COMPUTER AWARENESS
www.govtonlineexam.com
GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
It is important to realize that major changes and
trends in computer systems have occurred
during the major stages-or generations-of
computing, and will continue into the future.
The first generation of computers developed in
the early 1950s, the second generation
blossomed during the late 1960s, the third
generation took computing into the 1970s, and
the fourth generation has been the computer
technology of the 1980s and 1990s. A fifth
generation of computers that accelerates the
trends of the previous generations is expected
to evolve as we enter the 21st century. Notice
that computers continue to become smaller,
faster, more reliable, less costly to purchase and
maintain, and more interconnected within
computer networks.
First-generation computing involved massive
computers using hundreds or thousands of
vacuum tubes for their processing and memory
circuitry. These large computers generated
enormous amounts of heat; their vacuum tubes
had to be replaced frequently. Thus, they had
large electrical power, air conditioning, and
maintenance requirements. First-generation
computers had main memories of only a few
thousand characters and millisecond processing
speeds. They used magnetic drums or tape for
secondary storage and punched cards or paper
tape as input and output media.
Second-generation computing used transistors
and other solid-state, semiconductor devices
that were wired to circuit boards in the
computers. Transistorized circuits were much
smaller and much more reliable, generated little
heat, were less expensive, and required less
power than vacuum tubes. Tiny magnetic cores
were used for the computer’s memory, or
internal storage. Many second-generation
computers had main memory capacities of less
than 100 kilobytes and microsecond processing,
speeds. Removable magnetic disk packs were
introduced, and magnetic tape merged as the
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
major input, output, and secondary storage
medium for large computer installations.
COMPUTER TERMINOLOGY EXAMS
Application: Application is another term for
software program; basically a program you use
on a computer, like Word, TurboTax, Outlook,
etc.
Bandwidth: A measurement of a data line's
transmission speed, or the amount of data a
network can transfer from one computer to
another in a given amount of time.
BIOS: Basic Input/Output System. This term is
used to refer to ROM BIOS chip inside the
computer. This chip starts and manages the
computer bootup process.
Bootstrap Loader: A small program that
manages a computer boot up process until the
operating system can take over. The bootstrap
loader’s only job is to load other software,
usually in a sort of sequential chain up to the
point when the operating system can get
loaded into memory and start. The name
"bootstrap loader" comes from the idea that
the computer is pulling itself up by its
"bootstraps".
Broadband: A bandwidth term that means a
data line that will allow large amounts of data
to be transferred very quickly. Basically a
broadband line will be much, much faster than
an old dial-up line.
Burn: To “burn” a CD or DVD means to write
data files to it using a special piece of hardware.
Bus: A collection of (usually copper) wires
through which data is transmitted from one
part of a computer to another. You can think of
a bus as a "highway" on which data travels
within a computer.
Cable vs DSL: Cable and DSL are types of
broadband data lines. Cable internet access
uses the same lines that bring cable television
cable to your house, and DSL (Which stands for
Digital Subscriber Line) is a type of high speed
data compression which runs over plain old
telephone service (POTS) lines.
CMOS: A type of computer chip which is able to
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 2
www.govtonlineexam.com
operate with a very small amount of electricity
from a battery. The term also refers to the
contents of a CMOS chip within the computer,
which holds information about the computer
boot devices, the date and time and its
peripherals even while the system is turned off.
Computer Resource: This is a general computer
terminology for the components that comprise
the processing flow of a computer, including the
memory, CPU, etc. You might hear someone say
"this program is a resource hog", meaning it
takes up a lot of the computer processing
ability, and might make the computer run
slower overall.
CPU: This stands for Central Processing Unit,
and it can mean the box that holds the guts of
the computer, or the processor “brain” of the
computer. The CPU is the place where all the
computer calculations happen.
CPU Sink: CPUs heat up as they work. A CPU
sink is a mechanism to keep the CPU cool while
it does its calculations. It usually consists of a
cooling fan and an aluminum heat sink which
draws the heat away the CPU chip.
Defrag: Computers write information to a hard
drive by filling in open places on the drive. They
don’t write files all in one big block, which
means your Word document might be spread
out all over your hard drive.
To defrag your computer means to basically
rearrange the files on your computer’s hard
drive so that file parts are closer together. Once
rearranged, the computer will take less time to
access the files. Defragging is usually
recommended to speed up a slow computer.
Hard Drive: This is the central storage space for
your computer. Almost always, the hard drive is
designated as C: drive. If the drive is partitioned
(i.e., split up into different sections), there
might also be a D: drive.
IP address: IP (Internet Protocol) addresses are
assigned to each and every computer on a
TCP/IP network. They work like your home
address. Mail or any other package could not
get to you if you had no address.
IP addresses basically insure that data on a
network goes where it is supposed to go. IP
addresses look something like this:
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
192.168.1.25.
ISP: Internet Service Provider: This would be the
company that provides your internet access.
Malware: a general term for any malicious
piece of software, such as a virus, worm, or
trojan.
Mother Board: The green board inside of a
computer that allows all of the internal
computer components to interact. Some would
call it the "heart" of the computer. It routes
data to and from all the other parts, including
the CPU chip, the RAM, the power supply, etc.
Network Interface Card (NIC): This is a part of
the computer that allows it to talk to other
computers (aka, a network) via a network
“protocol” or language like TCP/IP.
Operating system: This is the basic software
that a computer runs on. Windows 98,
Windows XP, Windows Vista, Linux, Unix, and
Apple’s Mac OS X Leopard are all operating
systems.
Peripherals: This is a general term for computer
add-ons like printers, mice, keyboards,
scanners, monitor, etc..
POST: This stands for Power On Self Test. When
you first turn on a computer, it checks to make
sure all its parts are working; it makes sure a
keyboard is attached, that memory loads, and
that in general, its hardware is working and
ready to load the operating system. This test is
called the POST.
Processor chip (or just processor): This is the
brain of the computer. You’ve probably heard
the commercials for the "Intel" chip or the
"Xeon" chip. They are talking about the "brain"
of the computer, which does all the calculations
and task processing.
RAM: this stands for Random Access Memory
and is used generically as “memory”. This is the
memory on a computer that allows you to hold
and run a program so that you work with it on
the monitor. More RAM is better.
At the risk of repeating myself, RAM is
dependent on electricity, meaning it is cleared
or reset when the computer's power is turned
off.
So when your computer loses power or freezes
up while you are writing an unsaved document,
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 3
www.govtonlineexam.com
the document is lost. Train yourself to
remember to press Control + S to save your
documents when you are working on them.
Saving them writes them to the hard drive
where they will stay when the computer is
turned off.
ROM: Read Only Memory. Usually seen in
conjunction with BIOS, as in ROM BIOS. Usually
a chip onto which the information is
permanently burned. Also denotes memory
that can be accessed and read, but not written
to.
Routine: A series of instructions written to
complete a specific but limited computing task.
TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol and
Internet Protocol. These are the basic data
transmission protocols on which the internet
and most commercial networks run.
Uninterruptible Power Source (UPS): A
constantly charging battery which will act as a
fail safe if the electricity shuts down while you
are using your computer.
In the event of a total power failure, a UPS
usually has just enough charge to power your
computer for the time it takes you to save your
work and shut down safely.
URL: Universal Resource Locater. The address of
any website on the internet. For instance, my
website home page has a URL of
http://www.sensible-computer-help.com.
Worm: A worm is a virus that does not infect
other programs. It makes copies of itself, and
infects additional computers, usually via
network connection. It does not attach itself to
other programs, but it might alter, install, or
destroy files and programs. It's also used in
computer terminology as a short word any
malware in general.
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
COMPUTER TERMINOLOGY
Application Files
Program files environment where you can
create and edit the kind of document that
application makes.
Click
To select an object by pressing the mouse
button when the cursor is pointing to the
required menu option, icon or hypertext link.
Close
To close a window that has been opened for
viewing and / or editing.
Computer
A general-purpose machine that processes data
according to a set of instructions that are stored
internally either temporarily or permanently.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
This term has two meanings (just to confound
beginners, you understand)
1) Central Processor Unit--the main chip on the
computer that makes everything go.
2) The box that holds the guts of the computer.
A faster CPU is always better than a slower one.
You can never have too fast of a CPU.
Crash
Your computer or application no longer works
correctly and so you "loose" all the work you've
done since the last time you saved.
Creating A File
Storing data as a file with an assigned file name
that is unique within the directory it resides in.
Delete
To remove an item of data from a file or to
remove a file from the disk.
Desktop
An on-screen representation of a desktop such
as used in the Macintosh and Windows
operating systems.
Dialog Boxes
Takes over your screen and allows you to
"dialog" with the computer.
Directory (AKA Folder, sub-directory)
Allows you to organize files and other folders.
Disk Space
This is the place where your files live. The
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 4
www.govtonlineexam.com
greater the disk space the more files you can
keep. (See also Megabytes)
More disk space is always better than less. You
can never have much disk space.
Documents
Files you create and edit.
Document Files
Files we care about (memos, letters, pictures,
etc.)
Double Click
To press the mouse button twice in rapid
succession without moving the mouse between
clicks.
Drag
To move an object on screen in which its
complete movement is visible from starting
location to destination.
Edit
To make a change to existing data.
File Cabinet
Metaphorically, the hard drive (and other kinds
of storage media like floppy disks) which store
files and folders.
Folder (AKA Directory, Sub-Directory)
Allows you to organize files and other folders.
Folder Icons
Collections of documents and other folders.
Icons
In a graphical user interface (GUI), a small,
pictorial, on screen representation of an object,
such as a document, program, folder or disk
drive.
Icon View
Allows you to see icons of folders and files
primarily as icons with little information.
Keyboard
This if the primary text input device. It also
contains certain standard function keys, such as
the Escape key, tab, and arrow keys, shift and
control keys, and sometimes other
manufacturer-customized keys.
Kilo (K)
This is a unit of measure = 1,000. So 1,000
bytes is a KiloByte.
List View
Shows the icons but also orders the icons (often
by name, but can sort the list in other ways) and
shows more information about them.
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
Macintosh
The brand name of a family of personal
computers (hardware) and an operating system
(software) from Apple, introduced in 1984.
Megabytes (Mb)
Mega = million so Mb is 1,000,000 bytes. It's
enough information for the computer to store
one character (e.g. "h"), so 1mb text file =
1,000,000 keystrokes in that file. Just to
confound the masses, although RAM and Disk
Space do something completely different we
measure both in megabytes. This leads to
confusion.
MegaHertz (Mhz)
This stands for MegaHertz. A hertz is an
electronics term. 1 hz = one cycle (or
wavelength) per second. 1 megahertz =
1,000,000 cycles per second.
In computer jargon, Mhz measures how *fast*
your CPU chip runs. Although it's more
important to know the chip than the speed, if
you're comparing the same kind of CPU chip
then a higher / faster CPU speed (measured in
MHz) is better than a slower speed.
Menu
Displays a list of commands, some with images
next to them.
Modifier Keys
Keys that change the meaning of what you type.
Mouse
Pointing device that allows you to tell the
computer what to do.
Operating System (OS)
System software that allows your computer to
work.
Pointer (AKA Cursor)
The name of the arrow (or other shape) that
tracks across the screen as you move the mouse
(or other pointing device) around.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
This stands for Random Access Memory. You
can think of this as the "space" where you
computer does its processing. The more space
you have the more processes you can run at the
same time. More RAM is always better than
less. You can never have much RAM.
Recycle Bin
Place where you put files and folders that you
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 5
www.govtonlineexam.com
may later want to delete or get rid of. Compare
Trash.
Resize Box
Allows you to change the size and shape of a
window.
Right click
To press the right button on the mouse. (This is
Windows specific. On a Mac running System 8
or higher, you hold down the Control key and
then click to get the same effect.)
Save
Tell the computer to create a file on disk that
has the information you've put into the
document (usually typing).
Save As
Give the file a name and/or store the file in a
certain place.
Scroll bar
Allows you to move around through your
document.
Shut down
To quit all applications and turn off the
computer.
Software
Instructions that tell the computer what to do.
System files
Allows our computer to work.
Trash
Place where you put files and folders that you
want to delete or get rid of.
Volume Icons
Devices that hold files and folders.
Windows
1) The most widely used operating system for
personal computers from Microsoft. (Software
only. Other companies manufacture the
hardware that runs the Windows Operating
System.) Compare Macintosh. (Windows with a
large "W".)
2) The thing you see on screen that contains a
directory listing or the contents of a document.
(Window with a small "w".)
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
COMPUTER TERMINOLOGY
Access time - The performance of a hard drive
or other storage device - how long it takes to
locate a file.
active program or window - The application or
window at the front (foreground) on the
monitor.
alert (alert box) - a message that appears on
screen, usually to tell you something went
wrong.
alias - an icon that points to a file, folder or
application (System 7).
apple menu - on the left side of the screen
header. System 6 = desk accessories System 7 =
up to 50 items.
application - a program in which you do your
work.
application menu - on the right side of the
screen header. Lists running applications.
ASCII (pronounced ask-key ) - American
Standard Code for Information Interchange. a
commonly used data format for exchanging
information between computers or programs.
background - part of the multitasking capability.
A program can run and perform tasks in the
background while another program is being
used in the foreground.
bit - the smallest piece of information used by
the computer. Derived from "binary digit". In
computer language, either a one (1) or a zero
(0).
backup - a copy of a file or disk you make for
archiving purposes.
boot - to start up a computer.
bug - a programming error that causes a
program to behave in an unexpected way.
bus - an electronic pathway through which data
is transmitted between components in a
computer.
byte - a piece of computer information made up
of eight bits.
card - a printed circuit board that adds some
feature to a computer.
cartridge drive - a storage device, like a hard
drive, in which the medium is a cartridge that
can be removed.
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 6
www.govtonlineexam.com
CD-ROM - an acronym for Compact Disc Read-
Only Memory.
Chooser - A desk accessory used to select a
printer, or other external device, or to log onto
a network.
Clipboard - A portion of memory where the
Mac temporarily stores information. Called a
Copy Buffer in many PC applications because it
is used to hold information which is to be
moved, as in word processing where text is
"cut" and then "pasted".
Clock Rate (MHz) - The instruction processing
speed of a computer measured in millions of
cycles per second (i.e., 200 MHz).
command - the act of giving an instruction to
your Mac either by menu choice or keystroke.
command (apple) key - a modifier key, the
Command key used in conjunction with another
keystroke to active some function on the Mac.
compiler - a program the converts
programming code into a form that can be used
by a computer.
compression - a technique that reduces the size
of a saved file by elimination or encoding
redundancies (i.e., JPEG, MPEG, LZW, etc.)
control key - seldom used modifier key on the
Mac.
control panel - a program that allows you to
change settings in a program or change the way
a Mac looks and/or behaves.
CPU - the Central Processing Unit. The
processing chip that is the "brains" of a
computer.
crash - a system malfunction in which the
computer stops working and has to be
restarted.
cursor - The pointer, usually arrow or cross
shaped, which is controlled by the mouse.
daisy chaining - the act of stringing devices
together in a series (such as SCSI).
database - an electronic list of information that
can be sorted and/or searched.
data - (the plural of datum) information
processed by a computer.
defragment - (also - optimize) to concatenate
fragments of data into contiguous blocks in
memory or on a hard drive.
desktop - 1. the finder. 2. the shaded or colored
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
backdrop of the screen.
desktop file - an invisible file in which the
Finder stores a database of information about
files and icons.
dialog box - an on-screen message box that
appears when the Mac requires additional
information before completing a command.
digitize - to convert linear, or analog, data into
digital data which can be used by the computer.
disk - a spinning platter made of magnetic or
optically etched material on which data can be
stored.
disk drive - the machinery that writes the data
from a disk and/or writes data to a disk.
disk window - the window that displays the
contents or directory of a disk.
document - a file you create, as opposed to the
application which created it.
DOS - acronym for Disk Operating System - used
in IBM PCs.
DPI - acronym for Dots Per Inch - a gauge of
visual clarity on the printed page or on the
computer screen.
download - to transfer data from one computer
to another. (If you are on the receiving end, you
are downloading. If you are on the sending end,
you are uploading ).
drag - to move the mouse while its button is
being depressed.
drag and drop - a feature on the Mac which
allows one to drag the icon for a document on
top of the icon for an application, thereby
launching the application and opening the
document.
driver - a file on a computer which tells it how
to communicate with an add-on piece of
equipment (like a printer).
Ethernet - a protocol for fast communication
and file transfer across a network.
expansion slot - a connector inside the
computer which allows one to plug in a printed
circuit board that provides new or enhanced
features.
extension - a startup program that runs when
you start the Mac and then enhances its
function.
fibre channel - as applied to data storage and
network topology
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 7
www.govtonlineexam.com
file - the generic word for an application,
document, control panel or other computer
data.
finder - The cornerstone or home-base
application in the Mac environment. The finder
regulates the file management functions of the
Mac (copying, renaming, deleting...)
floppy - a 3.5 inch square rigid disk which holds
data. (so named for the earlier 5.25 and 8 inch
disks that were flexible).
folder - an electronic subdirectory which
contains files.
font - a typeface that contains the characters of
an alphabet or some other letterforms.
footprint - The surface area of a desk or table
which is occupied by a piece of equipment.
fragmentation - The breaking up of a file into
many separate locations in memory or on a
disk.
freeze - a system error which causes the cursor
to lock in place.
get info - a Finder File menu command that
presents an information window for a selected
file icon.
gig - a gigabyte = 1024 megabytes.
hard drive - a large capacity storage device
made of multiple disks housed in a rigid case.
head crash - a hard disk crash caused by the
heads coming in contact with the spinning
disk(s).
high density disk - a 1.4 MB floppy disk.
highlight - to select by clicking once on an icon
or by highlighting text in a document.
icon - a graphic symbol for an application, file or
folder.
initialize - to format a disk for use in the
computer; creates a new directory and arranges
the tracks for the recording of data.
insertion point - in word processing, the short
flashing marker which indicates where your
next typing will begin.
installer - software used to install a program on
your hard drive.
interrupt button - a tool used by programmers
to enter the debugging mode. The button is
usually next to the reset button.
K - short for kilobyte.
keyboard shortcut - a combination of
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
keystrokes that performs some function
otherwise found in a pulldown menu.
kilobyte - 1024 bytes.
landscape - in printing from a computer, to
print sideways on the page.
launch - start an application.
Measurements (summary) -
*a bit = one binary digit (1 or 0) *"bit" is derived
from the contraction b'it (binary digit) -> 8 bits =
one byte
*1024 bytes = one kilobyte
*K = kilobyte
*Kb = kilobit
*MB = megabyte
*Mb = megabit
*MB/s = megabytes per second
*Mb/s = megabits per second
*bps = bits per second
i.e., 155 Mb/s = 19.38 MB/s
MB - short for megabyte.
megabyte - 1024 kilobytes.
memory - the temporary holding area where
data is stored while it is being used or changed;
the amount of RAM a computer has installed.
menu - a list of program commands listed by
topic.
menu bar - the horizontal bar across the top of
the Mac¹s screen that lists the menus.
multi finder - a component of System 6 that
allows the Mac to multi task.
multi tasking - running more than one
application in memory at the same time.
nanosecond - one billionth of a second. ( or, the
time between the theatrical release of a Dudley
Moore film and the moment it begins to play on
airplanes).
native mode - using the computers original
operating system; most commonly used when
talking about the PowerPC can run software
written for either the 80x0 systems, or the
PowerPC¹s RISC code.
NuBus - expansion slots on the Mac which
accept intelligent, self-configuring boards.
NuBus is a different bus achitecture than the
newer PCI bus and the boards are not
interchangable.
operating system - the system software that
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 8
www.govtonlineexam.com
controls the computer.
optical disk - a high-capacity storage medium
that is read by a laser light.
palette - a small floating window that contains
tools used in a given application.
partition - a subdivision of a hard drives surface
that is defined and used as a separate drive.
paste - to insert text, or other material, from
the clipboard or copy buffer.
PC - acronym for personal computer, commonly
used to refer to an IBM or IBM clone computer
which uses DOS.
PCI - acronym for Peripheral Component
Interchange - the newer, faster bus achitecture.
peripheral - an add-on component to your
computer.
point - (1/72") 12 points = one pica in printing.
pop-up menu - any menu that does not appear
at the top of the screen in the menu bar. (may
pop up or down)
port - a connection socket, or jack on the Mac.
Power PC - a processing chip designed by Apple,
IBM and Motorola (RISC based).
Power Mac - a family of Macs built around the
PowerPC chip.
print spooler - a program that stores
documents to be printed on the hard drive,
thereby freeing the memory up and allowing
other functions to be performed while printing
goes on in the background.
QuickTime - the Apple system extension that
gives one the ability to compress, edit and play
animation, movies and sound on the Mac.
RAM - acronym for Random-Access Memory.
reset switch - a switch on the Mac that restarts
the computer in the event of a crash or freeze.
resize box - the small square at the lower right
corner of a window which, when dragged,
resizes the window.
RISC - acronym for Reduced Instruction Set
Computing; the smaller set of commands used
by the PowerPC and Power Mac.
ROM - acronym for Read Only Memory;
memory that can only be read from and not
written to.
root directory - the main hard drive window.
save - to write a file onto a disk.
save as - (a File menu item) to save a previously
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
saved file in a new location and/or with a new
name.
scroll - to shift the contents of a window to
bring hidden items into view.
scroll bar - a bar at the bottom or right side of a
window that contains the scroll box and allows
scrolling.
scroll box - the box in a scroll bar that is used to
navigate through a window.
SCSI - acronym for Small Computer System
Interface.
SCSI address - a number between zero and
seven that must be unique to each device in a
SCSI chain. Fast and Wide SCSI devices will allow
up to 15 SCSI Ids (hexidecimal); however, the
length restriction (3 meters) is such that it is
virtually impossible to link 15 devices together.
SCSI port - a 25 pin connector on the back of a
Mac (native SCSI port); used to connect SCSI
devices to the CPU. Some SCSI cards (like the
ATTO) have a 68 pin connector.
SCSI terminator - a device placed at the end of
a SCSI chain to complete the circuit. (some SCSI
devices are self-terminating, or have active
termination and do not require this plug).
serial port - a port that allows data to be
transmitted in a series (one after the other),
such as the printer and modem ports on a Mac.
server - a central computer dedicated to
sending and receiving data from other
computers (on a network).
shut down - the command from the Special
menu that shuts down the Mac safely.
software - files on disk that contain instructions
for a computer.
spreadsheet - a program designed to look like
an electronic ledger.
start up disk - the disk containing system
software and is designated to be used to start
the computer.
surge suppressor - a power strip that has
circuits designed to reduce the effects of surge
in electrical power. (not the same as a UPS)
System file - a file in the System folder that
allows your Mac to start and run.
System folder - an all-important folder that
contains at least the System file and the Finder.
32 bit addressing - a feature that allows the
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 9
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

Mac to recognize and use more than 8MB of ABBREVIATIONS -1

memory.
title bar - the horizontal bar at the top of a
window which has the name of the file or folder File Name and Extension
it represents. API - Application Program Interface.
upload - to send a file from one computer to ART - Clipart.
another through a network. ASC - ASCII text file.
Uninterruptible Power Source (UPS)- a ASM - Assembler code.
constantly charging battery pack which powers ASP - Microsoft Active Server Page.
the computer. A UPS should have enough AVI - Audio/Video Interleaved used for
charge to power your computer for several Windows based movies.
minutes in the event of a total power failure, BAK - Backup Files.
giving you time to save your work and safely BAS - BASIC programming language sourcecode.
shut down. BAT - MS-DOS batch file.
UPS - acronym for Uninterruptible Power BFC - Briefcase document used in Windows.
Source. BIN - Binary File.
vaporware - "software" advertised, and BIN - MacBinary-encoded files.
sometimes sold, that does not yet exist in a BMP - Bitmap format.
releasable for. C - C source file.
virtual memory - using part of your hard drive CBL - Cobol code.
as though it were "RAM". CBT - Computer Based Training.
WORM - acronym for Write Once-Read Many; CDA - Compact Disc Audio Track.
an optical disk that can only be written to once CGI - Common Gateway Interface. Web based
(like a CD-ROM). programs and scripts.
zoom box - a small square in the upper right CHM - Compiled HTML Help files used by
corner of a window which, when clicked, will Windows.
expand the window to fill the whole screen. CLASS - Javascript Class file.
CMD - Dos Command File.
COM - Command File.
CPL - Control panel item - The settings in
Control Panels represent
CPP - C++ programming language source code.
CSS - Cascading Style Sheet. Creates a common
style reference for a set of web pages.
CSV - Comma Separated Values format.
CUR - Cursor in Microsoft Windows.
DAT - Data file.
DD - Compressed Archive by Macintosh
DiskDoubler.
DEB - Debian packages.
DEV - Device Driver.
DIC - Dictionary file.
DIR - Macromedia Director file.
DLL - Dynamic Linked Library. Microsoft
application file.

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 10
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

ABBREVIATIONS -2 DAT - Digital Audio Tape.

DOS - Disk Operating System.
GUI -Graphical User Interface.
VIRUS - Vital Information Resource
HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
UnderSeized.
IP - Internet Protocol.
3G -3rd Generation.
ISP - Internet Service Provider.
GSM - Global System for Mobile
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol.
Communication.
UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply.
CDMA - Code Divison Multiple Access.
HSDPA - High Speed Downlink Packet Access.
UMTS – Universal MobileTelecommunication
EDGE - Enhanced Data Rate for
System.
GSM – Global System for Mobile
SIM - Subscriber Identity Module .
Communication] Evolution.
AVI = Audio Video Interleave
VHF - Very High Frequency.
RTS = Real Time Streaming
UHF - Ultra High Frequency.
SIS = Symbian OS Installer File
GPRS - General Packet Radio Service.
AMR = Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec
WAP - Wireless Application Protocol.
JAD = Java Application Descriptor
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
JAR = Java Archive
ARPANET – Advanced Research Project Agency
JAD = Java Application Descriptor
Network.
3GPP = 3rd Generation Partnership Project
IBM - International Business Machines.
3GP = 3rd Generation Project
HP - Hewlett Packard
MP3 = MPEG player lll
AM/FM - Amplitude/ Frequency Modulation.
MP4 = MPEG-4 video file
WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
AAC = Advanced Audio Coding
GIF= Graphic Interchangeable Format
JPEG = Joint Photographic Expert Group
BMP = Bitmap
SWF = Shock Wave Flash
WMV = Windows Media Video
WMA = Windows Media Audio
WAV = Waveform Audio
PNG = Portable Network Graphics
DOC = Document (MicrosoftCorporation)
PDF = Portable Document Format
M3G = Mobile 3D Graphics
M4A = MPEG-4 Audio File
NTH = Nokia Theme (series 40)
THM = Themes (Sony Ericsson)
MMF = Synthetic Music Mobile Application File
NRT = Nokia Ringtone
XMF = Extensible Music File
WBMP = Wireless Bitmap Image
DVX = DivX Video
HTML = Hyper Text Markup Language
WML = Wireless Markup Language
CD -Compact Disk.
DVD - Digital Versatile Disk.
CRT - Cathode Ray Tube.

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 11
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

MICROSOFT EXCEL SHORTCUT KEYS Ctrl + Page Move between Excel work sheets
down in the same Excel document.
F2 Edit the selected cell. Move between Two or more open
Ctrl + Tab
Go to a specific cell. For example, Excel files.
F5
C6. Create a formula to sum all of the
Alt + =
Spell check selected text or
above cells
F7
document. Insert the value of the above cell
Ctrl + '
F11 Create chart. into cell currently selected.

Ctrl + Shift Ctrl + Shift

Enter the current time. Format number in comma format.
+; +!

Ctrl + ; Enter the current date. Ctrl + Shift Format number in currency
+$ format.
Alt + Shift
Insert New Worksheet. Ctrl + Shift
+ F1 Format number in date format.
+#
Shift + F3 Open the Excel formula window.
Ctrl + Shift Format number in percentage
Shift + F5 Bring up search box. +% format.

Ctrl + A Select all contents of the worksheet. Ctrl + Shift Format number in scientific
+^ format.
Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + Shift
Ctrl + I Italic highlighted selection. Format number in time format.
+@
Ctrl + K Insert link. Ctrl +
Move to next section of text.
Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection. Arrow key

Strikethrough highlighted Ctrl +

Ctrl + 5 Select entire column.
selection. Space

Bring up the print dialog box to Shift +

Ctrl + P Select entire row.
begin printing. Space

Ctrl + Z Undo last action.

Ctrl + F9 Minimize current window.

Maximize currently selected

Ctrl + F10
window.

Switch between open workbooks /

Ctrl + F6
windows.

Ctrl + Page Move between Excel work sheets

up in the same Excel document.

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 12
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

MICROSOFT WORD SHORTCUT KEYS Ctrl + ] Increase selected font +1pts.

Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt

Adds or removes 6pts of spacing Ctrl + Shift
Ctrl + 0 or lower, if above 12 decreases
before a paragraph. +<
font by +2pt.
Ctrl + A Select all contents of the page. Ctrl + [ Decrease selected font -1pts.
Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + / + c Insert a cent sign (¢).
Ctrl + C Copy selected text.
Insert a character with an accent
Aligns the line or selected text to (grave) mark, where is the
Ctrl + E character you want. For example, if
the center of the screen.
you wanted an accented è you
Ctrl + ' +
Ctrl + F Open find box. would use Ctrl + ' + e as your
shortcut key. To reverse the accent
Ctrl + I Italic highlighted selection. mark use the opposite accent
Aligns the selected text or line to mark, often on the tilde key.
Ctrl + J
justify the screen. Ctrl + Shift View or hide non printing
Ctrl + K Insert link. +* characters.

Aligns the line or selected text to Ctrl + Moves one word to the left.
Ctrl + L
the left of the screen. Ctrl + Moves one word to the right.
Ctrl + M Indent the paragraph. Moves to the beginning of the line
Ctrl +
Ctrl + P Open the print window. or paragraph.

Aligns the line or selected text to Ctrl + Moves to the end of the paragraph.
Ctrl + R
the right of the screen. Ctrl + Del Deletes word to right of cursor.
Ctrl + T Create a hanging indent. Ctrl +
Deletes word to left of cursor.
Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection. Backspace

Ctrl + V Paste.
Moves the cursor to the end of the
Ctrl + End
document.
Ctrl + X Cut selected text.
Ctrl + Moves the cursor to the beginning
Ctrl + Y Redo the last action performed. Home of the document.

Ctrl + Z Undo last action. Ctrl + Reset highlighted text to the default
Spacebar font.
Ctrl + Shift
Quickly create a bullet point. Ctrl + 1 Single-space lines.
+L

Ctrl + Shift Ctrl + 2 Double-space lines.

Change the font.
+F
Ctrl + 5 1.5-line spacing.
Ctrl + Shift Increase selected font +1pts up to
+> 12pt and then increases font +2pts. Ctrl + Alt +
Changes text to heading 1.
1

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 13
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

Ctrl + Alt + Shift + Alt

Changes text to heading 2. Insert the current date.
2 +D

Ctrl + Alt + Shift + Alt

Changes text to heading 3. Insert the current time.
3 +T

Alt + Ctrl +
Open new document.
F2
FUNCTION KEYS - F1 TO F12
Ctrl + F1 Open the Task Pane.

Ctrl + F2 Display the print preview. F1 : Almost always used as the help key, almost
every program will open the help screen when
Ctrl + Shift Increases the highlighted text size this key is pressed.
+> by one. Windows Key + F1 would open the Microsoft
Windows help and support center.
Ctrl + Shift Decreases the highlighted text size Open the Task Pane.
+< by one. F2 : In Windows commonly used to rename a
highlighted icon or file.
Ctrl + Shift Opens to another open Microsoft
Alt + Ctrl + F2 opens a new document in
+ F6 Word document.
Microsoft Word.
Ctrl + Shift Ctrl + F2 displays the print preview window in
Prints the document. Microsoft Word.
+ F12
F3 : Often opens a search feature for many
F1 Open Help. programs including Micr osoft Windows.
Shift + F3 will change the text in Microsoft Word
Repeat the last action performed
F4 from upper to lower case or a capital letter at
(Word 2000+)
the beginning of every word.
Open the find, replace, and go to F4 : Open find window.
F5 Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+)
window in Microsoft Word.
Alt + F4 will close the program currently active
Spellcheck and grammar check in Microsoft Windows.
F7
selected text or document. Ctrl + F4 will close the open window within the
current active window in Microsoft Windows.
F12 Save as.
F5 : In all modern Internet browsers pressing F5
Change the text in Microsoft Word will refresh or reload the page or document
from uppercase to lowercase or a window.
Shift + F3 Open the find, replace, and go to window in
capital letter at the beginning of
every word. Microsoft Word.
Starts a slideshow in PowerPoint.
Runs a Thesaurus check on the F6 : Move the cursor to the Address bar in
Shift + F7
word highlighted. Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox.
Ctrl + Shift + F6 opens to another open
Shift + F12 Save. Microsoft Word document.
Shift + Create a soft break instead of a new F7 : Commonly used to spell check and
Enter paragraph. grammar check a document in Microsoft
programs such as Microsoft Word, Outlook, etc.
Shift + Shift + F7 runs a Thesaurus check on the word
Paste.
Insert highlighted.

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 14
www.govtonlineexam.com
Turns on Caret browsing in Mozilla Firefox.
F8 : Function key used to enter the Windows
startup menu, commonly use to get into
Windows Safe Mode.
F9 : Opens the Measurements toolbar in Quark
5.0.
F10 : In Microsoft Windows activates the menu
bar of an open application.
Shift + F10 is the same as right-clicking on a
highlighted icon, file, or Internet link.
F11 : Full-screen mode in all modern Internet
browsers.
F12 : Open the Save as window in Microsoft
Word.
Shift + F12 save the Microsoft Word document.
Ctrl + Shift + F12 prints a document in Microsoft
Word.
INTERNET ERROR CODES...!!!
Error 400 - Bad request.
Error 401 - unauthorized request.
Error 403 - forbidden.
Error 404 - Not found.
Error 500 -Internal error.
Error 501 - Not Implemented
Error 502 - Bad Gateway
Error 503 -Service unavailable.
Error 504 - Gateway Time-Out
Error 505 - HTTP Version not supported/ DNS
Lookup Fail/unknown host
Error 500-599 - Server Errors.
ABBREVIATION OF MAJOR IT
COMPANIES.......!!!
GOOGLE :- Global Organisation Of Oriented
Group Language of Earth
APPLE:- Asian Passenger Payload Experiment
HP :- Hewlett-Packard
IBM:- International Business Machines
Corporation
HCL:-Hindustan Computer Limited
WIPRO:- Western India Product Limited
GE:-General Electronics
INFOSYS:-Inform ation System
Computer Handbook For Bank Exam
TCS:- Tata Consultancy Services
AOL:- American Online
BPL:- British Process Laboratory
INTEL:- Integrated Electronics
CISCO:- Computer Information System
Company
DELL:- michael DELL
SONY:-Sound Of New York
AMD:- Advance micro devices
LENOVO:- LE(Legend),NOVO (New)
COMPAQ:- Compatibility And Quality
NETWORK HARDWARE
Network Interface Cards
A network card, network adapter or NIC
(network interface card) is a piece of computer
hardware designed to allow computers to
communicate over a computer network. It
provides physical access to a networking
medium and often provides a low-level
addressing system through the use of MAC
addresses. It allows users to connect to each
other either by using cables or wirelessly.
Repeaters
A repeater is an electronic device that receives
a signal and re- transmits it at a higher level or
higher power, or onto the other side of an
obstruction, so that the signal can cover longer
distances without degradation
Hubs
A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet
arrives at one port, it is copied to all the ports of
the hub. When the packets are copied, the
destination address in the frame does not
change to a broadcast address. It does this in a
rudimentary way, it simply copies the data to all
of the Nodes connected to the hub.
Bridges
A network bridge connects multiple network
segments at the data link layer (layer 2) of the
OSI model. Bridges do not promiscuously copy
traffic to all ports, as hubs do, but learns which
MAC addresses are reachable through specific
ports. Once the bridge associates a port and an
address, it will send traffic for that address only
www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 15
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

to that port. Bridges do send broadcasts to all Computer Awareness Questions Set- 1
ports except the one on which the broadcast
was received. 1. Information on a computer is stored as what?
Routers (A) Analog data
Routers are networking devices that forward (B) Digital data
data packets between networks using headers (C) Modem data
and forwarding tables to determine the best (D) Watts data
path to forward the packets. Routers work at (E) None of these
the network layer of the TCP/IP model or layer Ans : (B)
3 of the OSI model. Routers also provide
interconnectivity between like and unlike media 2. C, BASIC, COBOL and Java are examples of
(RFC 1812). This is accomplished by examining ……… languages.
the Header of a data packet, and making a (A) low-level
decision on the next hop to which it should be (B) computer
sent (RFC 1812) They use preconfigured static (C) system programming
routes, status of their hardware interfaces, and (D) high-level
routing protocols to select the best route (E) None of these
between any two subnets. A router is Ans : (D)
connected to at least two networks, commonly
two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's 3. Most Web sites have a main page, the ………,
network. Some DSL and cable modems, for which acts as a doorway to the rest of the Web
home use, have been integrated with routers to site pages.
allow multiple home computers to access the (A) search engine
Internet. (B) home page
(C) browser
(D) URL
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)

4. An email account includes a storage area,

often called a(n)—
(A) attachment
(B) hyperlink
(C) mailbox
(D) IP address
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)

5. The ……… is the box that houses the most

important parts of a computer system.
(A) software
(B) hardware
(C) input device
(D) system unit
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 16
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

6. What type of computer could be found in a 11. A computer ……… consists of two or more
digital watch ? computers and other devices that are
(A) Mainframe computer connected for the purpose of sharing data and
(B) Supercomputer programs.
(C) Embedded computer (A) network
(D) Notebook computer (B) system
(E) None of these (C) workstation
Ans : (C) (D) device
(E) None of these
7. What is a modem connected to ? Ans : (A)
(A) Processor
(B) Mother board 12. The taskbar is located—
(C) Printer (A) on the Start menu
(D) Phone line (B) at the bottom of the screen
(E) None of these (C) on the Quick Launch toolbar
Ans : (D) (D) at the top of the screen
(E) None of these
8. A(n) ……… is a collection of information that Ans : (B)
determines which files you can access and
which settings you use. 13. Once information is input into a computer,
(A) network it becomes—
(B) user account (A) objects
(C) operating system (B) data
(D) file system (C) ideas
(E) None of these (D) facts
Ans : (B) (E) None of these
Ans : (B)
9. The space in your computer that loads and
works with data— 14. Generally, you access the Recycle Bin
(A) cache memory through an icon located—
(B) CPU (A) on the desktop
(C) megabyte (B) on the hard drive
(D) RAM memory (C) on the shortcut menu
(E) ROM memory (D) in the Properties dialog box
Ans : (D) (E) None of these
Ans : (A)
10. ……… hard drives are permanently located
inside the system unit and are not designed to 15. Computer programs are written in a high-
be removed, unless they need to be repaired or level programming language; however, the
replaced. humanreadable version of a program is called—
(A) Static (A) cache
(B) Internal (B) instruction set
(C) External (C) source code
(D) Remove (D) word size
(E) None of these (E) None of these
Ans : (B) Ans : (C)

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 17
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

16. The Recycle Bin stores discarded items (C) differential

until— (D) full
(A) another user logs on (E) None of these
(B) the computer is shut down Ans : (D)
(C) the end of the day
(D) you empty it 22. Every component of your computer is
(E) None of these either—
Ans : (D) (A) application software or system software
(B) software or CPU/RAM
17. A ……… is a collection of information saved (C) hardware or software
as a unit. (D) input devices or output devices
(A) folder (E) None of these
(B) file Ans : (C)
(C) path
(D) file extension 23. A blinking symbol on the screen that shows
(E) None of these where the next character will appear—
Ans : (B) (A) delete key
(B) arrow key
18. Input, output, and processing devices (C) cursor
grouped together represent a(n)— (D) return key
(A) mobile device (E) Esc key
(B) information processing cycle Ans : (C)
(C) circuit board
(D) computer system 24. Being ……… means being familiar enough
(E) None of these with computers that you understand their
Ans : (D) capabilities and limitations.
(A) computer literate
19. One thousand bytes is a— (B) computer competent
(A) kilobyte (C) computer savvy
(B) megabyte (D) technology literate
(C) gigabyte (E) None of these
(D) terabyte Ans : (A)
(E) None of these
Ans : (E) 25. Which of the following could you do to
remove a paragraph from a report you had
20. What part of the computer provides only written ?
temporary storage of files ? (A) Delete and edit
(A) ROM memory (B) Copy and paste
(B) RAM memory (C) Cut and paste
(C) Hard drive (D) Undo typing
(D) Mother board (E) Highlight and delete
(E) Processor Ans : (E)
Ans : (B)
26. The computer monitor is which type of
21. A(n) ……… backup contains a copy of every device ?
program, data, and system file on a computer. (A) Scanning
(A) restoration (B) Input
(B) bootstrap (C) Processor

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 18
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

(D) Software (A) a copy is automatically printed

(E) Output (B) file name and folder name must be the same
Ans : (E) (C) it does not need a name
(D) it only needs a name if it is not going to be
27. The arrow keys can be used to— printed
(A) delete text (E) it must be given a name to identify it
(B) move the cursor in the text that has already Ans : (E)
been entered
(C) save the document 33. Example of non-numeric data is—
(D) move the cursor while deleting text (A) Employee Name
(E) None of these (B) Test score
Ans : (B) (C) Bank Account No.
(D) All of these
28. Numbers in table columns are usually— (E) None of these
(A) right-aligned Ans : (A)
(B) left-aligned
(C) justified 34. Which type of file is created by word
(D) centered processing programs ?
(E) None of these (A) Database file
Ans : (A) (B) Storage file
(C) Worksheet file
29. To indent the first paragraph of your report, (D) Document file
you should use this key— (E) Graphical file
(A) esc Ans : (D)
(B) space bar
(C) return key 35. The information you put into the computer
(D) shift key is called—
(E) tab key (A) directory
Ans : (E) (B) facts
(C) data
30. Each box in a spreadsheet is called a— (D) files
(A) cell (E) output
(B) empty space Ans : (C)
(C) record
(D) field 36. This can be another word for program—
(E) table (A) peripheral
Ans : (A) (B) disk
(C) floppy
31. A small picture that represents something (D) hardware
on your screen…such as a(n)— (E) software
(A) table Ans : (E)
(B) application
(C) photo 37. If a previously saved file is edited—
(D) modem (A) it cannot be saved again
(E) icon (B) the changes will automatically be saved in
Ans : (E) the file
(C) the file will only have to be saved again if it
32. When a file is saved for the first time— is more than one page in length

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 19
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

(D) its name must be changed

(E) the file must be saved again to store the 2. A ……… is the term used when a search
changes engine returns a Web page that matches the
Ans : (E) search criteria.
(A) blog
38. Mr. XYZ wants to send an electronic (B) hit
message to a friend. He should use this type of (C) link
application— (D) view
(A) word processing (E) success
(B) email Ans : (C)
(C) spreadsheet
(D) paper and pencil 3. The ……… is the term used to describe the
(E) None of these window that is currently being used.
Ans : (B) (A) Web Window
(B) display area
39. To print a document— (C) WordPad Window
(A) select the Print command and then select (D) active window
OK (E) monitor
(B) select the Ready Printer command then Ans : (D)
select OK
(C) type PRINT and then press Enter 4. CPU is an abbreviation for—
(D) close the document, select the Print (A) central programming unit
command, then select OK (B) central processing unit
(E) None of these (C) computer processing unit
Ans : (A) (D) computer protocol unit
(E) central protocol unit
40. Each ……… on a menu performs a specific Ans : (B)
action.
(A) client 5. A microprocessor is the brain of the
(B) server computer and is also called a(n)—
(C) node (A) microchip
(D) command (B) macrochip
(E) folder (C) macroprocessor
Ans : (D) (D) calculator
(E) software
Computer Awareness Questions Set -2 Ans : (A)

1. Which of the following are advantages of CD- 6. Storage and memory differ with respect to
ROM as a storage media ? which of the following characteristics ?
(A) CD-ROM is an inexpensive way to store large (A) Price
amount of data and information (B) Reliability
(B) CD-ROM disks retrieve data and information (C) Speed
more quickly than magnetic disks do (D) All of these
(C) CD-ROMs make less errors than magnetic (E) None of these
media Ans : (D)
(D) All of these
(E) None of these 7. What are two examples of freeware ?
Ans : (D) (A) WinZip and Linux

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 20
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

(B) Shareware and file sharing 12. Which media have the ability to have
(C) Microsoft Word and the Google toolbar data/information stored (written) on them by
(D) Instant messaging and the Google toolbar users more than once ?
(E) Microsoft Power Point and Microsoft Excel (A) CD-R disks
Ans : (D) (B) CD-RW disks
(C) Zip disks
8. If a disk drive fails but the computer (D) OptiDisks
application running and using it can continue (E) Both CD-RW disks and Zip disks
processing, this application is said to have been Ans : (A)
designed with this feature—
(A) 100 per cent uptime 13. The process of transferring files from a
(B) fault tolerance computer on the Internet to your computer is
(C) high reliability called—
(D) All of these (A) downloading
(E) None of these (B) uploading
Ans : (B) (C) FTP
(D) JPEG
9. What is e-commerce ? (E) downsizing
(A) Buying and selling international goods Ans : (C)
(B) Buying and selling products and services
over the Internet 14. The………controls a client computer’s
(C) Buying and selling products and services not resources.
found in stores (A) application program
(D) Buying and selling products having to do (B) instruction set
with computers (C) operating system
(E) Buying and selling of electronic goods (D) server application
Ans : (B) (E) compiler
Ans : (D)
10. What are the four things needed to connect
to the Internet ? 15. To reload a Web page, press the ………
(A) Telephone line, modem, computer, and an button.
ISP (A) Redo
(B) Modem, computer, PDA and ISP (B) Reload
(C) Telephone line, PDA, modem and computer (C) Restore
(D) Computer, ISP, modem and communication (D) Ctrl
software (E) Refresh
(E) Monitor, keyboard, mouse, modem Ans : (E)
Ans : (A)
16. Which of the following could be digital input
11. Which of the following functions devices for computers ?
are not performed by servers ? (A) Digital camcorder
(A) Email processing (B) Microphone
(B) Database sharing (C) Scanner
(C) Processing Web sites (D) All of the above
(D) Storage (E) None of these
(E) Word processing Ans : (D)
Ans : (E)

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 21
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

17. The………enables you to simultaneously keep 22. The collection of links throughout the
multiple Web pages open in one browser Internet creates an interconnected network
window. called the—
(A) tab box (A) WWW
(B) pop-up helper (B) Web
(C) tab row (C) World Wide Web
(D) address bar (D) All of the above
(E) Esc key (E) Wide Area Web
Ans : (A) Ans : (D)

18. You can use the………bar to type a URL and 23. Every computer has a(n) ………;
display a Web page, or type a keyword to many also have.
display a list of related Web pages. (A) operating system, a client system
(A) menu (B) operating system; instruction sets
(B) Title (C) application programs; an operating system
(C) Search (D) application programs; a client system
(D) Web (E) operating system; application programs
(E) Address Ans : (E)
Ans : (E)
24. Main memory works in conjunction with—
19. Storage media such as a CD read and write (A) special function cards
information using— (B) RAM
(A) a laser beam of red light (C) CPU
(B) magnetic dots (D) Intel
(C) magnetic strips (E) All of these
(D) All of these Ans : (C)
(E) None of these
Ans : (D) 25. A sales clerk at a checkout counter scanning
a tag on an item rather than keying it into the
20. Vendor-created program modifications are system, is using—
called— (A) input automation
(A) patches (B) item data automation
(B) antiviruses (C) scanning automation
(C) holes (D) source data automation
(D) fixes (E) None of these
(E) overlaps Ans : (C)
Ans : (D)
26. A(n)……is composed of several computers
21. Cache and main memory will lose their connected together to share resources and
contents when the power is off. They are— data.
(A) dynamic (A) Internet
(B) static (B) network
(C) volatile (C) backbone
(D) non-volatile (D) hyperlink
(E) faulty (E) protocol
Ans : (C) Ans : (B)

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 22
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

27. Which of the following is a storage device send.

that uses rigid, permanently installed magnetic (A) Inbox
disks to store data/information— (B) Outbox
(A) floppy diskette (C) Drafts
(B) hard disk (D) Sent Items
(C) permanent disk (E) Address Book
(D) optical disk Ans : (C)
(E) None of these
Ans : (B) 33. Which of the following is an example of an
optical disk ?
28. Microsoft Office is an example of a— (A) Digital versatile disks
(A) closed-source software (B) Magnetic disks
(B) open-source software (C) Memory disks
(C) horizontal-market software (D) Data bus disks
(D) vertical-market software (E) None of these
(E) compiler Ans : (A)
Ans : (A)
34. The main job of a CPU is to—
29. A popular way to learn about computers (A) carry out program instructions
without ever going to a classroom is called— (B) store data/information for future use
(A) i-learning (C) process data and information
(B) isolated learning (D) Both (A) and (C)
(C) e-learning (E) None of these
(D) close learning Ans : (D)
(E) Distance Learning
Ans : (C) 35. ……are attempts by individuals to obtain
confidential information from you by falsifying
30. A person who used his or her expertise to their identity.
gain access to other people’s computers to get (A) Phishing trips
information illegally or do damage is a— (B) Computer viruses
(A) spammer (C) Spyware scams
(B) hacker (D) Viruses
(C) instant messenger (E) Phishing scams
(D) programmer Ans : (E)
(E) analyst
Ans : (B) 36. An example of a processing device would
be—
31. Which of the following is an example of (A) a magnetic ink reader
storage devices ? (B) a tablet PC
(A) Magnetic disks (C) special function cards
(B) Tapes (D) scanners
(C) DVDs (E) keyboards
(D) All of these Ans : (B)
(E) None of these
Ans : (D) 37. Which of the following is not a type of
computer software which can be bought ?
32. The………folder retains copies of messages (A) Off-the-shelf
that you have started but are not yet ready to (B) Tailor-made

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 23
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

(C) Custom-developed (B) retrieval of data or information that has

(D) Off-the-shelf with alterations been input into the computer
(E) All of these can be purchased (C) data or information that has been entered
Ans : (D) into the computer
(D) the transmission of data that has been input
38. You can use………to copy selected text, and into the computer
……… to paste it in a document. (E) Both (C) and (D) above
(A) CTRL + C, CTRL + V Ans : (E)
(B) CTRL + C, CTRL + P
(C) CTRL + S, CTRL + S 43. A ……… is a set of rules.
(D) SHIFT + C, ALT + P (A) resource locator
(E) CTRL + D, CTRL + A (B) domain
Ans : (A) (C) hypertext
(D) URL
39. Video processors consist of ……… and ……, (E) protocol
which store and process images. Ans : (E)
(A) CPU and VGA
(B) CPU and memory 44. The connection between your computer at
(C) VGA and memory home and your local ISP is called—
(D) VGI and DVI (A) the last mile
(E) VGA and VGI (B) the home stretch
Ans : (C) (C) the home page
(D) the backbone
40. The main memory of a computer can also (E) the vital mile
be called— Ans : (C)
(A) primary storage
(B) internal memory 45. All of the logic and mathematical
(C) primary memory calculations done by the computer happen
(D) All of these in/on the—
(E) None of these (A) system board
Ans : (C) (B) central control unit
(C) central processing unit
41. Computer software can be defined as— (D) mother board
(A) the computer and its associated equipment (E) memory
(B) the instructions that tell the computer what Ans : (C)
to do
(C) computer components that act to 46. There are several primary categories of
accomplish a goal procedures. Which of the following is not a
(D) an interface between the computer and the primary category of procedures ?
network (A) Testing
(E) the interaction between the computer and (B) Backup and recovery
its database (C) Firewall development
Ans : (B) (D) Design
(E) None of these
42. When speaking of computer input and Ans : (C)
output, input refers to—
(A) any data processing that occurs from new
data input into the computer

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 24
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

47. The operating system called UNIX is typically Computer Awareness Questions Set - 3
used for—
(A) desktop computers 1. All of the following are examples of
(B) laptop computers real security and privacy risks EXCEPT:
(C) supercomputers A. hackers.
(D) Web servers B. spam.
(E) All of these C. viruses.
Ans : (E) D. identity theft.
Answer: B
48. The………file format is a method of encoding
pictures on a computer. 2. A process known as ____________ is used by
(A) HTML large retailers to study trends.
(B) JPEG A. data mining
(C) FTP B. data selection
(D) URL C. POS
(E) DOC D. data conversion
Ans : (B) Answer: A

49. Press………to move the insertion point to the 3. ____________terminals (formerly known as
Address box, or to highlight the URL in the cash registers) are often connected to complex
Address box. inventory and sales computer systems.
(A) ALT + D A. Data
(B) ALT + A B. Point-of-sale (POS)
(C) SHIFT + TAB C. Sales
(D) TAB + CTRL D. Query
(E) CTRL + S Answer: B
Ans : (A)
4. A(n) ____________ system is a small,
50. Computer systems are comprised of— wireless handheld computer that scans an
(A) hardware, programs, information, people item’s tag and pulls up the current price
and networks (and any special offers) as you shop.
(B) hardware, software, procedures, networks A. PSS
and people B. POS
(C) hardware, programs, information, people C. inventory
and procedures D. data mining
(D) hardware, programs, processors, Answer: A
procedures, networks and people
(E) hardware, programs, processors, procedures 5. The ability to recover and read deleted or
and people damaged files from a criminal’s computer is
Ans : (A) an example of a law enforcement specialty
called:
A. robotics.
B. simulation.
C. computer forensics.
D. animation.
Answer: C

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 25
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

6. Which of the following is NOT one of the four B. Nanotechnology

major data processing functions of a computer? C. Simulation
A. gathering data D. Artificial intelligence (AI)
B. processing data into information Answer: D
C. analyzing the data or information
D. storing the data or information 12. ____________ is data that has been
Answer: C organized or presented in a meaningful fashion.
A. A process
7. ____________ tags, when placed on an B. Software
animal, can be used to record and track in a C. Storage
database all of the animal’s movements. D. Information
A. POS Answer: D
B. RFID
C. PPS 13. The name for the way that computers
D. GPS manipulate data into information is called:
Answer: B A. programming.
B. processing.
8. Surgeons can perform delicate operations by C. storing.
manipulating devices through computers D. organizing.
instead ofmanually. This technology is known Answer: B
as:
A. robotics. 14. Computers gather data, which means that
B. computer forensics. they allow users to ____________ data.
C. simulation. A. present
D. forecasting. B. input
Answer: A C. output
D. store
9. Technology no longer protected by copyright, Answer: B
available to everyone, is considered to be:
A. proprietary. 15. After a picture has been taken with a digital
B. open. camera and processed appropriately, the actual
C. experimental. print of the picture is considered:
D. in the public domain. A. data.
Answer: A B. output.
C. input.
10. ____________ is the study of molecules and D. the process.
structures whose size ranges from 1 to 100 Answer: B
nanometers.
A. Nanoscience 16. Computers use the ____________ language
B. Microelectrodes to process data.
C. Computer forensics A. processing
D. Artificial intelligence B. kilobyte
Answer: A C. binary
D. representational
11. ____________ is the science that attempts Answer: C
to produce machines that display the same type
of intelligence that humans do. 17. Computers process data into information by
A. Nanoscience working exclusively with:

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 26
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

A. multimedia. B. A device
B. words. C. A peripheral
C. characters. D. An application
D. numbers. Answer: A
Answer: D 24. The components that process data are
18. In the binary language each letter of the located in the:
alphabet, each number and each special A. input devices.
character is made up of a unique combination B. output devices.
of: C. system unit.
A. eight bytes. D. storage component.
B. eight kilobytes. Answer: C
C. eight characters.
D. eight bits. 25. All of the following are examples of input
Answer: D devices EXCEPT a:
A. scanner.
19. The term bit is short for: B. mouse.
A. megabyte. C. keyboard.
B. binary language. D. printer.
C. binary digit. Answer: D
D. binary number.
Answer: C 26. Which of the following is an example of an
input device?
20. A string of eight 0s and 1s is called a: A. scanner
A. megabyte. B. speaker
B. byte. C. CD
C. kilobyte. D. printer
D. gigabyte. Answer: A
Answer: B
27. All of the following are examples of storage
21. A ____________ is approximately one devices EXCEPT:
billion bytes. A. hard disk drives.
A. kilobyte B. printers.
B. bit C. floppy disk drives.
C. gigabyte D. CD drives.
D. megabyte Answer: B
Answer: C
28. The ____________, also called the
22. A ____________ is approximately a million “brains― of the computer, is responsible
bytes. for processing data.
A. gigabyte A. motherboard
B. kilobyte B. memory
C. megabyte C. RAM
D. terabyte D. central processing unit (CPU)
Answer: C Answer: D

23. ____________ is any part of the 29. The CPU and memory are located on the:
computer that you can physically touch. A. expansion board.
A. Hardware B. motherboard.

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 27
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

C. storage device. 35. Servers are computers that provide

D. output device. resources to other computers connected to a:
Answer: B A. network.
B. mainframe.
30. Word processing, spreadsheet, and photo- C. supercomputer.
editing are examples of: D. client.
A. application software. Answer: A
B. system software.
C. operating system software. 36. Smaller and less expensive PC-based servers
D. platform software. are replacing ____________ in many
Answer: A businesses.
A. supercomputers
31. ____________ is a set of computer B. clients
programs used on a computer to help perform C. laptops
tasks. D. mainframes
A. An instruction Answer: D
B. Software
C. Memory 37. ____________ are specially designed
D. A processor computers that perform complex calculations
Answer: B extremely rapidly.
A. Servers
32. System software is the set of programs that B. Supercomputers
enables your computers hardware devices and C. Laptops
____________ software to work together. D. Mainframes
A. management Answer: B
B. processing
C. utility 38. DSL is an example of a(n) ____________
D. application connection.
Answer: D A. network
B. wireless
33. The PC (personal computer) and the Apple C. slow
Macintosh are examples of two different: D. broadband
A. platforms. Answer: D
B. applications.
C. programs. 39. The difference between people with access
D. storage devices. to computers and the Internet and those
Answer: A without this access is known as the:
A. digital divide.
34. Apple Macintoshes (Macs) and PCs use B. Internet divide.
different ____________ to process data and C. Web divide.
different operating systems. D. broadband divide.
A. languages Answer: A
B. methods
C. CPUs 40. ____________ is the science revolving
D. storage devices around the use of nano structures to build
Answer: C devices on an extremely small scale.
A. Nanotechnology
B. Micro-technology

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 28
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

C. Computer forensics C. system

D. Artificial intelligence D. word-processing software
Answer: A Answer: C

41. Which of the following is the correct order 47. ____________ are specially designed
of the four major functions of a computer? computer chips that reside inside other devices,
A. Process à Output à Input à Storage such as your car or your electronic thermostat.
B. Input à Outputà Process à Storage A. Servers
C. Process à Storage à Input à Output B. Embedded computers
D. Input à Process à Output à Storage C. Robotic computers
Answer: D D. Mainframes
Answer: B
42. ____________ bits equal one byte. 48. The steps and tasks needed to process data,
A. Eight such as responses to questions or clicking an
B. Two icon, are called:
C. One thousand A. instructions.
D. One million B. the operating system.
Answer: A C. application software.
D. the system unit.
43. The binary language consists of Answer: A
____________ digit(s).
A. 8 49. The two broad categories of software are:
B. 2 A. word processing and spreadsheet.
C. 1,000 B. transaction and application.
D. 1 C. Windows and Mac OS.
Answer: B D. system and application.
Answer: D
44. A byte can hold one ____________ of data.
A. bit 50. The metal or plastic case that holds all the
B. binary digit physical parts of the computer is the:
C. character A. system unit.
D. kilobyte B. CPU.
Answer: C C. mainframe.
D. platform.
45. ____________ controls the way in Answer: A
which the computer system functions and
provides a means by which users can interact
with the computer.
A. The platform
B. The operating system
C. Application software
D. The motherboard
Answer: B

46. The operating system is the most common

type of ____________ software.
A. communication
B. application

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 29
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

Computer Awareness Questions Set – 4 digital watch ?

(A) Mainframe computer
1. Information on a computer is stored as what? (B) Supercomputer
(A) Analog data (C) Embedded computer
(B) Digital data (D) Notebook computer
(C) Modem data (E) None of these
(D) Watts data Ans :- C
(E) None of these
Ans :- B 7. What is a modem connected to ?
(A) Processor
2. C, BASIC, COBOL and Java are examples of (B) Mother board
……… languages. (C) Printer
(A) low-level (D) Phone line
(B) computer (E) None of these
(C) system programming Ans :- D
(D) high-level
(E) None of these 8. A(n) ……… is a collection of information that
Ans :- D determines which files you can access and
which settings you use.
3. Most Web sites have a main page, the ………, (A) network
which acts as a doorway to the rest of the Web (B) user account
site pages. (C) operating system
(A) search engine (D) file system
(B) home page (E) None of these
(C) browser Ans :- B
(D) URL
(E) None of these 9. The space in your computer that loads and
Ans :- B works with data—
(A) cache memory
4. An email account includes a storage area, (B) CPU
often called a(n)— (C) megabyte
(A) attachment (D) RAM memory
(B) hyperlink (E) ROM memory
(C) mailbox Ans :- D
(D) IP address
(E) None of these 10. ……… hard drives are permanently located
Ans :- C inside the system unit and are not designed to
be removed, unless they need to be repaired or
5. The ……… is the box that houses the most replaced.
important parts of a computer system. (A) Static
(A) software (B) Internal
(B) hardware (C) External
(C) input device (D) Remove
(D) system unit (E) None of these
(E) None of these Ans :- B
Ans :- D
11. A computer ……… consists of two or more
6. What type of computer could be found in a computers and other devices that are

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 30
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

connected for the purpose of sharing data and (B) the computer is shut down
programs. (C) the end of the day
(A) network (D) you empty it
(B) system (E) None of these
(C) workstation Ans :- D
(D) device
(E) None of these
Ans :- A 17. A ……… is a collection of information saved
as a unit.
12. The taskbar is located— (A) folder
(A) on the Start menu (B) file
(B) at the bottom of the screen (C) path
(C) on the Quick Launch toolbar (D) file extension
(D) at the top of the screen (E) None of these
(E) None of these Ans :- B
Ans :- B
18. Input, output, and processing devices
13. Once information is input into a computer, grouped together represent a(n)—
it becomes— (A) mobile device
(A) objects (B) information processing cycle
(B) data (C) circuit board
(C) ideas (D) computer system
(D) facts (E) None of these
(E) None of these Ans :- D
Ans :- B
19. One thousand bytes is a—
14. Generally, you access the Recycle Bin (A) kilobyte
through an icon located— (B) megabyte
(A) on the desktop (C) gigabyte
(B) on the hard drive (D) terabyte
(C) on the shortcut menu (E) None of these
(D) in the Properties dialog box Ans :- E
(E) None of these
Ans :- A 20. What part of the computer provides only
temporary storage of files ?
15. Computer programs are written in a high- (A) ROM memory
level programming language; however, the (B) RAM memory
humanreadable version of a program is called— (C) Hard drive
(A) cache (D) Mother board
(B) instruction set (E) Processor
(C) source code Ans :- B
(D) word size
(E) None of these 21. A(n) ……… backup contains a copy of every
Ans :- C program, data, and system file on a computer.
(A) restoration
16. The Recycle Bin stores discarded items (B) bootstrap
until— (C) differential
(A) another user logs on (D) full

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 31
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

(E) None of these (E) Output

Ans :- D Ans :- E

27. The arrow keys can be used to—

22. Every component of your computer is (A) delete text
either— (B) move the cursor in the text that has already
(A) application software or system software been entered
(B) software or CPU/RAM (C) save the document
(C) hardware or software (D) move the cursor while deleting text
(D) input devices or output devices (E) None of these
(E) None of these Ans :- B
Ans :- C
28. Numbers in table columns are usually—
23. A blinking symbol on the screen that shows (A) right-aligned
where the next character will appear— (B) left-aligned
(A) delete key (C) justified
(B) arrow key (D) centered
(C) cursor (E) None of these
(D) return key Ans :- A
(E) Esc key
Ans :- C 29. To indent the first paragraph of your report,
you should use this key—
24. Being ……… means being familiar enough (A) esc
with computers that you understand their (B) space bar
capabilities and limitations. (C) return key
(A) computer literate (D) shift key
(B) computer competent (E) tab key
(C) computer savvy Ans :- E
(D) technology literate
(E) None of these 30. Each box in a spreadsheet is called a—
Ans :- D (A) cell
(B) empty space
25. Which of the following could you do to (C) record
remove a paragraph from a report you had (D) field
written ? (E) table
(A) Delete and edit Ans :- A
(B) Copy and paste
(C) Cut and paste 31. A small picture that represents something
(D) Undo typing on your screen…such as a(n)—
(E) Highlight and delete (A) table
Ans :- E (B) application
(C) photo
26. The computer monitor is which type of (D) modem
device ? (E) icon
(A) Scanning Ans :- E
(B) Input
(C) Processor
(D) Software

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 32
www.govtonlineexam.com Computer Handbook For Bank Exam

32. When a file is saved for the first time— (C) the file will only have to be saved again if it
(A) a copy is automatically printed is more than one page in length
(B) file name and folder name must be the same (D) its name must be changed
(C) it does not need a name (E) the file must be saved again to store the
(D) it only needs a name if it is not going to be changes
printed Ans :- E
(E) it must be given a name to identify it
Ans :- E 38. Mr. XYZ wants to send an electronic
message to a friend. He should use this type of
33. Example of non-numeric data is— application—
(A) Employee Name (A) word processing
(B) Test score (B) email
(C) Bank Account No. (C) spreadsheet
(D) All of these (D) paper and pencil
(E) None of these (E) None of these
Ans :- A Ans :- B

34. Which type of file is created by word 39. To print a document—

processing programs ? (A) select the Print command and then select
(A) Database file OK
(B) Storage file (B) select the Ready Printer command then
(C) Worksheet file select OK
(D) Document file (C) type PRINT and then press Enter
(E) Graphical file (D) close the document, select the Print
Ans :- D command, then select OK
(E) None of these
35. The information you put into the computer Ans :- A
is called—
(A) directory 40. Each ……… on a menu performs a specific
(B) facts action.
(C) data (A) client
(D) files (B) server
(E) output (C) node
Ans :- C (D) command
(E) folder
36. This can be another word for program— Ans :- D
(A) peripheral Download EBook For UNION & Rail Budget 2014
http://www.govtonlineexam.com/govtonlineexam/pdf/EBook%20Rail%20
(B) disk &%20Union%20Budget%202014%20.pdf
(C) floppy Download EBook For Marketing Aptitude 2014
http://www.govtonlineexam.com/govtonlineexam/pdf/Marketing_Aptitud
(D) hardware e_2014.pdf
(E) software
Ans :- E

37. If a previously saved file is edited—

(A) it cannot be saved again
(B) the changes will automatically be saved in
the file

www.facebook.com/govtonlineexam 33