - 1 = 1 h a y m - 1 = - 1 , do d o m = 2 h a y m = 0.
X + y < 60.
Vay CO t M ca 2 cSp ( 2 , 2) v a ( 0 , 0).
N^u X + y > 60 t h i X + y = z + 60.
Cdch khdc: m + n = m n <=> ( m - 1) ( n - 1) = 1
K h i X + y = z , t a CO X + z = y (cong t h e o cot gicj), h e h a i
c : > m - l = n - l = l hay m - l = n - l = - l
* p h u d n g t r i n h n a y cho t a x = 0.
<=>(m.n) = { 2 , 2 ) h a y ( 0 , 0).
K h i x + y = z + 6 0 , t a c 6 x + z + l = y (cong t h e o cot gicJ), h e
3.46. C h p n ( C ) . G p i a, b , c v a d l a so t i e n n g u o i t h i i 1 , 2, 3 v a 4 p h a i l h a i p h u d n g t r i n h n a y k h o n g cho t a n g h i e m x n g u y e n .
t r a . T a c6 h e p h u o n g t r i n h :

a + b + c + d = 60
a = - (60 - a)
a = — (b + c + d )
2 a = 20
< ^ b = 15
<=> < b = ^ (60 - b )
b = ^ ( a + c + d) 3 c = 12

c = - ( 6 0 - c)
^ c = - ^ ( a + b + d) 4
 (D) Ham s6 y = ^ x" c6 d6 t h i la mot parabol quay be 16m len

HAMS6Y = AXMA;^O) en.

(E) Ham s6 y = - 2 x - c6 d6 t h i la mot parabol quay b4 16m
PHl/dNG TRINH BAG BAG HAI MOT AN uong du6i.
'.3. Cho hai ham so y = - 2 x - , y = x - 3. Hay tim toa dp giao
em cua hai do t h i .
A 3
(A) (1 ; - 2 ) ; ( 2 ; - 8 ) (B) (1 : - 2 ) ;

TRAC NGHIEM KI§N THLTC VA THONG HIEU

I 2 2j
(C) ( 2 ; - 8 ) ; ( 4 ; - 1 8 ) (D) ( 6 ; - 8 ) ; ( 3 ; - 1 8 )
(E) Mot k^t qua khac.
4.1. Xet cac cau sau:
4.4. Cho ham so y = fix) = 2x1
(1) Neu a > 0 thi ham so y = ax" luon luon dong bien.
(1) Day la ham d6ng bi^n khi x > 0.
(2) Neu a < 0 thi ham so y = ax" luon luon nghich bien. (2) / ( ^ / 2 - l ) > f ( l ) .
(3) Neu a > 0 t h i ham so y = ax" nghich bien khi x < 0 va (3) fI-105) > f(-102).
dong bieri khi x > 0. (4) Day la ham nghich bien khi x < 0.
(4) Neu a < 0 t h i ham so y = ax" d6ng bidn khi x < 0 va Hay chpn cau sai trong cac cau sau:
nghich bien khi x > 0. Trong cac phat bieu tren:
(A) (1) va (2) la cac phat bieu diing.
(A) Chi CO hai cau (1) va (2) dung. ^
(B) (1) va (3) la cac phat bieu diing.
(B) Chi CO hai cau (1) va (3) dung.
(C) (2) va (4) la cac phat bieu diing.
(C) Chi CO hai cau (2) va (3) dung.
(D) (1), (3) va (4) la cac phat b i l u dung.
(D) Chi CO hai cau (3) va (4) dung.
(E) Co i t nhat mot phat bieu sai.
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu dung.
4.5. PhuOng trinh cua parabol c6 dinh tai goc toa dp va d i qua
4.2. Chon cau sai trong cac cau sau:
d i l m (-2 ; 4) la:
(A) Do t h i ham so y = ax^ la parabol c6 dinh tai O, nhan Ox
lam true doi xiing. ( A ) y = 3x ( B ) y = 2x2 ( C ) y = 3x2

(B) Ham s6 y = - 2 x - dong bien khi x < 0, (D) y = -x2 (E)y = x'f
nghich bien k h i x > 0. 4.6. Cau nao sau day sai:
(A) x"* + 3x + 5 = 0 khong phai la phuong trinh bac hai.
(C) Ham so y = ^ x" dong bien khi x > 0,
3 (B) x^ + 2x = mx + m la phuong trinh bac hai vdi mpi m.
nghich bien khi x < 0. (C) 2x^ + p(3x - 1) = 1 + p la phuong trinh bac hai voi mpi p-
(D) (m - l)x" + n = 0 la phuong trinh bac hai vdi mpi m, n.
74
 (E) T ^ t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
(3) A > 0: phudng t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem: 2 = —^ ^ ^ .
4.7. Xet cac cau sau: 2a
T r o n g cac cau t r e n :
(1) PhUdng t r i n h bac h a i mot an so la phiiong t r i n h c6 dang
(A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing.
ax"+bx + c = 0,
(C) C h i c 6 ( l ) v a ( 2 ) l a h a i c a u diing.
t r o n g do, a, b, c l a cac so cho trvfdc, dude gpi la cac he so, va a ? t 0.
(2) PhUdng trinh thieu c: + bx = 0 , vPi a =A 0, l u o n c6 h a i (D) Khong CO cau nad sai. (E) Tkt ca ba cau deu sai.

nghiem l a x = O v a x = - — . Trong trtfdng hdp b = 0, h a i nghiem 4.10. De giai phudng t r i n h ax^ + bx + c = 0 , trong t r u d n g hdp b l a s6
a
chSn, t a lap A' = b'^ - ac, vdi b = 2b'. K h i dd:
t r u n g n h a u (bSng 0).
(1) A'< 0: phudng t r i n h V d nghiem.
(3) PhUdng trinh thiiu b: a x ^ + c = 0 , vdi a ^ 0, v6 nghiem _ ^1

' c (2) A' = 0: phifdng t r i n h c6 nghiem kep x^ = X2 = .

neu — < 0 . 2a
a
^ ^'
Trong cac cau t r e n :
(3) A > 0: phudng t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem: x^ 2 = •
(A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. (B) C h i c6 cau (2) dung. a
(C) C h i CO cau (3) dung. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai. T r d n g cac cau t r e n :
(E) T a t ca ba cau deu sai. (A) Ca ba cau deu dung.
(B) C h i CO (1) va (2) la h a i cau dung.
4.8. Xet cac cau sau:
(C) C h i CO (1) va (3) la h a i cau diing.
(1) Phudng t r i n h a x ' + c = 0 , vdi a ^ 0, l u o n c6 h a i nghiem
(D) C h i CO (2) va (3) la h a i cau diing. ,
phan biet la x, = (E) T a t ca ba cau deu sai.

4.11. G i a i phiidng t r i n h 7x^ - 12x + 5 = 0.

(2) N4U a va C t r a i dau t h i phudng t r i n h ax^ + bx + c = 0 luon
(A) M o t nghiem bkng 1, nghiem k i a khong phai so nguyen.
CO h a i nghiem phan biet.
14
(3) Nku a va c cung dSu t h i phudng t r i n h a x " + b x + c = 0 (B) M o t nghiem bSng — , nghiem k i a la so nguyen.
luon c6 nghiem kep.
23
T r o n g cac cau t r e n : ^ (C) M o t nghiem bSng — , nghiem k i a la so nguyen.
(A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. 49
(B) Co khong qua 1 cau diing. (C) Chi c6 cau (3) dung. (D) M o t nghiem bang 1, nghiem k i a la so v6 t i .
(D) Khong CO cau nao sai. (E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai. (E) Tit ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.

4.9. De giai mot phiiong t r i n h bac h a i , trong trudng hop tong quat, Pi.l2. Cho h a i phudng t r i n h sau day:
ta l a m n h u sau: lap biet thiic A = b" - 4ac . K h i do: (l)x--6x +8= 0; (2)*x2+2x-3 = y.
(1) A < 0 : phUdng t r i n h vd nghiem. \
(A) Phifdng t r i n h (1) cd nghiem kep, phiidng t r i n h (2) vd
(2) A = 0: phvfdng t r i n h cd nghiem kep x i = X 2 = — .
nghiem.
2a
(B) Phifdng t r i n h (1) c6 nghiem kep, phudng t r i n h (2) c6 h a i
•7(i
 -2±^/66 (B) Phvfdng t r i n h t r e n v6 nghiem k h i m = 1.
nghiem la ^ .
(C) Phuong t r i n h t r e n luon luon c6 h a i nghiem phan biet vdi
(C) Phuong t r i n h (2) c6 hai nghiem la phuong moi n i ^ 1.
(D) Phudng t r i n h t r e n luon luon v6 nghiem vdi moi m 1.
t r i n h (1) c6 hai nghiem la 2 va 4. (E) T ^ t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
(D) Ca h a i phuong t r i n h deu c6 nghiem kep. 2 2
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren d i u sai. 4.17. Cho phifdng t r i n h : (m - l ) x - 2mx + m - 1 = 0 (vdi m
la t h a m so).
4.13. Giai phudng t r i n h x " - (V3 + sl2)\ ^l6=0.
(A) K h i m = 2, ca h a i nghiem deu la cac so nguyen diidng.
(A) M o t nghiem la so v6 t i , nghiem kia la so nguyen.
(B) K h i m = 2, ca h a i nghiem deu la cac so v6 t i .
(B) Ca h a i nghiem deu la so h u u t i .
(C) K h i m = 2, mot nghiem la so v6 t i , nghiem k i a la so
(C) M o t nghiem bang 16\/l73 , nghiem k i a la so nguyen.
nguyen.
(D) Mot nghiem la so h u u t i , nghiem k i a la so v6 t i . (D) K h i m = 2, ca hai nghiem deu la cac so nguyen am.
(E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. (E) T a t ca cac cau tren deu sai.

4.14. Xet phuong t r i n h (m - 4 ) x " - 2 m x + m - 2 = 0,. 4.18. Xet phudng t r i n h (1 - m)x + mx - . 1 = 0.

(1) PhUdng t r i n h tren c6 nghiem kep k h i va chi k h i m = 2.
(1) Phuong t r i n h t r e n v6 nghiem voi moi m.
(2) Vdi moi gia t r i m, phudng t r i n h tren luon c6 nghiem.
(2) Phuong t r i n h tren c6 hai nghiem phan biet v6i moi m.
4 • ' 1 (3) T6n t a i mot gia t r i m de phUdng t r i n h tren c6 h a i nghiem
(3) Vdi m = - , phUdng t r i n h t r e n c6 nghiem kep x = - - . phan biet.
3 2
Trong cac cau tren: ,
T r o n g cac cau tren:
(A) C h i C O cau (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dving.
(A) Chi C O cau (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing.
iC) C h i C O cau (3) dung. (D) Khong c6 cau nad dving.
(C) Chi C O cau (3) dung. (D) Khong c6 cau nao'sai.
(E) T a t ca ba cau deu dung.
(E) T a t ca ba cau deu sai.

4.15. Giai phudng t r i n h : - (a+b)x + ab = 0 vdi a, b la hai. s6 4.19. (1) Ndu phifdng t r i n h ax^ + bx + c = 0 (a 0) c6 h a i nghiem
b c
nguyen phan biet cho trudc. Xj, X2 t h i S = X j + X 2 = — va P = X 1 . X 2 = - .
a a
(A) M d t nghiem la so v6 t i , nghiem k i a la so nguyen.
(2) N§u hai s6 x, y thoa man S = x + y, P = xy t h i x, y la
(B) Ca hai nghiem deu la so nguyen.
(C) Mot nghiem bang a + b, nghiem k i a la s6 nguyen. -.ghiem cua phiidng t r i n h t^ - St + P = 0.
(D) M o t nghiem la so h u u t i , nghiem k i a la so v6 t i . (3') N§u cac he s6 cua phUdng t r i n h bac h a i ax' + bx + c = 0
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai. thoa m a n a + b + c = 0 t h i phudng t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem
c
4.16. Cho phudng t r i n h (m - l)x^ - 2mx + m + 1 = 0, trong do m la x = 1 va X = — .

t h a m so. a
T r o n g cac cau tren:
(A) Phudng t r i n h tren c6 nghiem kep k h i m = 1.
(A) Chi C O cau (1) sai. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) sai.

78 79
 (C) Chi CO cau ( 3 ) sai. (D) Co i t nhat mot cau dung.
4.22. Cho h a i s6 x, y, b i i t x + y = 12 va x.y = 36. T i n h x, y.
(E) Tat ca ba cau d^u sai.
(A) X = 4, y = 8 (B) X = 5, y = 7 (C) 3^ =y = 6
4.20. T i m hai so biet tong cua chiing bSng 3 , tich bSng - 7 0 . (D) X = 10, y = 2 (E) X = 9, y = 3.

Mot hoc sinh dd gidi nhu sau:

4.23. Nam noi: "Toi cho mot c5p so bat k i . Toi luon t i m difdc h a i so
(1) H a i so do la nghiem cua phvfdng t r i n h X~ - 3X + 70 = 0 . nhan cSp s6 do l a m tong va tich." NhUng Viet phdn doi: "Chua ch4c
(2) Giai phifong t r i n h t r e n ta dvfdc hai nghiem dau. Ta bi§t rSng h a i so do se la h a i nghiem cua phifdng t r i n h bac
X = 10 va y = - 7 .
jiai X^ - SX + P = 0. N h u n g dau c6 phai la mot phudng t r i n h bac h a i
(3) H a i so phai t i m la 10 va - 7 .
t h i luon CO nghiem!"
(A) Ldi giai tren dung hoan toan. E m hay n g h i xem ban nao phat bieu diing.
(B) T h u l a i , 10 va - 7 khong phai la h a i so phai t i m . (A-) N a m noi dung. (B) Viet noi diing.
(C) 10 va - 7 chinh la h a i so phai t i m , t u y nhien, phuong (C) Ca h a i cung noi dung. (D) Ca h a i cung noi sai.
t r i n h a(1) phai dupe vidt la X - + 3 X - 7 0 = 0 .
4.24. Cho ba phUdng t r i n h
(D) 10 va - 7 chinh la h a i so phai t i m , t u y nhien, phuong
m = 0 (1), g(x) = 0 (2), fl;x).g(x) = 0 (3).
t r i n h 6 ( 1 ) phai dvfpcvi§t la X ^ - 3 X - 7 0 = 0 . ( I ) N4U SI,S2 l i n lUdt la tap nghiem cua (1), (2) t h i tap
(E) Tat ca cac nhan xet t r e n deu sai.
nghiem cua phiidng t r i n h la S = u S2 .
4.21. Hung noi: Neu X j = 1 la nghiem cua phifdng t r i n h bac h a i ( I D N 4 U S|,S2 l ^ n lUdt la tap nghiem cua (1), (2) t h i tap
ax" + bx + c = 0 , t h i thay vao he thuc V i - e t , ta c6 nghiem k i a la nghiem cua phiidng t r i n h ( 3 ) la S = S| n 8 3 .
c c
XT = = - . (in) N 4 U mot t r p n g h a i phifdng t r i n h (1) va (2) v6 nghiem t h i
ax| a phvfdng t r i n h ( 3 ) ciing v6 nghiem.
Dung noi: N^u cac he so cua phuong trinh bac hai Trong cac cau t r e r :
ax^ + bx + c = 0 thoa m a n a - b + c = 0 t h i no c6 hai nghiem (A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing.
X = - 1 va X = — . (C) Chi CO cau ( 3 ) diing. (D) Co i t nhat h a i cau diing.
a (E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai.
Thong noi: Phat bieu cua H u n g va D u n g sai. Phai gia thiet
4.25. Cho phiidng t r i n h bac h a i x^ + (k - l ) x - k = 0, trong do x la
t h e m la phiJdng t r i n h c6 hai nghiem phdn biet t h i phat bieu cua
an so.
H u n g va D u n g mdi dung.
(A) Phifdng t r i n h luon c6 nghiem kep bSng 2.
. Theo em t h i ai noi dung ?
(B) Phtfdng t r i n h c6 nghiem kep bang 2 chi k h i k = 2.
(A) C h i CO H u n g va D u n g noi dung. (C) PhUdng t r i n h luon c6 hai nghiem la 1 va k.
(B) Chi CO Thong noi diing. (D) Phuong t r i n h c6 nghiem kep bang 1 chi k h i k = - 1 .
(C) Ca ba d§u diing. (E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n d4u sai.
(D) Tat ca ba ngudi tren deu noi sai.
4.26. Cho phuong t r m h = —^
2-x 2x-+l
 (A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
V6"i dieu kien x ^ 2, c6 the dua v4 phiiOng t r i n h bac h a i
(C) Chi CO cau (3) dung. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(A) x ^ + 2 x - l = 0 • (B) 2 x - + x - l = 0
(E) C h i C O 2 cau diing.
(C) 3 x - + 2 x - l = 0 (D) x - + x - 5 = 0
(E) - 2 x 2 + 2 x - l = 0. X" »
4.31. Cho parabol y = — va duong thSng y = - 2x - 4.
4.27. Cho phuong t r i n h : 2x^ - 3mx - 2 = 0. 4
(A) V6i moi gia t r i cua m, phuong t r i n h luon c6 h a i nghiem (A) Parabol cat diidng t h a n g t a i h a i diem phan biet.
phan biet, nghiem nay la nghich dao nghiem k i a . (B) Parabol cat dvfPng t h a n g t a i diem duy n h a t ( - 2 ; 2).
(C) Parabol khong cat duOng thang.
(B) Voi mpi gia t r i cua m, phuPng t r i n h luon c6 h a i nghiem
(D) Parabol tiep xuc v6i dUong thang, tiep diem la ( - 4 ; 4).
phan biet, nghiem nay la so doi cua nghiem k i a .
(C) Voi mpi gia t r i cua m , phuOng t r i n h luon c6 h a i nghiem (^) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.

phan biet, so doi cua nghiem nay la nghich dao cua nghiem k i a . .32. T r o n g m a t phang tpa dp Oxy, cho h a m so y = ax^.
(D) Voi mpi gia t r i cua m, phuPng t r i n h luon c6 nghiem kep. . (1) N§u do t h i (P) cua h a m s6 t r e n d i qua diem A ( - 1 ; 1) t h i
(E) Voi mpi gia t r i m > 0, phuong t r i n h luon c6 h a i nghiem a = 1. •
phan biet, nghiem nay bang hai Ian nghiem k i a . (2) Dircjng t h a n g (d) d i qua A va c6 he so goc bang 1 t h i c6

2 2 1 hudng t r i n h y = x + 2.
4.28. Giai phuong t r i n h : = - , ta diidc: (3) Tpa dp giao d i l m B (khac A ) cua (P) va (d) la (2 ; 4).
3-x 3+x 2 Trong cac cau tren:
(A) M o t nghiem h u u t i va mot nghiem v6 t i . (A) C h i C O cau (1) diing. (B) C h i c6 cau (2) diing.
(B) Mot nghiem nguyen duong va mot nghiem v6 t i . (C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(C) Mot nghiem nguyen am va mot nghiem v6 t i . (E) Chi CO 2 cau diing.
(D) Mot nghiem nguyen duOng va mot nghiem nguyen am.
4.33. B i e t mot nghiem ciia phifong t r i n h x^ + 3x - c = 0 la so doi cua
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai, v i phuong t r i n h v6 nghiem.
pt nghiem ciia phuong t r i n h x^ - 3x + c = 0, c la so thuc, the t h i
4.29. Gpi X ] , x, la hai nghiem phan biet cua phuong t r i n h
nghiem ciia phuong t r i n h x^ - 3x + c = 0 la:
3x- - hx = b. Ta c6 X j + x, bang
(A) 1 ; 2 (B) - 1 ; - 2 (C) 0 ; 3
(A) (B) - (C) - (D)2b e) --.
3 3 3 3 (D) ^ ^ (E) M o t k ^ t qua khac.
4.30. Xet cac cau sau:
4.34. T r o n g cac he thiic sau, he thiic nao diiPc gpi la doi xiing giita
(1) Phuong t r i n h t r u n g phuOng la phuong t r i n h c6 dang
hai nghiem, nghia l a , nku thay d6i vai tro giiJa h a i nghiem t h i khong
ax"* + bx + c = 0 (a 0).
l a m t h a y doi he thiic do ?
(2) Dat t = X , voi t > 0, ta CO the dua phuong t i ' i n h t r u n g
phuong ve phuong t r i n h bac hai de giai. (1) x f + x^, (2) — + — (3) + (4) ^ +

(3) Phuong t r i n h t r u n g phuPng khong the nao chi c6 diing

(A) He thiic (1) • (B) He thiic (2) (C) He thiic (3)
mot nghiem.
(D) He thiic (4) (E) T a t ca 4 he thiic.
Trong cac cau tren:
83
 (1) PhUdng t r i n h c6 nghiem v6i moi gia t r i ciaa m.
T R A C N G H I $ M KT N A N G T I N H T O A N
B (2) PhUdng t r i n h c6 nghiem vdi moi m ; t 3.
VA KHA NANG S U Y LUAN C A O
(3) Phiidng t r i n h c6 nghiem kep vdi m = 1.
T r o n g cac oau t r e n :
(A) C h i CO h a i cau (1) va (2) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
4.35. Xet cac cau sau: (C) C h i CO h a i cau (2) va (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(1) Phifong t r i n h bac h a i c6 h a i nghiem t r a i diu <=> P = - < 0. (E) T ^ t ca ba cau dhu sai.
a
4.39. Cho phiTdng t r i n h : (m - l ) x ^ - 2mx + m^ - 1 = 0 (voi m
fA>0
(2) PhUong t r i n h bac h a i c6 h a i nghiem cung dau o la t h a m so). T i m cac gia t r i cua m de phUdng t r i n h c6 n g h i e m - 1 .
P>0
(A) Khong t i m diidc m.
A>0
(B) C h i CO mot gia t r i cua m thoa man.
(3) Phvfong t r i n h bac h a i c6 h a i nghiem duong o iP>0.
(C) Co h a i gia t r i cua m thoa man.
S>0 (D) Co 3 gia t r i ciia m thoa m a n .
A >0
(E) Co v6 so gia t r i cua m thoa man.
(4) PhUdng t r i n h bac h a i c6 hai nghiem am P>0.
1.40. T r o n g cac he thiic sau, he thiic nao diing ?
S<0 ' 1 1 S
(1) x f + x^ = S 2 - 2 P ; (2) — + — P
T r o n g cac cau tren: X2

(A) C h i CO cau (1) diing. (B) Chi CO cau (2) dung. 1 1 S^-2P
(3) x f + x ^ = S ( S ^ - 3 P ) ; (4)-^ +^ =
(C) Chi CO cau (3) dung. (D) Khong CO cau nao sai. p2
4
(E) T a t ca bon cau d§u sai.
(A) He thiic (1) (B) He thiic (2) (C) He thiic (3)
4.36. T i m m de phUdng t r i n h sau c6 h a i nghiem t r a i dau: . (D) He thiic (4) (E) T M ca 4 he thiic.

- 3x + m - 2 = 0.
4.41. Cho phifdng t r i n h : x^ - 2 (m + 2) x + 2 m ' + 7 = 0.
(A) m < 2 (B) m < 3 (C) m > 2 (D) m > 3 (E) m < 4.
(A) N6u phiTdng t r i n h c6 nghiem x = 5 t h i day la nghiem duy
4.37. Xet phifcing t r i n h 4x^ + 4(m - l ) x + m^ + 1 = 0. hh^t. Trong trudng hop nay, m = 2.
(1) Phvfong t r i n h t r e n c6 nghiem k h i va chi k h i m < 0. (B) N^u phuong t r i n h c6 nghiem x = 5 t h i nghiem con l a i la 4.

(2) Phuong t r i n h t r e n c6 nghiem k h i va chi k h i m > 2. I (C) NSu phUdng t r i n h c6 nghiem x = 5 t h i m = 3. Trong t r u o n g

(3) Phuong t r i n h t r e n c6 nghiem kep k h i va chi k h i m = 0. lidp nay, x = 5 l a nghiem duy nhat.

T r o n g cac cau tren: I (D) Ca ba cau t r e n d i u sai.

(A) C h i CO cau (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung. I. (E) T ^ t ca cac cau tren deu sai.
(C) Chi c6 cau (3) dung. (D) Khong c6 cau nao dung. ^4.42. Cho phiidng t r i n h x ^ - 4 m x + 1 1 = 0.
(E) Chi CO h a i cau (1) va (3) dung. I Vdi gia t r i nao cua m t h i phudng t r i n h c6 nghiem so kep?

4.38. Cho phuong t r i n h (m - 3)x^ - 2(m + l ) x - 3m + 1 = 0, v6i m la T i n h nghiem s6 kep do.

t h a m so', x la an so'.
 (A) m = ± ^ ; X , =±Vrr '4.46. Parabol (P) c6 phvfdng t r i n h y = - d i qua h a i d i l m A , B c6
hoanh do Ian lUdt la . Cho O la goo toa dp. K h i do:
(B) m = ± ~ - ; x , . = X 2 = ± V 3 3 (A) T a m giac A O B la tarn giac can.
(B) T a m giac A O B la t a m giac d^u.
(C) m = ± 6 ; X , = X 2 = 7 (C) T a m giac A O B la t a m giac vuong.
(D) m = ± 4 ; x, = X 2 = ± ^ (D) T a m giac A O B la t a m giac c6 mot goc t u .
(E) Tat ca cac cau t r e n ddu sai. (E) Tkt ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. ,<

4.43. Parabol y = m^x^ va dUdng t h i n g y = - 4 x - 1 c i t nhau t a i 4.47, Cho phiidng t r i n h bac h a i + mx + n = 0 , bigt r i n g n < m - 1 .
hai diem phan biet l i n g vol (A) Phifdng t r i n h luon luon c6 h a i nghiem X j , X j .
(A) moi gia t r i m - (B) moi m ^ 0 (B) Phildng t r i n h luon luon c6 nghiem kep.
2 (C) Phiidng t r i n h luon luon v6 nghiem.
(C) moi m thoa man m < 2 (D) m > - (D) PhUdng t r i n h c6 nghiem ling v6i m , n nad do va phudng
5
(E) Tat ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. t r i n h v6 nghiem ung vdi m, n nad d6.
(E) Chi cd t h I c6 h a i trudng hdp xay r a : HdSc la phUdng t r i n h
4.44. Cho phifdng t r i n h ( m - l ) x ^ - 2(m-4)x + m - 5 = 0 (m ;^ 1).
v6 nghiem, hdSc la phiidng t r i n h c6 nghiem kep.
Trong cac he thiic sau day giCta h a i nghiem (n4u c6) cua
phifdng t r i n h , he thiic nao dung? 4.48, Chd phvfdng t r i n h (m - l)x^ + 2mx + m + 1 = 0.
(A) 5 ( x , - X 2 ) = 7x|X2 (B) 2 ( x , + x , ) - 3 x , x , =1 T i m m de phifdng t r i n h cd h a i nghiem am.

• (C) 5 ( x , - X 2 ) = 7 x , + 2 x 2 (D) 5 ( X | + X 2 ) = 2X|X2 (A) m < - 2 hay m > 4 (B) m < - 1 hay m > 1
(C) m < - l h a y m > 3 (D) m < - 3 hay m > 3
(E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
(E) m < - 7 hay m > 2.
4.45. Cho h a i phudng t r i n h sau day:
4.49, T i m s6 nguyen k nhd n h M sad chd phUdng t r i n h
(1) x 2 - 5 x + 12 = 0 ; (2) 2 x ^ - 7 x - 4 = 0.
2x (kx - 4) - x^ + 6 = 0 vd nghiem.
(I) Phifdng t r i n h (1) CO nghiem kep.
(A) - 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5.
(II) PhUdng t r i n h (2) v6 nghiem.
(III) Phifdng t r i n h (2) c6 h a i nghiem, mot nghiem l a s6 .50. Chd phudng t r i n h (m - 2)\^ + (2m + l ) x + m = 0.

nguyen, nghiem k i a bang - - . (1) K h i m = 4, phUdng t r i n h tren c6 h a i nghiem la h a i so am.

(2) Phiidng t r i n h cd dung mpt nghiem k h i m = 2 hay m = - - .

Trong cac cau I , I I , I I I t r e n t h i :
(A) Ca (I) va ( I I ) deu dung. (3) K h i m = 2, phudng t r i n h t r e n c6 nghiem kep.
(B) Chi CO (I) la cau diing. T r d n g cac cau tren:
(OChicodDlacaudiing.
(A) Chi Cd hai cau (1), (2) la h a i cau dung.
(D) Chi CO ( I I I ) la cau diing.
(B) Chi Cd hai cau (2), (3) la h a i cau diing.
(E) Tk ca ba cau (I), ( I I ) , ( I I I ) deu sai.
(C) C h i Cd h a i cau (1), (3) la h a i cau diing.

8G
 (D) Khong CO cau nao diing. x^ + a x + l = O v a x ^ - x - a = 0
(E) Tat ca ba cau deu diing. CO mot nghiem thuc chung ?
4.51. Cho phifcfng trinh bac hai: x - 4x -K m + 1 = 0 (m la tham (A)0 (B)l (C)2 (D)3 (E) v6 so.
so). Xet cac cau sau: * 2

(1) Phildng trinh tren c6 hai nghiem phan biet khi m < 3. 4.56. Tim m de phUong trinh x - (m + 3)x - m - 4 = 0 c6 hai
nghiem x^, X2 thoa man Xi < 2 < Xg .
(2) Khi m = 0, phiidng trinh tren c6 hai nghiem 2 ± -^3 .
(A) m > - 2 (B) m > 4 (C) m = 7
(3) Khi ni = 0, phifong trinh tren c6 hai nghiem 3 ± -Ts .
(D) m> 1 ( E ) m < - 2.
Trong cac cau tren:
(A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. '.57. Gpi Xi, X2 la hai nghiem ciia phildng trinh 2x^ - 3mx - 2 = 0.
(B) Chi CO .cau (2) diing. rim gia tri cua m d e S = xf+Xj dat gia tri nho nhit.
(C) Chi CO hai cau (1) va (2) diing. (A) m = 0 (B) m = 1 (C) m = 2 (D) m = 3 (E) m = 4.
(D) Chi CO hai cau (1) va (3) diing.
.58. Cho phiidng trinh +(m + l)x + m = 0. Xac dinh m d l
(E) Chi CO hai cau (2) va (3) diing.
hifdng trinh c6 hai nghiem x , , X j thoa di4u kien: x^ + X j dat gia tri
4.52. Cho phifong trinh bac hai: (m - l)x^ - 2mx + m + 1 = 0, trong
10 nhat.
do m la tham so.
(1) Voi mpi m ^ 1, phuong trinh tren luon c6 hai nghiem so (A) m = 0 (B)m=l (C) m = 2 (D) m = 3 (E) m = 4.
khac nhau. .59. Cho phifdng trinh bac hai x^ + \/3x - yfs = 0 . Goi hai
(2) Neu tich hai nghiem bSng 3 thi tong hai nghiem bSng 4.
ghiem cua phifdng trinh nay la xi va X2.
Trong hai cau tren, ta c6:
Gia tri cua bieu thuTc AX|
^- + —X27 la
(A) (l)diingva(2)sai. (B) (1) sai va (2) diing.
(C) Ca hai cau d4u diing. (D) Ca hai cau deu sai. 4 + 2v^
(A) (B) - (C)
(E) Khong du cd sd de xac dinh dude cau nao sai, cau nao V5
diing.
4-2V5 (E)Mpt k^t qua khac.
(D)
4.53. Giai phuong trinh x"^-2x + ^- = 0 bang each dua ve phudng s
4 4 ^ -
trinh tich, ta dUpc so nghiem so la 4.60. Neu 1 - - + = 0 , thi - . bang
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (Dj 3 (E) 4.
{C)2
(A)-l (B)l , ,
4.54. N§u a, b, c va d la cac so khac 0, biet c va d la nghiem cua (D)-lhay2 (E)-lhay-2.
phudng trinh x^ + ax + b = 0 va a va b la nghiem cua phudng trinh
4.61. Cho phudng trinh: 3x'' - lOx^ + lOx - 3 = 0.
x^ + cx + d = 0, th§ thi a + b + c + d bkng:
(1) Co thi thdy X = 1; X = -1 la nghiem cua phudng trinh.
(A)0 (B)-2 (C)2 (D}4 (E) + (2) Tvr nhan xet (1), c6 th6 chia cho (x - IXx + 1) de phan tich
2
da thiic 3x^ - lOx^ + lOx - 3 thanh nhan tu.
4.55. Cd bap nhieu gia tri ciia a de hai phudng trinh
89
88
 (3) Suy r a cac nghiem con l a i cua phiiong t r i n h da cho la 122 (E) T ^ t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
va 135. 7

T r o n g cac cau t r e n : 4.68. Cho Parabol (P) c6 phiTdng t r i n h y = — va diTong t h i n g d:

(A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. ( B j C h i c6 cau (2) diing. m

(C) C h i CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao diing. y = mx ~ ~' •
(E) Co i t nhat 2 cau diing. (1) d luon d i qua mot diem c6 d i n h k h i m thay doi.
(2) (P) l u o n ti§p xuc d k h i m thay doi.
4.62. Cho phifo'ng t r i n h mx^ - (m-4)x + 2 m = 0. T i m m d l phudng
(3) (P) chi t i l p xiic d t a i h a i gia t r i cua m .
t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem X j , Xg thoa man: 2 ( x f + x^) - x , X 2 = 0 .
Trong cac cau t r e n :
(A) m = 11, m = 13 (B) m = 12, m = 14 (C) m > 5 '
(A) C h i CO cau (1) va cau (2) dung.
(D) m = 15, m = 16 (E) M o t k^t qua khac.
(B*) C h i CO cau (2) va cau (3) diing.
(C) C h i CO cau (3) va cau (1) diing.
4.63. Biet sinx + cosx = ^ va 0 < x < n, th4 t h i tgx bSng:
(D) Khong CO cau nao sai.
( A ) - l (B)-^ ( O - (D)- (E) T a t ca ba cau deu sai.
3 4 4 3
4.69. Gia s i i p va q la cac s6 nguyen t6 va x^ - px + q = 0 c6 cac
(E) M o t k4t qua khac.
nghiem nguyen difdng phan biet. Xet cac cau sau:
4.64. Co bao nhieu cap s6 nguyen duong (x, y) thoa phiiong t r i n h :
**. (1) H i e u so cua cac nghiem la so le.
x2 + y2 = x 3 ? (2) Co i t nhat mot nghiem la so nguyen to.
(A) Khong CO cSp s6 nao (B) 1 cSp s6 (C) 2 cSp s6 (3) p^ - q l a so nguyen to.
(D) v6 s6 cfip s6 (E) 4 cSp s6. (4) p + q l a so nguyen.

4.65. De phuong t r i n h x - 2(m + l ) x + 2 m + 1 = 0 c6 h a i nghiem be (A) C h i c o d ) la cau dung.

hon 2, t a phai c6 : (B) C h i CO (2) la cau diing.

(A) m = 5 (B) m > 7 (C) m > - (C) C h i CO (2) va (3) la h a i cau diing.
2 • (D) C h i CO (1), (2) va (4) la ba cau diing.
(D) m > 2 (E) M o t kgt qua Ithac. (E) Tit ca bon cau deu diing.

4.66. Cho phifdng t r i n h x^ - ( m - l ) x + 5m - 6 = 0. T i m m d l 4.70. Cho h a m s6 y = -x^ c6 do t h i (P). Cho difcJng thSng d d i qua
phvfong t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem x^, X2 thoa m a n 4 x i + 3x2 = 1- A ( l , - 2 ) , he s6 goc k. Xac d i n h kdhd cat (P) t a i h a i d i l m B, C m a BC
(A) m > 3 (B) m < - l (C) m = 2 (D) m = 5 nhan A l a m t r u n g diem.
(E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. (A) k = - 2 (B) k = - 3 (C) k = - 4 (D) k = - 5 (E) k = - 6 .

4.67. T i m m de phifong t r i n h sau c6 h a i nghiem dufong: 4.71. L,ap phifdng t r i n h bac h a i cd h a i nghiem la
1 . 1_
x^ - 2(m+2)x + 4m + 5 = 0.
10-V72 ' \0 + 6y[2'
(A) m > 5 (B) m > 6 (C) m > 7 (D) m > 8

90
 (A) 281^ - v ^ t + 1 = 0 (B) 28t^-20t + l = 0
DAP AN VA HaONG DAN
(C) V3t2-20t + l = 0 (D) 24t--12t + l = 0 CJ
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren dku sai. BAI TAP T R A C NGHIEM CHUONG 4
4.72. Cho phifdng- trinh - 2(m + l ) x + + 3 = 0, v6i m la tham
1.1. Chon (D). Gia sijf a > 0. DM f (x) = y = ax^
so', X la an so. Tim gia tri cua m sao cho cac nghiem X j , X2 cua phUdng
trinh thoa man: 2(x, + x^) - S x j X a + 9 = 0. * Xet X < 0. Cho X | < X j <0 , ta CO x^ > x, . Vi a > 0 nen
(A) m = 2 (B) m = 4 (C) m = 6 axf >ax2 => f(xi) > f ( x 2 ) .
(D) m = 7 (E)m = 9. Vay ham s6 nghich bien khi x < 0.
4.73. Cho phuong trinh x^ - 6x - 7 = 0. Gia sii x , , X j la hai nghiem * Xet x > 0. Cho 0 < x, < X 2 , ta c6 xj^ < X 2 . Vi a > 0 nen
(neu c6) cua phudng trinh nay. Khi do, gia tri cua x f + la axf <ax2 => f ( X | ) < f ( x 2 ) .

(A) 16806 (B) 16754 (C) 23451 Vay ham s6 dong bien khi x < 0.
(D) 12456 (E) 17456. Chiing minh hoan toan tiiong tu cho trucing hop con lai. Viec
chiing minh b day ddn thu4n la ap dung tinh chat cd ban cua bat
4.74. Cho phvrong trinh:
dSng thiic.
(a + h)x^- (a^ + 4ab + )x + 2ab(a + b) = 0, (*)
trong do, a, b la cac tham s6. 4.2. Choh (A). Do thi ham s6 y = ax^ la parabol c6 dinh tai O, nhan
(1) N^u a + b = 0 thi (*) CO nghiem x = 0. Oy lam true doi xxing.
(2) Neu a + h^O thi (*) luon c6 hai nghiem phan biet. 4.3. Chon (B). Hoanh dp giao dilm la nghiem cua
(3) NSu a + h^O thi (*) luon c6 tich hai nghiem bSng 2ab. • - 2 x ' = x - 3 o - 2 x ' - x + 3 = 0 » - 2 ( x 2 - i ) - x + l=0
Trong cac cau tren:
I . o -2(x-l)(x + l ) - ( x - l ) = 0 o (x-l)(-2x-3) = 0.
(A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
(C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai. %y hoanh dp giao dilm la x = 1 va x = . D^ tim tung dp tudng
(E) Co it nhat 1 cau sai. ig, ta thay vap mdt trpng hai phudng trinh. Hai giap diem la:

4.4. Chon (E). Tit ca cac phat hihu dku dung. DI y:

V2-l>0,>/2-l>l=>f(V2-l)>f(l).

4.5. Chon (E). Phudng trinh parabol c6 dang y = ax". Vi parabol

nay di qua dilm (-2 ; 4) nen ta c6 a(-2)- = 4 => a = 1. Vay phudng

trinh parabol la y = x^.

%6. Chon (D). Khi m ?t 1, (m-l)x-+n=0 la phUdng trinh bac
v6i cac he s6 a = m - 1, b = 0 va c = n.
92
 Nhifng khi m = 1 t h i khong phai phuong trinh bac hai. .17. Chpn (A). Vol m = 2 , phtrang trinh trp thanh:
4.7. Chpn(D). - 4x + 3 = 0 ; A = 16 - 12 = 4.

4.8. Chon (B). ^hi/Png t r i n h c6 hai nghiem la: X| = 1. x-, = - = 3 .

a
4.9. Chpn(C). ',18. Chpn (E). PhuPng trinh da cho c6 nghiem kep khi va chi k h i
4.10. Chpn(C). fl-m^O m ^1
<=> i
A=0 m--4.(l-m).(-l) = 0
4.11. Chon (A). Ta CO A ' = 6^ - 5.7 = 1, suy ra
m ^1
X:- ^ - l . x , - - - - = -. o m=2
m~ - 4m + 4 = 0
Do do, v6"i m = 2 t h i phtrong trinh da cho co nghiem kep.
Cdch khdc: D l th^y 1 la nghiem. Suy ra nghiem kia b^ng - = - .
a 7 ra cung CO A = (m - 2)~ > 0 nen phuong trinh luon c6 nghiem. Ngoai

4.12. Chpn (C). (1) CO hai nghiem X j 2 = 2, 4. a, k h i m = 0, phifong trinh tren c6 hai nghiem phan biet. Vay (E)
"ung.
(2) x 2 + 2 x - 3 = ^ « x 2 + 2 x - ^ = 0, A' = ^
^ 2 2 .19. Chpn (D). Chu y: Tat ca ba cau deu dung.
Thudng trinh (2) c6 hai nghiem la
.20. Chpn(D).

.21. Chpn (A). Phan bac cua Thong khong diing, v i trong truong
pp CO nghiem kep, cac he so a, c van thoa man nhii Hung va Dung
4.13. Chpn(E).Tac6A = (V3 + ^ / 2 ) - - 4 ^ / 6 = 3 + 2 + 2^/6-4^/6 =
a phat bieu.
= 3+ 2-2V6=(V3-V2)->0,
.22. Chpn (C). Giai phudng trinh X - - 1 2 X + 36 = 0. Tinh dude
phifdng trinh c6 hai nghiem phan biet:
= y = 6. Tuy nhien, dpi vpi bai nay, c6 the thijt chpn, nhanh hdn.
(^/3 + ^/2) + ( V 3 - ^ / 2 ) _ ^ ; ^
.23. Chpn (A). Hai s6 x, y da chp (n§u c6) la nghiem cua phuong
(V3+V2)-(V3-V2)_^^ -'nh - SX + P = 0. D I X , y t6n tai, phudng trinh nay phai c6 hai
ghiem, nghia la phai c6 S~ - 4P > 0 , hay
4.14. Chpn(C). (x + y ) - - 4 x y > 0 o +2xy + y - - 4 x y > 0

4.15. Chpn (B). A = (a - b)2, X = a va x = b la cac nghiem. » x^-2xy + y - > O o ( x - y ) - > 0 .

4.16. Chpn (C). Ta c6: "hif vay, di4u kien ton tai x, y luon dupe thoa man.
Do vay Nam da noi dung.
A' = (- m)2 - (m - l)(m + 1) = m^ - + l = i > o,
do do phupng trinh c6 hai nghiem phan biet. .24. Chpn (A).
Khi m = 1, phuong trinh tren tro" thanh phuong trinh bac .25. Chpn (D). Ta th^y: a + b + c = 1 + (k - 1) + (- k) = 0, nen
nhat, CO nghiem duy nh^t x = 1. Do do, ca (A) Ikn (B) d i u sai. hifong trinh luon luon c6 hai nghiem:
 Xi = 1; X2 = - = = -k . y = x-
a 1 y=x+2 ,
N g h i e m kep xay r a k h i X i = X2 <=>l = - k < : : : > k = - l . guy ra x - x - 2 = 0 . Tu' do, x = - 1 va X = 2.
Vay nghiem kep la X j = Xg = 1. fxi5 = 2
Vay toa do giao diem t h i i h a i B la: <^ ^ ^
4.26. Chon (B). Di^u k i e n : x ^ - 2 (ta luon c6 x^ + 1 ^ 0). Ta c6: .[yi,=Xa+2 = 4 .
1 1 2x^+1 2-x
4.33. Chpn (C). Gpi X Q la nghiem cua x^ - 3x + c = 0 sao cho - X Q la
= < ^ =
nghiem cua x^ + 3x - c = 0, the thi^ta c6 :
2-x 2x^+1 ( 2 - x ) ( 2 x 2 4-l) (2x-+l)(2-x)
Xy - 3 x o + c = 0, (1)
<»2x2+x-l=0.
Xo-3xo-c = 0. (2)
4.27. Chon (C). Ta c6 ac = 2(-2) = - 4 < 0, phifdng t r i n h luon luon c6
Trii(l)va(2):2c = 0 o c = 0.
hai nghiem phan biet v6i moi gia t r i cua m.
K h i do : - 3xo = 0 o XQ = 0 hay Xo = 3. '
Theo he thiic Vi-et t a c6: X i + x-) = - - va X i . x - ) = - 1 .
2
4.34. Chpn(E).
4.28. Chon (D). V6i d i l u k i e n x ;t 3 va x ?t - 3 , t a c6
_2 2(3 + x - 3 + x) _ 1 4x _ 1 4.35. Chpn(D).

3-x 3+ x ~ 2 ^ (3-x)(3-x) ~2 ^ 9_x2 ~ 2' 4.36. Chpn (A).

Phxiong t r i n h trb t h a n h : x^ + 8x - 9 = 0. 4.37. Chpn (D). X e t phtTdng t r i n h : 4x^ + 4(m - l ) x + m^ + 1 = 0.

G i a i phvfong t r i n h nay t a t i m diipc X i = 1, X2 = - 9 (ca h a i d^u Phiio'ng t r i n h c6 nghiem k h i A' > 0. M a
thoa m a n dieu k i e n tren). A'= 4(m - 1)^ - 4.1 = 4m^ - 8m.

4.29. Chon (B). Ap dung d i n h li Vi-et cho phifdng t r i n h ^ b o do: A' > 0 « 4m^ - 8m > 0
<=> m^ - 2m > 0 o m ( m - 2) > 0.
3x^ - h x - b = 0, t a c6 ngay X i + Xg = ^.
TrJo'iig hpp l : m > 0 v a m - 2 >0 =:>m>2.

It
TrUo-ng hp-p 2: m < 0 va m - 2 < 0 => m < 0.
4.30. Chon (E). Cau (1) sai.
Vay vo'i m < 0 hoac m > 2 t h i phiidng t r i n h da cho c6
nghiem. Ca ba cau (1), (2), (3) d^u sai do cum t\i "khi vd chi khi".
4.31. Chon (D). Phuo'ng t r i n h hoanh dp giao d i l m la x^ + 8x + 16 = 0,
nghiem kep la x = - 4. Tpa dp cua ti^p diem la ( - 4 ; 4). 4.38. Chpn (C). Vai m = 3, phUdng t r i n h t r d t h a n h

4.32. Chpn (D). K h p n g cp cau nap sai. T h a t vay: - 8x - 8 = 0, suy ra x = - 1.

Vdi m ^ 3: ta c6 A' = (m + 1)' - (m - 3)(1 - 3m) = 4(m - 1)' > 0 v6i
\ diem A ( - l ; l ) thupc parabpl (?) cp phudng t r i n h y = ax^
moi m ^ 3. Do do phudng t r i n h luon c6 nghiem. Phifdng t r i n h c6
nen: 1 = a ( - l ) ^ , hay a = 1.
nghiem kep voi m = 1.
PhUdng t r i n h dudng t h i n g (d) c6 dang y = ax + b, dp he s6 gpc
4.39. Chpn (C). Phiidng t r i n h da cho CP nghiem x = - 1 k h i va chi
a = 1 nen y = x + b. V i (d) d i qua A ( - l ; 1) nen 1 = - 1 + b, tuc la b = 2.
Vay phvfdng t r i n h dildng t h i n g (d) la y = x + 2. Tpa dp giao k h i : (m - 1).(- - 2 m . ( - 1) + m^ - 1 = 0, hay
diem cua (P) va (d) la nghiem cua he phifdng t r i n h :
 m - l + 2 m + m ^ - l = 0 c=> m^ + 3 m - 2 = 0. 5-P
-4
1-P 1 0 - 2 P - 8 + 8P _ 1 + 3P
G i a i phucfng t r i n h n^y t a dtroc m = 1, m = - 2.
S =
V a y vdi m = 1 hoac m = - 2 t h i phiicfng t r i n h da cho c6 5-P 5-P-l+P " 2
-1
n g h i e m x = - 1. 1-P
Tvf do t a CO 2 ( x , + x , ) - 3 x , X 2 =1.
4.40. Chon(E).
,45. Chpn (D). Xet phUdng t r i n h (1): A = 25 - 48 < 0, phiidng t r i n h
4.41. Chon (D). Thay x = 5 vao phiidng t r i n h ta diidc:
) v6 n g h ie m.
- 5m + 6 = 0.
Xet phifdng t r i n h (2): A = b^ - 4.a.c = (-7)^ - 4.2.(-4) = 8 1 ,
G i a i phvfdng t r i n h nay t a c6 m i = 2, m^ = 3.
= N/ST = 9 . Vay phUdng t r i n h (2) c6 h a i n g h i e m :
Vdi m j = 2, t a c6 x^ - 8x + 15 = 0, phudng t r i n h pay cho t a h a i - b + VA _ 7 + 9
X| = = 4
nghiem Xi = 5, X j = 3. . 2a. ~ 4
V6i m j = 3, ta c6 x^ - lOx + 25 = 0, phudng t r i n h nay cho t a
-b->/A 7-9
nghiem kep Xj = X2 = 5.
2a 4 2

4.42. Chpn(E). m = ± ^ ; X, = X 2 =±Vn. .46. Chpn (B). Cac di§m A, B c6 tpa dp: A (V3;-3);B(-V3;-3). Gpi

la giao d i l m cua Oy va A B , t a c6 A B = AC + CB = 2 N/3 .

4.43. Chon (E). Ta c6 phufdng t r i n h hoanh do giao diem:
T r o n g t a m giac vuong CAC, ta c6:
m V = - 4x - 1 o m V + Ix + 1 = 0.
OA^ = OC^ + CA^ = ( - 3 ) 2 + (^/3 )2 = 12 = (2 V3 )^
Difdng t h i n g cat parabol t a i h a i diem phan biet k h i m ^ 0 wa
-y r a O A = 2 V3 . Tudng t i i OB = 2>/3 .
A' = 4 - m " > 0 <=> m'- < 4
Vay t a m giac A O B la t a m giac deu.
o - 2 < m < 2« m < 2.
LiCu y: De chpn diing, hoc sinh c6 the ve h i n h ma khong can
Vay dUdng thSng ckt parabol t a i hai diem phan biet k h i
h toan.
m 5^ 0 va m < 2.
'.47. Chpn (A). Gia siJt n < m - 1 t a c6
4.44. Chpn (B). De phudng t r i n h c6 nghiem, ta phai c6 A ' > 0 hay A-m^-4n>m^-4(m-l) = (m-2)2 >0.
(m-4)--(m-l)(m-5)>0
uy r a phvfdng t r i n h + mx + n = 0 c6 h a i nghiem x , , X 2 .
<» m " - 8 m + 1 6 - m " + 6 m - 5 > 0 '
4.48. Chpn (B). K h i m ^ 1, phudng t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem:
11
<=> - 2 m +11 > 0 <=> m < —. m +1
X = -1 ; X = . •
2 1- m
Vdi dieu k i e n t r e n , ta c6 S = x, + x , = "^"^ "^^, P = X j X , = — — - .
DI phifdng t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem am t h i m < - 1 hay m > 1.
' m-1 " m-1
5-P 4.49. Chpn (B). Phildng t r i n h da cho tUdng dUdng v d i :
( 2 k - l ) x ' - - 8 x + 6 = 0. (1)
T u he thiic P, r u t m, ta diidc (m - 1)P = m - 5, suy ra m = -j—j^.
* k = ^1 : (1) t r d t h a n h - 8 x + 6 = 0; phudng t r i n h nayco nghiem
Thay vao he thiic S, t a c6 '

<)9
98
 X = - (loai). 4.53. Chon (C). Ta c6:
4 1 1
x''-2x + - = 0 « x ' + 2 x ^ + l - 2 X~ + X + - = 0i
k ;t ^ : (1) v6 nghiem k h i va chi k h i 4
-1?

A ' = 16 - 6(2k - 1) - 22 - 12k < 0

k> — = —. X + - =0
2
12 6
So nguyen k nho nhat thoa dieu kien nay la. 2. ' 1
x + - X 2 +• l + ^/2 x + - = 0
4.50. Chon (A). 2 V 2,
K h i m = 4, phildng t r i n h c6 h a i nghiem x = - 4 ; x = - - .

Ci>X =
K h i m = 2, phuong t r i n h tro t h a n h bac nhat, c6 dung 1 nghiem.
+N/2X + 1 + =0
FAii m = - ^ , phuOng t r i n h c6 nghiem kep.

4.54. Chon (B). Ap d u n g d i n h l i Vi-et, t a duoc :

4.51. Chon (C). X c t phi/Ong t r i n h x - 4x + m + 1 = 0 (m la t h a m
so). PhUo'ng t r i n h c6 h a i n g h i e m p h a n biet k h i A' > 0. c + d = -a (1), cd = b (2)
A' = (- 2f - l . ( m 1) = 3 - m. •r a + b = -c (3) ab = d (4)
Vay A ' > 0 o 3 - m > 0 < = J . m < 3 . K e t l u a n : Vo'i m < 3 t h i T i i (3) va (1), suy r a : a + c + d = a + b + c = Oc:>b = d.
phifo'ng t r i n h c6 h a i n g h i e m p h a n biet. The vao (4) va (2), v i b = d 0, t a duoc : a = c = 1.
Vo'i m = 0, ph'Jong t r i n h da cho t r d t h a n h : Do do : b = d = - 2 . Vay a + b + c + d = - 2 .
- 4x + 1 = 0
4.55. Chon (B). N g h i e m chung x neu c6 ciia h a i phuong t r i n h l a
A' = (- 2f- 1.1 = 3, >/A^=:V3.
• V a y phiiOng t r i n h cd h a i n g h i e m l a : nghiem cua he :
x- + a x + l = 0 (1)
x--x-a =0 (2)
T r u (1) va (2), t a duoc : (a + l ) ( x + 1) = 0 o a = - 1 hay X = - 1 .
4.52. Chon (C). De thdy A ' = m^ - m^ + 1 - 1 > 0 nen phuong t r i n h
* The a = - 1 vao (2) : x" - x + 1 = 0 : phuong t r i n h nay v6
CO h a i nghiem khac nhau. Goi x^, X2 l a h a i nghiem cua phuong t r i n h .
nghiem, nen loai a = - 1 .
thoo he Lhuc V i - e t ta c6:
2m jl * The X = - 1 vao (2) : a = 2. Vay voi a = 2 t h i h a i phiidng t r i n h
Xt + XT - CO nghiem chung la x = - 1 .
«

ni -I-1 4.56. Chon (A). Ba he s6 cua phuong t r i n h da cho thoa m a n

XIXT = .
, - m-1 a-b + c = l + m +3 - m - 4 =0

Tu" X1.X2 = 3 ta SUV ra H j t l = 3 m +1 = 3ni - 3 o m = 2. nen m o t nghiem bSng - 1 , nghiem k i a bkng - - = E L L I = ni + 4 .

ni - 1
2.2 Ta CO X, = - 1 < 2< X2 = m + 4 . Suy ra m > - 2 .
V')l m = 2, t a l a i c6 Xi + Xo = = 4. 4
- 2-1 ;1 4.57. Chon (A). Ta c6 ac ^ 2(-2) = - 4 < 0, phUOng t r i n h l u o n l u o n c6

100 101
hai nghiem phan biet v6i moi gia t r i cua m. Vi X i = 1; X2 = - 1 la nghiem cua f (x) nen f (x) chia het cho tich
S = + X2 = ( X i + Xg)^ - 2Xi.X2 ( x _ l ) ( x + 1 ) . Tvfdotaco:
f (x) = (x - l)(x + l)(3x2 - lOx + 3)
-2(-l) =^ + 2>2. = ( x - l ) ( x + 1) [ ( 3 x ( x - 3 ) - ( x - 3 ) _
V2
Vay minS = 2 khi m = 0 : = (x-l)(x+l)(x-3)(3x-1),
suy ra (x - l)(x + l)(x - 3)(3x - 1) = 0. Do vay hai nghiem con lai cua
4.58. Chon (A).
phiJdng trinh la xg = 3, X4 = - .
Ta CO A = (m + 1)^-4ni = m ^ + 2 m - 4 m + l = (m-l)"^ > 0 nen
phvfong trinh da cho luon c6 hai nghiem. 4.62. Chon (E). D I phudng trinh c6 hai nghiem, ta c4n c6
V

Ta tinh dUdc + X2 = m^ +1 > 1. S dat gia t r i nho nh^t la 1 ( m - 4 ) - - 8 m ' >0

khi va chi khi m = 0. m ^0

Khi do, 2 ( x f + x ^ ) - x , X 2 = 0 « 2 ( x , + X 2 ) - - 9 x , X 2 = 0 , h a y
4.59. Chon (E). Xet phufdng trinh, x^ + V 3 x - Vs = 0. Do phiiong
t r i n h c6 he so a = 1, c = -Vs < 0 nen chSc chSn phifdng t r i n h co 2S^ - 9P = 0, hay

hai nghiem phan biet x i va X2. K h i do ta c6: ^m-4^^

_18 = 0 ^ m = - 2 . m = l .
1 X? +x^ _ (X| +x-7)^ -2x|X-7
•+ (1) Cac gia t r i tren cua m d 4 u thoa man (*).
xf X2 xfx2 (X1X2)'
Ma theo he thilc Vi-et t h i : 4.63. Chon (A). Th4 cosx = ^ - sinx vao dSng thuc:sin^x + cos^x = 1,
X|'+X2=-\/3
(2)
[X|X2=-N/5 ta dadc sin^x + — sm X = 1 o 25sin^x - 5sinx - 12 = 0.
5
The ( 2 ) vao (1) va bien doi ta duoc:
1 1 3+2V5 Dat y = sinx vdi 0 < y < 1 : 25y^ - 5y - 12 = 0.

Giai phiidng trinh nay ta dude : y = T hay y = - - (Idai).

4 . 1 . 3 .
4.60. Chon(B). l - - + = 4- 0«l'l-- = 0 0 - =:
X
Vay sinx = - , suy ra : cosx = - - sinx = ' •
X x^
4.61. Chon(E). T a c 6 { l ) v a ( 2 X l a h a i c a u d u n g . sinx _ 5 _ _ ^
tgx =
Goi da thiic ve trai cua phildng trinh da cho la fix). cosx j 3
5
Ta c6: f (1) = 3.1" - 10.1^ + 10.1 - 3 = 0,
f (-1) = 3.(-l)^ -10 (-1)^ + 10 (-1) - 3 = 0. 4.64. Chon (D). Ta c6 : x^ + / = o y^ = x^(x - 1). Do do phudng

Vay X i = 1 ; X2 = - 1 la nghiem cua phudng trinh (1). trinh CO v6 s6 nghiem, chSng han My x = 1 + k^, k s6 nguyen bat k i

103
 thi t6n tai so nguyen y, vdi y = (1 + k^)k, liic do, cSp so (x ; y) nay se
thoa man phiidng trinh : y^ = (1 + k^)^k^.
Vay dudng thSng d luon di qua mot diem c6 dinh (^ , - 1 ) k h i
4.65. Chon (E). Cac he s6 thoa man a + b + c = 0 nen phvfdng trinh
CO hai nghiem x = l v a x = - = ""^"^^ = 2m + 1 m thay doi.
a 1 PhUdng trinh hoanh dp giao diem cua (P) va d la
' • Ta CO 1 < 2 nen dk phudng trinh c6 ca hai nghiem be hon 2, ta x^ = mx
— , Ci> x 2 - 2Tm x + m +, 2
1 1
= n0.
phai CO 2m + 1 < 2. Suy ra m < ^ . 2 . • 2
D I parabol va difdng th&ng d ti^p xiic nhau, phudng trinh tren phai
4.66. Chon (E). De phudng trinh c6 hai nghiem, ta ckn c6 CO nghiem kep, tiic la A' = m^ - m - 2 = 0. Giai phiidng trinh bac hai
nr -22m + 25>0. theo m nay ta dude m = - 1 , m = 2 .
Khi do, ttf 4 x i + 3x2-1 suy ra 4.69. Chpn (E). Gpi X j , X2 la nghiem nguyen diidng, the t h i X i . X o = q
~5x- la s6 nguyen t6, do do X j = 1 va X2 = q. Mat khac X i + X 2 = l + q = p
4 4 - 4
cung la s6 nguyen t6, suy ra : q = 2 va p = 3. Do do, ta suy ra ca 4
do do X 2 = 4m - 5 va X | = -—3(4m -5) menh de deu dung.

l-3(4m-5) , .70. Chpn (A). Ta c6 phifdng trinh hoanh dp giao diem la

X | X 2 = (4m - 5) = 5m - 6 (theo Vi-et).
x ' + k x - k - 2 = 0,

Giai ra ta dude m = 1 va m = - , cac gia t r i nay thoa man (*). Phudng trinh nay c6 A = (k + 2)~ + 4 > 0 nen c6 hai nghiem.
6 - k ' '
Tong hai nghiem la S = — = - k . De d cat (P) tai hai diem B, C
A'>0 m--l>0
4.67. Chon (E). P>0 o 4m + 5 > 0 o < m < - l hay m > , nhan d i l m A ( l , - 2 ) lam trung d i l m , ta c4n c6 1 = - ^ k, hay k = -2.
S>0 m +2>0 4
4.71. Chon(B). t ' - - t + — = 0 o 2 8 t - - 2 0 t + l = 0.
4.68. Chon (C). Gpi diem c6 dinh (n6u c6) cua diidng thSng d (khi 7 28
m
thay doi) la ( X Q ;yo )• Khi do, vdi mpi m, ta c6 4.72. Chpn (A). Trifdc het, ta c6

yo ^ mxo - y - 1 o m = A'= (m + 1)^ - m^ - 3 = 2m - 2.

Phifdng trinh da cho c6 nghiem khi A' > 0 m > 1. Khi do
X j + X2 = 2m + 2 va x,X2 = m''^ + 3.
Dang thiic tren dung vdi mpi m nen phai c6
Do do, he thuc de bai tUdng diTdng v6i
yo+l = x o - ^ - 0 2(2m + 2) - 3(m^ + 3) + 9 = 0

(tiic la phan s6 b i l u thi m phai c6 dang v6 dinh). Suy ra <::> 3m - 4 m - 4 = 0<=>m = - - hay m - 2.

Ket hdp dieu kien, ta dUdc gia t r i can tim la m = 2.

104 1 0 5
4 . 7 3 . Chon (A). V i a - b + c = 0 nen phvfcJng trinh c6 hai nghiem la
X , = - 1 ; X 2 = 7 . Vay
= ( - 1 ) ^ + 7 ^ = 16806.
4 . 7 4 . Chon (E). Cau (1) sai. Ta c6:
(*)« (a + h)x^ - [(a + b)^ + 2abl x + 2ab(a + b) = 0. (2)
(i) N^u a + b = 0 thi (2) thanh: - 2abx = 0. Khi do:
* neu a = b = 0: phiidng trinh c6 nghiem la mpi s6 thuc x;
* neu a = - b 5^ 0 : phuong trinh v6 nghiem.
(ii) Neu a + h^O thi (2) la phifdng trinh bac hai c6 biet s6:
A= (a + b ) ^ + 2 a b jn2 -8ab(a + b ) ^ = (a + b ) - - 2 a b -l2 HOT HOC
Phildng trinh CQ hai nghiem. Tich hai nghiem bSng 2ab.

1. HE THQC L U O N G T R O N G TAM G I A C VUONG

2. oi/ONGTRON
3. G O C VOI DUONG TRON

4. HJNH T R U - HJNH NON - HJNH C A U

 (A) nghich dao tong cac b i n h phiidng hai canh goc vuong.
(B) tong cac nghich dao b i n h phUdng canh huyen va mot canh
H E THiyc mm TRONG TAM GIAC VUONG cf5c vuong.
(C) tong cac b i n h phUdng hai canh goc vuong.
(D) tong cac nghich dao b i n h phUdng hai canh goc vuong.
( E ) T a t ca cac cau t r e n d4u sai.
TRAC NGHIEM KI^N THLTC VA THONG HIEU
J|4. Trong t a m giac ABC, cho biet A B = 5cm, BC = 8,5cm. Ve
Nhac lal: Trong cac de bai cua s a c h nay, neu k h o n g noi gi t h e m , difc)ng cao BD v6i D thuoc canh AC va BD = 4cm.
ta ngam hieu la c h p n cau dung\rong tat ca cac cau. (A) Do dai canh AC la 12cm.
(B) Do dai canh AC la 11cm.
1.1. Cho tarn giac ABC vuong t a i A, c6 diidng cao A H .
(C) Do dai canh AC la 11,5cm.
Hay chpn cau sai trong cac cau dvfdi day:
(D) Do dai canh AC la 10cm.
(A) AB^ = BH.BC (B) AC^ = CH.CB
( E ) Do dai canh AC la 10,5cm.
(C)AB2 = BH.HC (D)AH2 = BH.HC (E) — = — .
1.5. Cho t a m giac ABC vuong 6 A c6 dudng cao A H , vdi B H = 1,
BH BA
BC = 2 (ddn v i do dai). K h i do:
1.2. Cho tarn giac ABC vuong t a i A c6 diidng cao A H .
(A) Do dai canh AB la so h u u t i .
Cau nao sau day sai ?
Ill (B) Do dai canh A B la so nguyen.
(A) De chiing m i n h he thiic AB^ = BH.BC, ta c6 t h i chiing minh (C) Do dai canh A B la so v6 t i .
hai tarn giac vuong A B H va CBA dong dang roi suy ra dieu phai chiing
(D) Dp dai canh A B bSng 7.'
minh.
( E ) Tat ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
(B) DI chiing m i n h he.thiic AH^ = BH.HC, ta c6 thI chiing minh
hai t a m giac vuong A H C va B H A dong dang roi suy ra dieu phai chiing ^6. Cho mot t a m giac vuong, c6 goc nljpn a. Cau nao sau day sai ?
minh. (A) T i so' gifla canh do'i va canh hu\n dudc goi la cosin cua

(C) DI chiing m i n h he thiic AH.BC = AB.AC, c6 thI diia vao goc a, k i hieu cosa.

cong thiic t i n h dien t i c h hofic diia vao h a i t a m giac dong dang ABC (B) T i so giiia canh ke va canh huyen difdc goi 1^ cosin cua
va H B A de suy ra dieu phai chiing m i n h . goc a, k i hieu cosa.

(D) DI chiing m i n h he thiic AB^ = BH.BC, ta c6 thI chiing m i n h (C) T i so giiia canh doi va canh ke diroc goi la tang cua goc a,

hed t a m giac vuong A B H va C B H dong dang roi suy ra dieu phai chiing k i hieu tga (hay tana).
minli. (D) T i so giiia canh ke va canh doi cfifdc goi la c6-tang cua goc
( E ) T a t ca cac cau tren deu sai. a, k i hieu cotga.

1.3. Trong mot t a m giac vuong, nghich dao b i n h phUdng dudng (A) T i so' giiia canh doi va canh huyen dUdc gpi la cosin cua
cao l i n g v6i canh huyen bSng: goc a, k i hieu sina.

11.7. Chd t a m giac vuong t a i C vdi cac k i hieu th6ng thudng.

108 .
1 IM\
 Cho b = 6,4, c = 7,8. K h i do, goc A bang: Bi&t H C = 4, EC = 9. T i n h H B , H A , A B , .
(A) 34°52' (B) 24°55' (C) 32°12' (D) 30°57' (E) 13°42'. (A) H B = 5, H A = 3^/5 , A B = 6.

1.8. Trong tarn giac vuong c6 goc nhon a, cau nao sau day sai ? (B) H B = 5 , H A = 2 ^ / 5 , A B = 7.

(A) M o i canh goc vuong bang canh huyen n h a n vdi sin goc do'i (C) H B = 6, H A = 3 V 5 , A B = 3V5 .

hay n h a n v6i co-sin goc ke. (D) HB = 5 , H A = 5 , A B = 3V5.

(B) M o i canh goc vuong bang canh goc vuong k i a n h a n v6i (E) H B = 5, H A = 2 V 5 , A B = 3x/5 .
tang goc do'i hay nhan vdi c6-tang goc k e .
'i J.12. M o t t a m giac vuong t a i C c6 canh huy§n c = 15, s i n A = 2 / 5 .
(C) sin a < 1, cos a > 1.
I'Tini a (canh doi cua A), va b (canh doi cua B).
(D) sin" a + cos" a = 1 ;
(A) a = 5, b = 7 (B) a = 5,5 , b = 7,8 (C) a = 6, b * 13,7
sin a cos a
(E) t g a = ; c o t g a = ^^ . (D) a = 1 5 , b = 17 ( E ) a = 3, b = 4.
cos a sin a
11.13. T a m giac ABC vuong t a i A, dudng cao A H , c6 BC = 17, CA = 8.
1.9. H a y bien doi cac ti so' ludng giac sau day t h a n h t i so' lUdng
ITinh AB, A H , CH, BH.
giac ciia cac goc nho hdn 4 5 " :
(A) AB=,6,AH.l?i,CH=^,BH=22^
sin72°, COS68", sin80°30', cotgSO", tg75''. 19 19 19
Ket qua tiidng ung nhif sau: 121 64 ''•^5
(B) AB = i=:^, A H = 9, CH = ^ , BH =
(A) sinl8°, cas22", sin9"30', cotg40", tgl5°. 19 17 17
(B) cos28", sin22", cos9"30', tg40", cotgl5°. 225
(C) AB = 15, A H = — , CH = — , BH =
(C) C0S18", sin22°, cos9"30', tg40°, cotgl5". 17 17 17

(D) s i n l 8 " , sin26", cos9°30', tg40°, cotglS". (D) A B = 1 5 , A H = 11,CH= 16, BH = 7.

(E) M o t k i t qua khac. (E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n d^u sai.

1.10. Trong mot tarn giac vuong, neu cho biet tru6c h a i yeu to ' .14. T i n h x va y 6 h i n h sau day.

(trong do c6 it nhat mot yeu to ve canh) t h i : (A) X = 3V1O5 , y = 3>/n3 .

(A) Ta se t i m dUdc t a t c a cac yeu to con l a i (cac canh, cac goc) (B) x = 3Vr05 , y = 6V3O.
x/
cua t a m giac vuong do. (C) x = 4>/l4 , y = 3V1T3 .
/21 24
(B) Ta se t i m dUdc cac canh cua t a m giac vuong do, t u y nhien, (D) x = 4V14 , y = 7N/23 .
khong the t i n h het cac goc dUdc. (E) x = 2 v ^ , y = 3VnO .
(C) Ta se t i m dUdc cac goc cua t a m giac vuong do, t u y nhien,
.15. Cho t a m giac ABC vuong cf A c6 diiong cao A H , v6i H B = 4,
khong the t i n h het cac caifti dUdc.
C = 16. T i n h dudng cao A H .
(C) Ta se t i m dUdc dien tich cua t a m giac vuong do, t u y nhien,
(A) 5 (B) 5,5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (E) M o t kk qua khac.
khong the t i n h h(ft cac canh dUdc.
(E) T ^ t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. 16. Cho sina = - , ta c6:
4
1.11. Cho t a m giac ABC vuong ci A , difong cao A H .
 (A) cosa = — va tga - - (B) cosa = ~ vk tga = - 3 4 3 4
,4 3 4 3
(D) sin N = - ; cos N - ; tg N = - ; cotg N = - .
(C) cosa = va tga - (D) cosa = ^ va tga = -
4 15 2 3 1 2 3 1
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai. (E) sinN = - ; cosN = j ; tgN = colgN = - .
1.17. Cho tarn giac ABC can tai dinh A. Goi H la hinh chieu cua B 1,22. Cho tam giac ABC vuong ci A, dvfdng cao AH, c6 AB = 6 , AC = 8.
tren canh AC. Tinh canh day BC cua tam giac, biet AH = 7, HC = 2. Khi do:(A) BC = 9, AH = 7 (B)BC= 10, AH = 4,8
(A)BC = 5 (B)BC = 6 (C) BC = 7,5 (D) BC = 6,5 (C)BC = 9,AH = 5 (D)BC = 10, AH = 4
(E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai. (E) BC = 9, AH = 6.
1.18. Mot cai thang dai 6m, dUdc dat tao v6i mat dat mot goc 60". 1.23. Cho tam giac ABC vuong
Vay chan thang each tUdng bao nhieu met ? tai B nhu hinh ve.
(A) 3 (B) 3,2 (C) 7,8 (D) ^ (E) ^ . . N^u AD = DC = 3 thi
(Aj BD bang 3,1
(B) BD bang 3,2
1.19. Cho tam giac vuong ABC (vuong tai A), biet goc B bang 60" va
(C) BD bang 3,5
AB = a (ABC dUdc goi la niia tam giac deu). Khi do: (D) BD vuong goc AC.
(A)AC=aV3 (B)BC=av^ ( C ) A C = aVJ (E) Cac cau tren khong
2
dung.
(D) AC= ^aV3 (E)AC= -3V 2 .
] .24. Gia sijf goc nhon x c6 tgx = ^ . Khi do, sinx bang
1.20. Tinh do dai daong cao AH ke til A cua mot tam giac vuong
ABC, c6 canh huyen BC = 50 va ti'ch hai dUdng cao kia bang 120. (A) 4=
S
3 1
(B) - = (C) ^
VS
4
• ^/5
(D) ~ ( E ) - .
5
3
5
(A) AH = 8 ( B ) A H = 1 1 (C) AH = 7,5 (D) AH = 11,5
(E) T^t ca cac cau tren den sai. ' .25. Cho tam giac ABC c6 BC = a, CA = b, AB = c.
Mot hoc sinh tien - hanh
« chiing, minh tg — B = b nhu sau:
1.21. Cho tam giac MNP vuong tai P, trong do MP = 4,5, NP = 6. 2 a+c
Tmh cac ti so'lUdng giac ciia goc N. (1) Tu- B, ke phan giac BD (D tren AC). Ta c6 (1)
4 3 4 3 B AD AD
(A) sin N = - ; cos N = - ; tg N = - ; com N = - . tg - = = .
5 5 3 ^ 4 DC a DC+AD 2 AB a + c b a+c
2 3 4 7 (3) Theo
(2) Rut ADtinhd dang thiic tren
chat dUdng phanva giac,
thay lai
vaoc6(1), ta dude
AD c ADB cb AD c
(B) sin N = - ; cos N = - ; tg N = - ; cotg N = - .
'^2" = a7^-
5 5 7 4
112 (C) sin N = -3; cos N = -4; tg N = -4; cotg = ^3 • 113
 Chon y kien dung t r o n g cac y ki6n sau day: T R A C NGHIEM Kl NANG TINH TOAN
(A) Chiing m i n h t r e n sai ci giai doan (2). B
VA KHA NANG SUY LUAN C A O
(B) Chiing m i n h t r e n sai ci giai doan (3).
(C) Chiing m i n h t r e n diing hoan toan.
1.28. Ta CO eac cong thiic
(D) Chiing m i n h t r e n sai ci giai doan (2) va giai doan (3).
(E) Chiing m i n h tren sai 6" giai doan (1). N 4 U t h e m gia t h i ^ t (A) sin"a + C O S a = 1 ; cotg a +^1.
cos^a
"tarn gidc ABC vuong tai A" t h i chiing m i n h t r e n hoan toan diing.
(B) sin"a.cos^a = 1 ; = cotg^a + 1.
1.26. Giai tarn giac vuong A B C , biet canh huyen BC bang 7, g6( cos^a
nhon B bang 36". 1
(C) ^ = tg^a + 1 ; — — - cotg^a + 1.
(A) C = 32" (B) A B = 23,4 (C) AC = 11,5 cos" a sin" a
(D) C = 32", A B = 5,663, (E) Tat ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
(A) sin^ a + cos^ a = 1 ; = cotg^a + 1.
cosa
1.27. Cho t a m giac A B C c6 goc A nhpn va h a i duong cao B D , CE.^
De chiing m i n h (hoac bac bo) h a i t a m giac A D E va A B C dong (D) sin" a + cos^ a = 1 ; — ^ = cotg^a + 1.
sin a
dang, em hay chpn h l u a n diing t r o n g cac h l u a n sau day:
(A) H a i t a m giac t r e n khong the dong dang, v i c6 mot cap goc 1.29. Cho t g a = 3 . T i n h cac t i so liidng giac con l a i .
khong bang nhau. ^ 1 1 1 "J^
(A) cotg or = - , cos or = - (B) cos or = - , sin a = —
,(B) H a i t a m giac vuong AEC va A D B dong dang n h a u vv^co :k 3 2 ' 2 2
goc A chung. T u y nhien, hai t a m giac A D E va A B C khong d6ng danv. 1 1
(C) cotgor = - , sinor = — (D) eosor = — , s i n a = -
v i khong t h I c6 A D / A B = AE/AC. J 4 2 2
(C) V i hai t a m giac AEC va A D B dong dang nen A D / A B = 3N/10 Vio
(E) s m a = — , eosa =
AE/AC, suy r a hai t a m giac A D E va A B C dong dang. 10 10
(D) D u n g h a i t a m giac vuong A E C va A D B de t i n h cosA theo
1.30. M o t chi^c t h a n g dai 50 bp (feet), dat dvTa vao mot biic tucJng
hai each khac nhau, t i f do eo the tiep tuc de suy ra suy ra h a i tam
xay thang dung. Khoang each ttf dau eham tUPng den mat dat la 43
giac A D E va ABC dong dang.
,bp. T i n h goc cua t h a n g hdp voi mat dat (goc nay bieu t h i cho dp doc
(E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
•cua thang) va t i n h khoang each t u ehan t h a n g dSn biic tuong?
K ^ t qua tifcJng ling n h u sau:
(A) 5 9 ° 2 0 ' ; V651 bp. (B) 5 1 ° 1 0 ' ; Veil bp.
(C) 5 0 ° 2 0 ' ; 15,5 bp. (D) 59"20' ; 21 bp.
(E) 4 9 ° 3 0 ' ; VesT bp.
1.31. T i n h diiPng cao ke t u C ciia t a m giac A B C , bi§t
BCA = 1 lO", CAB = 35", BC = 4cm.
(A) 3cm (B) 5,123cm (C) 3,759em (D) 4,123em
(E) M o t k4t qua khac.
114
 AB^ HB AB^ DA
1.32. G i a sut H l a t r i f c t a m cua t a m giac n h p n A B C . T r e n d o a n H B (A)
AC^ HC ' AC^ AC
v a H C l a y h a i d i e m M , N sao cho cac goc A M C v a A N B d4u v u o n g .
AB^ DA AB^ DB
K h i do: (B)
AC^ "AC ' AC-^ EC
(A) AN = AM (B)AN>AM (C)AN<AM
AB^ HB AB' DB
(D) K h o n g t h e d u n g cac diJ k i e n o" de b a i de so s a n h duoc A N (C)
AC^ "HC ' AC' EC
vdi A M .
AB^ DH AB^ DA
(E) T a t ca cac c a u t r e n d e u s a i . (D)
AC^ AC ' AC^ AC
1.33. Cho t a m giac v u o n g t a i C v d i k i h i e u t h o n g thvfdng.
(E) Tit ca cac cau t r e n d e u s a i .
C h o b = 12, cosB = 1 / 3 . T i n h a, c.
1.37. p h o t a m giac A B C c a n t a i A , d i i d n g cao A H va B K . T a c6:
(A) a = 9 N ^ , c = 3V2 . (B) a = 3N/2 , c = 9V2 . \
(C) a = 3, c = 4. (D) a = 4, c = 3. (E) a = 1 1 , c = 15. ^

1.34. G i a sijf m o t chiec d o n g ho c6 k i m g i d d a i 4 c m v a k i m p h u t &di

6 c m . H o i vao l i i c 2 g i d d i i n g , k h d a n g each g i u a h a i d a u k i m l a bao
nhieu ?

BK^~2BC- 2AH-•
(A) 3Scm (B) 4= c m (C) 4-cm ( D ) 27? c m

( E ) T a t ca cac c a u t r e n d d u s a i . 1.38. Tam giac A B C v u o n g t a i C c6 s i n A = p . T i n h do d a i cac

1.35. C h o t a m giac A B C c6 h l a chi4u cao k e t i f C v a A B = c. c a n h , b i 6 t d i e n t i c h t a m giac A B C bang 120 ( d o n v i ) .

M o t hoc s i n h l i l u a n n h i f s a u : (A) A C = 5, B C = yf[24 , A B = 13

(B) "AC = 24, B C = 10, A B = 26

(1) G o i H l a c h a n d u d n g cao k e t i i C. T a c6
(C) A C = 13, B C = ^/^34 , A B = 5
A H = h.cotgA , B H = h.cotgB .
(D) A C = 12, B C = 5, A B = 13
(2) M a c = A B = A H + H B n e n c = h.cotgA + h.cotgB .
(E) A C = 5, B C = 12, A B = 13.
(3) S u y r a h = c ( t g A + tgB).•
1.39. C h o h i n h t h a n g c a n A B C D c6 d a y 16n A B = 2 0 c m , h a i c a n h
H a y chpn cau t r a Idi d u n g :
b e n A D = B C = 5 c m , goc A B C = 25°. T i n h c h i ^ u cao v a d a y n h o CD.
( A ) L i l u a n t r e n d a d a n d e n m p t k e t q u a d i i n g , t h i i d n g dupe
(A) C h i d u cao bang 2 , 1 1 5 c m ; C D = 1 0 , 9 4 c m .
i i p d u n g t r o n g cac b a i t o a n .
(B) C h i k cao b a n g 3 , 5 2 4 c m ; C D = 8 , 2 4 c m .
( B ) L i l u a n t r e n s a i t\i g i a i d o a n (3).
(C) C h i e u cao b a n g 3 , 1 8 2 c m ; C D = 6 , 4 2 c m .
(C) L i l u a n t r e n sai t i f g i a i d o a n (2).
(D) C h i 4 u cao b a n g 3 , 2 3 2 c m ; C D = 7,54cm.
( D ) L i l u a n t r e n s a i t i i g i a i d o a n (1).
( E ) C h i g u cao b a n g 4 , 8 3 1 c m ; C D = 9 , 4 7 c m .
( E ) T d t ca cac cau t r e n deu s a i .
1.40. d h i n h s a u , m o t can n h a n a m t a i v i t r i d i l m C cua m o t hon
1.36. Cho t a m giac A B C v u o n g t a i A , d a d n g cao A H . H D , H E I a n
l a o t l a d U d n g cao cua cac t a m giac A H B va A H C . T a c6:
117
 dao. M o t c a n n h a k h a c j i a m t a i d i 6 m B . G i a s u k h o a n g each txi A d i n
DAP AN VA HLTONG DAN •
D l a 10 k m v a A B C = C A B = 2 8 ° . T i m k h o a n g each B C .
BAI TAP T R A C NGHIEM HJNH HOC - C H a O N G 1

.1. Chpn(C).

Chon(D).
10.0km

1.3. Chpn (D).

1.4. C h p n ( E ) . A C = 10,5. D u n g d i n h 11 P i - t a - g o d l t i n h A D v a D C .

1.5. C h p n (C). V i A B ^ = B H . B C = 2, n e n A B = 72 , l a s6 v 6 t i .

1.6. C h p n (A).

(A) BC = 12,66km (B) BC = 11,26km (C) B C = 1 4 , 0 6 k m . |l.7. C h p n ( A ) . cos A = b / c = ( 6 , 4 ) / ( 7 , 8 ) = 0,82.

( D ) B C = 15km ( E ) B C = 16km. S u y r a goc A = 34°52'.

^1.8. Chpn(C).
1.41. Niu a l a goc n h o n v a s i n ^ a = , t h i t h i tga hkng:
1.9. C h p n (C). D u n g t i n h c h a t : h a i goc p h u n h a u t h i s i n goc nay
Jang cos goc k i a ; t a n g goc n a y b S n g c o t a n g goc k i a .
(A) x\ (B) - (C)
X
1.10. C h p n (A).
( D ) yjx^ - 1 ( E ) M 6 t k i t qua k h a c ,
Chpn(E).
1.42. C h o t a m giac v u o n g A B C , g p i D , E l a h a i d i i m t r e n canh
P12. C h p n (C). a = c.sin A = 15 ( 2 / 5 ) = 6. b ' = c' - a ' = 189, s u y r a
h u y i n B C sao cho B D = D E = E C . B i i t do d a i d o a n A D = s i n x ,
b « 13,7.
A E = cosx v 6 i 0 < X < ^ . T i n h do d a i c a n h h u y i n B C .
••13. C h o n (C). A B = 15, A H = — , CH = — , BH = — .
375 275,
(C) (D)
5 ' 3 1.14. C h p n (B). X = 721(21 + 24) , y = 724(21 + 24).
( E ) K h o n g t h i t i n h duoc, v i t h i i u g i a t h i i t .
1.15. C h p n ( E ) . A H = 7 4 J 6 = 8.

2 15 7l5
1.16. C h p n (C). cos- a = 1 - sin^ a = — => cosa = —

sin or 1 15
tgar =
cosor 7l5 15

1.17. C h o n ( B ) . A B = A C = 9 ; BH'^^ = 32 ; B C = 6.

lias
 1.18. Chon (A). Gij\U chan thang each titdng \h x met, ta eu 1.2H. Chon (C). — = 2 ' ~ ^'
cos" u cos"a
cos60" = ~ . Vay x = 6.-'- = 3 m .
6 2 1 sin a + cos a 2
= , = cotg a + 1.
cos" a cos"u
1.19. Chon (A). De thay goc C = 30" ; a = A13 = BC.cosli = ^ BC, .suv
1.29. Chon (E). cotga = - . Su dung — = 1 + cotg^a de c6
la BC = 2a. Theo ctinh l i Pi-ta-go, ta t i n h diWc AC = aV3 . 3 sin" a
1.20. C h o n ( E ) . A H = 12/5. 3^fw Vio
sma = —10
— , suy ra cos « = 10
1.21. Chpn(D). Taco
1.30.- Chon (A). Dap s6: sin A = 0,86, A = 59"20'. V65T bp.
M N = \/4,5- + 6- = yl^y- +6~ = y2a25~+36 = ^ 5 6 ^ = 7.5 ;
1.31. Chpn (C). Truoc tien, ta c6 A B C = 35°. Ke diiong cao B H ( H
nam ngoai doan AC). Dat B H = h. Ta c6
sin N = = — = - ; cosN = V l - .sin N = , 1 = - ;
b = AC = BC v i ABC la t a m giac can va BCH = 7 0 " .
NM 75 5 V 25 5
h = BC.sin70° =^ h = 3,759.
X, sinN 3 ^, 4
tgN = = ^ ; cotgN = - . 1.32. Chpn (A). V i t a m giac A N B vuong t a i N vdi dudng cao N F nen
cos N 4 3
AN2 = AF.AB. (1)
1.22. Chon (B). BC = VG^+S" = 10, A H = = 4,8. Do t a m giac A M C vuong t a i M voi during
BC cao M E nen
1.23. Chon (E). BD la t r u n g tuyen ling canh huyen nen bAng nua A M ^ = AE.AC. (2)
canh huyen, suy ra B D = 3. T u y nhien, chua chac B D J. AC, inac du Cac t a m giac A E B va AFC dong
tren h i n h ve, c6 ve nh\i B D J. AC.
dang (hai t a m giac vupng c6 mot
1.24. Chon (B). Ta CO cosx = 2sinx va goc nhpn chung) chp ta
sill x + c o s x = l = > 5 s i n x = 1 sinx = — . AE AF
« AE.AC = A F . A B . (3)
AB AC
1.25. Chon(E).
Tvf (1), (2) va (3) ta suy ra A M = A N .
1.26. Chon (E). Ta c6 C = 90" - 36" = 54". Theo cac he thiTc giiia
eaiili v;\c trong tam giac vuong, ta c6 : 1.33. Chpn (B). t g - B = = 8 , 8a- = 144, a^ = 18, a = 3N/2 ,
cos' B
A B = BC.sinC = 7..sin54" * 5.663 ;
c = 3a = 9 ^ .
AC = BC.sinB = 7.5in36" * 4,115. B
. . r , r., . T ^ . A A Al- AD AC 1.34. Chpn (D). Vao liic 2 gio diing, goc
1.27. Chon (D). cosA = ;cosA = => = , suy ra hai giiia hai dau k i m la 60°. K i hieu k i m giP la
AB AC AB AC
OB, k i m p h u t la OA, ha A H 1 OB. Nhif thd,
tam giac A D E va ABC dong dang.
O A i i la nua t a m giac deu va ta CO
 w
^ 1.39. Chon (A). Ke CH, DK vuong goc AB.
OH - 3cm, AH = cm, BH = 1cm. Vay suy ra
AB = N/27 + 1 = 2V7 cm. CH = DK = 5sin25° ;
AK = HB = 5cos25°.
c.tgA.tgB
1.35. Chpn (B). h = Tra bang, ta dupc sin25° = 0,423 ; cos25° = 0,906. Tvf do,
cotgA + cotgB tgA + tgB
CH = 2,115cm, AK = 4,53cm.
1.36. Chon (C). Trong tam giac vuong ABC ta c6: Day nho CD = AB - 2AK = 20 - 9,06 = 10,94cm.
AB^ = BH.BC ; AC" = CH.BC . Vay chieu cao hinh thang bSng 2,115cm va day nho CD bSng
AB^ BH.BC HB 10,94cm.
Suy ra
AC^ HC.BC HC 1.40. Chpn (A). BC = 12,06km. De y, tam giac BCA can tai C vOi
AB^ HB^ BCA = 124°. Tu do, A C b = 56°. Tu do, BD = 10cotg28°,
Do do : ^2 •
AC' CD = 10cotg56°, suy ra BC.
Tam giac vuong ABH cho: HB^ = BD.BA . • 1.41. Chpn (D). Suf dung cong thiic nhan 2 :
Tam giac vuong ACH cho: HC" = CE.CA . cosa = 1 - 2sin^
AB'' BD.BA AB' DB
V ^ y 2x x
Do do: • Vay
AC^ CE.CA AC' EC Suy ra : tga = J 1 = Vx" - 1 .
cos^ a
1.37. Chon (C). Ke BM / / A H ,
M nkxn tren AC keo dai. 1.42. Chpn (C). Tvf D, E ve l4n liidt cac doan DF, EG v u o n g g6c voi
BK la dUdng cao ciia tam liAC, cho ta : CF = FG = GA = b v a DF = 2EG = 2a. Ap dung dinh l i Pi-
giac vuong BCM va BM = ta-go vao cac t a m giac CDF v a CEG, t a dupe :
2AH n e n : 4a^ + b^ = sin^x,
1 1 a^ + 4b^ = cos^x.
BK^ BC- + B M ' BC- • +4 A H - • Cpng h a i phiTdng t r i n h n a y t a s u y r a : 5(a^ + hf = 1. Do do:

1.38. Chpn (B). Dat x = BC, y = AC thi - xy = 120, hay xy = 240, A B = VCB^+CA^ = 3 7 a - + b - = 3 y .

240 . . X 240 5
suy ra X = . Ttf dp, tgA = = —— . Mat khac, sinA = — nen
y y y- • 13

cosA = J l - = J ^ - ^ = — , do do tgA = ^
169 169 13 cos A 12
, 240 5 •> 240.12
Vay ta dvrpc —1^ = — , suy ra y~ = = 576, suy ra
y" 12 5
y = V576 = 24 (vi y > 0).

Tii do, AC = 24, BC = 10, AB = 26.

12s
 (B) Qua ba diem k h o n g t h i n g h a n g bao giof cung dUng d L f p c
Dl/dNG TRON m p t di/cfng t r o n va chi mot ma t h o i . N o i each khac, ba d i e m k h o n g
t h i n g h a n g xac d i n h mpt dUdng t r o n .
(C) Mpt diem O cho triidc va mpt so thuc diidng R cho trUdc
xac d i n h mpt diidng tron t a m O c6 ban k i n h R.
I (D) N6u d i l m M thoa man A M B = 90°, ngUdi ta thudng noi
T R A C N G H I E M KIEN THIJC V A T H O N G HIEU
rkng diim M nhin AB dicdi mot goc vuong. N h i i vay, neu M nhin AB
,Jif6i mpt goc vuong t h i M n l m tren diTdng tron dUdng k i n h M O , vdi O
2.1. T i m doan vSn c6 noi dung s a i trong cac doan vSn sau: la t r u n g diem AB.
(A) M o t duang tron t a m 0 ban k i n h R (> 0) l a tap hgfp t a t
2.4. Cho difdng t r o n t a m O va mpt diem M nSm ben trong dudng
ca cac d i e m each 0 cho trUdc mot k h o a n g each R k h o n g doi.
tron nay. M p t duong t h i n g di dpng n h u n g luon luon qua M , c i t
(B) Cho h a i diem A, B p h a n biet c u a diio'ng t r o n . P h a n diiong t r o n t a i A va B. Chiing m i n h r i n g t r u n g d i l m A B nam tren
dtro'ng t r o n nkm t r o n g mot nuTa m a t p h a n g c6 boi A B difo'c goi la
mpt difdn'g t r o n c6 d i n h .
mot cung tron. A, B dUgfc goi l a h a i ddu niiit cua cung va ta c6 hai
M p t hpe sinh tien h a n h nhif sau:
cung n h i i t h e . Doan t h i n g A B dMc goi l a day cung.
(1) Gpi I la t r u n g d i i m AB.
(C) K h i A B di qua t a m O, cung A B dtfo'c goi l a duang kinh.
(2) Tam giac AOB can t a i O nen 0 1 1 AB.
(D) K h i day A B l a diicJng k i n h c u a dUdng t r o n t a m O b a n k i n h (3) N h i i vay, t a m giac O I A vuong t a i I , ma OA la ban k i n h
i?, ta CO A B = AO + OB = 2R. dudng tron nen OA c6 dp dai khong doi. Suy r a I n i m t r e n duong
(E) K h i day A B khong l a duong k i n h cua duong t r o n t a m O t r o n c6 d i n h c6 t a m la t r u n g d i l m OA, ban k i n h ^ OA.
b a n k i n h i?, ta c6 AB < 2/?.
(A) Ldi giai t r e n diing hdan toan.
2.2. 6 h i n h ben, cho bi§t OB = 7cm.
(B) Ldi giai t r e n sai 6 giai doan (1).
(A) Luon luon ta c6 the t i n h dvfoc do dai A B .
(C) Loi giai tren sai ci giai doan (2).
B (B) Chi CO the t i n h diidc do dai A B k h i h\k
(D) I n I m t r e n dudng tron c6 d i n h dudng k i n h OB, do do, ldi
dp dai OA.
•
' giai tren khong diing.
, (C) N§u bi§t dp dai BC, hoSc bi^t goc BAG,
(E) T i t ea cac cau t r e n d4u sai.
CO the t i n h dupe dp d a i A B .
2.5. T i m cau sai trong cac cau sau:
(D) V i AC = 14cm nen c6 t h I t i n h dvfdc do
(A) T a m ciia dtfo-ng t r o n la t a m doi xiJng cua dtfdng t r o n do.
daiAB.
(B) Bat k i dLTong k i n h nao cung la true doi xufng eiia diio-ng
(E) T a t ca cac c a u t r e n deu s a i .
tron.
2.3. T i m ddan vfin c6 npi dung s a i trong cac doan vSn sau:
(C) Duo'ng k i n h vuong goc v6-i mpt day cung t h i c h i a day
(A) K h i hai diTo'ng t r o n c6 b a n k i n h b§ng nhau, ta noi rang
cung ay r a hai p h a n b i n g n h a u .
h a i du'dng t r o n do bdng nhau.
(D) Dtfcfng k i n h di qua t r u n g d i e m ciia mpt day cung k h o n g
di qua t a m t h i vuong goe vol day cung ay.
124
(E) Trong cac cau t r e n , c6 i t nhat mpt cau sai.
 2.9. Cho diidng tron c6 ban kinh la 12, mot day cung vuong grt vdi
2.6. Tim doan vSn c6 npi dung sai trong cac doan vSn sau:
mot ban kinh tai trung diem cua ban kinh ay c6 dp dai la:
(A) Trong mot di/o'ng tron, hai day cung bkng nhau khi va
chi khi chung each deu tarn. (A) 3N/3 ( B ) 27 (C) 6^3 (D) 12^3
(B) Trong hai day cung khong bSng nhau ciia mot diTo'ng (E) Mot dap s6 khac.
tron, day cung nay 16'n ho'n khi va chi khi no gan tarn ho'n day 2.10. Trong mat phang tpa dp, cho A(3 ; 4). Xet dudng tron tam A c6
cung kia. ban kinh bang 3, difdng tron nay c6 vi t r i nhii the nao so vdi cae true
(C) Cho hai difdng tron c6 tam O va 0'. Xet hai day cung A l i tpa dp ?
va A'B' tifdng ling nSm tren hai ducJng tron (O) va (O'). Klii do, AB = (A) DiicJng tron do eat true tung tai hai d i l m va cat true
A'B' khi va chi khi khoang each tvf O den AB bSng khoang each tu 0' hoanh tai hai diem.
d4n A'B'. ( B ) Difdng tron do tiep xxic true tung va cat true hoanh t a i ,
hai diem.
(D) Cho ducJng tron tam O va mot diem M nkm ben t i n n -
difdng tron nay. Trong cac day di qua M , ta c6: day dai nhat ehinli (C) Difdng tron do khong giao nhau vdi true tung va cung
dudng kinh di qua M , day ngSn nhat la day di qua M va vuong khong giao nhau vdi true hoanh.
vdi OM. (D) Dudng tron do tiep xiic true tung va khong giao nhau vdi
true hoanh.
2.7. Tren mot difong tron tam O, ngifc5i ta lay theo thii tu bon (E) Diidng tron do tiep xiic true tung va tiep xue true hoanh.
di'em A, B, C, D. Khi do:
2.11. Cho hai dudng tron (O) va (O') eat nhau tai A va B . Qua A, ve
(A) Khoang each t i i 0 den AC va BD luon hkng nhau.
mot diidng thang eat (0) tai C va eat (0') tai D. Gpi M , N \kn Ivfdt la
(B) Khoang each t i i O d§n AC va BD bang nhau khi AB = CD.
trung diem AC va AD.
(C) Khoang each t\i 0 den AC luon Ion hdn khoang each t u O
d§n BD. (A) N6u A nam trong doan thang CD thi M N < ^ CD.
(D) Khoang each tii 0 den BD luon Idn hdn khoang each t\i O
din AC. ( B ) N6u A nam ngoai doan thang CD t h i M N < ^ CD.
(E) T M ca eac eau tren dgu sai.
(C) N^u A nam trong doan thang CD t h i M N > ^ CD.
2.8. Goi d la khoang each tis tarn 0 ciia mot dird'ng tron (ban
kinh R) den mot diio'ng thSng. Tiro'ng lirng vd'i ba he thufc
(D) N4U A nam ngoai doan thang CD thi M N > ^ CD.
d>R; d = R; d<R,
ta CO vi t r i tUo'ng doi eua dtfo'ng thang va dtrd'ng tron nhif sau: (E) Tat ca cac eau tren dhu sai.

(A) Khong giao nhau ; tiep xiie nhau ; cM nhau.
(B) Tiep xue nhau ; khong giao nhau ; eSt nhau.
(C) Khong giao nhau ; eSt nhau ; tiep xiic nhau.
(D) Tiep xiic nhau ; cSt nhau ; khong giao nhau.
(E) Cat nhau ; khong giao nhau ; tiep xiie nhau.
2.12. Tim doan van c6 npi dung sai trong cac doan van sau:
(A) Neu mot difdng tron tiep xiie vdi ca ba canh mot tam
giac, ta noi no la diiang tron ngoai tiep eiia tam giae. Neu mot
diTong tron di qua ba dinh mot tam giac, ta noi no la dudng tron
noi tiep tam giac do.

127
 (B) Neu mot du6-ng thSng la tiep tuyen ciia m o t diiong t r o n (A) Quy t i c h cac d i e m M l a duc5ng tron t a m A b a n k i n h AB.
t h i no vuong goc vo'i ban k i n h d i qua tiep diem. (B) Quy t i c h cac diem M l a dUcJng t r u n g trUc c u a A B .
(C) Neu m o t diTdng t h a n g vuong goc vol ban k i n h t a i m u l (C) Quy t i c h cac diem M l a duong tron t a m A b a n k i n h A B ,
nSm t r e n dUo'ng t r o n t h i du'o'ng thSng do la mot tiep tuyen ctia ngoai trtf diem B.
du'o'ng t r o n . (D) Quy tich cac diem M l a dUcJng t r u n g true c u a A B , ngoai
(D) Neu h a i tiep tuyen cua mot dLfo-ng t r o n cat nhau t a i mot t r U t r u n g diem O ciia AB.
diem t h i giao diem nay each deu hai tiep diem va t i a ke tCr giao (E) Tat ca cac c a u t r e n deu s a i .
diem do qua t a m duo'ng t r o n la t i a phan giac cua goc tao b d i h a i
tiep tuyen. 2.16. Xet cac doan v a n s a u :
(1) H a i dUdng tron k h a c n h a u chi c6 the rdi vao mot trong b a
2.13. T i m doan vSn c6 npi dung sai trong cac doan vSn sau:
trUdng hdp: k h o n g giao n h a u (ngoai n h a u hoae trong n h a u ) ; tigp xiic
(A) DiTdng t r o n tiep xiic v6i ba canh ciia mot t a m giac t h i dude
i i h a u (tiep xiic trong hoae ngoai) v a eat n h a u tai h a i diem p h a n biet.
goi la dicdng tron noi tiep cua t a m giac do.
(2) Duc$ng n6i t a m 0 0 ' ciia h a i dUcJng tron l a true d6i x i i n g
(B) T a m cua duong t r o n noi tiep mot t a m giac la giao d i l m ba
ciia h a i dUdng tron do.
difcfng phan giac trong cua t a m giac do.
(3) N^u h a i dUdng tron tiep xiic n h a u t h i tiep d i e m n a m t r e n
(C) Duong t r o n tiep xiie vdi mot canh cua mot t a m giac va ti§p
dUcJng noi t a m .
xuc vdi phan keo dai ciia h a i canh k i a t h i dude goi la dudng tron
(4) NIU h a i dUcJng tron cat n h a u t h i h a i giao diem A v a B doi
bang tiep cua t a m giac do.
% i i n g n h a u q u a dUcJng noi t a m . Ta c6 0 0 ' c h i n h l a dUcJng t r u n g true
(D) Tam cua dudng t r o n bang tiep mot t a m giac la giao d i l m
ciiaAB.
h a i diTdng phan giac ngoai ciia t a m giac (va nam t r e n phan giac
(A) Chi c o d ) sai. (B) C h i c 6 ( 2 ) s a i .
t r o n g ciia goc tudng ling ma no bang tiep).
(C) C h i CO (3) s a i . (D) C h i c6 (4) s a i . (E) Tat c a deu diing.
(E) Cho mot t a m giac, ta c6 duy nhat mot duong t r o n bang
tiep va duy nhat mot dudng t r o n noi tiep. 2.17. Cho h a i dUdng tron b a n k i n h r v a i ? tUdng ling, ti^p xiic ngoai
*'v6i n h a u v a c h i i n g ti§p xiic v6i dUdng t h i n g (L) tai cac t i l p diem S v a
2.14. Cho doan thSng c6 d i n h A B . H a i t i a Ax, By di dong n h i i n g
T. K h i do, k h d a n g each ST bang:
luon song song va eung chieu. Goi (O) la dudng t r o n t a m O, tiep xiic
(A) 2r + VR (B) 2V^ (C) 2V4K-4'X
A B , Ax, By \kn ludt t a i cac d i l m T, C, D.
(D) 2rVR+\/r . (E) M o t k i t qua khac.
(1) Ba d i l m C, O, D thSng hang.
(2) T6ng AC + BD la hang s6. 18. Cho h a i dUdng tron t a m O v a O' eo d = 0 0 ' v a eo b a n k i n h \kn

(3) T a m giac AOB vuong t a i O. •at l a R v a R'. Trong cac c a u s a u , c a u nao sai?
Trong cac cau t r e n : (A) D i l u k i e n at c6 v a d i i dh h a i dUcJng tron da cho cat n h a u l a
(A) C h i CO cau (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing. R - R ' < d < R + R'.
(C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai. (B) Dieu k i e n at c6 v a d i i d l h a i dUcJng tron d a cho cat n h a u l a

(E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai. IR - R' I < d < R + R.

(C) D i l u k i e n at c6 v a d i i de h a i dUdng tron d a cho cat n h a u l a
2.15. Cho hai diem cc d i n h A, B va mot dudng thang I quay quanh
R, R' v a d l a do dai ba c a n h ciia mot t a m giac.
A. Goi M la diem doi x i i n g ciia B qua I.

129
 (D) Trong ba cau tren, chi c6 cau (a) la cau sai. T R A C N G H I $ M KF N A N G T I N H T O A N
VA KHA NANG S U Y LUAN CAO
2.19. Cho dxidng tron tarn I, diiong kinh PQ. Qua P, Q, l4n liidt
hai day song song nhau ciia dvfong tron: P M // Q N .
(1) T a CO P M = QN.
.21. Cho P la mot diem ben trong ducJng tron (K), P khac v6i tam
(2) M N la ban kinh cua difdng tron da cho.
(3) M va N doi xiing nhau qua I. Mot day cung M N di dong quay quanh P.

Trong cac cau tren: (A) Quy tich cac trung diem cua day cung M N la mot dvfcJng

(A) Chi CO cau (1) sai. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) sai. on, ngoai t n i mot diem.

(C) Chi CO cau (3) dung. (D) Khong c6 cau nao s a i . (B) Quy tich cac trung diem cu^ day cung M N la mot dvfdng
(E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai. on, neu khoang each tii P t6i tam dilcJng tron K nho hdn niia ban
'nh cua'dUdng tron K ; ngifdc lai, quy tich se l a mot cung nho hdn
2.20. Goi M la mot diem nSm ben trong mot diidng tron (I) c6 tarn 1,
60°.
(1) Tat ca cac difong thSng qua M d§u cSt (I) tai mot dilm d u y
(C) Quy tich cac trung diem ctia day cung M N la niia dudng
nhat.
on, ngoai trijf mot diem.
(2) Tat ca cac dUcJng thfing qua M dSu cat (I) tai hai dilni
(D) Quy tich cac trung diem cua day cung M N la niia dudng
phan biet.
"n.
(3) Ton tai mot dudng thang qua M va ti^p xiic vdi (I).
(E) Quy tich cac trung diem cua day cung M N la mot diJdng
Trong cac cau tren:
on.
(A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
(C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai. 22. Cho difdng tron tam 0, ban kinh R va mot d i l m P c6 dinh
(E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai. * m ngoai diidng tron. Qua P, mot dvf6ng thang di dong, cat dudng
on nay tai A va B: • I

(A) Quy tich trung diem M cua AB la difcJng tron dvfdng kinh
O.
(B) Quy tich trung diem M cua A B la diicJng tron tam ban
'nh PO.
(C) Quy tich trung dilm M ciia A B la dvfcing tron tam P, ban
'nh P M .
(D) Quy tich trung d i l m M cua AB la difcJng trung trUc cua
can thang A B .
(E) T^t ca cac cau tren deu sai.
i23. Cho dvfcJng tron (O) va diem P thuoc difdng tron nay (P c6
inh). Goi (k) la dviong thing nam ngoai (0). De dving dvfcJng tron (Q)
•§p xuc (k) va ti^p xuc (6) tai P, mot hoc sinh ti^n hanh nhvf sau:

ISO
 (1) N6i OP. Qua P, ke tidp tuy§n v6i (O), tiip tuy#n nay cSt 2.26. Cho dUcJng tron tam O va doan thSng c6 dinh PQ. Gpi M la
(k) tai N . dihm di dpng tren dUPng tron. Tvf M , ve doan t h i n g M M ' sao cho
(2) hiy tren (k) diem M sao cho NM = NP.
MM'//PQ, M M ' = PQ
(3) Tvf M , ke dilcJng thing vuong goc v6i (k), diiOng thSng nay
a hai tia MM', PQ song song cung chieu. Khi do:
cat ducjng thing OP tai Q.
(A) D i l m M ' luon n i m tren mot dUcJng t h i n g c6 dinh.
(4) L^y Q lam tarn, dttng diicJng tron (Q) c6 tarn Q, ban kinh
( B ) D i l m M ' luon n i m tren mot tia c6 dinh. •
QP. K h i do, (Q) la difong tron phai dung.
Cach dung tren: (C) D i l m M ' luon n i m tren mot dUPng tron c6 dinh.

(A) sai t ^ giai doan (1). (B) sai t\i giai doan (2). (D) Khong thh k§t luan dUdc r i n g d i l m M ' luon n i m tren mot
(C) sai t u giai doan (3). (D) sai til giai doan (4). UPng CO dinh nao.
( E ) dung hoan toan. (B) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai.

2.24. Cho tam giac ABC dhn c6 trong tarn G. Ke A H 1 BC, voi H 2.27. Gpi E la giao d i l m hai dUdng cheo cua mot da giac loi ABCD,
tren BC. Ben trong tam giac CGH, ta lay diem K. Gpi k la khoang Va gpi P, Q, R va S l i n lupt la tam cac dUong tron ngoai ti^p cac tam
each tijf K den canh AC. Ve duong tron tam K, ban kinh k. Xac dinh giac ABE, BCE, CDE va ADE. Ta c6:
vi t r i cua dUcJng tron nay va ba canh cua tam giac ABC. (A) PQRS la hinh binh hanh.
(A) Duong tron da cho c4t AC tai hai diem, ckt BC tai hai (B) PQRS la hinh binh hanh k h i va chi khi ABCD la hinh

diem va khong giao nhau v6i AB. thoi.

(B) DucJng tron da cho tiep xiic v6i AC, c i t BC tai hai d i l m va (C) PQRS la hinh binh hanh khi va chi k h i ABCD la hinh
khong giao nhau vcfi AB. chu nhat.
(C) Duong tron da cho tiep xiic v6i AC, ti§p xiic voi BC va (D) PQRS la hinh binh thanh khi va chi k h i ABCD la hinh
khong giao nhau voi AB. binh hanh.
(D) Dupng tron da cho tiep xuc voi AC, cSt BC tai hai di§m va (E) T M ca cac cau tren deu sai.
tiep xuc v6i AB. .28. Cho ba dUcfng tron ban kinh cung bing 5 (ddn vi) nhU hinh ve,
( E ) DucJng tron da cho tiep xuc vcti ba canh AC, BC, AB. 6 tam la A, B, C. DE va FG la hai ti§p t u y i n cua duong tron tam C.

2.25. Ba duong tron nho tiep xiic "ay tinh FG.

nhau tiing doi mot va tiep xuc vcii
cac canh cua tam giac nhu hinh ben.
Neu moi dUOng tron c6 ban kinh la
3, the thi chu vi cua tam giac se la:
( A ) 3 6 + 9N/2 ( B ) 36+ 6^3
(C)36 + 9>/3 (D)18+18V3
(E)36-9N/3.
 t
(A) FG = (B) FG = (C) FG = n liidt la 20, 16 va 8. Ban kinh cua dudng tron la :
N/5 6 S '
(A) 12 (B)4V7 , (C) -
(D) FG = (E) Mot y t qua khac.

2.29. Cho nOta duong tron (O, R) dUcing kinh AB. Ve tiep tuyen Bx
tai B cua (O). Goi M la diem di dong thuoc nvfa dUdng tron (0) va AM (D) - y - (E) mot k i t qua khac.
cat Bx tai N. De 2AM + A N dat gia t r i nho nhat, ta phai c6:
2,33. Hai tiep tuyen tai hai diem B, C cua dUdng tron (O, R) cat
(A) AM = - AB. (B) M la trung diem cua cung AB. nhau tai A. Tiep tuyen tai mot diem M bat ki tren cung nho BC cat
ctoan thang AB tai P va cat doan thang AC tai Q.
(C) AM tiep xuc v6i dvfcJng tron.

t
Xet cac menh de sau:
(D) AM = ^ AB (E) Mot ket luan khac.
il) Do dai doan thing PQ ngan nhat.

2.30. Gia sii B la mot d i l m tren diicJng tron (C) c6 tam O. Khi do, (2) M la diem giiia cung BC .
tap hdp tat ca nhiJng diem A trong mSt phSng chiia difong tron (C) (3) Dien tich tam giac APQ Idn nhat.
(4) Dudng cao AH cua A APQ dai nhat.
sao cho khoang each giua A va B be hcfn hay bkng khoang each giiJa
(A) Chi CO hai menh de (1) va (2) tiidng diidng nhau.
A va mot diem bat k i khac tren diicJng tron (C) la:
(B) Chi CO hai menh de (3) va (4) tudng diidng nhau.
(A) doan thftng OB. (B) tia xuM phat tvr O di qua B.
(C) Chi C d hai menh de (1) va (4) tifdng dildng nhau.
(C) mot tia goc la B. (D) mot dvTcSng tron tam 0.
(D) Chi CO hai menh de (2) va (4) tudng dUdng nhau.
(E) mot dUdng tron tam B.
(E) Tat ca 4 menh de do tUdng difdng nhau tung doi mot.
2.31. Cho diicJng t h i n g c6 dinh xy va dudng trdn cd dinh tam O Chil y: Ta noi hai menh de (hay hai phat bieu) la tuang di/cfng
khdng cat dUdng thang nay. Tvf d i l m A di dong tren xy, ta dung hai thuu neu ttf menh de nay ta suy ra diidc menh de kia, va ngildc lai.
tiep tuyen AB va AC tiep xuc vdi diidng trdn tam O tai B va C. Goi D
B«34. Cho hai diem A, B c6 dinh, M la diem di dong sao cho tam
la hinh chilu vuong goc cua O tren xy ; E, F lAn liiot la giao diem cua
iac AMB c6 dirong cao B H bang A M . Khi do:
BC v6i OA va OD.
(A) Quy tich diem M la mot diidng tron.
(1) Ta luon CO OD.OF = OE.OA. (B) Quy tich dilm M la mot cung tron.
(2) BC luon di qua mot diem c6 dinh. (C) Quy tich diem M la hai diTdng tron.
Trong hai cau tren: (D) Quy tich dilm M la mot difdng thing.
(A)Chic6cau(l)dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung. (E) Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai.
(C) Ca hai cau d4u dung. (D) Ca hai cau deu sai. 2.35. Cho hai diidng tron dong tam O, ban kinh R va 2R. Goi P la
(E) (1) dung, nhung khong du gia thiet de c6 (2). .
mot d i l m n i m ngoai diidng tron (O ; 2R). Ve diidng trbn tam P ban
2.32. Goi AB, CD, EF la ba day cung song song cua mot difong tron ^ n h PO, cat duong tron (O ; 2R) tai hai d i l m C, D. OC cat duong
nam cung mot phia doi v6"i tam. Khoang each giua AB va CD bang ron (O ; R) tai E. OD cat diidng tron (O ; R) tai F. K h i do:
vdi khoang each giiia CD va EF. Do dai cua eac day cung AB, CD, EF (1) EG = EC = R va OF = FD = R.

13^ 135
 (2) PE la difcfng cao cua t a m giac POC. (C) B6n di^m M , N , P, Q cung nkm tren mot duong tron.
(3) PF la diidng cao ciia t a m giac POD. (D) Trong bon diem M , N , P, Q,' c6 diem t h i n a m trong, c6
Trong cac cau t r e n : diem t h i n a m ngoai dUong t r o n qua bon diem A, B, C, D.
(A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung. (E) Trong cac cau t r e n , c6 it nhat mot cau sai.
(C) Chi CO cau (3) dung. (D) Ca ba cau deu dung. 2.39. Cho ducJng t r o n (O), t a m O, c6 A B la dilcJng k i n h . Goi (k) va
(E) Tat ca ba cau dhu sai.
(h) Ian lifdt la cac tiep tuyen t a i A, B. Cho C la diem t u y y t r e n (k).
2.36. M o t dUdng t r o n ban k i n h r noi tigp trong t a m giac vuong can Qua O, ke difdng thang vudng goc OC, difdng t h a n g nay cat (k) va (h)
va mot diidng t r o n ban k i n h R ngoai tiep t a m giac ky. tiidng ling t a i K va D . Ke O H vuong goc CD, H thupc CD.
R (1) AC + BD ngan nhat k h i A C = A O .
K h i do, t i so — bang:
r . (2) AC + B D ngan n h M k h i CD = A B .
(3) A C + B D ngan nhat k h i CD//AB.
(A) 1 + V2 (B) ^-^LA (C) ^ - ^

2 2 . ^ Trong cac cau tren:

(A) Chi CO cau (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing.
(D) L : L ^ (E)2(2-V2).
(C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
2.37. Cho t a m giac ABC c6 cac goc d§u nhon. Ve diiong t r o n (S) c6 (E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai.
t a m S, dvTcJng k i n h A B va difcJng t r o n (0) c6 t a m O, difong k i n h AC.
2.40. Cho t a m giac deu ABC noi tiep trong dilcJng t r o n . M o t diidng
Du'ong t h a n g OS ck (S) t a i D va E, cat (O) t ^ i H va K (cac d i l m D, H ,
t r o n t h i i h a i tiep xiic trong voi diidng t r o n ay t a i T va tiep xiic voi cac
E, K theo t h i i tvT do n a m t r e n diicing thang).
canh A B , AC t a i P va Q. Bik do dai BC la 12, hay t i n h dp dai PQ.
(1) BE, B D la cac phan giac (trong va ngoai) cua goc ABC.
(A) 6 (B) 6^3 (C) 8
. (2) CK, C H la cac phan giac cua goc ACB.
(D) SS (E) 9.
(3) B D A E la h i n h chu: nhat.
(4) A H C K la h i n h chu nhat. 2.41. Chp ba diTdng trpri bang n h a u (O), (N) va (P) c6 ban k i n l i la
Trong cac cau t r e n : 15, t r p n g do, (0) ti^p xiic ngoai vdi (N) t a i B va (P) tigp xiic ngoai voi
(A) Chi CO h a i cau (1) va (2) dung. (N) t a i C. Cho A B , BC, CD Ian liidt la diidng k i n h cac dudng t r o n (O),
(B) Chi CO ba cau (2), (3) va (4) diing. (N), (P) va cac d i l m A, B, C, D t h a n g hang. A G ti^p xiic voi dUdng
(C) Chi CO hai cau (3) va (4) diing. t r o n (P) t a i G. Goi E, F la giao di'em ciia A G va dildng t r o n (N)..
(D) K h o n g CO cau nao diing. Do dai ciia doan thang E F la bang
(E) Tat ca 4 cau deu diing. (A) 21,5 (B) 15 (C) 24

2.38. Cho h i n h vuong A B C D . Tren cac canh A B , BC, CD, D A , ta ikn

(D) 22,5 (E) 25.

liidt lay cac dihrn M, N , P, Q sao cho A M = B N = CP = DQ. Goi 0 la

t a m h i n h vuong. Hay xac d i n h cau sai trong cac cau sau day:

(A) N, O, Q thang hang.

(B) M , O, P t h a n g hang.
 DAP AN VA HUONG DAN 2.11. Chpn (E).
BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM HJNH HOC - CHUONG 2 Xet h a i trifdng hdp d l chiing m i n h , trUdng hdp A nSm t r o n g
va tracing hdp A nSm ngoai doan thSng CD, nhif h i n h ve dudi day.
2.1. Chpn ;C).

2.2. Chon (C). I

2.3. Chon (D).
2.4. Chpn (E). L o i giai
t r e n sai ci giai dpan (3).
Phai chiJa l a i n h u sau:
T a m giac O I M vuong t a i I ,
Ta ludn CO M N = - CD.
ma O, M CO d i n h nen suy 2
ra I n k m t r e n dvfdng t r o n 2.12. Chpn (A).
C P d i n h CO t a m la t r u n g
2.13. Chon (E). U n g v6i ba goc, t a c6 ba difcJng t r o n bang tiSp.
d i l m O M , ban k i n h - O M .
9 2.14. Chpn (D). V i A x va B y . l a
2.5. Chpn(E). cac tiep tuyen n e n OC J .
Ax, OD ± By. L a i c6 Ax //
2.6. Chpn (C). Phai t h e m gia thiet hai dudng tron bdng nhau t h i
B y nen qua O chi c6 duy
(C) moi dung.
nhat m p t difpng thSng
2.7. Chpn (B). T a c6 h a i t a m giac AOB va COD bang nhau theo dpng thpi vuong goc v6"i ca
irMbng hdp c-c-c. Suy ra A O B = COD . T u do, hai niia diidng t h i n g A x
- A O B + BOC = c o b + BOC = DOB . va By. N o i each khac, h a i
Do do, suy r a h a i t a m giac AOC va D O B duong thSng OC va B D
bang n h a u theo t r i i d n g hop c - g - c. A t r u n g n h a u , didu nay c6
V i vay, AC = D B , suy r a h a i khoang each t u nghia C, 0, D t h i n g hang.
O d6n AC va B D bSng nhau. Theo t i n h c h i t ti§p t u y ^ n , t a c6 AC = A T va B T = B D . Suy r a
AC + B D = A B , tiic la tdng nay khong doi.
2.8. Chpn (A).
Cung theo t i n h ch4t ti§p t u y i n , t a cp OA va O B tiidng ling la
2.9. Chpn (D). Goi) 0 l a t a m dUdng tron, OR l a ban k i n h va A B la phan giac cac goc COT, DOT. M a h a i goc nay kg b u nen suy r a t a m
day cung vuong goc vdi OR t a i t r u n g diem M . A M la dudng cap cua giac A O B vuong t a i O.

t a m giac deu OAR, dp do : A M = O A . — = 6 V3 A B = 12 ^3 . 2.15. Chpn (A). M A = A B (khpng d6i). Quy tich M la dildng tron
t a m A ban k i n h A B .
2.10. Chon (D).
2.16. Chon(E).
2.17. Chon (B). Dao l a i , v6i mpi diem I t r e n dUdng tron difdng k i n h PK, difcJng
Goi O, P la tarn hai diidng t r o n nho, 16n t h a n g I P cat dUdng t r o n t a i (K) t a i M va N v i I , P ci t r o n g (K). V i K I 1

tiXdng ling. OS // PT v i cung vuong goc M N nen I c h l n h la t r u n g diem ciia day M N . Vay I chinh la mot d i l m
cua quy tich. Kit ludn :
v6i tiep tuyen chung (L).
Quy t i c h n h i i n g diem I la ducJng t r o n dilcJng k i n h PK.
Goi A la diem t r e n OP sao cho T A - r.
K h i do, OATS la h i n h b i n h hanh. Suy ra 2.22. Chpn(E).
O A = ST. D u n g D i n h H Pi-ta-go cho tarn Goc P M O vuong (vi M la t r u n g diem A B va t a m giac A O B can
giac vuong OAP ta dudc ket qua: t a i O), nen M nSm t r e n difcJng t r o n (C), diicJng k i n h PO.
ST = O A = ^{K-^xf -{K-xf = l^xK . T r u n g diem M cua AB
luon nkm trong diidng
2.18. Chon (A).
t r o n (O). Gpi E, F la h a i
0 day, neu chiia cau (A) l a i nhif sau t h i cau (A) dung:
tiep diem cua hai tiep
Neu hai dubng tron dd cho cat nhau thi
tuyen ke t\i P den difcing
R - R ' < d < R + R'. (*j
t r o n (O). K h i A va B t r u n g
T u y nhien, phat bieu nguyen vSn cua
nhau t a i E hoSc F t h i M
cau (A) la sai. T h a t vay, ta xet hai dudng tron
cung trvmg E hoSc F. Quy
tarn O va O' vdi ban k i n h tiidng l i n g R va R'
tich diem M la cung t r o n
ma R < R' nhif h i n h ben t h i d i i cho (*) xay ra,
EOF thupc diicJng t r o n (C).
h a i diJdng t r o n van khong cSt nhau (liic nay,
(Hpc s i n h t i i chiing m i n h phan dao lai).
R - R < 0 nen ta c6 (*)).
N h i f vay, ba cau (B), (C), (D) dung, cau (A) sai. 2.23. Chpn (E). Chiing minh:
Theo each dtdig, P N = M N
2.19. Chpn (B). D u n g , t i n h chat: trung tuyen ling mot cqnh bang
va t a m giac Q P N vuong
niia cqnh do thi tarn gidc do vuong vd nhdn cqnh do Idm cqnh huyen,
t a i P (do P N la tiep tuyen
ta chiing m i n h dude hai t a m giac PMQ va QNP vuong t a i M , N . V i cua (O)). De t h ^ y h a i t a m
P M // Q N nen MPQ - NQP , t{f do, A PMQ =. A QNP, suy ra P M = giac vuong Q M N va Q P N
Q N . T\i day, d§ dang suy ra P M Q N la h i n h chu nhat. Do do M , I , N bang nhau (canh huygn
phai thSng hang va M , N doi x i i n g nhau qua I . chung va P N = M N ) . Suy
ra Q p = QM- N6i each
2.20. Chpn (B). V i M nkxa t r o n g dvfpng t r o n (I) nen khoang cacli t u
khac, QM la ban kinh
t a m I den mpi difPng thSng qua M deu phai nho hdn ban k i n h cua
difdng t r o n (Q).
(1). V i vay, t a t ca cac dudng thSng qua M deu phai cSt (I) t a i hai
diem phan biet. 2,"24. Chpn (B). Hiidng dan
2.21. Chpn (E). Gpi I la t r u n g d i l m cua M N , ta c6 goc P I K vuong, Gpi P, Q, R l i n liidt la chan cac diidng vuong goc ha t u K
do do I d i dpng t r e n difdng t r o n difdng k i n h PK. xu6ng BC, CA, A B . Ta c6 K P < K Q < KR, va K Q = k.
 Ket luan: diidng tron da 2.28. Chpn (B). Ta c6 DC = 10 + 10 + 5 = 25, DF = 30, EC = 5. Theo
cho tidp xiic vdi AC, cKt dinh l i Pi-ta-go ta c6
BC tai bai diem va khong DE = N / D C ^ - E D ^ - V 6 2 5 - 2 5 = V600 =10V6.
giao nhau v6i AB. Theo tinh chit ti4p t u y i n ta c6 EC 1 DG va CF 1 GF.
D l thay hai tam giac vuong GDF va CDE c6 mot goc nhpn
chung, nen chung d6ng dang, i\i do ta dvfdc
GD DF DF.CD _ 30.25 _ 75
, suy ra DG =
CD DE DE ~ 10^/6 ~ V6 '
2.25. Chpn (D). Tiif tarn P va Q ve 15V6
Tii do, EG = DG - DE = - 7 = - I0V6 . =
PB va QC vuong goc canh AD cua tarn giac.
Cac tarn giac APE, DQC la nufa tarn giac
dhu vdi PB = QC = 3. Suy ra: Theo tinh chit ti^p tuygn ta c6 GF = GE =
AB = DC = 3V3 va BC = PQ = 6,
2.29. Chpn (B).
do do AD = 6 + 6^3 . A
Ta CO : AMB = 90° .
Vay chu vi tarn giac la : 18 + 18 \/3 . A ABN vuong tai B c6 dUdng cao BM nen :

2.26. Chon (C). Goi r la ban kinh dvfdng tron tam O da cho. A M . A N = AB^ = 4R^.
Dau tien, ta ve doan t h i n g Ap dung bat ding thilc Co-si ta c6 :
0 0 ' sao cho 0 0 ' = PQ va 2 A M + A N > 2V2AM.AN = 4V2.R.
hai tia 0 0 ' , PQ song song Dau bang xay ra
cung chieu. Suy ra r i n g <» 2 A M = A N <=> A ABN vuong can
diem 0 ' c6 dinh (trong <=> M la trung diem cung AB.
trifdng hdp P trung 0 thi Vay khi M la trung diem cvia cung
0 ' trung Q). Khi do, de AB thi 2AM + AN dat gia t r i nho nhat.
thky M M ' r i O O ' (= PQ)vu 2.30. Chpn (B). Vol A khac O, giao di§m M cua ducJng tron (C) voi
M M ' // 0 0 ' (// PQ), nen tii giac M M ' 0 ' 0 la hinh binh hanh, suy ra tia xuM phat t ^ 0 va di qua A la d i l m tren dudng tron gan A nhat.
O'M' = OM (khong doi). Vay d i l m M' nSm tren diTdng tron tarn O' That vay, d i l u nay c6 t h i suy ra dude tix nhan xet: diidng tron tam A,
ban kinh OM = r. . ban kinh A M se t i l p xuc trong hoic ngoai vdi dudng tron (C).
Vi vay, ta chpn cau (B), vi tia x u i t phat tvf 0 va di qua B la
2 . 2 7 . Chon (A). Tam cac dudng tron ngoai t i l p la giao d i l m cac
trung trvTc cac canh tam giac. Do do PQ, QR, RS va SP Ian ludt la tap hop tit ca cac d i l m A sao cho B la diem tren diidng tron gan A
trung trvfc cua BE, CE, DE va AE. Suy ra : PS // QR (cung vuong goc nhat.
AC) va PQ // RS (cung vuong goc vdi BD).
Vay PQRS la hinh binh hanh.

i4-;3
 2.31. A H B bang n h a u . Suy r a A B ' = A B .
Chon (C). Vay diem B' c6 d i n h , diem M n h i n A B ' dudi mot goc vuong.
Cac tarn giac OEF va Quy t i c h cac di§m M la hai dUdng t r o n dudng k i n h A B ' va A B " , v d i
O D A dong dang cho t a B" la d i l m d6i x i i n g eu.a B' qua A.
O D . O F = OE.OA.
2.35. Chon (D). Do t i n h chat ban k i n h diicJng t r o n , t a c6 EO = EC =
:L M a t khac,
R va OF = F D = R. Tarn giac POC can c6 PE la t r u n g t u y d n nen PE
tarn giac O B A vuong tai B nen OE.OA = (OB)- = r ^ vol r la ban k l n h cung la difdng cao. Chung m i n h tifdng t u cho phan con l a i .
dudng t r o n tarn O da cho. Suy r a OD.OF = (hkng s6), do do OF
2.36. Chon (A). Gpi O la t a m difcJng t r o n ngoai tiep. Diidng t r o n
k h o n g doi. Di4u nay chiing t o ' F la d i l m c6 d i n h va ta c6 dieu phai
ngoai tiSp t a m giac vuong A B C c6 dUdng k i n h la BC = 2R. Suy ra :
chiing m i n h .
OA = R> Gpi O' la t a m diicJng t r p n npi tiep, diipng t r p n (O') tiep xuc
2.32. Chon (D). Gpi r la ban k i n h c^n t i m , x la khoang each tvf tarn
vpi BC, CA, A B l a n liidt t a i O, T', T.
den day cung dai n h a t va y la khoang each chung tiif CD ddn A B , EF.
T i i giac ATO'T' la h i n h vupng, suy ra O'A = O'T N/2 = r N/I .
Ap dung d i n h l i Pi-ta-go t r o n g cac tarn giac vuong, ta duoc:
Tijf do, t a CO O A = r + r V2 , va suy ra ket qua.
X^+10^ = T^ (1)
ix + yf + 8' = r' (2) 2.37. Chpn (E). T ^ m giac BSE can t a i S va SEB = EBC (OS // BC).
(x + 2y)' + 4 ' = (3) Suy r a B E la phan giac t r p n g cua ABC.
Trijf(2) v a ( l ) : 2 x y + y 2 - 3 6 = 0. Ti^p tuc, chxing m i n h D B ± BE, suy r a D B la phan giac ngpai
Trxi (3) va ( 2 ) : 2xy + 3 / - 48 = 0.
cua A B C . Tvfdng t\i, CK, C H la cac phan giac cua gpc A C B .
T r i i h a i phifdng t r i n h t r e n , ta diidc : 2y^ - 12 = 0 <=> y = sjo .
T i i giac B D A E cp SA = SB, SE = SD, A B = B E nen suy r a n6
Q 15 „ . / . . ^ 2 5V22
b u y r a X = - 7 = ^ . Cuoi cung : r = N / X ' + I O = . la h i n h chu: nhat. Tifdng t i i , A H C K ciing la h i n h c h i i nhat.
V6 2
2.38. Chpn(D).
2.33. Chon(E).
* C h i i n g m i n h A O N B = A OQD (c - g - c).
1
Ta CO : POQ = - BOG (khong doi). O M = R khong doi. Suyra BON = DOQ,
do do, N , 0 , Q t h a n g hang.
A OPQ CO goc O khong doi va dadng cao O M khong doi. Chiing m i n h
* Tiidng t i i , M , O, P t h i n g hang.
PQ nho nha't k h i OP = OQ, tiic M la diem giiia cung BC .
* C h i i n g m i n h O M = O N = OP = OQ
^AOBC ^ S^pQ + 2Sp()Q (khong doi).
(xet 4 t a m giac bang nhau). Suy r a bdn diem
S^PQ Idn nhat <=> SpQQ nho nhat <=> PQ nho nhat. M , N , P, Q cung n a m t r e n difdng t r o n t a m O,
A H Idn nha't <» S^pg Idn nhat.
ban k i n h O M .
* Diidng t r o n (ABCD) c6 t a m O, ban k i n h OA. Ta c6
2.34. Chon (C). Gia s i i hai dudng t h i n g qua A, M tiidng l i n g vuong
O M A = O B M + B O M = 45" + B O M > 45°.
goe v6i A B va A H giao n h a u t a i B'. D l th^y hai tarn giac A M B ' va

1;(II
 Ta lai c6 OAM = 45", do do, suy ra OA > OM. Nhvf vay, mpi diem ciia
diiong tron (MNPQ) deu nSm ben trong dUdng tron (ABCD).
Nhvf vay, cau (D) sai, cac cau con lai diing.
2.39. Chon (D). OK = OD, tam giac CKD can, suy ra OH = OA. Do
do H nam tren (O). Ma CD 1 OH tai H nen CD ti^p xiic vol (O). Tu
do, AC + BD = CH + DH = CD > AB. Gia t r i nho nhit cua t6ng la
b^ng CD, dihu nay xay ra k h i CD // AB, hay CD // AB, hay AC = AO.
2.40. Chon (C). Ve tiep tuyen chung cua hai difdng tron tai T, cSt
AB, AC tai D va E. Tam giac ADE la tam giac deu ngoai tiep duong
tron nho tai T, P, Q. Do do, suy ra diidc APTQ la hinh thoi. Goi O va
H Ian lifpt la giao diem cua AT voi PQ va BC, ta c6 trung diem O cua
AT chinh la tam dvfdng tron Idn. Suy ra AO : AH = 2 : 3, do do,
PQ : BC = 2 : 3. Suy ra PQ = ^ =8.
2.41. Chon (C). N6i PG va ve N M vuong goc EF tai M. Ta c6 M N //
PG (cung vuong goc AG), diSu nay cho ta
M N : PG = AN : AP =^ M N = = 9.
75
Trong tam giac vuong MNF ta c6
M F = V N F - - M N ^ = V I 5 - - 9 - =12.
Suy ra EF = 2.MF = 24.
GOC Vdl Dl/CiNG TRON
T R A C NGHI^M KI^N T H U C V A T H O N G HIEU
3.1. (1) Ciac goc noi tiep cung chSn mot cung hoSc hai cung bSng
nhau cjaa mot diTc/ng tron t h i b^ng nhau.
(2) Trong mot diTcfng tron, moi goc noi tiep khong qua 90°
c6 so do bang nijta so do cua goc d tam cung chSn mot cung.
(3) Moi goc noi tiep chSn nufa dtro'ng tron deu la goc vuong.
(4) Goc tao bi&i mot tia tiep tuyen va mot day cung di qua
tiep diem c6 so do bfing so do cua cung hi chan.
Trong cac cau tren:
(A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
(C) Chi CO cau (3) dung, (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(E) Chi CO ba cau dung.
3.2. Xac dinh cau sai trong cac cau sau:
(A) Trong hai diidng tron c6 ban kinh khac nhau, hai cung
bang nhau cfing hai day b&ng nhau.
(B) Doi vdi hai cung nho trong cung mot diTo'ng tron hoSc
trong hai duo'ng tron bSng nhau, ta c6: Cung Idn hdn c&ng day Idn
hdn; day 16'n hdn cSng cung 16'n hdn.
(C) Goc noi tiep la gdc c6 dinh nSm tren mot dUofng tron va
hai canh cua no c^t dudng tron do.
(D) Trong mot dufdng tron, so do cua mot goc noi tiep b^ng
niJfa so do cua cung bi chSn.

3.3. Xet cac cau sau:

(1) So do cua cung nho AB bang so do cua goc d tam chan
cung do.
(2) So do (do) cua cung Ion AB bang 360 trCr di so do (do)
cua cung nho AB.

14G 147;
 (3) So do (do) cua nilfa ducfng t r o n bfing so do (do) ciia goc 6' (A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
tarn chSn cung do, tore la bang 180°. » (C) C h i CO cau (3) diing. (D) K h o n g c6 cau nao sai.
(4) Dac biet, neu d i e m dau va diem cuoi ciia m o t cung trCing (E) T i t ca ba cau deu sai.
nhau t h i cung do c6 so do 0°, cung gom ca diicfng t r o n t h i c6 so do
360^ 3.6. Cho h a i diicJng t r o n cung tarn

(A) C h i CO hai cau (1) va (2) dung. O. H a i . diicJng t h i n g d i qua 0 cSt

(B) C h i CO hai cau (1) va (3) diing. difo'ng t r o n t a i cac diem M , N , P, Q, R,

(C) C h i CO hai cau (1) va (4) dung. S, T, U nhvr h i n h ve.
(D) K h o n g CO cau nao sai. (1) Cung RM dai hdn cung
(E) C h i CO h a i cau (4) va (3) dving. N S . Do do chiing khong the c6 so do
bang rihau.
3.4. Cho h i n h sau:
(2) Cac cung nho NS, PT, RM, UQ dSu c6 s6 do bkng n h a u .
(3) Vol cac d i i k i e n da cho, chvfa the so sanh difdc so do cua
h a i cung nho NS va RQ.
T r o n g cac cau t r e n :
(A) K h o n g CO cau nao sai.
(B) C h i CO h a i cau (2) va (3) la h a i cau diing.

K (C) Chi CO cau (3) diing.

(D) C h i CO cau (1) diing. T
(1) Cung nho A m B nSm ben t r o n g goc A O B , duac'goi l a
(E) T a t ca ba cau deu sai.
cung h i chdn.
(2) Goc bet COD k h o n g p h a i goc n o i t i e p . 3.7. 0 h i n h ben:
(3) Goc C K H , goc H O D la cdc goc noi t i e p . N§u goc A B O = 25° t h i f A B bang
T r o n g cac cau t r e n : (A) 130° (B) 60°
(A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung. (C) 70° (D) 42°
(C) C h i CO cau (3) dung. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai. (E) Tat ca cac k d t qua t r e n deu sai.
(E) T a t ca ba cau deu sai.
3.8. Xet cac cau sau day:
3.5. X e t cac cau sau: (1) Goc CO d i n h 6 ben t r o n g dir&ng t r o n c6 so do bang m o t
(1) T r o n g hai duofng t r o n , h a i cung diTofc goi la bdng nhau
nijfa t o n g so do hai cung b i chan giufa hai canh cua goc va cac tia
neu chung c6 cCing so do.
doi ciia h a i canh ay.
(2) T r o n g hai di/o'ng t r o n , xet hai cung bat k i , cung nao c6
(2) Goc CO d i n h or ben ngoai diibng t r o n co so do bang hieu
so do lorn hcfn t h i diTo'c goi Ikiuing Ian han.
cua so do hai cung b i ch^n giOra hai canh ciia goc do.
(3) Neu C la m o t d i e m n a m t r e n cung A B ciia m o t duong
(3) Goc CO d i n h d ben ngoai dtrong t r o n t h i c6 so do nho
t r o n t h i ta c6: s d A B = s d A C + s d C B .
hon so do goc c6 d i n h d ben t r o n g k h i xet cung di/cfng t r o n do.
T r o n g cac cau t r e n :
T r o n g cac cau tren:
 (A) C h i CO cau (1) va cau (2) dung. (C) C h i CO 3 cau diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(B) C h i CO mot cau diing. (E) T M ca b6n cau deu sai.
(C) C h i CO cau (3) va cau (2) dung.
3.12, T r e n mot difong t r o n cho h a i diem A, B c6 d i n h va mot diem C
(D) C h i CO cau (1) va cau (3) dung.
(E) T a t ca ba cau d^u sai. d i dong. Goi M la t a m diidng t r o n noi tiep t a m giac A B C .
(A) Quy tich cac diem M la mot dUdng tron.
3.9. Cho t a m giac A B C noi ti6p trong diicJng t r o n t a m O. Phan giac
(B) Quy tich cac diem M la mot diidng t h i n g .
t r o n g cua goc A cit diicing t r o n (O) d M . Tidp tuy^n ke t\i M v6i
(C) Quy tich cac d i l m M la h a i cung t r o n n h i n doan AC dudi
difdng t r o n ( 0 ) c4t cac t i a A B va AC ikn lifdt 6" D va E.
i6t goc khong doi.
Xet h a i cau sau: (D) Quy tich cac diem M la h a i cung tron n h i n doan BC dudi
(1) N ^ u A C = C E t h i A B = B D . ' mot goc khong doi.
(2) T a c 6 B C / / D E . (E) T a t ca cac cau t r e n deu sai.
Tijf do, hay xac d i n h cau nao sai trong cac cavbsau day:
.13. Xet cac cau sau:
(A) C a u ( l ) d u n g .
(1) N e u CO mot ducJng t r o n d i qua tat ca cac d i n h cua mot da
(B) Cau (2) dung.
"ac, ta noi dudng t r o n nay la dudng tron ngoai tiep da giac do. K h i
(C) Khong the c6 trifcJng hdp ca h a i cau (1) va (2) cung dung.
6, da giac do cung dvfdc goi la noi tiip duong tron.
(D) Cau (1) chi l a mot he qua cua cau (2).
(E) T a t ca h a i cau do deu sai. (2) N e u CO mot dudng t r o n tiep xuc vdi t a t ca cac canh ciia mot

3.10. Quy t i c h cac d i e m M tao t h a n h vcJi h a i m u t ciia doan t h a n ^ da giac, ta noi diidng tron nay la dudng tron noi tiep da giac do. K h i
A B cho trtrdrc m o t goc A M B c6 so do k h o n g doi la do, da giac do cung dvfdc goi la ngocii tiip dudng tron.
(A) mot difdng t r o n (B) niia diidng t r o n m (3) B a t k i da giac deu nao cung /;6 m o t dUo'ng t r o n ngoai
tiep va mot'diio'ng t r o n n o i tiep. ,
(C) mot cung t r o n
(4) N4U mot da giac vxia c6 diidng tron ngoai tiep, vua c6
(D) h a i cung t r o n doi xufng nhau qua A B
diidng t r o n noi tiep t h i t a m cua dvfdng tron ngoai tiep va duong tron
(E) mot difdng t h i n g .
noi tiep do phai t r i i i ) g nhau.
3.11. Xet cac cau sau day: Trong cac cau tren:
(1) N e u qua bon d i n h cua m o t tijf giac c6 m o t dudng t r o n t h i
(A) C h i CO cau (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
tur giac do di/dc goi la tii giac noi tiep duong tron.
(C) C h i CO cau (3) dung. (D) Chi c6 3 cau diing.
(2) T r o n g m o t tuf giac n o i t i e p , t o n g so do h a i goc doi dien
nhau b^ng m o t goc vuong. (E) T a t ca bon cau deu diing.
(3) N e u m o t tuf giac c6 tong so do h a i goc doi dien nhau 3.14. Cho t a m giac deu ABC noi ti4p trong dilcJng t r o n t a m O; M la
b^ng 1 goc vuong t h i tuf gidc do n o i tiep difdc m o t dirofng t r o n . mot dihm tren cung nho AC ( M khac A va C). So do goc A M B la
(4) N I U h a i d i l m P, Q cung n h i n doan t h i n g M N dudi cung. (A) 45° (B) 60° (C) 65° (D) 75° (E) 90°.
mot goc t h i t i i giac M P Q N noi ti§p.
.15. Xet cac cau sau:
Trong cac cau tren:
(1) Chu v i di/o'ngtron: C = 2;T d, vdi d la dvfdng k i n h , TI la so
(A) C h i CO 1 cau dung. (B) C h i c6 2 cau dung.
v6 ti CO gia t r i gkn diing la 3, 14 hay — . (A) Chi CO cau (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
(C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(2) Do dai cung tron c6 so do n°: / = . (E) Co i t nh^t mot cau sai.
180
(3) Dien tich hinh tron: S = 2 TTR^ . j^.l9. Hai difcJng tron ti4p xiic nhau
ihif hinh ve, diidng tron 16n c6 ban
(4) Dien tich hinh quat tron ufng vd-i cung Squat = ^ ^R, kinh bang 12 va difcing tron nho c6
diicJng kinh bang 12. Dien tich p h i n
vd'i I la do dai cung tron n°.
con lai cua diidng tron Idn sau khi bi
Trong cac cau tren:
chi6m bcJi dilcJng tron nho la bang
(A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
(A) 36 ;r (B) 24 ;r
(C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(C) 18;r (D) 9;r (E)3;r.
(E) Co i t n h i t 2 cau sai.
3.20. Cho tam giac ABC noi t i l p trong difcJng tron tam O. Gpi E va
3.16. Cho AABC vuong tai A c6 dirofng cao A H . Goi d , O2, O3 Ian
Itfcft la tarn cua cac diidng tron c6 difofng kinh BC, BH, HC. D lan lifdt la giao di§m cac tia phan giac trong va ngoai cua hai goc B
(1) Cac dirofng tron ( d ) , (O2) tiep xuc nhau. va C. Difdng thang ED cat cung nho BC b M . Khi do:
(2) Cac dudrng tron ( d ) , (O3) tiep xuc nhau. (A) T i i giac BECD noi tidp diidc trong diidng tron.
(3) Cac duorng tron ( d ) , (O2), (O3) doi mot tiep xiic nhau. (B) T i i giac BECD khong noi ti§p difdc trong ducjng tron.
Trong cac cau tren: (C) T i i giac BECM noi tidp difdc trong diidng tron.
(A) Chi CO hai cau (1) va (2) diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing.
(D) T i i giac BECM khong noi ti§p difdc trong diicSng tron.
(C) Chi CO cau (1) diing. (D) PChong c6 cau nao sai.
(E) T i i giac BECA noi ti^p dUdc trong diiong tron.
(E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai.
3.21. Cho tam giac ABC noi ti§p diidng tron tam 0 (AB < AC). Hai
3.17. Cho diTofng tron tam O. A, B, C la ba diem nkm tren duo'ng
tron. Goi H la triTc tam cua A ABC. A H cat (0) tai E, ke diTcyng difcJng cao BE va CF cat nhau tai H . Tia AO cat dudng tron tai D.
kinh AOF. Neu so do goc CAP bang a thi so do goc BCE se la Xac dinh cau sai trong cac cau sau:
(A) T i i giac BHCD la hinh hinh hanh.
(A) a (B) ^ « (C) a + 30° (D) a - 10° (E) a + 60°.
(B) Tii giac BFEC noi tigp diidc diiong tron.
3.18. Cho tam giac ABC vuong tai A va mot diem D nam tren (C) FEC = FBC.
canh AB (D khong trung vdfi A va B). Du-o'ng tron duclng kinh BD (D) Tii giac BHCD khong noi tiep diidc ducJng tron.
cat BC tai E. Cac dtfo-ng thang CD, AE Ian luot cat duo-ng tron tai (E) Trong cac cau tren, c6 khong qua 3 cau diing.
cac diem thuf hai la F va G. 3.22. Cho t i i giac ABCD noi ti^p trong dudng tron. Keo dai AB ve
(1) Tam giac ABC dong dang vdi tam giac EBD.
phia B mot doan BE. Bik goc BAD = 92° va goc ADC = 68°.
(2) Tuif giac ADEC noi tiep dUdc.
S6 do goc EBC la
(3) Tijf giac AFBC khong npi tiep diToc.
(A) 66° (B) 68° (C) 70°
Trong cac cau tren:
(D) 88° (E) 92°.
 T R A C NGHieMrKl N A N G T I N H TOAN
3.23. Gia s i i b6n l 4 n nghich dao ciia chu v i mot diicing t r o n bang B
VA KHA NANG SUY LUAN CAO
diidng k i n h cua diicJng t r o n do. Dien t i c h h i n h tron se la-
1 ._. 1
(A) (B) - (C) 1
n n 1,27. Cho mot doan t h i n g A B va m o t diem M bat k i t r e n doan
(D) n (E) 71^ l i n g ay. TCr M ve t i a M x vuong goc vo'i A B . T r e n M x lay h a i
i e m C va D sao cho M C = M A va M D = M B . Duofng t r o n t a m d
3.24. 6 h i n h ben, b i l t r k n g
ja ba diem A, M , C va diio'ng t r o n t a m O2 qua ba diem B, M , D
A B C D la h i n h vuong, va h i n h
i t nhau t a i mot diem thuT hai N (khac M ) . So do goc M N D la
t r o n ben ngoai t h i c6 ban k i n h
(A) 60° (B)"^0° (C) 135° (D) 120° (E) 90°.
bSng 5cm.
Dien tich phan bi to den ^3.28. Cho t a m giac d§u ABC va M la dilm thuoc cung BC (khong
(cm^) la fihiia A) cna difOng tron ngoai tiep t a m giac.
(A) 50 (B) 28,5 N ^ u cho M B = 60 cm va M C = 90 cm t h i M A se bSng
. (C) 32,5 (A) 150 cm (B) 210 cm (C) 30 cm
(D) 43 (E)38,5. (D) 75 cm (E)64cm.

B 3.29. Cho h a i dufo-ng t r o n ( 0 , R) va (O', R) c i t nhau t a i hai diem

3.25. Cho hinh ben,
%k, B va t a m diidng t r o n nay n k m t r e n diTdng t r o n k i a .
A B C D la h i n h vuong canh
So do cung AO'B cua dtfong t r o n (O) la
6cm, hai niia h i n h tron
(A) 60° (B) 120° (C) 45° (D) 75° (E) 150°.
Tduong k i n h A D va BC.
Dien tich phan dude to TO.30. Cho t a m giac ABC noi tiSp difdng tron (O). Ve h i n h b i n h h a n h
den (cm^) la A C B D . Gpi H ' la trvfc t a m cua t a m giac A B D .
(A) 7,14 (B) 8,74 If ( D H ' n k m tren difdng t r o n t a m O.
(C) 7,74 (D) 5,34 (2) C H ' la dvfdng k i n h cua difcJng t r o n (0).
(E) 9,32. (3) T i i giac A C B H ' noi tigp dvfdng tron.
Trong cac cau tren:
3.26. Trong h i n h ben, C la tarn (A) Ca 3 cau dgu dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (1) dung.
diJcJng tron va F la d i l m nSm (C) Chi CO cau (2) dung. (D) Chi c6 cau (3) dung.
t r e n diiong t r o n sao cho B C D F la (E) Chi CO hai cau (1) va (3) dung.
h i n h chii nhat c6 canh 2cm va 31. Cho hai dudng t r o n t a m O va O' cSt nhau t a i A va B. M o t
3cm. Dien t i c h phan difdc to dam
;udng t h a n g qua A l a i cat hai diidng t r o n nay 6" C va D .
la:
Xet cac cau sau:
13;r-24 in-:->
(A) cm^ (B) • cm (1) K h i CD xoay quanh di§m A t h i cac goc cua t a m giac BCD
5
n-1 on khong doi.
(C) • cm (D) -cm (E) cm". (2) Goc CBD va goc OBO' bSng nhau.

155
154
 (3) Trong trvfcing hdp hai diidng tron da cho bSng nhau, ta c6 3.35. Cho ba diem M , N , P theo thuf t i i do cung nSm tren mot dudng
tam giac BCD can tai B. th&ng. Mot dvldng tron tam O thay doi luon di qua hai dihm M , N. Tii
Trong cac cau tren: P ke hai diXcfng ti^p tuy^n PT, PT vdi diidng tron (O).
(A) Ca ba cau cung diing. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing. (1) Khi diicJng tron (O) thay doi nhvfng van di qua M , N thi T
(C) Chi CO cau (3) dung. (D) Chi c6 hai cau (1) va (3) dung. thupc mot diftsng tron c6 dinh, con T' thi thupc mot dudng thSng c6
(E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai. dinh.
(2) T va T' nam tren cung mpt difpng tron tam P.
3.32. Hai dvfdng tron a hinh ben dong
(3) T va T' nam tren cung mpt diidng tron c6 dinh, tam O.
tam O, -day AB cua diidng tron Idn t i l p
xiic v6i dvfcJng tron nho. Dien tich hinh Trong cac cau tren:
vanh khan (phAn difdc to dam) la 12,5 n:. (A) Chi CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) dung.
Do dai AB la: (C) Chi CO cau (3) diing. (D) Khong c6 cau nao sai.
(E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai.
(A) (B) 5^/J
J3.36. Hinh vuong ABCD ben canh c6 b6n dinh
_4_ a cac tam cua 4 hinh tron bang nhau, moi hinh
(C) (D)
V5 Iron CO ban kinh bang 3cm. Dien tich cua phan
den tren hinh ve nam trong khoang t i i bao
3.33. Cho niia difcJng tron tam O, dvidng kinh AB. Mot d i l m M nkm
nhieu cm^ ddn bao nhieu cm^ ? Hay chpn khoang
tren niia diidng tron nay. Tren nufa mSt phSng vdi bd la diidng thSng
:in dung nhat trong cac khoang sau:
B M khong chiia diem O, ta difng hinh vuong BMNP. Gpi At la ti6p
|(A) TH 6 d^n 7cml (B) Tii 6,5 d i n 7cm-.
tuyen tai A vdi nua diidng tron. Tren At, My sao cho ANj = AB.
1(C) Tvf 7 d§n 8cml (D) Tu 7,90 d4n 7,93cnr. (E) Tii 11 ddn 12cm^
S6 do goc N i N B la
(A) 80° (B) 75° (C) 60° (D) 100° (E) Mot kk qua khac. 3.37. Cho mpt hinh tron tam O. Hai dudng

3.34. TInh ban kinh dudng tron ngoai tiep va noi iiip mot da giac kinh AB va CD vuong goc vdi nhau. Noi
deu n canh, biet dp dai moi canh hkng a. AC, CB, BD va DA (xem hinh ben). N§u
dien tich hinh tron la S, hay tinh dien
(A)R = r = (B) R = 2r; r =
n.tg36' tich phan dude to den.
180'
2 sin
;r-2 n-1
(A) X S (B) -2 XxS
S (C) X S
(C)R = r = (D) R = r = n 27t
180' 180' 360'
2 sin 2tg 2tg (E) Mpt k i t qua khac.
(D) - X S
n
n".a
(E)R = ;r = 3.38. Cho diXcJng tron tam O va dilm A ngoai dvfcJng tron do. Ve cac
180' 36 0 •
2tg tg' tilp tuyin AB, AC va cat tuyin ADE tdi difong tron (B va C la tiep
I dilm). Gpi H la trung dilm cua DE.

1 K «
 3.42. Cho dvfdng tron tam O difdng kinh AB. C la mot d i l m nkm
(1) B6n d i e m B, E, O, A c u n g thupc mot dudng tron.
giiJa hai d i l m O va A. DvfcJng thang ke qua C vuohg goc vdi AB cat
(2) Nam d i e m A, B, H , O, C c u n g thuoc mot diidng tron.
difcing tron (O) d P va Q. Tiep tuyen ciia diibng tron (O) tai d i l m D
(3) HA l a tia p h a n giac goc BHC.
tren cung nho BP cat dildng thang PQ 6 E ; AD cat PQ 6 F.
Trong cac c a u tren:
(1) T i i giac BCFD noi t i l p dvfdc ducJng tron.
(A) Chi CO c a u (1) diing. (B) Chi c6 c a u (2) diing.
(2) ED = EF va ED = EA.
(C) Chi CO c a u (3) dving. (D) Kliong c6 c a u nao sai.
(3) ED^ = EP . EQ.
(E) Co i t nhit mot c a u sai.
Trong cac cau tren:
3.39. Gia suT C l a tarn dUcJng tron Idn, dien tich h i n h t r o n nho Cl
(A) Chi CO cau (1) va cau (2) diing.
, h i n h ben la Tt. N^u hai
(B) Chi CO cau (1) va cau (3) diing. -
giao d i e m P, Q ciia hai <C) Chi CO cau (2) va cau (3) diing.
dtlcfng t r o n n h i l h i n h ben (D)-i^6ng CO cau nao sai. (E) Tat ca ba cau deu sai.
trd t h a n h dilcJng k i n h ciia
dilcJng t r o n nho thi dien 3.43. Trong hinh ben, do
tich phan dUdc to d a m se dai cua niia diidng tron
la: 16n so vdi tong cac dp dai
ciia 4 nijfa difcJng tron nho
(A) 1 (B)
2 ' thi gap bao nhieu Ian ?
1
(C) - ; r (D) -;r (E) - ; r . (A) 2ian (B) 3l4n (C) llkn (D) 5 lAn (E) - Ian.
6 5
3.44. Cho niia dudng
3.40. Cho niia dvfcJng tron tam O dildhg kinh BC = 2i? va mot dilm
A tren niia difdng tron iy sao cho AB = /?. M la mot d i l m tren cung tron tam O, diJdng kinh
nho AC, B M cat AC tai I . Tia AB cat tia CM tai D. S6 do goc A D I la AB. Mot d i l m M di dpng
(A) 45° (B) 60° (C) 65° (D) 75° tren niia dudng tron nay.
(E) Mot kk qua khac. Tren nijfa mat phang vdi
3.41. Cho tam giac ABC c6 CA = CB. bd la difpng thang BM
Gpi P la diem nam tren diicJng khpng chiia diem O, ta
tron ngoai tiep tam giac, giiia A diing hinh vuong BMNP.
va B (6 ve phia d6i dien vdi C so Tim quy tich diem N .
vdi dildng thang AB). Goi D la (A) Quy tich cac diem N la
chan dUdng vuong goc ha tut C cung BNi, chiia goc 45'^ va
xuong PB. N^u cho PA = 5 cm, dung tren doan t h i n g AB.
PB = 8 cm t h i PD se bang. (B) Quy tich cac d i l m N la cung chufa goc 45° va diing tren
(A) 2,5cm (B) 3,5cm doan thang BP.
(C) 7cm (D) 6,5cm (E) 8cm.
159
 (C) Quy t i c h cac diem N la mot dudng tron.
(D) Quy t i c h cac di4m N la h a i cung chiia goc 45° diXng t r e n
dean t h i n g A B . 3.48. TCr mot diem A a ngoai dtro-ng t r o n (O) ke h a i t i e p tuyen
(E) Tat ca cac cau t r e n deu sai. A B , AC v o l dtfo-ng t r o n (B, C la cac tiep diem); CD la difofng k i n h
3.45. 0 h i n h ben, dien t i c h m6i cua (O). T r u n g trUc cua CD cSt BD t a i E.

h i n h t r o n bSng —, khoang each (1) OA vuong goc voi BC t a i H va = .

4 AB" AM
h a i t a m P va Q bSng V3 . K h i do, (2) E A = OC.
dien tich phan con l a i cua A B C D (3) N a m diem A, E, B, O, C cung n k m t r e n m o t diTdng t r o n .

sau k h i bi cac h i n h t r o n chi§m Trong cac cau ti'en:

cho la bao nhieu? (^) Co i t n h a t mot cau dung. (B) C h i c6 cau (1) dung.
(C) C h i CO cau (2) dung. (D) Chi c6 cau (3) diing.
(A) 3(V3+l-5)
(E) T a t c a b a cau deu s a i .
1
(B) TT (C) 3 3.49. T r e n duong t r o n t h i i n h M c6 mot cung 60°, t r e n dudng t r o n
2 9
t h u hai CO mot cung 45°, hai cung nay c6 dp dai bang nhau. T i so dien
(D) 3f^/3+;^-^ (E) M o t kk qua khac. tich cua h i n h tron t h i i n h a t va h i n h tron t h i i hai l a :
9
(A, l (B, - (E) Mot ket qua khac.
3.46. Cho t a m giac can A B C (AB = AC). Cac canh A B , BC, CA 7

t i e p xuc v o i dUong t r o n (O) t a i cdc diem tuong ufng D, E, F. B F cat 3.50. Cho h a i diiOng t r o n bang nhau (O; R) va (O'; R) cat nhau t a i
dtfong t r o n ( 0 ) t a i diem thuf h a i I . T i a D I cat BC t a i M . h a i di^m A va B sao cho A B = i?. Ke cac dudng k i n h AOC va AO'D.
(1) T a m giac D E F c6 ba goc n h o n .
Tren cung nho BC U\ diem M ( M khac B va C). Gpi giao diem t h i i
(2) T a m giac D E F c6 m o t goc t u .
hai cua t i a M B vdi O la P, giao diem cua cac t i a M P va AQ la K.
(3) Tur giac B D F C noi tiep. AK
T r o n g cac cau t r e n : T i s6 — bang:
AQ
(A) C h i CO cau (1) dung. (B) Chi c6 cau (2) diing.
(C) C h i CO cau (3) diing. (D) Chi c6 hai cau (1) va (3) duilg. (A) (B) 1 .c, 1 (D) ^
2 3
(E) T M ca ba cau d4u sai.
(E) Mot k ^ t qua khac.
3.47. M o t mieng bia h i n h t r o n h i cit
bo n h i i h i n h ben. Biet goc b t a m cua 3.51. d h i n h ben, O la t a m dudng tron

phan h i cat bo la 60° va ban k i n h duong va A D , CB la dudng k i n h . CB keo dai

cat tifip tuy^n t a i D 6 E. Dat Z COD = x
t r o n bang 1. Chu v i phan con l a i la:
( t i n h bang radian). Voi dieu kien nao
(A) (B) - ; r + 2 (C) ;r + l t h i dien tich h i n h quat AOB bang dien
^/5
t i c h t a m giac cong-ECD? (Tam giac li

1(30
cong ECD la mikn gioi han b6i hai canh EC, E D va cung CD). 3.56 Cho tur giac A B C D noi tiep dudng t r o n (O) dudng k i n h B D .
4 Cac diio'ng cheo AC va BD cSt nhau t a i E.
(A) 2x = tgx (B) X - sinx (C) - ^ x = sinx Biet r a n g A B = BC = 7,5cm va ABC = 2ADC .
V5 T i n h dp dai diTcfng k i n h BD.
(D) - x = cosx ( E ) - x = sinx. (A) 11cm (B) 12cm (C) 14cm (D) 15cm (E) 26cm.
5 5
3.52. Mot h i n h quat tron POQ c6 goc 6 tam la a, nam trong h i n h 3.57. Chu v i cua mot mia h i n h tron, t i n h bang cm, xet ve so ludng,
t r o n t a m O, ban k i n h 6. Ban k i n h duong tron ngoai tidp h i n h quat t h i bang dien tich cua niia h i n h tron do, t i n h bang c m l Vay b a n k i n h
(tutc la ban k i n h dUdng tron ngoai tiep t a m giac POQ) la: h i n h t r o n t i n h bang cm la:
(A>3cosa (B) — ^ (C)3cos-a (A) 71 (B) - (C) 1
cos or 2
(D)—^— (E)3. 1 4
'(D)- (E)-+2.
cos a 2 7t
2
3.58. Mot dam c6 h i n h tron c6 dudng k i n h 12m hi cat t h a n h mot loi
3.53. Cho t a m giac deu ABC. Gpi T la diem di dpng tren doan A B . di thang, chi4u rpng 3m, d§ lat soi. Mot canh cua loi di nay la dudng
M o t duPng tron c6 ban k i n h bang duong cao tam giac ABC ti^p xuc k i n h ciia d a m c6. Dien tich phan c6 con l a i la:
A B t a i T (nhu vay, dudng i r o n nay cung di dpng theo T) va cftt hai (A) 10;r-3V3 m ' (B) 20;^-5^/3 m-
canh CA, CB t a i cac diem tudng ung M , N. K l i i do, so do cua c'ung (C) 30;r-9V3m2 (D) 3 6 ; r - V 3 m^ (E) 28;r - 2V3 ml
t r o n M T N se thay doi t u bao nhieu dp den bao nhieu dp ?
3.59. Mot dvfPng ham hoa xa c6 chieu cao cho Idn
(A) 20°d4n 30° (B) 10°d^n 15° (C) 40°d^n 60°
nhat la 5 (ddn vi), ham rpng 10V3. Phia ngoai ^
(D) 60°d§n90° (E) Mot k^t luan khac.
ham CO dPPng bien (mat cat vuong goc) la mot
3.54. Cho mot diidng tron, va E la di4m n k m ben ngoai dudng tron phan dildng t r o n n h i i h i n h ben.
do. T u E, ve hai cat tuy^n E A B v a EDC, tuc la, hai cat tuy^n nay cfti T i n h 4ien tich mat cat vuong goc ciia dudng ham do.
difdng tron l4n liidt t a i A, B va D, C. Gia su goc A E D = 40" va cac
.(A) ^ - 2V3 (ddn v i dien tich)
cung A B , BC, CD c6 cung dp dai. T i m s6 do goc ACD.
(A) 12° (B) 15° (C) 21°
(B) 1 ^ - 25V3 (ddn v i dien tich)
(D)22,5° , (E)25°. 3

3.55. Cho hai diidng tron t a m O va 0', c6 ban k i n h Ian ludt la li va (C) (ddn v i dien tich)
/•, voi i? > r, tiep xuc ngoai nhau. Gia s u t u mot d i l m P ben ngoai ca 70^
h a i duong tron, ta ve dupe hai tiep tuy^n chung PAB v a P M N ddn
(D) ^ - 2V3 (ddn vi dien tich)
9
h a i dudng tron; vdi A, M nSm tren dpdng tron nho v a B, N nSm tren (E) Mot k i t qua khac.
difo'ng tron Idn. Cho biet PA = A B = 4. Dien tich h i n h tron nho la:

(A) n (B) In (C) "in (D) - / r (E) - ; r .

5 5

1(38
 Q h Hl/ONG
DAP AN VA DAN
3.12. Chon(E).
- E - J BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM HINH H O C - CHl/ONG 3
Phdn thucin: Ta c6 AB c6 dinh, C

3.1. Chpn (E). Chi c6 ba cau diing, v i cau (1) sai: Goc tao bo'i m o t di dpng, nhiing ACB = ^ sd A B ,
t i a t i e p t u y e n va m o t day cung d i qua t i e p diem c6 so do bSng nua nen A C B = a khongdoi, 6 day,
so do ciia cung b i chSn.
a- - sd A B .
3.2. Chon(A). 2

3.3. Chon (D). M a t khac, M la giao diem ba dudng phan

3.4. Chon (A). giac ciia tam giac ABC nen

3.5. Chpn (C). C h i i y, (1) va (2) chi dung neu xet trong cvmg mot M A B + IvmX = ^ (Cl\ + C B A ) .
diiong t r o n hoSc trong hai duPng t r o n hkng nhau. ,
Suy ra A M B = 180" - ( M A B + M B A ) - 1 8 0 " - ^ (CAB + C B A ) , do do
3.6. Chpn (B). Ta c6 NOS = MOR nen suy ra NS = M R . T u o n g .
.0 . a
t u , t a cung CO PT = UQ . AMB = 180"--(180''-a) = 9 0 " + - .
2 2
M a t khac, h a i goc NOS va TOP bang nhau do chiing doi dinh.
Vay goc A M B khong doi (bang //), suy r a M nam tren h a i
Suyra FT = . Do vay ta c6 NS = 1 ^ = RK^l - UQ.
cung t r o n n h i n doan A B diidigoc P khong doi.
3.7. Chon (E). TAB = - sd A B = - A O B = 65°. Phdn thuqn: Gia sii M la diem bat k i nam t r e n h a i cung t r o n
2 2
noi t r e n . K h i do, t a dung h a i t i a Ax, By sao cho A M , B M lAn. lupt la
3.8. Chon(B).
phan giac cri-: goc BAx, ABy. H a i t i a Ax, By cat n h a u t a i C. Theo
3.9. Chpn(Cj.
each ve h a i t i a do, ro r a n g M la giao diem hai dudng phan giac eua
* V i A M la phan giac goc BAC
t a m giac ABC, nen M la t a m dudng t r o n noi tiep t a m gitic A B C '
nen suy ra s d B M = sd M C .
M a t khac, ta c6
Goc noi tiep B C M c h i n cung B M
A C B = 180" - (CAB + C I M ) = 1 8 0 ' ' - 2( N4AB +
va goc CME la goc tao bdi mot t i a
9 0 " - - ) = a = - sdAB.
tiep tuyen va day cung qua tiep = 180" - 2(180" - AJVTB) = 180" - 2(180 7 7
diem M, chan cung MC. Suy ra
Vay moi diem M thupc hai cung chua goc ft dung t r e n doan
hai goc nay bSng nhau. Vay D E //
AB deu thoa m a n cac dieu k i e n de bai.
BC.
Kk lugn: Quy tich cac diem M la hai cung chiia goc /J dung
* Do BC // DE nen
D M E n6u AC = CE t h i tren doan A B , vdi = 90" + - sd A B .
4
A B = BD.
3.13. Chpn (D). Cau (4) sai. Cac ban c6 the ve ra mot t a m giac can
3.10. Chon (D).
ma l a m dudng tron noi tiep va t a m dudng tron ngoai tiep khong
3.11. Chpn (B). C h i c6 h a i cau (1) va (4) dung.
t r u i i g nhau.
l(i4
3.14. Chon (B). T i i giac A M C B noi ti§p dvfdng tron (O) nen T i i giac BFEC noi t i ^ p difcJng t r o n v i c6 hai d i n h F va E cung
A M C + ABC = 180°, n h i n BC dii6i mot goc bSng 90°.

ma ABC = 60° nen A M C = 120°, tii do A M D = 60°. 3.22. Chon (B). Goc EBC = goc ADC (cung phu vdi goc ABC). C h i i y
Ta l a i c6 A M B = ACB = 60°. Vay A M B = A M D = 60°. la gia thik goc B A D = 92° khong c4n.

3.15. Chon(E). H a i c a u ( l ) v a ( 3 ) s a i . 3.23. Chon (C). Gpi r la ban k i n h dudng t r o n , chu v i dudng t r o n la
4
3.16. Chon (D). D l t h a y cac di^dng t r o n : 27tr. Ta c6 phiiong t r i n h : = 2r <=> nr^ = 1.
(Oi) tiep xuc vdri ( O 2 ) t a i B, Inr
Dien t i c h h i n h t r o n la Ttr^ = 1.
( 0 1 ) tiep xuc vdfi ( O 3 ) t a i C,
( 0 2 ) tiep xuc v d i (O3) t a i H . 3.24. Chon (B). Die'n tich h i n h vuong A B C D la:
s = dien tich AOB x 4
3.17. Chon (A). Ta c6: A E 1 BC; AEF = 90°, suy ra A E 1 EF.
= (5 X 5 ) : 2 X 4 = 50 (cm^).
Vay BC // E F . Ta l a i c6:
Dien tich h i n h tron la:
CAF = — so do cung CF;
S = (5 X 5) X 3,14
= 25 X 3,14 = 78,5 (cm^).
BCE = — so do cung BE.
Dien tich ph4n dude to den la:
M a BE = C F (do E F // BC), tCr do suy ra CAP = BCE = a. S - s = 78,5 - 50 = 28,5 ( c n / ) .
3.18. Chon(E).
3.25. Chon (C). SABCD = 6 X 6 = 36 (cm^).
* A E B D dong dang AABC (vi la hai tarn giac vuong c6
T6ng dien tich hai niia h i n h t r o n bang dien tich h i n h tron ban
chung goc nhon).
k i n h 3cm, do la: Si + S2 = 3 x 3 x 3,14 = 28,26 (cm^).
* Tuf giac A D E C noi tiep diJo'c (vi c6 hai goc doi dien A =
Dien tich phan dupe to den la:
E = 90°). Ta CO BFD = 90° (goc noi tiep chfin nufa diTdng t r o n ) va
S = SABCD - ( S , + S^} = 36 - 28,26 = 7,74 (cm').
BFC = 90°. Ta cQng c6 BAC = 90°. Vay A va F cung n h i n BC di^oi
m o t goc vuong nen tii: giac A F B C noi tiep t r o n g dtrdng t r o n dLfo'ng
3.26. Chon (A). c m l Huang ddn:
k i n h BC.
Dung D i n h l i Pythagore t i n h ban k i n h dudng t r o n .
3.19. Chon (A). Ban k i n h h i n h tron 16n bSng 2 l ^ n ban k i n h h i n h
tron nho nen dien tich h i n h t r o n Ion bSng 4 Ian dien tich h i n h tron 3.27. Chon(C).
nho, do do dien tich phan con l a i la 3 Ian dien tich h i n h tron nho, hay Ta CO A B M D vuong can t a i M nen MBD = 45°. T i i giac
bang 36 ; r . B M N D noi tiep t r o n g (O2) v i c6 4_dinh n a m t r e n (O2), suy ra
MND + M B D = 180°,
3.20. Chon (A). T i i giac BECD noi t i ^ p diiong t r o n v i c6
tu' do
EBD + ECD = 90° + 90° = 180°.
MND = 180° - M B D = 180° - 45° = 135°.
3.21. Chon (C). T i i giac B H C D la h i n h binh hanh v i c6 B H // CD
(cung vuyng goc v6i AC) va C H // BD (cung vuong goc voi AB).
167
3.28. Chon (A). Gpi N la diem nfim t r e n doan t h a n g M A s a o cho * Theo t i n h chat goc
M N = MB. (1) noi t i ^ p t a c6
Do B M N = BCA = 60° nen B M N ACB = - A O B (khong d6i),
2
la tarn giac deu, suy ra
BN = BM. (2) A D B - - ACTB (khong d6i).
2
Tarn giac ABC deu nen B A = BC.
N h u vay, t a m giac CDB c6
Ta l a i CO A B C = M B N = 60° nen
h a i goc d i n h C va D khong
de dang suy r a
ddi cho d u dudng t h a n g CD
A B N = M B C = M B A - 6 0 " . (3) quay quanh A. Suy r a r a n g
T i i ( l ) , (2), ( 3 ) t a dude: goc con l a i cua t a m giac nay cung khpng doi.
A A B N = A C B M (c.g.c), do do Theo t i n h chat doan thang noi hai t a m , ta c6 0 0 ' la phan giac
N A = MC. (4)
goc AOB, do do ACIB = - AOB = O m . Tudng tvf, ta c6
Kk hdp (1) vdi (4) suy ra: M N + N A = M B + M C ,
do do M A = M B + MC. Vay M A = 60 + 90 = 150cm. ADrB = - A ( r i i = (5crB.
2
3.29. Chpn (B). (Hoc sink ve hinh)
T u do suy ra
Theo gia t h i e t , t a CP OA = 0 0 ' = O'A.
C B D = 180° - ( A C B + A D I B ) - 1 8 0 " - ( O ^ B + 0 0 4 3 ) = OBO'.
AAOO' la tarn giac deu n e n MyO = y \ 0 0 ' = 60°. D P 0 0 ' 1
* K h i h a i dudng t r o n bang n h a u , ta c6 OB = O'B, do do t a m
A B n e n suy ra Z A O B = 120°. Vay
sp dp cung A O ' B = SP do cung A O B = 120°. giac OBO' can t a i B. Suy ra ACIB = ( r O B = 0 0 4 3 = A D I B . Di{>u nay
CO nghia r a n g t r p n g t r u d n g hdp nay t a m giac BCD can t a i B.
3.30. Chpn (A).
3.32. Chpn (B). Gpi R, r lAn ludt la cac ban k i n h cua hai dudng trpn
* j r a CP: A T T B ' + D = 180°, ma
Idn va nhp. Ta CP
A'H'B' = Mm (gpc d6i dinh), cpn
/?^-;-2=TB^= ' A I B ^
D = C (gpc dpi cua h i n h b i n h h a n h 4
ABCD), suy r a MVE + C = 180°. M a t khac: {R- -r-)n--\ / ? - - / • " = 1 2 , 5 . Tvf do suy ra
T u giac A C B H ' npi ti6p dudng trpn.
AB = = 5V2 .
T u dp H thupc dudng t r o n ( 0 ) .
3.33. Chpn (E). V i A N , B la t a m giac vuong can nen suy ra
* D P BC // A D va B B ' 1 A D r en
A13N| = ANJ"B = 45".
A B D B B ' 1 BC suy ra C l i H ' = 90° , :na
G P C A M B chan niia duong t r o n nen la goc vuong. Theo gia
C va H ' thupc dudng t r p n tarn O, dp dp C H ' la duPng k i n h cua difdng
thi6t, B M N P la h i n h vuong nen goc B M N vuong. Suy ra A, M , N
tron (O).
t h a n g hang. Vay ANT3 = 45°, do do tii' giac A N , N B noi tidp.
3.31. Chpn (A).

I(i8 169
Tijf do, theo t i n h ch^t goc noi ti^p ta c6 A B N , = N | N A = 4 5 " . T a cung c6 PT FN
• PT^ = P M . P N khong d6i.
PM PT
A N B = 4 5 " nen suy ra goc N i N B vxiong.
Vay PT' = PT = VPM.PN , tiic la T va r nSm t r e n dUdng tron
3.34. Chpn (C). Xet mot canh A B t u y y. Gpi O la tarn da giac d§u
tam P ban k i n h VPM.PN.
(cung chinh la tarn duong tron ngoai t i l p va npi ti4p), R va r Ikn lupt
la ban k i n h diidng tron ngoai tiep va npi ti4p. 3.36. Chpn (C). T i i 7 d^n 8 c m l Huang ddn: S = 6.6 - 9 ; r .

, 3.37. Chpn (E). Hudtig ddn:

Gpi C la diem doi tarn cua A .
Gpi r la ban k i n h h i n h tron. Dien tich ph4n mau trSng hkng
Bay gip, ta c6 dien tich 4 h i n h t a m giac vuong bSng nhau cpng l a i . Moi h i n h t a m
180" AB giac vuong nay c6 canh b&ng r. Dien t i c h phan to den la :
sin suy ra
n AC 2R r' X ;T - 2x r " = (;r - 2)x r~.
a
R = N 4 U dien tich h i n h tron la S t h i dien tich ph4n to den la
0
IcSO ;r-2
2 sin X S.

Bay gicf, gpi D la t r u n g d i l m A B , ta c6 OD la t r u n g true AB 3.38. Chpn (E).

(doan thSng OD dupe gpi la trung doan cua da gidc ddu). Ta da bidt
* Ta c6 A B O = A H O
O cung la t a m dudng tron npi tiep da giac, nen OD = r. Ta cung c6 9

180' Cac diem B,

DOA = A C B =
H, C deu thupc

T i i do, trong tam giac vuong ADO ta c6 difdng trdn diidng

kinh AO. Vay 5
a
0 dihm A, B, C, O, H
180 AD 9
t g D O A = tg = —, suy ra r = thupc mot diiong
DO r 180"
2tg tron.
* A H B = ACB ; AHC = A B C v i la cac goc npi ti^p cung ch4n
3.35. Chpn (B). Hai tam giac
mot cung cua duong tron dudng k i n h AO, ma ACB = ABC (hai goc
PTN va PMT c6 NFf
day ciia t a m giac can ABC) nen ta suy ra A H B = A H C . Vay H A la
chung va Ti = M , nen
tia phan giac cua goc BHC.

3.39. Chpn (A). V i c6 dien tich bSng TT nen h i n h tron nho c6 ban
k i n h bang 1. N^u hai giao diem P, Q cua hai dudng tron tro t h a n h
dudng k i n h cua dudng t r o n nho, t a m giac PCQ vuong t a i C (Hpc sinh
K \/N ve h i n h lai cho dung dd d l thay). Hdn niia, v i C la t a m dUong tron
Ion nen CP = CQ. K h i do PQ = 2. Suy ra ban k i n h diidng tron Idn la

171
i
 liDF = EFD,
CP = P Q — = V2 .
2 nghia la t a m giac
Dien tich h i n h tron Ion la 2 ; T . L U C nay, do t a m giac PCQ E F D can.
vuong can nen dien tich h i n h quat PCQ (cua h i n h tron Ion) bang 1/4 Do do E D = E F .
(Tuy nhien, khong the
dien tich h i n h t r o n 16n, tuc bang ~ K . Dien tich phan tao boi day
=^ Ta CO
cung PQ va cung PQ cua dudng t r o n Ion la
P Q D = PDE
~ ;r - SpcQ = ^ ;T - 1 (don v i dien tich).

= - sp dp cung PD), gpc

Dien t i c h phan to dam la - ;7" - ( / T - 1) = 1.
• 2 2
"ay t a m giac EDP dpng dang vPi t a m giac EQD (g - g), suy r a :
3.40. Chpn (E). T a m giac A B O la t a m giac deu v i CO
^ = l^oED^.HP.QH.
OA = OB = A B = EQ ED
T i i giac A I M D npi ti^p dudng tron v i c6 I A D + I M D = 180". Ta c6
3.43. Chpn (C). Cau t r a Idi l a gAp 1 l 4 n . That vay:
A D ! = A M I (hai goc noi tiep cung chan cung A I ) , ma
Gpi dp dai duPng k i n h cac dudng tron nho Ian luPt l a d,, d^, d;,,
A M I = - A O B = - . 60" = 30° d, va dp dai dudng k i n h dupng trpn Ipn l a d.
-) 1
Tpng dp dai 4 niia duPng t r p n nho l a :
nen A D I = 30°.
di X 3,14 : 2 + d, X 3,14 : 2 + dg x 23,14 : 2 + d, x 3,14 : 2
3.41. Chpn (D). Chpn diem Q tren t i a PB sao cho = (di + d. + ds + d,) X 3,14 : 2.
PD = DQ. l a i do Dp dai n i i a duPng t r p n Ipn l a : d x 3,14 : 2.
C A = C B , CP = CQ. (1) V i d = di + do + da + d, n e n dp dai cua nua dudng tron Idn
1 ,;r;7^ 1
Ta CP C A P - - s d P B C , CBP = - s d P A C . Ma sdPBC+ sdPAC = \ i n g bang tong cac dp dai cua 4 n u a dudng trpn nhp.
2 • 2 3.44. * Phan thudn: Gpc A M B chan nua dudng t r p n nen la gpc
360° nen CAP + CBP = 18O" . T{f dp, suy ra vuong. Thep gia thiet, B M N P l a h i n h vuong nen goc B M N vuong.
(fAP = CBQ . (2) Suy r a A, M , N t h a n g hang. Vay A N B = 45° , do do d i l m N n h i n
T i j ( 1 ) v a (2) t a CP h a i t a m giac CAP va CBQ b a n g n h a u , suy doan AB c6 d i n h dudi mot goc 45°. Suy r a N thuoc cung chua goc 15"
ra AP = BQ. Tu'd6, 2.PD = PQ = PB + PA. dung t r e n doan t h a n g A B , cung nay n a m cung phia vdi nua ditdng
3.42. Chpn(B). t r o n da chd.
* T n giac B C F D npi ti^p dupe duPng tron vi cp * Gidi hqn: K h i M t r u n g B, ta c6 N t r u n g B, v i trong i r u d n g
' B D F + 1JCF= 180°. hop nay, h i n h vudng B M N P suy bien t h a n h chi mpt diem B. K h i M
* ABD = A D H vi c u n g CP S6 dp b;Hng s6 dp c u n g A D , •ung A t h i N t r u n g N j , d do, N i l a diem sap chp B A N i P j l a h i n h
uong; npi each khac, N i chinh l a giap diem cua tiep tuyen vdi nua
A B l ) = I ' l - D v i cung bu vPi gpc Z CFD, t u do

1 TO
dvfcJng t r o n t a i A v a c u n g c h i i a goc n o i t r e n . V a y N c h u y e n d p n g t r e n 3.47. Chpn (B). + Hudng ddn:

c u n g B N i nh\i h i n h ve.
T i n h dp d a i c u n g t r o n b i cat. T i n h dp d a i c u n g t r o n p h A n con
* Phdn ddo: G i a s i i N l a d i e m t u y y t h u p c c u n g B N i n o i t r e n . l a i ( c h u v i d u o n g t r o n t r t f d i dp d a i c u n g b i cat) v a c p n g t h e m cho dp
N 6 i N A , cat n u a diXdng t r o n t a i M . V i goc A M B c h a n n u a d u o n g t r o n dai h a i b a n k i n h .
n e n l a goc v u o n g . S u y r a goc B M N v u o n g . B a y gio, c6 t h e d i f n g d i e m
3.48. C h p n ( A ) . Ca ba c a u d 6 u d i i n g n e n ( A ) d i i n g .
P sac cho B M N P l a h i n h c h i i n h a t . N h u n g v i t a c6 M N T P = 4 5 " (do N
* T a CO A A B C c a n t a i A c6 A O l a p h a n g i a c goc A n e n A O
thupc cung B N i ) nen dang suy r a B M N P la h i n h vuong. N h i l the, la d u d n g cao, suy r a A O 1 E C ( t a i H ) .
t u N t u y y t r e n c u n g B N j , t a d a c h i r a dupe cac d i e m M , P v a ba d i e m X e t t a m g i a c v u o n g O B A c6 d u d n g cao B H t h i :
M , N , P t h o a m a n t i n h c h a t de b a i .
OB^ = OH.OA; A B " = AH.OA .
* Ket luqn: Q u y t i c h cac d i l m N l a c u n g B N j , c h i i a goc 45° va
r^.^,, OB' OH
dvfng t r e n d o a n t h a n g A B . R r do suy r a =
AB- HA
3.45. C h p n ( A ) . 3(V3 + 1 - ^ ) • Hudng dcln: * T a CO D E // O A (do c u n g v u o n g goc vo'i B C ) . T i e p tuc,
d u n g t i n h c h a t b a n g n h a u c i i a h a i goc cung c h a n c u n g nho B C ;
T o n g d i e n t i c h cac h i n h t r o n l a 3 ^ . • n g o a i r a , de y D O = O B , t a suy r a A D O E = A O B A ( t r u o - n g h o p
bang n h a u cua t a m g i a c v u o n g ) , do do D E = OA. V a y tiJ giac
D C = A B = 3, D A = C B = V3 + 1 . D E A D l a h i n h b i n h h a n h . TCr do t a dtrpc E A = D O = O C .
T i n h d i e n t i c h h i n h c h u n h a t A B C D , s u y r a k§t q u a . * E A // D C n e n E A 1 E O . T a c6 B , C, E c u n g n h i n OA
d u o i m o t goc v u o n g n e n c h u n g c u n g n a m t r e n dtfo-ng t r o n diTo'ng
3.46. C h o n ( D ) . {Hoc sink ve hinh)
ki'nh O A . V a y 5 d i e m A , E , B , O, C cung n a m t r e n m o t difo-ng
* T a c6: A D = A F ( h a i t i e p t u y e n c i i a duo-ng t r o n ( 0 ) cung
I r o n ( c h l n h l a du^dng t r o n dufo'ng k i n h O A ) .
xuat phat t a i mot diem).
3.49. C h p n ( E ) . Hicdng ddn: G p i /?,, Rj t i i o n g l i n g l a b a n k i n h c i i a
A A D F c a n t a i A , suy r a A D F = A F D < 90°.
T a c u n g c6 A D F = D E F ( c u n g b a n g ni^a so do c u n g D F ) , do (1 u o n g t r o n t h i i n h a t v a t h i i h a i . S i i d u n g g i a t h i ^ t v a c o n g t h u c t i n h

do D E F < 90°. dp d a i c u n g t a c6 t h I s u y r a ^ = -. N g o a i r a , t i s6 d i e n t i c h h a i
Chufng m i n h ttfo'ng tU t a c u n g d i i p c :
FDE < 90° v a D E F < 90°. h i n h t r o n b a n g b i n h p h u o n g t i s6 h a i b a n k i n h , do do, t i s6 d i e n t i c h
9
V a y A D E F C6 b a goc d e u n h p n .
cua h i n h t r o n thvi n h a t va h i n h t r o n t h u h a i la —.
180"-A 16
* T r o n g A A D F c a n t a i A c6: A D F
.50. C h p n ( E ) . T i i giac A M Q P n p i t i ^ p t r o n g d u o n g t r o n v i c6:

180"-A A M Q + A P Q = 180" .
T r o n g A A B C c a n t a i A c6: A B C ^
D e t l i a y r a n g t a m giac A O B l a t a m giac d i u n e n A O B = 6 0 " .
V a y A D F = A B C . X e t tuf g i a c B D F C c6:
T h e o t i n h c h a t goc n o i t i ^ p : A M B = - / \ 0 B = 3 0 " ,
B C F + B D F = A B C + B D F = A D F + B D F = 180°. 7
Suy r a tuf g i a c B D F C n p i t i e p dapc.

175
 suy r a P M Q = 60* 3.Si. Chpn (B). Dat so do cung AB = x (dp) va s6 do cung AD = y
Tiiongtil M P Q = 60". (dp). Theo de bai, cac cung AB, BC, CD c6 cung dp dai, tuc la cilng s6
Tii do MPQ la tarn do, nen ta c6
giac deu. 3x + y = 360°.
Theo tinh chat goc ngoai (AED) ta dUdc:
Do tarn giac MPQ
deu nen ^ (X - y) = 40°.
= MQ = Q M ; Giai he gom hai phiidng trinh tren ta dude : y = 30°, suy ra s6
AMP = APN'1 = 30",
dogoc ACDla ^ y = 15 (dp).
tani giac AMP can tai A,
A ^ I = AP. Vay AQ thupc
3.55. Ghpn (B). Hudng ddn:
ducjng trung true cua MP.
r ^ PO' _ P A _ 4 _ 1
Trong cac tarn giac vuong
^ ~ P 0 " P B " 8 " 2 '
AKM va AMQ, do ta c6
suy ra R = 2r va PO'= 00'= R + r = 3r.
A M K = 3 0 " va A Q M = 3 0 "
Dung Dinh l i Pythagore cho tam giac PAQ' ta dUdc
AK _ 1
nen A M = 2AK va AQ = 2AM. Tu do : 4^+r-=(3r)-c^r-=2.
AQ " 4 '
3.51. Chpn (A). Vi dien tich hinh quat AOB bang dien tich hinh Vay dien tich hinh tron nho la 2;r.
quat COD nen dien tich hinh quat AOB bang dien tich tarn giac cong 3.56. Chon (D). {Hoc sink ve hinh)
ECD neu va chi neu dien tich hinh quat COD bang niia dien tich Ta CO AB = BC nen suy ra B la diem chinh giufa ciia cung
tarn giac EOD, tuc la AC, tii do BD 1 AG. Do ABGD la tuf giac npi tiep nen:
ABC + ADC = 180°.
' x.OD- = ' OD.DE, suy ra 2x = = tgx.
2 4 OD Ma ABC = 2 ADC (gt), suy ra ABC = 120° va ADC = 60°. Vay
3.52. Chon (D). Goi tarn dudng tron trong tam giac vuong ABD ta c6 ADB = 30° nen
ngoai tiep hinh quat POQ la C, C la giao BD = 2AB = 2x7,5 = 15 (cm).
diem trung triic SC cua OP va trung true 3.57. Chpn (E). 6 day, ta c4n liiu y mot dieu quan trpng, do la, chu
RC cua OQ. Trong tam giac ORG ta c6: vi cua mot niia hinh tron thi bkng niia chu vi hinh tron cpng them
a OC = cho dp dai dUdng kinh.
cos
2/ OC cos a Gpi r la ban kinh hinh tron, ta c6 phtfdng trinh:
9
7ir + 2r = — c:>2Tt + 4 = 7tr<=>r = 2 + - .
3.53. Chon (E). Khorig thay doi. 2 7t
Keo dai BC, cat dudng tron tai D. Ke dudng kinh qua ('. 3.58. Chpn (C). 0 hinh ben, O la tam dam c6 hinh tron, A va B nkm
Dudng nay chinh la phan giac goc MCD. Suy ra MDN = 30". tren difdng tron, con C la dihm sao cho OC la chi4u rpng 16i di c6 lat
Vay so do cua cung tron M T N se khong thay doi va bSng 60°. soi. Ta CO

17() 177
 OB = 6, OC = 3, suy r a
B
COBB = y
^ , B C = 3^/3 . A
O HINH TRU • HINH NON • HINH CAU
Vay dt( A COB) =

d t ( h i n h quat AOB) = ; r . 6 ^ ^ = In .
In
T R A C NGHieWI KI^N T H U C VA T H 6 N G HI^U
Dien tich loi di la 2 3;r + ^ ^ = 6 ; r + 9\/3.

Dien tich phan c6 con l a i la: 30;T - 9\/3 m'^. .4.1. M o t h i n h chii n h a t M N P Q c6 M N = 16cm, N P = 12cm. Cho
r h i n h chiJ n h a t nay quay quanh canh M N . K h i do, h i n h dildc sinh r a
p 3.59. Chon (B). Gpi O la tarn duOng t r o n va
la mot h i n h t r u c6 dien tich toan phan bSng
•g AB la day cung cua mat cSt vuong goc cua
A\ X (A) 1659cm2 (B) 2659,18cm2 (C) 2110,08cm2
diidng ham, r la ban k i n h . Goi P la diem tren-
(D)2680cm2 (E) M o t k ^ t qua khac.
duOng t r o n ma O P l AB, X la giao di4m cua AB
C 4.2. Cho h i n h t r u c6 do dai dvfdng k i n h day la 12cm va chieu cao
va OP.
22
Ta CO XP = 5 va A X = B X = 5^3 . Cung A B chia diidng tron
V , - -
bang 20cm. Lay Ti^ —. Dien tich toan phan ciia h i n h t r u gan bang
t h a n h 2 niia, bai toan doi hoi ta xac d i n h dien tich nua nho.
(A) 1001,6cm^ (B) 980,6cm^ (C) 680,5cm^
Vi OX = /• - 5 nen t a m giac vuong OXP cho ta:
(D) 1080,5cm^ (E) 860,5cm^.
( r - 5 ) - + ( 5 v / 3 ) 2 = r - = > r = 10.

TOf do, suy ra X O B = 6O", dien tich quat tron (OAB) la 4.3. M o t h i n h chiJ n h a t A B C D c6 A B = 10cm, A D = 2cm. Cho h i n h
1 100;r chi3 n h a t nay quay quanh canh A D . K h i do, h i n h difdc sinh r a la mot
-;r.lO-=
3 3 h i n h t r u c6 the t i c h bSng
(A) 628cm' (B) 524cm' (C) 743,23cm'
va dien t i c h c4n t i m la ^^^^ - 25^3 (don v i dien tich).
(D) 228,57cm' (E) M o t kdt qua khac.

4.4. Cho h i n h t r u c6 dien t i c h x u n g q u a n h bang 314cm^ chi§u

cao bang b a n k i n h dif6ng t r o n day. K h i do, the t i c h cua no g i n
bang 1
(A) 1120,22cm' (B) 1270,18cm' (C) 1110,16cm'
(D) 1320,36cm' (E) Mot k4t qua khac.

4.5. Cho t a m giac deu ABC c6 canh A B = 10cm va dirorng cao

A H . Goi (Si) la m a t c l u tao t h a n h k h i quay nijfa duforng t r o n ngoai
tiep AABC m p t yong quanh A H .

179
178
 D i e n t i c l i ciia (Si) l a :
400
(A) 200;rcm2 (B) 400;rcm2 (C) .;rcm'
V4xK V2xTt V4xn
179
(D) .Tvcm^ (E) ;Tcm^.
V27r V27t

4.6. Cho A B B ' A ' la m o t t h i e t dien qua 4.12. The tich cua mot h i n h non bSng 4327icm''. Chieu cao cua h i n h
true ciia h i n h t r u nhif h i n h ben. B i e t dien non la 9cm. Do dai dUdng sinh gan bang
t i c h thie't dien la 36 (don v i dien tich), chu (A) 13,4cm (B) 12,5cm (C) 18,7cm
v i t h i e t dien la 26. K h i do, do dai A B l a : (D) 16,6em (E) M o t k i t qua khae.
(A) 6 (B) 4 (C) 4
^ B 4.13. M o t h i n h non eo do dai dUdng k i n h day 24dm, chieu cao
(D) 9 (E) 12.
16dm. D i e n t i c h xung quanh ciia h i n h non l a :
4.7. Dien tich xung quanh ciia mot h i n h t r u la 967i. Biet chieu cao (A) 240 ;r d m ' (B) 140 ;r d m ' (C) 145 ;r d m '
cua h i n h t r u nay la h = 12. Hay t i m ban k i n h dudng tron day. (D) 249 ;r d m ' (E) 340;r d m ' .
(A) 3 (B) 2,5 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 4,8.
4.14. M o t h i n h non c6 cac k i c h thudc
4.8. Cho OA, OB la h a i ban k i n h vuong goc cua mot dudng tron nhxi t r e n h i n h ben. Lay gia t r i gan
tarn 0 , ban k i n h 1,2cm. K h i cho tarn giac AOB quay quanh O A t h i : 22
d u n g ciia 71 la — , dien t i c h toan p h a n
(A) H i n h dvfdc sinh ra la mot h i n h cau c6 the tich 1,728 ;r cm^.
(B) H i n h diToc sinh r a la mot h i n h t r u c6 thk tich 1,728 ;r cm\ ciia h i n h non la :

(C) H i n h difdc sinh ra la mot h i n h non c6 the tich 1,728 ;r cm^. (A) 374cnr (B) 423cm-
(C) 415cnr (D) 404cm-
(D) H i n h dude sinh r a l a mot h i n h non c6 thh tich
(E) 401cnr.
^.l,728;rcml
3 4.15. The tich ciia mot h i n h cau la 400cm^. Ban k i n h h i n h cau la
(E) Tat ca eac cau t r e n deu sai. (A) 3,2cm (B) 3,9cm (C) 4,6cm

4.9. The tich cua mot hinh t r u la 375::. Biet chieu cao ciia hinh t r u (D) 2,7cm (E)Motkltquakhac.

nay la 15. Hay t i m dien tich xung quanh ciia h i n h t r u . 4.16. M o t h i n h non c6 chieu cao 12cm, duo'ng sinh 13cm. D i e n
(A) 98;: (B) 17071 (C) 120:1 (D) 85:1 (E) Mot k i t qua khac, t i c h xung quanh ciia h i n h non l a :
(A) 2 8 1 , l e m ' (B) 382cm' (C) 282,6em'
4.10. M o t h i n h t r u c6 dien t i c h tong hai day va dien tich xung
(D) 543,6cm' (E) Mot k i t qua khac.
quanh deu bang 628 (ddn v i dien tich). K h i do chieu cao ciia h i n h
t r u nay l a : 4.17. D i e n t i c h xung quanh cua mot h i n h non bang I O O T I , dien

(A) 10 (B) 10,5 (C) 11 (D) 12;r (E) - ; r . t i c h toan p h a n cua no la 136:1. Hay t i m ban k i n h dUdng t r o n day
5
ciia h i n h non nay.
4.11. The tich cua mot h i n h non la 165cm va chip}u cao cua no la (A) 7 (B) 11 (C) 6 (D) 9 (Ej 12.
12cm. Ban k i n h dUdng tron day ciia h i n h non la 4.18. M o t h i n h non eo chieu cao 12cm, diTong k i n h day la 18cm.

180
181
 D i e n tich ciia ( 8 2 ) so vdfi (Si) se gap:
D i e n t i c h xung quanh cua h i n h non l a :
(A) 3 Ian (B) 2 l ^ n (C) 3,5 l ^ n
(A) 423,9cm^ (B) 526,lcm^ (C) 403,8cm'
(D) 6lkn (E)4mn.
(D) 411,2cm2 (E)520,4cml
4.25. Dien tich ciia mpt mat cau la 97i. The tich ciia h i n h cau nay l a
4.19. Mot h i n h non c6 ban k i n h day bang 2 c m , difong sinh cua no
CO dp dai 6cm. Cat doc theo mot duong sinh roi t r a i phSng r a . Ta ( A ) ^ ( B ) ^ (C)^ (D, 2l ,E,'^.
4 2 2 4 2
diWc mot h i n h quat. So do cung ciia h i n h quat nay bSng
4.26. M p t h i n h non cut cp chieu cap 8cm, di/p'ng sinh 10cm, ban
(A) 60° (B) 70° (C) 80° (D) 120° (E) 140°.
k i n h day \6n 12cm. The t i c h cua h i n h npn cut l a :
4.20. M o t h i n h chiJ n h a t M N P Q c6 M N = 2a, N P = a. Cho h i n h chu (A) 2230,08cm^ (B) 2110,08cm^ (C) 1978,18cm^
nhat nay quay quanh canh M N , ta dude m o t h i n h t r u c6 the tich V i . (D) 2103,18cm^ (E) 2010,12cml
Lai cho h i n h chiJ n h a t do quay quanh canh NP, ta diTpc m p t hinh tru
4.27. Chp t a m giac deu ABC va difc/ng cap A H . Gpi (Ci), ( C 2 ) Ian
CO the tich Vg. Ta c6:
l i / P t la hai h i n h cau tao t h a n h k h i quay nufa diTofng t r o n npi t i e p va
(A) V, = ^ V 2 (B) V2=^V| (C) V2=3V, nufa dirdng t r o n ngoai t i e p AABC mpt vong quanh A H .
The t i c h cua ( C 2 ) so vp'i (Ci) se gap:
(D) V, = V 2 (E) V, =|V2. (A) g i ^ n (B) 6 l 4 n (C) 3,5 Ian
(D) 8 \kn (E) 12 ikn.
4.21. Cho tarn giac deu ABC c6 canh AB = 10cm va diTong cao
AH. Gpi (S2) la mat cau tao t h a n h k h i quay nufa diTo'ng tron noi 4.28. Chp mot h i n h cau ma neu xet ve so lifdng t h i the t i c h h i n h
tiep A A B C mpt vpng quanh A H . D i e n tich ciia (S2) la: c a u bang dien t i c h cua mat cau. H i n h cau nay se c6 ban k i n h bang

(A) — .;r cm^ (B) 12;r c m ' (C) -^-.n: cm' (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6 (don vi).
3 3
4.29. M o t h i n h non cut c6 ban k i n h d ^ / 16'n bang h a i Ian ban
179
(D) ^ . ; r cm' (E)3;r cm'. k i n h day nho, di/6'ng sinh bang, ban k i n h day 16'n. Neu dien tich
3
xung quanh ciia h i n h non cut na> la 8478cm' t h i dien t i c h day nho
4.22. The t i c h cua mot h i n h cau la 972?! dm'*. cua no l a :
Dien tich mat cau dp la (A) 1413cm' (B) 2017cm' (C) 2011cm'
(A) 32471 cm'^ (B) 1827t cm" (C) 2877i c m -
(D) 2154cm' (E) 3012cm'.
CD) 45671 cm- (E)Mptk§tquakhac.
4.30. Mot h i n h cau ban k i n h bang 5cnr. Dien tich mat cau va the
4.23. M p t h i n h non d i n h S c6 diidng sinh SA = 6cm, goc SAB
tich h i n h cau nay la ,
giufa di/dng sinh SA va diio'ng k i n h A B cua day la 60°. The t i c h ciia
(A) S = 2107r cm- ; V = 1437i cm'
h i n h non nay l a :
. 500
(A)53,14cm^. (B) 47,36cm^ (C) 48,94cm^
(B) S = IOOTT c m ' ; V = — 7t cm-
(D) 45,99cm^ (E) 52,53cm^
(C) S = 14071 cm'; V = 23171 cm-'
4.24. Cho t a m giac deu ABC va dxicing cao A H . Gpi (Si), ( S 2 ) Ian
(D) S = 10671 c m ' ; V = 577i cm*
luoft la m a t cau tap t h a n h k h i quay nufa d u p ' n g tron npi t i e p va nufa
(E) S = 857t c m ' ; V = 1237i cnv'.
difo'ng t r o n n g o a i tiep AABC m p t v p n g quanh A H .
183
 T R A C NGHI^M K F N A N G TINH T O A N (C) TOSQcm'^ ; 3004cm^
VA KHA NANG S U Y LUAN C A O
(D) 10391cm^ ; 3464cm^
(E) 2213cm^ ; 1124cm^.

4.35. M o t be chufa nUo'c l i i n h t r u c6 c h i e u cao 4m. M o t voi nude

4.31. Mot h i n h t r u c6 b a n k i n h d a y b a n g 6 c m va c h i e u cao bang
chay vao be vdfi v a n toe 6 7 5 0 l i t m 6 i gio'. Sau K) phiit chay, muc
8 c m . D i e n t i c h x u n g q u a n h , dien t i c h t o a n p h a n va the t i c h ciia h i n h
nUdc t r o n g be cao 0 , 5 m . T h e t i c h ciia be chufa niidc la:
t r u tUdng ling n h a sau:
(A) 3 6 0 0 d m ^ (B) 9 0 0 0 d m ' (C) 7000dm''
(A) S,„ = 967t cm^ ; s,„ = 16271 cm' V = 20871 c m
(D) 8000dm' (E) 9 5 0 0 d m ' .
(B) S.., = 957t c m ' ; Sip = 16871 cm' V = 18871 cm
4.36. Mot h i n h t r u c6 d i e n t i c h t o a n p h a n b a n g d i e n t i c h ciia
(C) S,„ = 9071 cm'; = 13871 cm' v = 20871 c m
h i n h t r o n c6 b a n k i n h 4 , 5 m . C h i e u cao c i i a h i n h t r u n a y b a n g 3 m .
(D) S,„ = 96Tt cm'; = 16871 cm' 2887t c m
I K h i do, b a n k i n h d a y c i i a h i n h t r u g a n bang
( E ) T a t ca cac c a u t r e n d e u sai.
[ (A) 1,82m (B) 2,65m (C) 2,34m (D) 2,92m
4.32. M o t h i n h cau b a n k i n h r n o i t i e p diJo'c m o t h i n h n o n tron
I (E) M o t k ^ t qua khac.
x o a y CO d u d n g s i n h b a n g duo'ng k i n h d a y ( H i n h cau t i e p x i i c vol
d a y v a m a t x u n g q u a n h ciia h i n h n o n ) . K h i do, t i so t h e t i c h c i i a I 4.37. D o d a i d i i d n g s i n h c u a m o t h i n h n o n la 6 1 c m va b a n k i n h

h i n h n o n v a h i n h cau n o i t i e p l a : I d i W n g t r o n day la 11cm. The t i c h cua h i n h n o n nay (chinli xac

d e n c h i i so t h a p p h a n t h i i n h a t ) l a :
1
5
(A, (D, ?
4 (B) 4 (A) 7520,4cm^ ( B ) 8220,7cm''^ (C) 7620,7cm^

4.33. D a y cua m o t h i n h n o n l a h i n h t r o n n o i t i e p t r o n g m o t hinh (D) 2010,2cm^ (E) 7 6 2 8 , 9 c m ^

v u o n g . H i n h v u o n g n a j ^ l a m o t m S t cua m o t h i n h l a p p h u d n g c6 c a n h 4.38. Cho m o t n i i a h i n h t i u n h i f

b a n g 1. D i n h cua h i n h n o n l a t a r n c i i a m a t d d i d i e n cua m a t c h i i a day hinh ben, ban kinh dUdng tron
h i n h n 6 n t r o n g h i n h l a p p h u d n g i d o . Do d a i d u d n g s i n h cua h i n h n 6 n day la 0,5m va c h i e u cao la 3m.
ia ' D i e n t i c h toan p h a n ciia n i i a h i n l i
^/5 4
(A) (B) (C) t r u nay la:
^5
(A) - .2.7i.0,5.3m^ (B) 8 , 5 0 m ^ (C) 9,78m^
2
2
(D) (E)
(D) 6,50m^ (E) 3 , 5 2 m l
5
4.34. Che h i n h t r u va h i n h n o n v 6 i cac 30cm 4.39. Cho h i n h quat O A B , vdi h a i ban k i n h O A va O B vuong goc

k i c h thxXdc nhxl h i n h b e n . T h e t i c h h i n h n h a u . G i a s i i O A = O B = 7 (ddn v i ) . H i n h gioi b a n boi c u n g A B ciia

t r u va h i n h n o n n a y ( l a m t r o n t h a n h so h i n h q u a t n a y v a d a y A B c i i a no diXdc goi l a liinh vien phan. Khi cho

nguyen) tUdng l i n g la h i n h v i e n p h a n nay q u a y q u a n h d u d n g t h i n g OA, the t i c h ciia h i n h

(A) 10381cm^; 3424cm^ -»21cm — difdc s i n h r a l a .

(B) 9391cm^ ; 4414cm^ r = 10,5, h = 30

184
 (A) (B) ( C ) ^ ; r (D) - ;r (E)--;r. V a y d i e n t i c h m a t cau ( S i ) l a :
o , 100 400 ,
S = 4.;r.(R|f = 4 . ; r . — = - - - . ; r ( c n r ) .
4.40. Cho h i n h non n h u h i n h ben. B i e t
B C = 4 (don v i ) . D i e n t i c h x u n g quanh
4.6. Chpn(D).
va t h e t i c h ciia h i n h non nay la:
4.7. C h p n (C).
(A) S^^ =571 ; V = ^7rV3
4.8. C h p n ( E ) . H i n h dupe s i n h r a l a m o t h i n h n o n c6 b a n k i n h d a y
(B) S^^=Sn • V = ^nS
1,2 c m ; CO c h i 4 u cao 1,2 e m , v a c6 t h e t i c h l a ^ . 1 , 7 2 8 c m ^ .
3
(C) S„,, = 8 7 1 ; V = -7T 4.9. C h p n (E). D i e n t i c h x u n g q u a n h la 150?.
3
8 4.10. • C h p n ( A ) . T a c6 2 ; r R - = 2 ; r R h ^ R = h .
(D) Sx,, = 7 7 x ; V = ^7r^/3
11 Ma ;rR- =314 n e n h = R = 10.

( E ) T a t ca cac c a u t r e n d ^ u s a i . 165 = - 7 r . r M 2 165 = (4.7i).v

4.11. C h p n (A). V = - Tir-h
3

2 165 165
=> r = => r =
4 x 7t 4 x 71

4.12. C h p n ( E ) . D p d a i d a d n g s i n h g a n b a n g 11,3cm.

c D A P A N V A HaONG D A N
4.13. Chpn ( A ) .
B A I T A P T R A C N G H I E M HJNH H O C - C H U O N G 4
4.14. Chpn ( A ) .

4.15. C h p n (C). V = ^ 7tr^ , s u y r a 400 = ^ . T i . r ' l V a y

4.1. C h o n (C). H i n h diidc s i n h r a l a m o t h i n h t r u c6 d i e n t i c h t o a n
^ 400 400
p h a n b a n g 2 /r . M N . N P + 2 ; r .NP\ = 4,6.
I- = ^ . suy r a r = ^
.7t .71
4.2. C h p n (B). D i e n t i c h t o a n p h a n = dien t i c h x u n g q u a n h + 2 Ian 3
3
d i e n t i c h d a y = 2.71.6.20 + 2.7t.6^ ~ 9 8 0 , 5 7 1 * 980,6cm^.
4.16. C h p n (E).

4.3. C h p n ( A ) . H i n h dupe s i n h r a l a m o t h i n h t r u c6 thh t i c h b S n g 4.17. Chpn(C).

; r . A B - . A D = ;r. 100.2 = 628 c m ^ . 4.18. Chpn ( A ) .

4.19. C h o n (D). C h u v i difdng t r o n chira h i n h q u a t la :
4.4. C h p n ( C ) . T a c6 : 3 1 4 = S,, = 27trh = 2 x 3,14 x r\ a,„.,„,„ = 2.6.7t=12n.
V a y r^ = 50 => r * 7,07. T h e t i c h V * 1110,16.
D p d a i c u n g A B l a 2.2.71 = 'In.
4.5. C h p n (C). G p i R i l a b a n k i n h cua ( S i ) . T a c6:
Tic do, s6 do c u n g c i i a h i n h q u a t n a y b a n g . 3 6 0 " = 120°.
IZTI
A H = A B . — = 5.>/3 R, = 2 A H = l ^ ( c m ) .
' 3 3 4.20. C h p n ( B ) . T a c6 c o n g t h i i c V = ; r r - h .

Q u a y q u a n h N P t a c6 V;, = 27ta\
180
187
 Q u a y q u a n h M N t a c6 V , = 47ia''. V a y V , = 2 V ^ h a y V-, = - V , . 4.31. C h o n (D).
S,, = 2 7 i r h = 27t.6.8 = 9 6 n cm\
4.21. C h p n ( A ) . G p i R2 l a b a n k i n h c u a (So). T a c6:
S,„ = S,„ + 2So,y = 967t + 2(71.6') = 967i + 727i = I6871 cm^.

A H = A B . ^ = 5J3 => R , = ' A H = ^ ( c m ) . V = 7 i r % = 7t.6'.8 = 28871 c m ^

V a y d i e n t i c h m S t c a u (S2) l a : 4.32. C h p n ( D ) , C h i e u cao c i i a h i n h n o n b k n g 3 r , s u y r a b a n k i n h

. (u \2 . 25 100 . . d a y c i i a h i n h n o n l a r\l3 . T h e t i c h h i n h n o n l a - ; T . 3 r ' . 3 r = ; r . 3 r \

4.;r.(R2J = 4 . ; r . — = - ^ . ; r (cnr).
3 3

4.22. C h p n ( E ) . V = - Tir^ = 972;:, h a y 972 x - = i-^ T h e t i c h h i n h c a u l a 7 ^ r \f d o , t i so t h e t i c h c u a h i n h n o n v a

3
3 4
9
729 = r''=^ r = 9. V a y S = = 324n. h i n h c a u n p i t i e p 1^ ~ •
C a u (A) k h o n g d u n g do vie't s a i d d n v i .
4.33. Chpn (B). Theo d i n h h Py-ta-go, d p d a i d U d n g s i n h cua h i n h
4.23. Chpn(C). non la:

4.24. Chpn (E). Doi v P i m o t t a m giac d6u, b a n k i n h d u P n g tron

1= l2 +
s
n g o a i t i e p g a p d o i b a n k i n h d u o n g t r o n n p i twp.

4.25. Chpn(E). 4.34. Chpn (D). The tich h i n h t r u :

V i = 7 t r \ 71 X 10,5 X 10,5 X 30 = lOSgicm'^.
4.26. Chpn (B). V = l;rh(r,- + r; + i-r,), vPi
The tich h i n h non :
h = 8, 1% = 12, r, = r_, - V1O--8- . .
v . = - (the t i c h h i n h t r u ) = - x 1 0 3 9 1 = 3 4 6 4 c m ^ .
^ 3 " 3
4.27. C h p n ( D ) . D 6 i v 6 i m o t t a m g i a c dhu, b a n k i n h d u O n g iron
4.35. C h p n ( B ) . S a u 10 p h u t (tiJc 1/6 g i o ) c h a y , m t f c m r d c t r o n g
n g o a i t i e p g a p d o i b a n k i n h d u O n g t r o n npi ti^]).
be cao 0 , 5 m , Cfng v o ' i t h e t i c h nU6c l a 6750/6 = 1 1 2 5 d m l N h i i n g
4.28. Chpn(B). Taco j T r R ^ = 4 n R 2 = > y = l ^ R =3. be chufa i i i r d c cao 4 m , tufc l a g a p 8 I a n . D o d o , t h e t i c h c i i a b e
chufa n u d e l a QOOOdm^
4.29. C h p n ( A ) . T a c6 / = r, = 2r, n e n S„, = /r3i] .2r. = 8 4 7 8 . S u y r a
4.36. C h p n ( E ) . G p i r l a b a n k i n h h i n h t r u , t a c6
1413
2;rr.3 + 2 ; r r - = ; r ( 4 . 5 ) - .

G i a i p h i f d n g t r i n h bac h a i t h e o r t r e n , t a diidc n g h i e m d i i d n g
V i v a y , d i e n t i c h d a y n h o l a n-if = 1413cm^.
gin d u n g l a 2,02m.
4.30. C h p n ( B ) . S = 4nr-= 4n5''= 4n.25 = lOOn c m - .
4.37. C h p n (C). T r a 6 c h e t t a t i m c h i e u cao :
, , 4 , 4 500
6 1 " = i r + h ^ , s u y ra h = 60.
3 3 3
T h e t i c h h i n h n o n l a - T i r ^ h = ^ 71.11.11.60 = 7620,7 (cm^).

188 189
4.38. Chpn (B).

Dien tich toan phan ciia h i n h can t i n h bang dien tich — mat MUC L U C
2 •
cong cong v6i dien tich h i n h chii nhat va cong them dien tich hai niia
h i n h t r o n day, tiic la bSng
- .2.71.0,5.3+1.3+71.(0,5)^ = 8,50m^. P h ^ n DAI S O
2
4.39. Chon (A). K h i cho quay quanh OA, h i n h quat OAB tao nen
Chaong 1
mot ban cau c6 ban k i n h bSng 7, con tarn giac OAB t h i sinh r a mot CAN BAG HAI, CAN BAC BA
h i n h non c6 ban k i n h day bang 7, chieu cao bftng 7. N h i i vay, the tich
Chuong 2
can t i n h bang the t i c h ban cau tiaJ d i the tich h i n h non: HAM SO BAC NHAT
343 »
V= TV. Chuong 3
->
HE PHaONG TRJNH BAC NHAT HAI AN
4.40. Chon (E). Trong tarn giac vuong ABC ta c6 :
Chuong 4
A B = BCsinC = BCsin30° = 4 . - = 2 HAM SO Y = AX^ (A ^ 0)
2 PHUONG TRiNH BAC HAI MOT AN

A C = BC cos C = BC cos 30" = 4. — - 2^3

2
Phlin HINHHQC
S„,, = 7TR/- 71.2.4 = 871

Chuong 1
3 3 3
HE THL/C LUONG TRONG TAM GIAC VUONG

Chuong 2
DJdNGTRON

Chuong 3
GOC VCJI DUONG TRON

Chuong 4
HiNH TRU - HJNH NON - HINH CAU

190