Unit 7 but heres all the shit
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1usF3r4pW3JKnz2qB7yyFfrWtkraTmwsS
-Clean Air Act (1970)
-identified 6 air pollutants that
the EPA is required to
monitor and set limits for:
-Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
-Nitrogen oxides (NO and
NO2)
-Carbon monoxide (CO)
-particulate matter (PM)
-tropospheric ozone (O3)
-Lead (Pb)
-CO2 is not an air pollutant, it
causes global warming but
not direct air pollution
-Coal combustion: releases
many air pollutants
-Natural sources of air
pollutants: lightning strikes,
forest fires, plants, volcanoes
-Natural sources of CO2 and
PM: respiration, aerobic
decomposition, anaerobic
decomposition, natural PM
sources
-PM10: too small to be
filtered out by nose hairs
-PM2.5: more likely travel
deep into lungs
-O3 forms when NO2 is
broken by sunlight and a free
oxygen atoms binds with O2
-hotter temperatures in
atmosphere increases smog
formation
-without NO for O3 to react
with, O3 builds up and reacts
with photochemical oxidants
to form smog
-urban areas have more
smog because of more NO22
from traffic, hotter
temperatures from urban
heat island, and more VOCs
from factories
-smog reduces
photosynthesis by reducing
sunlight
-developing countries use
more subsistence fuels like
wood and charcoal
-developed nations use more
commercial fuels like coal
and oil
-indoor pollutants in
developed nations come
from chemicals in products
like cleaning supplies
-asbestos: silicate particle
previously used in insulation,
responsible for cancer,
phased out of use
-CO2 produced by
incomplete combustion of
any fuel
-gotta go for a bit, i’ll be back
Okay cool
-urban heat island due to
lower albedo and less
evapotranspiration
-thermal inversion: cooler air
mass becomes trapped near
Earth’s surface,
-thermal inversion leads to
pollutants being trapped
closer to earth, causes health
problems
- Acid rain: formed from sulfur
dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
- Catalytic converters: reduce
emissions from vehicles.
- Scrubbers: remove
pollutants from industrial
emissions.
- Particulate matter: tiny
particles from combustion.
- Ozone: ground-level ozone
is harmful to health.
- Smog: formed from
pollutants in the atmosphere.
- Clean Air Act: regulates air
quality standards.
- Emissions trading: cap and
trade system for pollutants.
- Photochemical smog: forms
from sunlight and pollutants.
- Acid rain: caused by sulfur
dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
- Forms from fossil fuel
combustion.
- Sulfur dioxide reacts with
water to form sulfuric acid.
- Nitrogen oxides react with
water to form nitric acid.
- Acid rain harms aquatic
ecosystems.
- Impacts include fish kills
and decline in biodiversity.
- Acidification of soil affects
plant growth.
- Damages buildings and
monuments.
- Combatted through
emissions controls.
- International agreements
aim to reduce acid rain.
- Sources: vehicles, industrial
machinery, construction
activities.
- Effects: hearing loss, stress,
sleep disturbance.
- Impact on wildlife:
communication disruption,
habitat abandonment.
- Measurement: decibels
(dB).
- Regulations: noise
ordinances, workplace safety
standards.
- Control measures:
soundproofing, green
barriers.
- Health implications:
cardiovascular issues,
cognitive impairment.
7.1

7.3

7.5

7.6

7.7