Module in TLEHE 8 Cosmetology and Beauty Care

MODULE
in
COSMETOLOGY and BEAUTY CARE
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PREFACE
Cosmetology and Beauty Care deals with a selected theory and manipulative skills required
as a future teacher in preparing for the K-12 curriculum. They are capable of the competencies to
take NC II. This subject deals with the basic skills associated with manicure and pedicure, hand spa,
facial treatment, performing foot spa and facial treatment, and applying daytime and evening
makeup.
This module aims to equip the students with knowledge and skills to be able to face the
changes in society that affect the family. The activities provided at the end of each lesson of
different are aimed at further reinforcing and enriching the experiences for effective and efficient
learning. It will also prepare them to become
useful and productive and responsible citizenship for tomorrow.
UNIT I. INTRODUCTION TO COSMETOLOGY
Overview
Cosmetology involves the science of improving beauty through the care and treatment of skin,
hair, nails and make up. It is also a career that are incredibly varied and many people enjoy
putting their creativity to work in helping people look their best.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the unit, I am able to;

1. Discuss the introduction of cosmetology;
2. Identify the nail structure and its function;
3. Enumerate the various diseases and disorders of the nails;
4. Explain the various diseases and disorders of the nails;
5. Identify the manicure and pedicure devices, supplies, and their applications;
SETTING UP
1. This line in the skin where the plate of nail separates from the bed of the nail.
a. Hyponichium
b. Nail Plate
c. Free Edge
d. Nail Bed
2. These are the grooves on the skin at the sides of the free edge, and the nail follows them like a
guideline when it grows.
a. Free Edge
b. Nail Grooves
c. Nail Bed
d. Matrix
3. End of the nail plate shaped during Manicure & Pedicure
a. Hyponichium
b. Nail Plate
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c. Free Edge
d. Nail Bed
4. The visible part of the nail that sits on top of the nail bed. It is made by Keratinisation; the
transformation of living cells to hard, dead cells, and it consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
sulphur and nitrogen.
a. Free Edge
b. Nail Grooves
c. Nail Bed
d. Matrix
5. The study of beauty and beauty treatment.
a. Cosmetology
b. Hair styling
c. manicure
d. Pedicure
LESSON PROPER
Lesson 1. History of Cosmetology

Cosmetology is the study of cosmetics and their application to beautify and improve the face,
hair, nails and skin. Cosmetology comes from the Greek word, “kosmetikos”, which means “skilled in
the use of cosmetics.” The history of cosmetology is long and can be traced from many important
cultures.
The beginning of the use of cosmetics can first be seen in ancient Egypt. Egyptians were the first to
pay attention to the human body and to beautify it in a grand scale. Looking beautiful was their
priority. Cosmetics were worn daily, at religious ceremonies, and in the preparation of the dead for
the afterlife. Through archaeological finds, Egyptians put makeup on their eyes, lips and skin. The
materials they used were made from minerals, berries, and insects. They colored their hair and
fingernails with rich warm and red henna stains. Egyptians were also known to be the first to use
kohl–made from a ground mix of a black mineral called galena, sulfur, and animal fat. They outlined
their eyes heavily with this mixture, which prevents the eyes from inflammations such as
conjunctivitis. Not only did the eyeliner accentuate the shape of their eyes, it also functioned to
protect the eyes from the bright sun.
In Chinese history, the Chinese nobility during the Shang Dynasty colored their nails crimson or
ebony by rubbing a mixture of gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax and egg white. Wearing cosmetics
showed status. The lower classes were not allowed to wear any cosmetics, or else they could face the
punishment of death.
Cosmetics had advanced at the beginning of Golden Age of Greece in 500 BC. The ancient Greeks
used perfumes and cosmetics in all aspects of their personal grooming, as well as in religious rites
and for medical purposes. They had developed methods to dress their hair, care for the skin and
nails. Women put white lead on their face to lighten their complexion, used kohl to outline their eyes,
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and coloured their cheeks and lips with vermillion, a powder made from grinding the mineral
cinnabar.
The ancient Roman women defined what is cosmetology by their use of natural ingredients. The
women lavished themselves with fragrances and cosmetics. Their facial makeup was made from
combinations of bread and milk, flour and milk, or flour and fresh butter. Hair colouring was also
emphasized to show their class in society. Noblewomen had their hair tinted in red, middle-class
women colored their hair in blonde, and the lowest class of women colored their hair black
In the Middle Ages, women were forbidden to wear makeup, but it never deterred them from this
fad. In fact, makeup was so important; they wore powdered white lead, which contained arsenic.
Many women died from using makeup.
The Renaissance Cosmetology, is the period in history where civilization truly modernized
cosmetology. Grooming was important, and both men and women took great care of their
appearance. Although fragrances and cosmetics were used, they were discouraged from wearing
thick applications.
While in Victorian Age Cosmetology, this period was restrictive in the use of cosmetics. Women
dressed and groomed themselves conservatively. They put on mask to preserve their facial beauty.
Mask was made from natural ingredients, such as honey, eggs, milk, oatmeal, fruits, and vegetables.
Instead of wearing lip color, women were known to pinch their cheeks and bite their lips to bring
natural color to their faces.
In 20th Century Cosmetology, Wearing makeup was trendy in the USA and Europe at this time.
The movie industry popularized cosmetics, and celebrities brought about a major influence in
defining what comprises of feminine beauty. Women were spotted with flawless complexion,
beautiful hairstyles, and manicured nails.
Today, in 21st Century cosmetology has become more specialized. Beauticians concentrate in hair
coloring or hair cutting; aestheticians focus on aesthetic and medical related services, such as plastic
surgery, and nail technicians specialize in artificial nail enhancement, nail care, and pedicures.
(Source: http://infocosmetology.blogspot.com/p/interesting-information-on-origin.html)
Today the market of beautifying agents has an alternate dynamic contrasted with the twentieth
century. A few nations are driving this economy:
Japan:
Japan is the world's second-largest market. Beautifiers in Japan has entered a period of strength in
terms of market development. Whatever the case may be, the market situation is rapidly changing.
Purchasers may now access a wealth of information on the Internet and choose from a variety of
other possibilities, bringing up a slew of chances for newcomers looking for ways to suit a variety of
client wants. Based on estimates of exports per brand maker, the size of the makeup showcase in
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2010 was 2286 billion yen. The market remained virtually unchanged from the previous year, with
a growth rate of 0.1 percent.
Cosmetology History Timeline the Ice Age
Hairstyling was introduced in Rome in 300 BC, and women used hair coloring to show their social
status: aristocrats dyed their hair red, middle-class women dyed their hair fair, and helpless women
dyed their hair dark.
The Renaissance (which began in the fourteenth century and lasted until the seventeenth century)
placed a strong emphasis on physical attractiveness.
Hair was meticulously styled, and hoods and embellishments were worn.
Barbering and medical procedures are separated by law in 1450.
Henry VIII rehired London's hair stylists and specialists by awarding a contract to the Company of
Barber-Surgeons in 1541.
Haircuts and styles were polished; executes were fashioned from sharp rocks, clamshells, or bone;
stowaway creature segments were used to tie hair back or as decoration. Ancient Egyptians used
cosmetics for personal adornment, strict functions, and incarceration services as early as 4000 BC.
1500 BC: Henna, a dye extracted from the leaves of an ornamental bush, was widely used to
give hair and nails a rosy tone.
1892: Frenchman Alexandre F. Godefroy created the hot‐blast hair dryer.
1905: Charles Nessier created the principal electric perm machine.
1906: Sarah Breedlove wedded C. J. Walker, who started selling her scalp molding and
recuperating treatment called "Madam Walker's Wonderful Hair Grower."
1910: Madam C. J. Walker moved her organization to Indianapolis where she assembled a
manufacturing plant, a beauty parlor, and a preparation school.
1932: Ralph L. Evans and Everett G. McDonough spearheaded a perm technique utilizing
outer warmth produced by a synthetic response
1941: Scientists built up the "chilly wave" or lasting wave hair. Today Hair shading, surface,
and style prevail
A beautician will be prepared to give facials and apply effective items and have some
expertise in improving and keeping up a customer's very own appearance.
Beauticians earn substantial sums of money.
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What is another word for Cosmetologist?
1. Barber 6. coiffeur “kwa-fur”
2. Stylist 7. shaver
3. haircutter 8. Hair stylist
4. hairdresser 9. beautician
5. beautician 10. Coiffeuse “kwa-fers”
NAIL STRUCTURE
Nails are one-of-a-kind structures shaped by keratin, much the same as hair and the shallow
skin layers. Nail infections differ in etiology and morphology. The most well-known sorts are
introduced here.
(Source: https://nailbees.com/nail-structure)
1. Free Edge The end of the nail plate that is

shaped during Manicure &
Pedicure
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2. The Nail Plate This is the visible part of the nail
that sits on top of the nail bed. It
is made by Keratinisation; the
transformation of living cells
into hard, dead cells, and it
consists of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen.
3. The Lunula The half-moon shaped point

where the matrix and nail bed
meet.
4. The Cuticle The overlapping skin

surrounding the nail. Its job is to
protect the matrix from being
invaded by bacteria and physical
damage.
5. The Mantle The skin covers the matrix and

the base of the nail plate.
6. The Hyponychium This skin line is where the nail

plate separates from the nail
bed.
. The Nail Grooves These are the grooves on the

skin at the sides of the free edge,
and the nail follows them as a
guideline when it grows.
8. The Nail Walls The skin on both sides of the nail

plate.
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.9.The Nail Bed This is the part of the finger
underneath the nail plate
10.The Matrix This is where the nail is made. It

is the only living part of the nail,
and contains nerves and blood
vessels so that cell reproduction
can occur.
(paawanee.wordpress.com/2015/07/08nail/structure function)
8 Types of Nail Shapes

Nail Shapes That You Need to Know Before Getting a Manicure
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Different Types of Nails
1. Round Nails
Neat and elegant, this is the classic style of nails. This is an excellent option for someone who wants
a simple manicure. Free of ridged edges that catch on things, these nails are tough to break and last
long.
Best suited for: Shorter fingers with short or narrow nail beds as this nail type gives an elongated
appearance.
Style them with: Any shade of nail polish
2. Oval Nails
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This nail style gives a slim, feminine look to long nails. They are filed at their sides in addition to the
tips to give them the oval shape. They look appealing in bold and unconventional shades and are
easy to file at home.
Best suited for: Shorter fingers or smaller hands with broad and stubby nail beds as this nail shape
gives the illusion of length.
3. Square Nails
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They look stylish with clean cuts and are low-maintenance. If you spend a long time typing on the
keyboard, this practical nail shape is for you. Don’t go for this if you have short nails as it can make
your hands appear stumpy.
Best suited for: Long or short fingers with narrow and long nail beds.
4. Squoval Nails
This kind of nail is essentially square-shaped with rounded edges. The functional nail shape is
pretty easy to maintain and anyone can pull off this look.
Best suited for: Any hand or finger size with wide and long nail beds.
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5. Almond Nails
When filing your nails in this shape, take care to align the narrowest part of the nail tip with the
center of your nail. Though it looks stylish, this type is not one of the most practical ones. If you do a
ton of work with your hands, you are likely to end up breaking your almond nails.
Best suited for: Long or short fingers with narrow and long nail beds.
Style them with: Glossy, metallic and plain nail polish in nude shades
6. Coffin or Ballerina Nails
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This unique type has a tapered end that is squared off. Though this nail shape looks glam, they are
high maintenance. They turn the spotlight on you at special events, but they can be quite
impractical to carry while you are going about your daily chores.
Best suited for: Any hand size with long and narrow nail beds. Go for a short coffin nail look if you
have a short nail bed.

7. Stiletto Nails
These pointed nails are a bit loud and are high maintenance. However, they can create quite a bold
style statement. You need to have long nails to flaunt this style. Be careful with them as they’re easy
to break.
Best suited for: Small hands or short fingers since they give an elongated appearance.
Style them with: Fancy and ornate nail designs, ice cream cone nail art, gem and glitter nail polis
8. Lipstick Nails
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Shaped like a fresh tube of lipstick, these nails look gorgeous at weddings and proms. But they are
not for routine heavy usage of hands. These unique nails are not the best candidate for nail art or
fancy designs.
Best suited for: Long or short fingers with wide nail beds.
Nail Diseases & Disorders

Nail disorder is a condition caused by injury to the nail or disease or imbalance in the body. Our
bodies host a variety of microorganisms, some of which are beneficial to us. These microorganisms
also include bacteria and fungi. Fungal infections are caused by microscopic plants that live on our
skin and on the dead tissue of our hair and nails. The following list contains the more common nail
irregularities, diseases and disorders.
ttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/276974903_Nail_Drug_Delivery_System-
A_Novel_Approaches_For_Drug_Delivery_System
1. Paronychia infections of the nail fold

can be caused by bacteria, fungi and
some viruses. The proximal and
lateral nail folds act as a barrier, or
seal, between the nail plate and the
surrounding tissue. If a tear or a
break occurs in this seal, the
bacterium can easily enter. this type
of infection is characterized by pain,
redness and swelling of the nail folds.
People who have their hands in water
for extended periods may develop
this condition, and it is highly
contagious. matches
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2. Pseudomonas bacterial infection can
occur between the natural nail plate
and the nail bed, and/or between an
artificial nail coating and the natural
nail plate. Many people have been led
to believe that the classic ‘green’
discoloration of this type of infection
is some type of mould. In actuality,
mould is not a human pathogen. The
discoloration is simply a by-product
of the infection and is caused
primarily by iron compounds.
Pseudomonas thrive in moist places;
it feeds off the dead tissue and
bacteria in the nail plate, while the
moisture levels allow it to grow. The
after effects of this infection will
cause the nail plate to darken and
soften underneath an artificial
coating. The darker the discoloration,
the deeper into the nail plate layers
the bacteria has travelled.
3. Fungal Infection of the nail plate.
A fungal or yeast infection which results in

Onychomycosis, can invade through a tear in
the proximal and lateral nail folds as well as
the eponychium. This type of infection is
characterized by onycholysis (nail plate
separation) with evident debris under the
nail plate. It normally appears white or
yellowish in color, and may also change the
texture and shape of the nail. The fungus
digests the keratin protein of which the nail
plate is comprised. As the infection
progresses, organic debris accumulates
under the nail plate often discolouring it.
Other infectious organisms may be involved,
and if left untreated, the nail plate may
separate from the nail bed and crumble off.
Canxida remove can help in this case.
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4. Ringworm of the nails.
Tinea Unguis, or ringworm of the
nails, is characterized by nail
thickening, and deformity, and
eventually results in nail plate loss.
This is another symptom of candida
yeast infection.
5. Nail Atrophy
Onychatrophia is an atrophy or
wasting away of the nail plate which
causes it to lose its luster, become
smaller and sometimes shed entirely.
Injury or disease may account for this
irregularity.
6. Ingrown Toenail/ Onychogryposis

Onychogryposis are claw-type nails
that are characterized by a thickened
nail plate and are often the result of
trauma. This type of nail plate will
curve inward, pinching the nail bed
and sometimes require surgical
intervention to relieve the pain. Make
sure to check out this video on
youtube if you have toenail fungus.
https://platinumnails.fr.gd/nail-disorders-
and-problems.htm
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7. Onychorrhexis / Vertical Split in the
nail plate.
Onychorrhexis are brittle nails which often

split vertically, peel and/or have vertical
ridges. This irregularity can be the result of
heredity, the use of strong solvents in the
workplace or the home, including household
cleaning solutions. Although oil or paraffin
treatments will re-hydrate the nail plate, one
may wish to confer with a physician to rule
out disease.
8. Onychauxis is evidenced by over-

thickening of the nail plate and may
be the result of internal disorders —
seek medical advice.
9. Leuconychia
Leuconychia is evident as white
lines or spots in the nail plate and
may be caused by tiny bubbles of air
that are trapped in the nail plate
layers due to trauma. This condition
may be hereditary and no treatment
is required as the spots will grow out
with the nail plate.
10. Beaus Lines

Beau’s Lines are nails that are
characterized by horizontal lines of
darkened cells and linear
depressions. This disorder may be
caused by trauma, illness,
malnutrition or any major metabolic
condition, chemotherapy or other
damaging event, and is the result of
any interruption in the protein
formation of the nail plate. Seek a
physicians diagnosis.
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11. Koilonychia
Koilonychia is usually caused
through iron deficiency anemia. these
nails show raised ridges and are thin
and concave. Seek a physicians
advice and treatment.
12. Melanonychia
Melanonychia are vertical
pigmented bands, often described as
nail ‘moles’, which usually form in the
nail matrix. Seek a physicians care
should you suddenly see this change
in the nail plate. It could signify a
malignant melanoma or lesion. Dark
streaks may be a normal occurrence
in dark-skinned individuals, and are
fairly common.
13. Pterygium
Pterygium is the inward advance of skin

over the nail plate, usually the result of
trauma to the matrix due to a surgical
procedure or by a deep cut to the nail plate.
Pterygium results in the loss of the nail plate
due to the development of scar tissue.
Cortisone is used to prevent the
advancement of scar tissue. Never attempt to
remove pterygium -instead, consult a
physician for advice and treatment.
NOTE: The ‘true cuticle’ is often referred to as
Pterygium. If you have pterygium, it can only
be treated by a physician and should never be
removed by a nail technician.
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14. Pterygium Inversum Unguis
Pterygium Inversum Unguis is an
acquired condition characterized by a
forward growth of the hyponychium
characterized by live tissue firmly
attached to the underside of the nail
plate, which contains a blood supply
and nerves. Possible causes are
systemic, hereditary, or from an
allergic reaction to acrylics or
solvents. Never use force to ‘push
back’ the advancing hyponychium —
it is an extremely painful approach,
and will result in a blood flow.
Consult a physician for diagnosis and
treatment.
15. Psoriasis of the nails
Psoriasis of the nails is characterized by

raw, scaly skin and is sometimes confused
with eczema. When it attacks the nail plate, it
will leave it pitted, dry, and it will often
crumble. The plate may separate from the
nail bed and may also appear red, orange or
brown, with red spots in the lunula. Do not
attempt salon treatments on a client with
Nail Psoriasis. Consult with a dermatologist
for diagnosis and treatment.
16. Brittle Nails / Splitting Layers &

Peeling Layers
Brittle Nails are characterized by a vertical
splitting or separation of the nail plate layers
at the distal (free) edge of the nail plate. In
most cases, nail splitting and vertical ridges
are characteristic of the natural aging
process. This nail problem is also the result
of overexposure to water and chemical
solvents such as household cleaning
solutions. As we age, the nail bed’s natural
flow of oils and moisture is greatly reduced.
This oil and moisture is the cement that
holds the nail plate layers together and gives
the plate its inherent flexibility. At the first
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signs of splitting or peeling, re-hydrate the
nail plate layers with a good quality cuticle
and nail oil that contains Jojoba and Vitamin
E as two of the botanical oils. Jojoba oil has a
very tiny molecule which can penetrate the
nail plate surface, open up the layers and
draw the Vitamin E in after it. The molecular
structure of Vitamin E is too large to
penetrate the nail plate layers or the surface
layer of the skin without the benefits of
Jojoba oil.
17. Vertical Ridges
Vertical Ridges are also characteristic of

aging, although are not limited to the aged or
elderly. The nail plate grows forward on the
nail bed in a ‘rail and groove’ effect, much
like a train rides on its’ tracks. As we age, the
natural oil and moisture levels decline in the
nail plate, and this rail and groove effect
becomes apparent. Ridged nails will improve
through re-hydration of the nail plate with
twice daily applications of a good quality nail
and cuticle oil containing Jojoba and Vitamin
E.
18. Hematoma
A Hematoma is the result of trauma
to the nail plate. It can happen from
simply trapping your finger or toe in
the car door to friction from
improperly fitting or ‘too-tight’ shoes,
to a sports related injury. A hammer
does a pretty good job at causing a
hematoma as well! The nail bed will
bleed due to this trauma, and the
blood is trapped between the nail bed
and the nail plate. A hematoma may
also indicate a fractured bone.
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19. Nail Patella Syndrome
Nail Patella Syndrome is a rare genetic

disorder involving nail and skeletal
deformity.The severity of nail dysplasia is
extremely variable. Nails may be small and
concave, longitudinally grooved, abnormally
split, pitted, softened, discolored, or brittle.
Toe nails are usually less affected than finger
nails.
eformities.
(source: https://www.hooked-on-nails.com/naildisorders.html )
Diagnosis and treatment of nail problems

1. Antibiotics for bacterial infections.
2. Antifungal preparations, mainly oral tablets, for fungal infections in the nails.
3.Treatment for any contributing skin disease.
4. Advice on appropriate nail care.
(Copied from
www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au › conditionsandtrea)
What is the best fungal nail treatment?
Oral antifungal drugs.

Options include terbinafine (Lamisil) and itraconazole (Sporanox). These drugs help a
new nail grow free of infection, slowly replacing the infected part. You typically take this type of
drug for six to 12 weeks. But you won't see the end result of treatment until the nail grows back
completely.Jan 3, 2019
( www.mayoclinic.org › diagnosis-treatment › drc-20353300)
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NAIL TOOL CARE
NAIL CARE TOOL are the articles used in any nail care service which are durable or permanent
and are hand-held. Tools are also referred to as implements. The tools commonly used in giving
manicure and pedicure are the following:
1. Finger or Manicure Bowl - is a small

bowl used for soaking the fingers to soften
the cuticles.
2. Cuticle Nail Pusher - is a tool used to push

back and loosen the cuticles
3. Cuticle Nipper - is an implement used to

cut the cuticles
4. Cuticle Scissor - is an implement to cut

stubborn cuticles.
5. Manicure Nail Brush - is a plastic handled

brush with nylon bristles used to clean dirt
and cosmetic residue from the nail surface
and skin.
6. Manicure Tray - is a flat container where

all the necessary tools and implements are
placed for use by the manicurist
7. Nail Cutter / Nail Clipper / Nail

Trimmer - is a hand tool made of metal used
to trim fingernails and toenails
8. Nail File - is an implement used to shape

the free edges of the nail with the coarse
side \
and bevel the nail with the finer side.
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9. Orangewood Stick - is an implement with
pointed and rounded ends to remove excess
polish.
10. Plastic Container for Cotton - is a small

receptacle where cotton balls are put
11. Mixing bowl - is a small open-top,

rounded cup-like container used for mixing
the aromatic oils and other fluids for the
hand or foot spa.
12. Supply Tray - is a flat container that

holds the necessary cosmetics and
implements
13. Callous Remover - is a tool designed to

strip off calluses and corn
14. Foot file - is made of metal or sandpaper,

with a rough file on one side to remove
calluses and a fine file on the other to
smoothen the feet.
15. Foot Spa Basin - is a large rectangular

container used for bathing and soaking the
feet when giving a pedicure.
16. Nail Buffer - is an implement used for

smoothening and polishing the nails.
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17.Pumice Stone - is a type of volcanic rock,
which is actually frothy lava solidified to
form a porous rock to remove dry and
annoying skin of the feet as well as calluses.
18. Trolley - is a wheeled cart that is pushed

by hand and used for transporting
manicuring and pedicuring tools and
materials
.
MATERIALS are the cosmetics and supplies that are consumed and should be replaced from time to
time. They are also called consumables. The following are the materials used in giving manicure,
pedicure, hand and foot spa:
1. Alcohol - is an organic compound used as

sanitizer.
2. Antiseptic Solution - is an agent that

reduces or prevents the multiplication of
micro-organisms
3. Apron - is an outer protective garment

that covers primarily the front of the body to
protect clothes from dirt or stains.
3. Assorted Colored Nail Polish - is a

lacquer applied on fingernails and toenails to
decorate and/or protect the nail plate.
4. Base Coat - is a clear layer of polish

applied to the nail plate before the
application of colored polish to smoothen
surface for color and promote healthier
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5. Benzalconium Chloride - is a yellow-
white powder prepared in an aqueous
solution used as surface disinfectant and
topical antiseptic
6. Bleaching Soap - is a soap formulated to

whiten the skin.
7. Cling Wrap - is a thin plastic film used for

sealing the paraffin during a hand spa.
8. Cotton - is a soft white downy fiber for

dabbing or cleaning the nails and removing
nail polish.
9. Cuticle Oil - is a mixture of fats and waxes

containing lanolin and petroleum base to
soften and lubricate the skin around the
nails.
10. Cuticle Remover - is a liquid used to

soften nail cuticles and prepare them to be
cut.
(Copied from TESDA Learning Beauty
Care Module )
ASSESING LEARNING
ACTIVITY 1
Name: _________________________________ Score: ___________
Course, Year & Sec: _______________________ Date______________
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TEST I. MULTIPLE CHOICE
DIRECTION: Read the statement carefully and complete the sentence by choosing the best
answer below. Encircle your correct answer.
1. This is the part of the finger underneath the nail plate.
a. lunula
b. matrix
c. cuticle
d. nail bed
2. This is where the nail is made. It is the only living part of the nail, and contains nerves
and blood vessels so that cell reproduction can occur.
a. cuticle
b, nail bed
c. matrix
d. lunula
3. The half moon shaped point where the matrix and nail bed meet.
a. lunula
b. matrix
c. cuticle
d. nail bed
4. The overlapping skin surrounding the nail. Its job is to protect the matrix from being
invaded by bacteria and physical damage.
a. free edge
b. nail bed
c. nail bed
d. all of these
5. The skin covering the matrix and the base of the nail plate.
a. Nail walls
b. nail bed
c. mantel
d. matrix
6. The skin on both sides of the nail plate.
a. matrix
b. mantel
c. nail wall
d. nail walls
7. A mixture of fats and waxes containing lanolin and petroleum base to soften and
lubricate the skin around the nails.
a. cuticle remover
b. cuticle oil
c. alcohol
d. nail polish
8. It is a tool used to push back and loosen the cuticles
a. cuticle nipper
b. nail brush
c. pusher
d. emery board
9. This tools is an implement used to shape the free edges of the nail with the coarse side
and bevel the nail with the finer side.
A. Nail cutter
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B. Nail brush
C. Nail file
D. Pusher
10. This tool is an implement with pointed and rounded ends to remove excess polish.
a. pusher
b. nail cutter
c. nail scissor
d. all of these
TEST II. Essay: Explain the following questions?
1. Is cosmetology a good career choice?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Give the different nail disorders and what are the best treatment for the nails to become healthy
and shiny?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. What are the difference between cosmetologist and cosmetology?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
TEST III. Enumeration
1.Give the tools use in manicure and pedicure.

2. What are the different types of nails shape?
3. .What are the materials needed in manicure and pedicure.
27
REFERENCES:
https://nailbees.com/nail-structure
https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vector/nail-shapes-manicure-art-fingernail-shape-
vector-27532441
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/nails-fingernail-and-
toenail-problems
https://www.slideshare.net/salmanranaw/k-to-12-nail-care-learning-module
UNIT II. MANICURE, PEDICURE AND NAIL ART
OVERVIEW
A manicure is a beauty treatment that comprises trimming, shaping, typically painting the
nails, cuticle conditioning and skin softening. Nail art is a creative approach to paint, embellish, and
28
enhance nails. It is a sort of nail art applied to the fingernails and toes after they have been
manicured or pedicured. This session will teach you how to serve patron clients with hand and nail
services.
Objectives:
At the end of the unit, I am able to;

1. Discuss the meaning of manicure and pedicure;
2. Identify the benefits of manicure and pedicure;
3. Discuss the procedure in manicure and pedicure;
4. Discuss the safety precaution in doing Manicure and pedicure;
5. Enumerate the different style of nail art;
6. Perform the manicure pedicure and nail design or art.
SETTING UP
Name: _________________________________ Score: ___________

MULTIPLE CHOICE
DIRECTION: Read the statement carefully and complete the sentence by choosing the best answer
below. Encircle your correct answer.
1. To remove polish from the nails, use:

a. a firm movement from base to tip
b. a circular motion
c. a firm movement from tip to base
d. a twisting motion
2. One of the functions of top coat, or sealer, is to make the nail polish:
a. dry quickly c. more resistat to shipping
b. adhere to the nail surface d. appear thicker
3. To smooth calluses on the feet, an implement that is sometimes used is the
a. Foot file c. nail rasp
b. Diamond nail file d. curette
4. During a manicure, if you or your client is accidentally cut, apply:
a. Disinfectant c. alcohol
b. styptic pencil d. powder alum
5. When you perform nail services, youuse permanent tools called :
a. Equipment c. implements
b. Nail cosmetics d. materials
LESSON PROPER_______________________________________________________________________________________
MANICURE AND PEDICURE
The English word manicure comes from the French word manucure, meaning "care of the
hands", which in turn originates from the Latin words manus, for "hand", and cura, for "care".
29
Manicure is a cosmetic treatment of the hands and fingernails, including trimming and polishing of
the nails and removing cuticles.
Manicurist a person who can do the manicure.
B enefits of Manicures
1.A good manicure will clean and shape your nails and treat your cuticles, which is vital for keeping
your nails healthy and strong.
2.Your hands will be exfoliated during a manicure to remove dead skin cells and to improve
circulation and to stimulate blood flow.
3.A manicure generally but not always includes painting the nails. Not only will having a manicure
make your nails and hands look good, it is also very relaxing.
Safety Precaution in doing Manicure and Pedicure.

1. Be sure that the manicure and manicure area must be clean and organize.
2. Always wear your protective personal equipment (PPE) in doing manicure and
pedicure to protect from exposure of chemicals.
3. Bring your own manicure kit, avoid sharing your tools and materials.
4. Disinfecting your tools always before use. Place your nail clippers, glass nail files
and callus removing tool into a clean bowl. Again, using the Isopropyl Alcohol,
cover your tools completely. Allow them to sit in the solution for 30 minutes. If you
do not have Isopropyl Alcohol, you can boil your metal tools in water for 20 m
minutes.
5. A bag of tools should be opened in front of you.
6. Wooden sticks, cotton and napkins can be used only once.
7. Be extra careful if you're getting acrylic nails or fillings.
8. Don’t use cheap nail polish to cover your nails.
9. A good manicure should not take less than one hour.
10. Be sure that your patron must be satisfied to your service.
Tools and Materials in doing Manicure

1. Bowl of warm water or finger bath.
2. Manicure table
3. Nail brush.
4. Acetone/polish remover to remove polish and debris.
5. Cuticle cream for the bottom of the nail.
6. Lotion to moisturize.
7. Nail brush for nail hygiene.
8. Cuticle pusher to push back skin around the nail.
9. Cuticle scissors to trim cuticles.
10.Nippers to trim hangnails.
30
11. Nail files/Emery boards to shape the nail.
12. Nail buffer block to add shine to the nail.
13. Orange wood sticks to clean up excess cuticle.
14. Cotton balls to apply products.
15.Tweezers to grab small items.
16. Cuticle oil to moisten and add vitamins to the skin.
17. Polish to add protection and shine or color to the nail.
18. Personal protective equipment (Apron, Hair net)
19. Towelette (small towel)
Manicure - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.
Procedure in Manicure
Recommendations for maintaining nail health include keeping nails clean and dry to keep bacteria
and other infectious organisms from collecting under the nails, cutting nails straight across with
only slight rounding at the tip, using a fine-textured file to keep nails shaped and free of snags, and
avoiding nail-biting.
1. Wear your protective personal equipment such as hairnet, apron and mask.
2.Prepare your tools. In order to do a great manicure, you'll need certain supplies.
a. Nail polish, a base coat, and a top coat
b. Nail polish remover
c. Cotton balls
d. A bowl filled with warm water and moisturizing shower gel.
e. A set of manicure tools that includes a cuticle pusher and nipper.
3. Apply an alcohol to sanitize your hands.
4. Remove the old nail polish by the use of acetone and cotton balls if necessary.
5. Soak the fingers with warm water in manicure bowl with in 2 minutes to soften the
cuticle.
6. Dry your hands by the use of a hand towel.
7. Apply the cuticle remover on the fingers of your patron to soften the cuticle.
8. Push back and forth direction of the nail plate and the cuticle by the use of
A pusher.
9. Cut the cuticle and both sides of fingernails by the use of cuticlele nipper.
10. Put cuticle remover again on the nail plate and brush to clean the nails.
11. File, and buff of fingernails to have a good shape and smooth surface.
31
12. Moisturize your cuticles. You should moisturize your cuticles before applying any
polish.
13. Apply the base coat nail polish on the nail plate, maybe you can use the
white satin for the base coat, and apply the choice color of the patron
and lastly apply colourless nail polish for the final coating. A topcoat
protects your manicure from chipping and adds shine to nails.
Activity I
Perform the basic manicure.
Direction:
1. Bring your patron in doing your basic manicure. (Your classmate is your best client or patron.)
2. Bring your complete materials and tools or manicure and kit.
3. Don’t forget to bring your PPE, this is a very important in doing manicure and
Pedicure.
4. Follow the safety precautions in doing manicure.
5. Be sure to follow the correct procedure in doing manicure .
6. You can finish he manicure wit in 30 to 40 minutes, as well as the pedicure.
Rubrics for Performance in Manicure
Find out by accomplishing the scoring rubric honestly.
Dimension Highly Skilled Moderately Unskilled No Attempt

Skilled 4 Skilled 2 1
5 3
Preparedness Appropriate Appropriate Appropriate Never select No attempt
and set up of selection, selection, selection, Prepared to use tools,
tools, preparation preparation preparation and and use materials
equipment and use of and use of use of materials, appropriate and
and materials materials, materials, tools and materials, equipment
( 10 % ) tools and tools and equipment most tools and
equipment equipment of the time and equipment
most of the most of the sanitize
time and time and correctly
sanitize sanitize
correctly correctly
Consultation Consultation Consultation Consultation and Consultation
and nail and nail nail inspection is and nail Consultation
inspection is inspection is fairly thorough inspection is and nail
( 10% ) thorough thorough and professional somewhat inspection is
and and thorough neither
32
professional professional and mostly thorough
professional nor
professional
Application Systemic Systemic Systemic Never Noattempt

of the application application application of follows to apply
procedure of of procedures systemic procedures
procedures procedures some of the application to project/
all the time most of the time with of activity
without time with constant procedures
(40%) surpervision minimum supervision and high
supervision Develop-
ment on
supervision
Safety/work High self Self Self motivated Needs to be No
habits motivated motivated and observes motivated motivation
(30%) and and sometimes and does and totally
observes observes some safety not observe disregards
all safety most safety precautions safety precaution
precaution precautions precaution
s at all most of the
times time
Speed/time Work Work Work finished Work No concept
(10%) finished finished close to deadlie finished of time
ahead of meets way
time deadline beyond
deadline
A pedicure is a cosmetic treatment of the feet and toenails, analogous to a manicure. Pedicures are
done for cosmetic, therapeutic purposes. ... The word pedicure is derived from the Latin words
pedis, which means "of the foot", and cura, which means "care".
Pedicure is a beauty treatment for the feet that involves cutting and sometimes painting the nails,
and massaging (= rubbing) the skin or making it feel softer
Top 7 Benefits of Getting a Pedicure
1. Appearance. Having nice groomed, polished toes is always nice and can make you feel sexy and
sleek when wearing a nice pair of open-toe shoes or sandals.
2. Dry skin. Your therapist is able to scrub and exfoliate your feet to help soften and scrape off
dead dry skin especially around the heel and big toe area. However, for more severe cases of painful
cracked heels your therapist may refer you to a Podiatrist who are qualified to use cutting
implements to treat such foot disorders.
33
3. Nail Health. Buffing your nails doesn’t just make them look nice and shiny but is also important
to stimulate blood flow to the area. Blood carries nutrients which are vital for nail health and
growth. Although we clip our nails short, good nail growth can be a sign of good nail health.
4. Relaxation. Pedicures can include massage and getting your legs and feet massaged can be a
great way to relax, release tension and de-stress. And we all know how important it is for oneself to
take some time out and regular de-stressing is vital for your health.
5. Lymphatic and Blood Flow. Another benefit from foot massage is stimulating blood and lymph
flow. Your body has lymph nodes all over which are the tiny factories that help process and clean
the toxins from your lymphatic fluid into the blood which then gets taken back through the veins to
the heart to get cleaned. Lymph nodes are also known as glands which in our legs are situated
behind our knees.
6. Colours. Nail lacquers are fun and there are loads of colours to play with. With colours to fit any
season or any occasion, your therapist will also use a base coat to protect your nail plate from
getting stained. A top coat will also be used to help lock in your colour and help the lacquer last
longer.
7. Feel Good. One of the most important benefits is the feel good factor. It’s amazing how your
feet, when treated, can make you feel so good about yourself and give a real confidence boost, along
with feeling relaxed, clean and pampered.
Source: www.luxelounge.co.nz
Safety Precaution in doing Pedicure.
1. Be sure that the pedicure area must be clean and organize.

2. Always wear your protective personal equipment (PPE) in doing manicure and
pedicure to protect from exposure of chemicals.
3. Bring your own manicure kit, avoid sharing your tools and materials.
4. Disinfecting your tools always before use. Place your nail clippers, glass nail files
and callus removing tool into a clean bowl. Again, using the Isopropyl Alcohol,
cover your tools completely. Allow them to sit in the solution for 30 minutes. If you
do not have Isopropyl Alcohol, you can boil your metal tools in water for 20 m
minutes.
5. A bag of tools should be opened in front of you.
6. Wooden sticks, cotton and napkins can be used only once.
7. Be extra careful if you're getting acrylic nails or fillings.
8. Don’t use cheap nail polish to cover your nails.
9. A good pedicure should not take less than one hour.
10. Be sure that your patron must be satisfied to your service.
Tools and materials in doing Pedicure
34
1. Bowl of warm water or foot bath.
2. Pedicure table
3. Nail brush.
4. Acetone/polish remover to remove polish and debris.
5. Cuticle cream for the bottom of the nail.
6. Lotion to moisturize.
7. Nail brush for nail hygiene.
8. Cuticle pusher to push back skin around the nail.
9. Cuticle scissors to trim cuticles.
10.Nippers to trim hangnails.
11. Nail files/Emery boards to shape the nail.
12. Nail buffer block to add shine to the nail.
13. Orange wood sticks to clean up excess cuticle.
14. Cotton balls to apply products.
15.Tweezers to grab small items.
16. Cuticle oil to moisten and add vitamins to the skin.
17. Polish to add protection and shine or color to the nail.
18. Personal protective equipment (Apron, Hair net)
19. Towelette (small towel)
Manicure - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.
Procedure in Pedicure
1. Wear your protective personal equipment such as hairnet, apron and mask.
2. Prepare your tools. In order to do a great manicure, you'll need certain supplies.
b. Nail polish, a base coat, and a top coat
c. Nail polish remover
d. Cotton balls
e. A bowl filled with warm water and moisturizing shower gel.
d. A set of manicure tools that includes a cuticle pusher and nipper.
3. Apply an alcohol to sanitize your feet.
4. Remove the old nail polish by the use of acetone and cotton balls if necessary.
5. Soak the fingers with warm water in pedicure bowl within 2 minutes to soften the
cuticle.
6. Dry your feet by the use of towel.
7. Apply the cuticle remover on fingers of your patron to soften the cuticle.
8. Push back and forth direction the nail plate and the cuticle by the use of
pusher.
9. Cut the cuticle and both sides of finger nails by the use of cuticle nipper.
35
10.. Put cuticle remover again on the nail plate and brush to clean the nails.
11.File, and buff of finger nails to have a good shape and smooth surface.
12.. Moisturize your cuticles. You should moisturize your cuticles before applying
any polish.
13. Apply the base coat nail polish on the nail plate, maybe you can use the
white satin for the base coat, and apply the choice color of the patron
and lastly apply colourless nail polish for the final coating. A topcoat
protects your manicure from chipping and adds shine to nails.
Activity 2
Perform the basic pedicure
Direction:
1. Bring your patron in doing your basic pedicure. (Your classmate is your best partner )
2. Bring your complete materials and tools or pedicure kit.
3. Don’t forget to bring your PPE, this is a very important in doing manicure and
Pedicure.
4. Follow the safety precautions in doing manicure and pedicure.
5. Be sure to follow the correct procedure in doing pedicure.
6. You can finish he pedicure with in 30 to 40 minutes, as well as the pedicure.
RUBRICS IN PEDICURE
Dimension Highly Skilled Skilled Moderately Unskilled

5 4 Skilled 2
3
Preparedness Almost always
and Set-up Brings needed brings needed Almost always Often forgets
materials to materials to brings needed needed
station, correctly station, correctly materials to materials or sets
(10%) displayed, and is displayed, and is station, up table
always prepared mostly prepared correctly incorrectly; is
and ready to and ready to displayed, and rarely prepared
work- work. Most is mostly and ready to
Implements on implements and prepared and work when
dominant side & product correctly ready to work. needed
product on non- set up. Most
dominant. implements and
product
correctly set up.
Consultation Consultation and Consultation and Consultation Consultation and
36
nail inspection is nail inspection is and nail nail inspection is
thorough and fairly thorough inspection is neither thorough
(10%) professional. and professional. somewhat nor professional.
Student Nail shape is thorough and
observed nails determined. mostly
and determined professional
service needed
and nail shape.
Filing/Cuticle Removal of Removal of Removal of Polish removal
polish holding polish is done polish is done and Filing
Area cotton between correctly with correctly with procedure is
first two fingers. cotton in proper cotton in incorrect (not
Filing procedure placement. Filing proper straight across
is correct (filing procedure is placement. nor beginning
is straight across mostly correct. Filing with left pinky)
beginning with Technique and procedure is Technique and
left pinky) procedure for mostly correct. procedure for
(40%) Students soaks cuticle area was Technique and cuticle area was
nails in mostly correct procedure for incorrect in most
fingerbowl/dries and professional cuticle area was area of the
hand and nails, mostly correct procedure
applies cuticle and
treatment, professional
pushes cuticle
back with
proper
implement.
removes cuticle
treatment
correctly
Quality of work Pedicure Pedicure Pedicure Pedicure
procedure is in procedure is procedure is procedure is not
the correct order mostly in the somewhat in in the correct
with no correct order the correct order and there
interruptions with little to no order with few are interruptions
between steps. interruptions interruptions between steps.
(30% Polish is applied between steps. between steps. Polish is applied
to all 10 nails in Polish is 7- Polish is to 5 or less nails
3 strokes. 10<BR> applied to 5-7 in 3 strokes.
applied to nails nails in 3 Surrounding
in 3 strokes. strokes. skin is not
Surrounding cleaned up and
skin has polish free of polish.
on some fingers Toes are not
still. Toes are wrapped at all.
incorrectly
wrapped.
Time- Uses time well Uses time fairly Loses focus at Needs more
Management throughout the well throughout times during focus during the
37
pedicure process the pedicure the pedicure pedicure process
to finish in process to finish process or to finish on time.
(10%) approximately on time. 1 hr. rushes, but
50 mins finishes on time
somewhat
within 50-1 hr.
ASSESSING LEARNING
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name: _________________________________ Score: ___________
1. In a manicure service, to shape the free edge you use a/an:
a. orange wood stick c. cuticle remover
b. emery board d. cuticle nipper
2. During a manicure or pedicure procedure, if you draw blood, the implement should be:
a. cleaned and disinfected c. rinse with water
b. discarded d. wiped off with cotton
3. As an added service in a manicure, hand massage, may be given before:

a. Polish c. pushing cuticles
b. Soaking fingers d. none of these
4. The oval nail shape is:

a. extend only slightly past the fingertip
b. considered the ideal
c. straight accrossthe free edge
d. well suited for thin , delicate hands
5. Never perform a pedicure on feet with a contagious disease such as:

a. hang nails c. furrowed nails
b. ringworn d. rough cuticles
6. Do not shake the bottle to mix nail polish, as this causes:
a. Separation c. foaming
b. air bubbles d. splayed brush foaming
7. Base coat prevents the nail polish from;
a. Staining the nail plate c. adhering to the nail plate
b. Adhering to the nail bed d. forming a high gloss
8. A skin growth that protects the underlying skin from irritation is the
a. Skin tag c. nevus
b. Callus d. verruca
9. To remove stains on fingernails, use nail bleach or:

a. Acetone c. peroxide
b. an oil manicure d. dry nail polish
10. If the clients nails would benefit , a nail hardener may be applied
a. after the top coat c. befor the base coat
b. after the base coat d. after the nail polish
38
Part II.
Essay: Explain the following questions;
1. Is it importance to know the safety precaution in doing manicure?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Why PPE or personal protective equipment is important in doing the manicure?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the benefits of manicure?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nail Design and Art
Nail art is a creative way to paint, decorate, enhance, and embellish the nails. It is a type of
artwork that can be done on fingernails and toenails, usually after manicures or pedicures.
Manicures and pedicures are beauty treatments that trim, shape, and polish the nails. Types of
manicures can vary from polish on natural nails, dipping powder, and acrylic nails.
39
Nails have for long been a vital measurement of beauty and style. With a little polish and heaps of
creative energy, you can make your nails look extremely wonderful and eye-catching.
Types of Nail Art Techniques
1. Painting With a Brush
This technique is like any other

painting where one can use a variety of
brushes, which are most suitable.
Usually, ones with the synthetic
bristles are recommended. One can
draw any template of choice by taking
the help of these brushes. However, it
needs some minimum practice and
skill for achieving the perfection in
giving perfect strokes. There are
multiple types of brushes, for instance,
angled, flat, line, detail, dotting, etc.
which can be used for constituting the
different type of beautiful patterns on
nails.
2. Sponge Bobbing
One can use this technique for getting
gradient and achromatic kind of
designs on nails. The finishing you get
after using sponge would likely be
sprinkled and bespattered. One can
use any kind of sponge maybe, art,
paint or makeup, or any other
depending upon the effect required
and design expected. Usually, the base
coat is applied, and it is left to dry, and
then sponge with nail polish is used
and applied on the nails. You can
position sponge amiably or swiftly, as
per the design you intend to make. To
remove extra edges, a chemical
product called acetone can be used.
40
3.Two-tone nail art designs
A two-toned nail art design is one of

the easiest nail art designs that can be
done at home without any hassle and
looks super stylish. All you need is two
different nail paints and tape. Et voila
you get beautiful two-toned nails at
home.
4. French manicure
French manicure is always the safest
bet while playing around with nails.
Well, girls, it’s time to get creative and
ditch the basic French manicure.
French manicure in contrast colors or
with a tinge of glitter can add to your
style.
5. Polka dots
Polka dots are timeless classics

whether on clothes, shoes, or nails.
This is the most popular nail art design
for day wear as well as evening parties.
6.Matte manicure
What about some matte nail paint this

season, or matte manicure? Matte nails
have an exceptional quality to make
everyone fall for it in one look. This is a
perfect alternative for glossy and
flashy nails.
7. The sunset effect

What about adding a little fire to your
talons with a sunset effect in fiery red,
orange and yellow? If you are daring,
you can definitely go for this bold nail
art design and be the center of
attraction.
41
8. Cherry nails
Cherry nails look really cute and
perfectly match summer outfits. These
‘cutsies’ look really elegant and
appealing. Young girls can really flaunt
these cherry nails and look stylish.
9. Bridal nail arts

Designer nails help prettify your outfit
and personality. Bridal nail art designs
will enhance your bridal beauty. Beads,
stones or glitter there are numerous
options to choose from and look
extraordinary.
10. Classic stripes
Parallel lines and vibrant colors always

draw woman’s attention. Stripes are
the easiest way to blend simplicity and
style. You can never go wrong with
these as they look trendy in every
season and are really easy to do at
home.
11. Glittery nails

If you are ready to look glitzy and edgy
glittery nails are made for you. Glitter
is known to add glamor to the overall
look. Glittery nails can make you look
like a total glam queen and make
everyone fawn over your incredibly
good looking nails.
42
12. One nail with Art
If you don’t have that time or patience

to paint all your nails with beautiful
nail art, you can go with one nail with
art. Though done with lazy intentions,
this style really looks elegant and eye-
catching.
13. Braided nails

The fishtail braid is a very popular nail
art design this season. Braided nails
look complicated but totally wow-ing.
10. Watercolor nails
Water color nails are a big craze these

days and looks really impressive. Let
your inner artist experiment with
sunset-inspired neons, a
monochromatic array of sky blues
or dreamy pastels and get exquisite
drool-worthy nails.
MATERIALS IN MAKING NAIL ART
1. A white nail polish
2. assorted nail polish
3. Purple nail polish
4. A thin nail art brush or a nail art pen

Step By Step Tutorial
1. Start by applying two coats of white nail polish for your base.
2. Using a thin brush, create the flowers with a pink nail polish.
3. Use the purple nail polish to add some oomph to the pink flowers.
4. Finish with a top coat.
You can choose to recreate this look differently as well by creating flowers on the whole nail instead
of just one side. You can also use other bright colors over your white base.
ASSESING LEARNING
43
Essay: Answer the following questions;
1.Give the difference of nail polish and nail art.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. Is it important to do the manicure and pedicure before applying the nail art?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Activity 3
Perform the Nail Art

Make three nail art design. You can choose your own design best for you.
RUBRICS in NAIL ART DESIGN
Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1

80=100% 70-79% 60-69% 50=59%
4pts 3pts 2pts 1pt
design process Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
a high an some rough copies are

rough drafts understanding understanding understanding missing or show
of the design of the design of the design very little
process process process understanding
rough copies are of the design
-all rough copies present rough copies are process
are present present
some rough
- rough copies copies show rough show
have a high detail and little evidence of
degree of creativity detail
attention and
detail
Quality of Work Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
- demonstrates - demonstrates - demonstrates - demonstrates

thorough considerable some knowledge limited
knowledge of knowledge of of procedure to knowledge of
44
procedure to procedure to follow when procedure to
follow when follow when applying nail follow when
applying nail applying nail polis-some parts applying nail
polish polish of work may be polish
-work is -work is messy or work is messy,
attractive and attractive and incomplete, but incomplete
completed with completed with student made -poor technique
competence competence attempt was used
-very good -good technique -poor technique -design not very
technique was was used<BR> was used at creative
used -design is some points
-design is creative and -design
creative and original somewhat
original creative
Creativity Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
Student used a - Student was Student had -Student

Introduction to high -degree of able to describe some knowledge struggled with
client creativity while client and theme of client and the written
Stay with chosen describing the -stayed with selected component
theme client and the theme. able to appropriate - Did not stay
theme see connection. theme. with theme.
-Able to see -Able to see Unable to see
connection. good creativity connection. connection.
a high degree of -some creativity - little creativity
creativity displayed
Reflection Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
The student The student The student The student

regularly refers regularly refers occasionally identifies a basic
to their to their makes reference understanding
understanding understanding to of the reflection
of the discussion of the reflection understanding process.
topic, outlines process and of the reflection
next steps in outlines next process and why
pushing their steps in pushing it was given.
work forward their work
and evaluates forward.
how they will
use their
understanding
to, is able to
make
adjustments to
their work in
future revisions.
References
45
Wikipedia
Webster dictionary
en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Manicure
Beauty Care Module - T.L.E Learning Module
https://www.materialestetica.com/blog/en/steps-to-a-perfect-and-professional-manicure-b40/
https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/beauty-care-module.html
UNIT III. SPA TREATMENT: Hand and Foot Spa
OVERVIEW
Spa treatment provides a variety of services for the purpose of improving health, beauty and
relaxation through personal care treatments such as hand, foot massages and facials.
Learning Objectives
At the end of the unit I am able to;
1. Discuss the meaning of hand and foot spa;

2. Identify the benefits of spa treatment;
3. Enumerate the types of spa treatment;
4. Identify the tools and equipment in hand and foot massage;
5. Demonstrate the hand and spa treatment;
6. Perform the spa treatment, hand and foot spa massage.
SETTING UP
Name: _________________________________ Score: ___________

MULTIPLE CHOICE
DIRECTION: Read the statement carefully and complete the sentence by choosing the best answer
46
1. A small open-top, rounded cup like container used for mixing the aromatic oils and other
fluids for the hand or foot spa.
a. Mixing bowl c. soaking bowl
b. Foot bowl d. all of the above
2. It is used to soften and moisturize the skin.
a. Olive oil c. soap
b. Lotion d. none of these
3. It is a movable cart that contains supplies and materials.
a. Trolley c. roller chair
b. Tray d. none of these
4. An organic compound used as sanitizer.

a. Alcohol c. anti-septic
b. Soap d. none of these
5. A type of volcanic rock, which is actually frothy lava solidified to form a porous rock to
remove dry and annoying skin as well as callouses.
a. Pumice stone c. foot soap
b. Callous remover d. none of these
6. Is a mixture of natural ingredients to keep feet soft, smooth and moisturized and to
removed dry skin cells.
a. Foot scrub c. foot lotion
b. Cling Wrap d. none of these
7. A thin plastic film used for sealing the paraffin during a hand spa.
a. Cling Wrap c. globes
b. Cellophane d. all of the above
8. It helps in detoxifying the liver and kidney, helps in maintaining pH balance in the body,
aids in clearing acne and wrinkles, strengthening the immune system etc.
a. foot detoxification c. foot scrub
b. foot massage d. all of these
9. Foot spa is known to help in getting proper sleep and

reducing the symptoms of
a. insomnia c. appendicitis
b. Headache d. none of these
10. Protective protection equipment used in hand and foot massage is the
a. hair net c. face mask
b. apron d. all of the above
LESSON PROPER
SPA TREATMENT is a non-medical procedure to help the health of the body, such as a massage
Hand Spa helps remove dead cells and callous. Callous appear on hands because of the constant
friction of the skin to the materials they use. Hand spa is a treatment performed by professionally
47
trained staff. This treatment is done to replenish, restore and rejuvenate naturally
tired hands.prezi.com
Foot Spa is a great way to help you pamper yourself after a stress-filled day, as it improves the
process of reflexology, which can benefit your entire body.
Here are some health benefits of hand and Foot Spa/ Foot massage
1. Improves blood circulation. Blood circulation is improved by a foot spa. It
is also known that by taking a foot spa, you
can re-energize self, keep self relaxed and
full of life.
2. Helps in relaxation. It is known that a foot spa can help you

relieve the stress and tensions of the entire
day and make you relax.
3. Promotes better sleep .Foot spa is known to help in getting proper

sleep and reducing the symptoms
of insomnia
4. Relieves body pains. can help you get rid of the tensions in
muscles and joints.
So, people suffering from arthritis can be
benefited greatly by foot spa when done
in the morning and evening. The foot spa
used to treat patients with arthritis uses
seaweeds which are known to reduce pain
and help arthritic patients.
5. Improves mood and fights depression foot spa procedure stimulates them and
helps in treating symptoms
like headache, migraine etc
6. Makes feet healthier. Acidity and indigestion can also be treated by
foot spa.
7. Alleviates swelling (edema)

The foot detoxification in foot spa aids the
8. Helps in detoxification. body from getting rid of toxins. The foot
detoxification helps in detoxifying the liver
and kidney, helps in maintaining pH balance
in the body, aids in clearing acne and
wrinkles, strengthening the immune system
etc.
(copied from www.foot.com › -benefits-foot-massage-reflexology)
MATERIAL, TOOLS, AND EQUIPMENT USED FOR HAND SPA
48
1. Mixing Bowl a rounded cup with open top like the container used for mixing the aromatic
oils and other fluids for the hand or foot spa
2. Pumice Stone- A type of volcanic rock, solidified frothy lava to form a porous rock to
remove dry and annoying skin as well as callouses.
3. Alcohol - An organic compound used as sanitizer.
49
4. Antiseptic Solution - An agent that reduces or prevents the multiplication of
microorganisms.
5. Body Scrub - this a mixture or combination of ingredients which are natural that makes the
feet soft, smooth and moisturized and to removed dry skin cells.
6. Cling Wrap - used for sealing the paraffin during a hand spa, normally described as thin
plastic film.
50
7. First Aid Kit - collection of medical supplies used for first aid.
8. Lotion - Is used to soften and moisturize the skin.
9. Mittens- when used with paraffin increases heat retention. It is a slip over plastic liners.
51
10. Paraffin Wax - Is a mineral wax derived from petroleum. This is cool enough making it safe
for the skin. It is characterized as soft wax that melts at a temperature.
11. Soap - Is used for cleansing.
12. Hand Spa Machine - used for soothing pain of arthritis, muscle spasms and dry cracked
skin of the hands.
52
13. Paraffin Wax Machine - A machine that has a tank to hold a paraffin wax and a heat source
to melt the wax.
14. Plastic Basin - used for washing hands and holding soapy water.
15. Trolley - this is a material that has wheels for movability. It contains supplies or materials.
53
SPA Procedure
Create a relaxing environment. Decide where you want to have your foot spa, then dim the
lights. Put on some music that you find relaxing. Light some candles, if desired, and make sure that
all of your supplies are close by and ready to use. This includes your towels, scrubs, lotions, and
socks or slippers.
1. You can have your foot spa anywhere you want: bedroom, bathroom,
living room, etc.
2. Classical music, and nature sounds are all very relaxing.
3. Everyone is different, however; if you find heavy metal to be the most
relaxing, then go for it!
4. If you want an invigorating foot spa instead, choose a room with windows,
then open the curtains to let in the natural light
Procedure in Hand Spa

1. Soak the hand in mixing bowl in 10 minutes with aroma oil.
2. Dry your hand in towel.
3. Apply scrub lotion on your hands and massage thoroughly with your palm and
fingers to remove dead cells.
4. Rinse with water.
5. Apply massage lotion and massage in circular motion.
6. Massage with palm and fingers gently with pressure.
7. Wash your hands and pat dry
8. Apply moisturizing lotion to soften your hands.
Nails: Hand Spa Massage - YouTube
1.HANDS SPA MASSAGE. [00:13]

2.Rinse with warm water. [02:03]
3. Apply massage lotion evenly. [02:21]
4. Massage the fingers. [03:49]
5. Improved blood circulation. [04:45]
6. Scrub thoroughly to remove dead skin cells. [05:05]
Jun 25, 2009/www.youtube.com
What are the materials needed in foot spa?

Here's what you need;
1. A big plastic tub (big enough to soak your feet) or electronic foot bath
2.Warm water, Have some additional hot water available to freshen up the water if
you're not using a bathtub.
3.Towel , have a towel, bath mat, or drying cloth nearby, too.
4. Salts (a tablespoon of Epsom or sea salts)
5. Essential oils (lavender, peppermint, or lemongrass oils)
54
6.Pumice Stone
7. Alcohol
8. Antiseptic Solution
9.Foot Scrub
10. Foot soak
11.Cling Wrap
12. First Aid Kit
13. Moisturizing Lotion
14. Slippers
Procedure on Foot Spa

1. Foot Soak: Then begins the soaking of your foot. So this goes as below.
a. Put lukewarm water in a bathtub of medium size and add some essential oils
and 1/2 tbsp Epsom salt, and 3 tbsp almond oil.
b. Instead add the foot wash to foot tub. In case you do not have a foot wash, you can
add shampoo to it. Stir it all well.
c. Indulge your feet in the tub or the foot bath and relax them for 10 minutes. You
can have reduced pain and inflammation. The water solution also helps in
removing the dirt and exfoliating the dead skin cells from the feet.
d. Now, remove your feet from the water and dry it properly.
2. Exfoliation: Exfoliation is required in a foot spa which cleans the dead cells from
the skin on the feet. Follow the steps explained below.
a. Using a pumice stone or nail file, exfoliate your heels, ankles, and side of
the heel gently.
b. Again dip your other foot in to the warm water in the foot bath or the tub
and repeat the same with it.
c. Now, using a foot scrub massage gently for 5-8 minutes over the heels,
ankles, soles etc. You can also use a facial or body scrub in case foot
scrub is not available with you.
d. Make sure you are gently scrubbing using circular motion over the feet.
3. Moisturization and massaging: Moisturizing the foot is essential once

exfoliation is completed. So, remove the feet from the tub or the foot bath and
properly wipe them off with a towel.
a. Using a foot moisturizing cream, massage the feet gently for 5-10
minutes.
55
NOTE:
Foot Massage: This video shows you how to do a foot massage and easy and simple techniques
followed. Follow the foot massage steps shown for relaxation. Foot massage helps relieves stress,
headache and reduces pain. By pressing proper reflex points in the foot, relaxation occurs and
sends signals through to the nervous system. Foot Massage techniques are massaging the foot,
ankle, toes according to the reflex pressure points. This foot massage is done during the pedicure
procedure. Use Foot Massage cream or oil for massaging. Proper foot massage improves blood
circulation. Foot massage in India costs you very less and at Cocoon Salon, please visit the following
link. http://www.cocoonhyderabad.com/salon-... Website:
Safety Precautions in doing foot Spa
1. Check the condition of the client's feet and legs: If open sores or skin wounds are present
(including insect bites, scratches, scabbed-over wounds, or any condition that weakens the
skin barrier), explain to the client why they should not use the foot bath.
2. Complete pedicure or wax after the foot bath soak: Any procedure that risks damage to a
client's skin should not be done before soaking feet in the foot spa basin.
3. Drain the water from the foot spa basin or bowl and remove any visible debris.
4. Clean the surfaces of the foot spa with soap or detergent, rinse with clean water, and drain.
5. After cleaning, disinfect* the surfaces with an EPA-registered hospital
disinfectant according to the manufacturer's directions on the label. Surfaces must
remain wet with the disinfectant for 10 minutes or the time stated on the
label, which may be shorter.
6. After disinfection, drain and rinse with clean water.
7. Cleaning of the basin or the foot spa machine
For whirlpool foot spas, air-jet basins, "pipe-less" foot spas, and other circulating spas:
1. Using a brush, scrub these parts with soap or disinfectant (following cleaning directions).
2. Remove the filter screen, inlet jets, and all other removable parts from the basin and clean
out any debris trapped behind or in them.
3. Remove the filter screen, inlet jets, and all other removable parts from the basin and clean
out any debris trapped behind or in them.
4. Using a brush, scrub these parts with soap or disinfectant (following cleaning directions).
5. Rinse the removed parts with clean water and place them back into the basin apparatus.
6. Fill the basin with clean water and add an EPA-registered hospital disinfectant, following
label directions. Turn the unit on and circulate the system with the liquid for 10 minutes,
or the label-indicated time if different.
7. After disinfection, drain, rinse, and air dry.
56
For simple basins (no circulation):
1. Drain the basin and remove any visible debris
2. Scrub the bowl with a clean brush and soap or disinfectant (following cleaning
directions). Rinse and drain.
3. Disinfect basin surfaces with and EPA-registered hospital disinfectant, following
manufacturer's instructions. Surfaces must remain wet with the disinfectant for 10 minutes
or the contact time stated on the label.
4. Drain the basin and remove any visible debris.
5. Special Precautions While Doing Foot Spa at Home:
Note;
1. Make sure you check the hotness of the water in your tub before soaking your foot
in it. It may hurt your skin if the water is extremely hot. The foot soak must be done
in lukewarm water.
2. There are chances some lotion may irritate your skin. So have a check on the foot
lotion before using it.
Assesing learning
Activity 3
Name: _________________________________ Score: ___________

Fill in the blank: Read the statement and complete the sentence below .Write your answer on the
blank
1. The client needs to ______ feet with warm water and soap before and after scrubbing.
2. Then ______the feet and apply with appropriate lotion.
3. Set foot spa machine to regulate _______ and achieve required melting of wax.
4. Prepare and use necessary _____ and supplies/materials according to OHS requirements.
5. Determine and test appropriate _____ for heat tolerance of client.
6. Soak foot for _____ for 3 consecutive times in wax and wrap with plastic liners and boots.
7. Allow the paraffin to remain in place for _____
8. We need to_____ wax from foot according to manufacturer's instructions. PRE-
TEST apply towel dry heat 10-15 minutes remove maintenance temperature wash
tools 4 seconds confirm
9. Then _____foot softening product and massage according to prescribed
procedure.
10. Advise client after service on_____ program.
11. The mineral derived from petroleum that melts at a temperature cool enough to
safely immerse the skin __.
12. A liquid spray that contains peppermint and alpha hydroxyl acids derived from
fruits that whisks away dead skin cells, deodorizes and soften the feet, giving it a
pinkish glow after use__.
13. The simple seat with three or four legs designed to provide comfort and
elevation during a foot spa__.
14. An implement used to soften rough areas on the feet such as calluses __.
57
15.A mixture of natural ingredients to keep feet soft, smooth, moisturized and
exfoliate __.
Activity 4
Perform the Hand Spa and Foot Spa
Direction:
1. Bring your client or patron in doing hand spa and foot spa. (Your classmate is your
best patron or partner)
2. Always wear your PPE or protective personal equipment.
3. Bring your complete tools and materials in hand and foot spa.
4. Apply the safety precautions in doing hand and foot spa.
5. Follow and perform the hand and foot spa correctly.
Rubrics HAND and FOOT and SPA Treatment
Exceptional Accomplished Developing Unsatisfactory

5 4 3 2
Preparedness Student set up Had most Did not have
and Set-up and sanitized needed Had some of needed
correctly and materials, did needed materials, did
professionally not set up and materials, set up not set up or
sanitize spa correctly but did sanitize
table correctly not sanitize correctly.
table.
Consultation Consultation and Consultation and Consultation Consultation

hand inspection hand inspection and hand and hand
is thorough and is fairly inspection is inspection is
professional thorough and somewhat neither
professional thorough and thorough nor
mostly professional
professional
Massage Hand and Hand and Hand and/or Hand and

Technique forearm forearm forearm forearm
massage massage massage massage
technique is technique is technique is technique is
correct in each correct in most correct in some incorrect in
segment of the segments of the segments of the most segments
massage process massage process massage process of the massage
process
Order of steps Hand and foot Hand and foot Hand and foot Hand and foot
spa procedure procedure are spa are spa procedure is
are in the correct mostly in the somewhat in the not in the
order with no correct order correct order correct order
interruptions with little to no with few and there are
58
between steps interruptions interruptions interruptions
between steps between steps between steps
Time- Exceptional Accomplished Developing Unsatisfactory

Management
Uses time well Uses time fairly Loses focus at Needs more
throughout the well throughout times during the focus during the
hand and foot the hand and hand and foot hand and foot
process to finish foot spa process spa process or spa process to
in to finish on time rushes, but finish on time
approximately finishes on time
1hour
Clean up and Exceptional Accomplished Developing Unsatisfactory

Sanitation Used
implements Used Student needed Student was
were removed implements guidances of unsure of
and spa table were removed proper clean up proper clean up
and spa basin and spa table and sanitation and sanitation
was cleaned and and spa basin procedures procedures
sanitized after was cleaned but
the hand and not sanitized
foot spa was after the
performed manicure was
performed
References
www.epa.gov › pesticides › recommended-cleaning-an...

http://www.cocoonhyderabad.com/salon-
www.foot.com › -benefits-foot-massage-reflexology)
www.lemascandille.com ›
https://www.canadiancosmeticcluster.com/uploads/3/7/9/8/37984461/epdf.pub_the-science-of-
hair-care.pdf
Albert M.Kligman, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
59
UNIT IV. Facials and Make up Application
Overview
Cosmetics comprise a range of products that are used to care for the face and body or to enhance or
change the appearance of the face or body. The products include skin care, personal
care, cosmetics and fragrance. Skin type is determined by genetics. The condition of our skin can,
however, vary greatly according to the various internal and external factors it is subjected to
understanding the four skin types: normal, dry, oily and combination. Make up is used as a beauty
aid to help build up the self steam and confidence of an individual. The importance of cosmetics has
increased as many people want to stay young and attractive. Cosmetics are readily available today
in the form of creams, lipstick, perfumes, eye shadows, nail polishes, hair sprays
Learning Objectives
At the end of the unit I am able to;
1. Identify the basic classification and Chemistry of Skin care products;

2. Define the meaning of facial massage;
3. Enumerate the different tools and equipment in facial massage;
4. Discuss and demonstrate the facial massage, facial treatment, facial make up;
5.Enumerate the cosmetics for make up;
6. Identify and discuss the make up color theory;
7. Perform the different kinds of makeup;
8. Discuss the use of artificial Eyelashes;
6. Discuss clearly the safety precaution of facial and make
up application.
LESSON PROPER
Basic Classification and Chemistry of Skin care products

Every person's skin is unique, and it's critical to understand the many varieties of skin and the
diseases that might affect them. How can I figure out what skin type I have?
Did you know that each chemical reacts differently to each skin type? Commercial goods designed
for the general public may not be the best choice for your skin! As a result, recognizing your specific
skin type is critical for proper skincare.
Different Skin Types

The different varieties of skin are classified using several characteristics. Fitzpatrick's
categorization, for example, was initially described in 1975 and is based on skin color and how it
reacts to sun exposure. It's used to figure out what kind of sunscreen to apply or anticipate the
danger of skin cancer, among other things. However, skin is categorized cosmetically based on
various aspects that affect its balance, including sebum production, moisture, and sensitivity. As a
result, each skin type will have its characteristics and will necessitate specialized skincare. Genetics
determines the kind of skin, but it is also influenced by other factors and can change over time.
60
1. Normal Skin
This skin is neither too dry nor excessively oily. It has a regular texture, no flaws, and a
clean, soft appearance, and it requires no need special care. It has balance sebum
production and good circulation.
2. Oily Skin
The appearance of oily skin is porous, humid, and brilliant.
Excess fat synthesis by the sebaceous glands causes it, and it is mainly governed by hereditary
and hormonal factors. It's common in teenagers and young adults under 30 years old, and it's
generally associated with acne.
3.Dry Skin
External variables such as the weather, low air humidity, and immersion in hot water can all
create dry skin, which is generally only temporary. For certain people, though, it may recur more
frequently and possibly be a lifelong condition. Although dry skin can crack, exposing it to bacteria
is generally not a significant problem, it can create other skin conditions, such as eczema, or make
you more susceptible to infections if you don't take care of it.
The signs and symptoms of dry skin can vary depending on a number of factors, including age,
health state, and the reason. It is characterized by tightness and roughness in the body.
4.Combination Skin
Based on its location, it presents characteristics of both dry and oily skin since the distribution of
sebaceous and sweat glands is not homogeneous. The area with more oil is usually the T- zone
(forehead, nose, and chin), while the skin on the cheeks is normal or dry.
5.Scaly Skin
Skin desquamation, or the detachment of large scales from the epidermis, can occur as a result of
repeated skin irritation caused by environmental conditions such as the sun, wind, dryness, or
extreme humidity.
Desquamation, on the other hand, can be caused by a variety of conditions, including an allergic
reaction, a fungal or staphylococcus infection, an immune system disease, or cancer, as well as
oncological therapy.
Desquamation is commonly accompanied by itching in these situations.
6.Skin Moles
Moles are dark dots or spots on the skin that usually appear during childhood and
adolescence. They are caused by groups of pigmented cells. In general they are harmless, but
it is best to check them with a dermatologist if they change size, shape or color, or if itching or
bleeding occurs, since some may become cancerous.
(Source: https://www.almirall.com/your-health/your-skin/types-of-skin)
How is chemistry used in cosmetics?
61
In fact, just reading the composition of any common cosmetic can become a chemistry class: water,
emulsifiers, preservatives, thickeners, pH stabilizers, dyes and fragrances, combined in different
ratios, for different purposes.
What chemicals are good for skin?
Understanding the Ingredients in Skin Care Products. Ingredients in today's skin care products
include alpha-hydroxy acids, beta hydroxy acids, hydroquinone, retinol, kojic acid, copper peptide
and more. Learn their effects on wrinkles, fine lines, age spots and other skin problems.
What is a facial?
A basic facial is a skin treatment that cleanses pores, exfoliates away dead skin cells, and treats
common skin concerns with a custom mask. This multi-step process is meant to rejuvenate and
nourish faces, making skin appear healthier and younger. It is also a popular spa treatment to
pamper and relax, right up there with a massage. Most basic facials last 60 minutes.
What are the benefits of a facial?
Basic facials deeply cleanse skin and may help fight certain skin problems, such as mild acne or
dryness. The treatments leave faces glowing and are typically very relaxing, as they include a
massage component.
The facial treatment to multi step, cleans your face, improves skin cells, hydrates, and nourishes it,
giving your radiant skin that looks younger. It nourishes pain and makes skin glow.
FACIAL MASSAGE
Tools and Materials in Doing Facial Massage
1.Alcohol and Hand Sanitizer - Alcohol - An organic compound used as sanitizer.
2.Cleansing foam - deep-cleaning face washes that form a foamy, sudsy lather on your skin. While
cleansing foams can be a bit too harsh for some skin types, they are a great option if you have oily,
acne-prone skin.
62
3.Wet Tissue or Wet wipes are used for cleaning purposes like personal hygiene and household
cleaning; each is a separate product depending on the chemicals added and medical
4. Moisturizing Cream - should be applied to clean skin after you cleanse your face, as they
prevent skin from drying out post-wash. They're also most effective when applied to slightly damp
skin, as they seal in moisture
5. Olive Oil or Jojoba Oil for face - regulates sebum production because it's so similar to the
sebum that your body produces naturally. When you put jojoba oil on your skin, your skin is
soothed and moisturized. This sends a signal to your hair and sweat follicles that your skin doesn't
need additional sebum for hydration.
6. Facial scrubs also contribute to reducing acne scars and dark patches of skin. While these
aren't removed completely, they do become lighter. A scrub promotes the natural skin resurfacing
process. When you scrub your face, it removes the dead and damaged skin cells and allows the skin
to rejuvenate.
7.Facial Toner - toner refers to a lotion, tonic or wash designed to cleanse the skin and shrink the
appearance of pores, usually used on the face. It also moisturizes, protects and refreshes the skin.
Toners can be applied to the skin in different ways.
8.Eye protection (cucumber or potato ) cucumbers on the eyes to soothe puffiness and reduce
dark circles on the skin, which can give an impression of tiredness. When eyes become dry,
cucumbers can offer a hydrating effect, reducing dryness and redness.
9.Face mask - worn over the nose and mouth to prevent you from breathing in harmful substances,
such as bacteria or pollution, or from breathing
10.PPE - Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to kind of devices worn by the worker to
protect against hazards in environment. PPE prevents the worker to contact with a hazardous agent
or equipment by creating a barrier between the potential hazardous material and the healthcare
worker, and substantially protects them from risks of injury or illness. Several type of PPE is being
used in the workplace depending on their specification and application, for example, respirators,
gloves, and hearing protectors.
11.Hairnet - a light net that is worn to keep a person's hair in place or, in some places of work, to
keep hair out of the way.
63
12.Apron - a garment usually of cloth, plastic, or leather usually tied around the waist and used to
protect clothing or adorn a costume.
13. Cellulos sponge - it's also a really effective and soothing face wash helper: pump preferred
product onto a wet sponge and gently work it over the face, neck and chest in upward, circular
motions.
How do you use a cellulose face sponge?
1. Soak sponge in water until it expands to full size.

2. Wring out the sponge to remove excess water before using.
3. Apply facial cleansers to sponge.
4. Gently massage face with sponge using circular motions.
5. After each use, rinse and squeeze out the water.
6. Air-dry the sponge and store in a cool, dry place.
Spatula - Works better together with skin care products such as deep cleansing oil, cleaning foam,
toner, massage cream, essential oil, essence cream, etc.
64
14. Facial steamer - Steam opens up your pores and helps loosen any buildup of dirt for a deeper
cleanse. Opening up your pores also softens blackheads, making them easier to remove. It promotes
circulation. The combination of warm steam and an increase in perspiration dilates your blood
vessels and increases circulation.
15.Head band - Wear the headband over your ears to keep it in place and to prevent it from
sliding on your hair.
65
16.Facial beds can help you do your job well. This not only helps the client ease into a relaxed
and safe space, but it also helps you feel more relaxed, to
17.Clean sheets- Hairdressers need to disinfect tools and other implements to prevent the spread
of bacteria, plant parasites or fungi that can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm,
favus (a skin disease of the scalp). Animal parasites such as head lice and itch mites cause scalp
infections such as pediculosis and scabies.
66
18.Towels - Heavier towels also tend to absorb more water, making them more functional for a
salon environment. You are better able to dry the hair of your clients with an absorbent towel, and
the heavy towel keeps the client's clothes dry.
Seven Steps in doing Facial Massage at Home
No woman can ever say no to a good hour of facial and spa time! like a bulb is just amazing. Isn’t it?
The feeling of getting pampered at a salon and coming back home with soft, flushed skin is
unbeatable. Now while you may not be able to enjoy the heavenly spa and facial time very often,
your skin does need the pampering to keep its glow and health maintained. The good news
however is, you can totally do facial at home and get the exact same results. All you have to do is go
step-by-step and do it right. And we are going to show you how.
So get ready, pull your hair away from face and throw it in a headband. Read and follow these 7
simple and easy facial steps to pull off a salon-like facial at home and get the envious glowing skin
you’ve been longing for.
67
Step 1: Cleanse well
Wipe off any makeup residue from the

face using cleansing wipes. Then use an
oil-based cleanser or any facial oil like
coconut oil or olive oil and gently clean
your skin surface. It will help get rid of
every ounce of dirt and give you a clean
slate. Lastly, use a mild foam cleanser like
Dove Beauty Moisture Conditioning
Facial Cleanser on your face and wash off
with lukewarm water.
First and foremost, start with a clean
canvas. It is essential to cleanse your face
thoroughly to remove any dirt, makeup
or product build-up before you start with
your facial.
Step 2: Exfoliate
Wipe off any makeup residue from the
face using cleansing wipes. Then use an
oil-based cleanser or any facial oil like
coconut oil or olive oil and gently clean
your skin surface. It will help get rid of
every ounce of dirt and give you a clean
slate. Lastly, use a mild foam cleanser like
Dove Beauty Moisture Conditioning
Facial Cleanser on your face and wash off
with lukewarm water.
First and foremost, start with a clean
canvas. It is essential to cleanse your face
thoroughly to remove any dirt, makeup,
or product build-up before you start with
your facial.
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3.Massage your face Dampen your
palms and take a small
amount of cream for the face massage.
Start with your eyebrows in
the middle and work towards temples.
Massage but around the
nose and cheeks sides.
Massage of an ear,
chin and jawline, lastly.
Don't forget to
take a neck massage.
Use your fingers and rub to work towards
the chin in the up direction.
After 10 minutes of massage, wash your
face with water.
Steps in facial massage
1. Step 1: Massaging Your Forehead. ...

2. Step 2: Massaging Your Eye Area. ...
3. Step 3: Massaging Your Cheeks. ...
4. Step 4: Massaging Your Mouth Area. ...
5. Step 5: Massaging Your Chin. ...
6. Step 6: Massaging Your Neck.
4.Take steam
Time to wipe some pores! Next comes the
steam after exfoliation and massaging. It
helps open the pores and makes the skin
absorbent for the follow-up items. Heat is
good for the skin also, as it makes the skin
relaxed and moist. This step does wonder the
skin, which is oily and prone to acne. Boil
water in a saucepan and extract this from the
burner. Lean over it, and take 5-10 minutes
more steam. Put a blanket over your head
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Step 5: Mask it
After steaming, your skin needs something
nourishing and moisturising
our skin needs something
healthy and hydrating after steaming.
Face masks were getting out all
the impurities and receiving adequate their
radiance.
Pick your favorite face mask and enjoy
some relaxed time while still relaxing your
skin
Step 6: Get toning

Facial toning is also very important.
Now that your skin has absorbed face mask's
nutrients and goodness, toner would help
close and purify pores. It also restores the
skin's balance and is most suitable for the
skin that is
prone to acne, as it does not enable bacteria
to settle in on the surface.
Take a pad of cotton and pour in such a small
toner, including Lakmé Absolute Pore Fix
Toner.
www.bebeautiful.in › all-things-skin › everyday › steps...
1.
Safety Precautions in Doing Facial

Facial massage should not be done if any of the following conditions are present:
1. Wearing contact lenses. The client should remove contact lenses before the
procedure.
2.Open sores, boils or cuts on the face.
3. Inflamed or bruised skin.
4.Recent scar tissue.
5. Acne, psoriasis or eczema . Facial massage can worsen these conditions.
Benefits Of Facial Massage

1. Improves Blood Circulation
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Facial massage is like facial exercise and helps in improving the blood flow in the facial skin.
Research says that a 5-minute massage on the face for a consistent period can greatly improve
blood flow and help in radiant skin.
2. Reduces Stress
A self pampering session at a salon or spa always feels good, right? Face massage reduces stress by
activating the sympathetic nervous system. The next time you are anxious or want to elevate your
mood, you know what to do!
3. Flushes Out Toxins

Facial massage moves the lymphatic fluid and clears out toxins from your facial skin. Lymphatic
system is a combination of tissues and organs in the body that get rid of the toxins and other waste
materials from your body.
4. Anti-Aging Benefits
Face massage can minimize the appearance of fine lines and help achieve a smoother texture.
When the muscles of your face are tensed, they can cause wrinkles. Facial massage relaxes
these muscles and makes the wrinkles less prominent. As there is increased blood circulation
with massage, the collagen production increases. Collagen is a protein that keeps the skin
firm and prevents from sagging.
How Often Should You Massage Your Face?
You can massage your face for five minutes everyday. But go for a professional facial once
every 3-4 weeks. This is your skin renewal cycle and a facial massage once every 28 days
ensures smooth and even skin.
(www.puristry.com › The Routin)
Assessing Learning
Activity 4
Perform the Facial Massage
Rubrics
Poor Good Excellent
Sanitation & Setup Student needed a Student needed Student was able to
high level of several reminders to listen to directions
supervision to complete the initial and complete the
complete the initial sanitation and setup. initial sanitation and
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(10%) sanitation and setup. setup independently
Draping Student had no Student was able to

draping. Student has client properly drape client
Protected hair with partially draped. and effectively
headband, turban, or created a
towel. comfortable setting.
( 10%)
Facial Manipulation 1 Student needed a Student needed few

high level of reminders to
supervision to complete Student was able to
Facial massage complete manipulations. professional execute
manipulation. Facial Facial massage lasted facial manipulations.
massage lasted less 5-9 minutes Facial massages
(40%) than 5 minutes lasted 10 minutes or
more.
Sanitation & Student is unable to Good Student was

organization keep tools and self sanitized throughout
sanitized and Student only the facial procedure.
oranized. performed with Observed all
work area kept clean partial sanitation. sanitation and
and organized Showed little disinfection
through entire exam organization. procedures.
(20%)
Attention to Detail Student doesn't try Student doesn't Student recognizes
use of towels and or is unwilling to readily recognize and corrects the
implements. correct manipulation flaws. Does not but if minimal flaws
or procedures. Facial advised will attempt made--strives for
Application and mask left on face to correct. excellence.
removal of creams quite noticeable. Very little facial No facial product left
(20%) product left on the on skin.
face
References
Wikipedia
Webster dictionary
www.villasport.com › myvillasport › facial-massage-the-s..
www.encyclopedia.com › medicine › facial-massage

Copyright 2020 © Almirall, S.A All rights reserved
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Facial Makeup is a product that is used to color and highlight facial features. They can either
directly add or alter the color or can be applied over a foundation that serves to make the color
even and smooth. Makeup has proven to enhance women's looks, making them appear more
attractive in the eyes of others. The manipulation of contrasts with the eyes and lips against skin
tone is the key reason makeup affects the attractiveness of a person.
Best Reasons and Benefits of Wearing Makeup
a. Makeup makes you more Confident

b. Will keep your Skin Protected
c. Makeup helps in enhancing your appearance
d. You will have more fun with your day when you wear makeup
e. Makeup makes you look perfect in photos
f. You can get a better complexion when you use makeup
Cosmetics for Make up
Face Primer-makeup primer/base This

is
the main stage of composition
formation.
The makeup base usually absorbs a lot
of suitable components, so don't rule
out the use of a face wash. There are
bases for the nose, the eyelids, the
eyelashes, the lips.
You may smooth out the wrinkles
which
make the tiny particles of the skin
matte.
Apply your fingers with such a cosmetic
agent. Please be sure to apply
Concealer is a light masking product
with a liquid consistency. It can hide
pigmentation on the face, that is bruises
under the eyes, redness, light wrinkles.
The corrector is thicker in consistency.
It helps to mask more severe
shortcomings: pimples, scars, spider
veins. Unlike concealer, the corrector
needs time to melt, or it can be mixed
with a moisturising face cream.
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Foundation is another necessary
element for perfect makeup. It`ll help to
protect your face from the negative
impact of the environment, make the
skin smooth, and also help to hide the
flaws and defects of the skin. Be sure to
choose the right product - according to
the type of your skin. Many girls while
selecting a tonal product focus
exclusively on skin colour. Some still
test the cream on the back of the hand.
As a result, in most cases, the cream
isn`t suitable for the face.
Face powder This tool helps to fix
makeup. You can purchase different
types of product. It can be granular,
pressed, friable powder. If you use
these products at home, it`s better to
use friable options. It`s necessary to
take a broad brush and apply powder
with slow movements. The pressed
version will be an excellent assistant
during vacation. You can take such
powder on a journey, to work, it can
easily fit even in a small purse or in a
pocket. This tool is easy to use.
BB Cream or CC Cream is a caring

agent that effectively levels the face and
moisturises the skin while hiding
imperfections. They also have
additional protection from the sun to
SPF 30. Paying attention to such
materials, you can see that unlike the
palette of shades of foundation, BB- or
CC-cream, as a rule, has only three
shades: light, medium, dark. The fact is
that such creams can adapt themselves
to the colour changes of the skin. The
consistency of BB-cream is denser than
the CC-cream.
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Contour powder/creams. Sculptors
and bronzers Sculptors and bronzers
are contouring products with brown
shades. However, by colour, structure,
and application, they are significantly
different. The sculptor has a deep cold
brown, brownish-grey or brownish-
olive shade, approximating the colour
of the natural tone on the face,
depending on your colour. Bronzer, as a
rule, imitates a tan. It has both a warm-
brown and a peach-brown tint. That's
why it needs to be selected and used
carefully .
Highlighter Even though the

highlighter today is one of the most
popular and fast-growing products in
the cosmetic market, many girls still
don`t understand this tool or are at all
afraid of using it, because they think
that they will glow like a disco ball. In
fact, with a properly selected
highlighter, both in colour and
structure, the difference is visible in any
makeup. No product, except for
"roasted" blush, doesn`t give such
freshness and a delicate glow to your
face. The highlighter is usually applied
to the protruding parts of the face, that
is over the malar bone, under the
eyebrow, at the tip of the nose and on a
tick above the upper lip.
Blush will give your face a fresh,
healthy, and radiant look. The main rule
when applying this makeup material -
you should use it in moderation. If you
overdo with blush, then makeup will
look ridiculous
https://www.legit.ng/1192595-makeup-materials-uses.html
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2. For the Eyes
.Mascara Without this tool, no stylish
makeup will do. You can create an exciting
look, make the eyelashes more dense, long,
bulky. Modern manufacturers produce a
variety of options for such a tool. You can
easily find exactly what you need. Choose a
product, focusing on your goal. For
someone, it will be long eyelashes, for
someone - thick
Eye Shadows and pigments If before

applying the dry shadows, you can entirely
confine yourself to a quality base, then
with pigments, especially glitters.
Eye liner
3. For the Lips

a. Tinted Lip Balm: These products are lip balms basically but they have some
colour added to them which serves are a tint
b. Lip Gloss: Gives Instant Shine and glam to your lips
c. Sheer Lipstick
d. Semi-matte Lipstick
e. Cream Lipstick
f. Matte Lipstick
g. Lip Satin
h. Lip Liner
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4.Lipstick/ lip gloss.The obligatory moment in any make-up is the use of lipstick and lip gloss. It is
worth noting that a quality product should last a long time.
5. Makeup items names and their uses Makeup items also play an essential role. To apply beauty
products, you will need a variety of brushes. For each cosmetic product, you should take a separate
brush.
Makeup materials Source: Depositphotos Read more: https://www.legit.ng/1192595-makeup-

materials-uses.html
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Puff and brush for applying powder Source: UGC Read more: https://www.legit.ng/1192595-
makeup-materials-uses.htmlFor the eyes will be useful other brushes. To apply shadows well, you
need to use a square brush. A brush-drop casts a shadow very good. Read
more: https://www.legit.ng/1192595-makeup-materials-uses.html
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For the eyes will be useful other brushes. To apply shadows well, you need to use a square brush. A
brush-drop casts a shadow very good. Makeup brushes Source: Deposit photos For eyebrows, you
should also use a special comb. Often it is replaced by a brush. You can give the hair the right
direction. The final stage of high-quality makeup will be applying lipstick or lip gloss. This can also
be done with a special brush. The main thing is that its tip should be sharp. So you can spread the
lipstick or lip gloss evenly, and the cosmetic itself will last much longer. Read
more: https://www.legit.ng/1192595-makeup-materials-uses.html
Types of Brushes
1. A makeup brush is used to apply makeup onto the face. There are two types of makeup brushes:
synthetic and natural. Synthetic brushes are best for cream products while natural brushes are
ideal for powder products.[20] Using the appropriate brush to apply a certain product allows the
product to blend into the skin smoothly and evenly.
2.A foundation brush is usually a dense brush that distributes the product evenly while smoothing
out the face. This brush is best used to achieve full coverage.
3.A concealer brush has a small, tapered tip that allows for precise spot correction such as
blemishes or discoloration.
4.A stippling brush has soft, synthetic bristles that gives an airbrushed effect. This brush is best
used to achieve light to medium coverage.
5.A blush brush comes in all shapes and sizes and is used to apply blush, allowing the blush to look
natural while giving a flush of color.
6.A powder brush tends to be big and fluffy for quick and easy application of dusting powder all
over the face. Powder gives the appearance of a matte effect.
7.A bronzer blush, which can also serve as a contour brush is an angled brush that gives the face
dimensions and illusions, by allowing the makeup to be placed in substitution of bone structure.
This brush can also be used to add a shimmering highlight illusion to the cheekbones, nose and
chin.
8.A highlight brush, also known as a fan brush, has bristles that are typically spread out and is
used to apply where the sun would naturally hit.
9.An eyeshadow brush is a dense brush that allows shadow to be packed onto the eyelid.
10.A blending eyeshadow brush is used to blend out any harsh lines you may have from the
eyeshadow and can soften the eyeshadow look.
11. An eyeliner brush is tapered with an extra fine tip used for gel eyeliners which allows
precision to line the eyes.
12. A spolia is used to brush out the eyebrows and can also be used as a mascara wand.
13. A lip brush is small to ensure precision and is used to apply lipstick evenly onto the lips.
14. An eyebrow brush is tapered and is slanting from the top, which tends to define the eyebrows
and fill in the empty spaces between brows, to give them a fuller and denser look.
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MAKE UP THEORY
If you’re a practicing makeup artist, you know the importance of the theory behind every
application.
Or, if you’re just starting out in the beauty industry, let us enlighten you on how learning
makeup theory can change the game!
Every client has a different skin type and tone, and a unique face shape. This means that you, the
trusted makeup artist, have to choose the right products. But how do you know which ones will
best match your client’s skin?
That’s where your makeup training comes in handy – without learning the theory behind
makeup artistry, you’re losing a lot of credibility in your work!
What is Make up Theory?
Makeup theory is pretty easy to explain, but much less-so to actually learn.
Your makeup applications work with your client’s skin to produce a finished product, right?
Right. Now how can you be sure that this finish is going to stay for as long as possible? You need
to pick the appropriate products that will complement your client.
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Not only is it about knowing different types of products and being able to match them to skin
types, you also need to be well-versed in color theory. A knowledge of undertones helps you
enhance your client’s natural beauty, and then add to it. Before choosing your shades and colors,
you need to do a careful assessment!
When you learn about the theory, your makeup techniques become more flawless than ever.
Plus, you lessen the risk of having an unhappy customer! When you know about how skin works,
and how to work with different conditions, you can give clients an experience that’s 10x better
than the average makeup appointment.
Why do you need it?

In addition to understanding your client’s skin, makeup theory also helps to improve your
technique. Consider this: you have a client with an oval face shape, and she wants her face to
appear shorter than it really is. How are you going to work this magic?
You guessed it: by using your theory work! Mapping out face shapes will help you know
exactly where to apply products to give a desired effect.
We know – contouring isn’t just for makeup artists. But when you’re working on a face other
than your own, you need to know where to position the contour to create a chiselled look, rather
than leaving a dark streak across your client’s face!
Think about eye shapes, as well. You may have large, round eyes and can make your smoky eye
look perfect, but you also need to practice on other shapes. Take hooded eyes, for example. A
smoky eye is tough to master on a hooded eye shape – and the technique is very different!
Without your theory training, you won’t be able to give your clients a makeup look catered to
their facial type and shape.
How to use it:

Knowing makeup theory off by heart comes with experience, so start looking for models!
Practice what you’ve learned with different skin types, tones, face shapes, and age groups. This is
a start to being able to work on any customer that comes through the door!
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Here are a few tricks to keep in mind:
a. Learn the basic steps on how to tell if your client has a cool or warm skin tone.
b. Use your color theory to cancel out problems and complement your client’s skin tone.
c. Keep a product application guide handy to look up which products work with each skin
type.
d. Creating your own palette gives you access to specific colors and products.
e. Practice your techniques, even when you’ve perfected them!
Never underestimate the importance of skincare!
Knowing how to create looks on different faces will help you distinguish yourself as a true
pro. If you’re trying to copy looks that you’ve been inspired by, you’ll quickly realize that they do
not look the same! You need to adapt your technique and placement to suit your client’s skin.
And when in doubt, don’t be afraid to ask your client! They know their skin best, and can give
you insights on what has worked for them in the past. Plus, you can give them some great tips
and tricks to make their beauty routine that much better!
HOW TO PREP YOUR FACE FOR MAKEUP

Before we get into the best order to apply your makeup, it’s important to work your way through
your skin care routine. You don’t need to spend a ton of time on your skin care routine, but there
are a few simple steps you should take to ensure your skin is ready for makeup. Below, three skin
care steps to take before makeup.
STEP 1: FACIAL CLEANSER

The first step in your skin care routine should be washing your face. Squeeze a small amount of
facial cleanser into your hands, add water to transform it from clay to mousse, then gently massage
it onto your skin and rinse off thoroughly and pat dry.
STEP 2: FACE SCRUB
Exfoliating with a face scrub is a great way to prep your skin for makeup. Smooth a small amount of
face scrub onto clean, dry skin, then massage over your face with wet fingers and rinse off
thoroughly. You can use our face scrubs three times a week.
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STEP 3: MOISTURIZER
Once you’re done washing your face and exfoliating, move onto moisturizer to create a smooth base
for makeup application. Pick a moisturizer that’s formulated for your skin type,
THE BEST ORDER TO APPLY FACE MAKEUP
In terms of makeup, acing your face should be your first order of business before you move on to
your lip makeup and eye makeup. But things can get complicated. Do you really need a primer?
Does concealer come before or after foundation? We’re here to take guesswork out of the equation
with our step-by-step guide to applying face makeup from start to finish.
STEP 1: PRIMER
Using a primer is one of the best things you can do when it comes to applying makeup. Primer can
also help your makeup wear more evenly throughout the day. Choose a primer with a glowing
finish if you have dry skin or a primer with a matte finish if you have oily skin. Regardless of which
primer you pick, apply it all over your face or to targeted areas, depending on your skin’s specific
concerns.
STEP 2: COLOR CORRECT
Have dark circles under eyes or redness you want to hide? Now’s the time to use a color correcting
concealer, to cover these up. Peach, bisque, or orange can disguise dark circles, green can neutralize
the look of redness, purple can hide discoloration, and yellow can mask discoloration. Simply blend
a small amount of color-correcting concealer onto targeted areas using your finger.
STEP 3: CONCEALER
Once you’re done color correcting, finish the cover up process by applying a flesh-toned concealer,
Use the included applicator to blend and buff the concealer into your skin.
STEP 4: FOUNDATION
Your face wouldn’t be complete without a little foundation! There are so many different kinds of
foundation out there, so choose one that suits your needs. For example, if you have oily skin, you
may want to consider using a matte (a.k.a. non-shiny) finish foundation, Whichever foundation you
choose, one of the best ways to apply it is with a makeup blender.
STEP 5: BRONZER, BLUSH, AND/OR HIGHLIGHTER
Next up: Get your glow on or fake a rosy tone by applying a little bronzer, blush, and/or highlighter.
As far as bronzer and highlighter go, put them on areas where the sun would naturally hit your face
(your forehead, nose, cheeks, and chin). When it comes to blush, apply some to the apples of your
cheeks—and remember to smile while doing so!.
THE BEST ORDER TO APPLY EYE MAKEUP
Done with your face? Now, it’s time to move on to applying eye makeup. Get your eyebrow
pencil, eye shadow, eyeliner, and mascara ready because it’s time to get started on your eye
makeup!
STEP 1: EYEBROWS
Nowadays, it’s all about eyebrows—and the bigger, the better. Start by shaping and filling in
your eyebrows to help create a well-defined arch. Not only will this look gorgeous, but it can act as a
guide when it comes time to apply your eye shadow.
STEP 2: EYE SHADOW
When applying eye shadow, follow this guide: First, dust color onto your lids, then follow up with a
crease color, and finally, place a dab of highlighter along your brow bone. For a neutral eye makeup
look for daytime,; for a shimmery night time eye makeup look use the Shadows or other brand.
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STEP 3: EYELINER
We’ve found that it’s easiest to apply eyeliner before mascara but after eye shadow. Reach for a
waterproof eyeliner pencil..You can even use this eyeliner in your waterline (this technique is called
“tight lining”) for added definition.
STEP 4: MASCARA
The final step in make up is putting mascara on your eyelashes.
THE BEST ORDER TO APPLY LIP MAKEUP
You’re almost at the end! After you’re done with your face and eyes, it’s time to show your lips some
love by following this step-by-step makeup routine.
STEP 1: LIP LINER
Before you apply lipstick, you should consider lining your lips—this can help prevent color from
bleeding out or feathering. Choose a lip liner that’s the same shade as your lipstick and outline the
natural line of your lips to help make your pout look fuller. You can also color in your lips with liner
before applying the lipstick to help create a smooth base..
STEP 2: LIPSTICK
Kiss, kiss! Once you’ve prepped your lips with liner, go ahead and swipe on your lipstick shade of
choice. With so many different colors and formulas available, the possibilities are basically endless!
Whether you opt for something shimmery, , or something shiny, , your pout is sure to look stunning.
HOW TO SET YOUR MAKEUP LOOK
Congratulations! You’ve officially finished all of the steps in your makeup routine. Now, help set
your look by spritzing on a setting spray, To use, shake well and hold the bottle 8-10 inches away
from your face. Close your eyes and spray it four to six times in an X and T motion. And there you
have it!
HOW TO REMOVE YOUR MAKEUP AT THE END OF THE DAY

Don’t hop into bed without taking your makeup off first. Sleeping in your makeup can lead to
clogged pores—and clogged pores can lead to breakouts. Make things easy on yourself by keeping a
bottle of micellar water on hand. Micellar water is a no-rinse cleansing option that helps remove
dirt, oil, and makeup from the surface of your skin without harsh tugging. All you have to do is pour
some of the Water Complete Cleanser Waterproof – All Skin Types onto a cotton pad, wipe the pad
across your face, eyes, and lips, and you’re done with makeup removal.
Different Shape of Faces
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What is corrective makeup?
Corrective makeup is a technique that makes use of light and dark shades and colors to highlight
and contour our features, creating the illusion of better balance and proportion. For instance, you
can use corrective techniques to make a narrow top lip appear to be fuller, and to work with
unequal eyebrows to give them a more symmetrical appearance.
The term corrective makeup is sometimes confused with the term camouflage makeup, which is
applied to conceal scars, hyperpigmented (darker) areas and other features that a person wishes to
hide.
When working with corrective makeup, keep a few basic tips in mind:
a. Highlighting emphasizes a feature
b. Shadowing minimizes a feature, making it less noticeable
c. Blend, blend, blend your makeup to create a seamless transformation
between corrected areas
Corrective Makeup Supplies

Depending on the areas you plan to work with, you may need wider selections of makeup and
supplies. A few include:
a. Lip lining pencils in dark, medium, light

b. A variety of foundation colors and shades
c. Concealers in light and darker shades
d. Light to dark eye shadows and eyeliner pencils, including browns and grays
e. Translucent powder
f. Makeup sponges; brushes and applicators
g. Tweezers
Professionals use disposable mascara wands and other throw-away applicators when working with
makeup. You might not choose to use them with your personal supplies, but they do help keep your
makeup collection more sanitary.
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Corrective Makeup Techniques for the Eyes
a. Lengthen round eyes by extending shadow beyond the outer corners
b. Make close-set eyes appear farther apart by placing light shadow in the lids
near the nose, and darker shadow on the outer edges of the lids
c. Use light, reflective colors in the crease to make deep-set eyes emerge; use
darker colors sparingly
d. Extend shadow ever so slightly beyond the side of each eye to make small
eyes look larger
e. Make prominent eyes less noticeable by blending a medium to dark shadow
over the most prominent part of the eyelid, and blending it upward towards
the brow
Corrective Makeup Techniques for the Face

Round or Square Face: Blend a darker foundation on the outer edges of temples, then along the
cheekbones and jawline. Use a lighter foundation along the center of the face, from the forehead to
the tip of your chin.
Narrow Face: Use a light foundation on the outer edges of your cheekbones.
Wide Jaw: Use a darker foundation below the cheekbones and alongside the jawline.
Receding Chin: Use a lighter foundation to highlight the chin.
Double Chin: Use a darker foundation to shade under the jawline and over the double chin.
To Get the “Ideal” Brow
Draw three imaginary lines:

A vertical line alongside the inner corner of the eye and side of the nose (this is where the inner
brow should end)
A vertical line on the outside edge of the iris (this is where the highest point of the arch should be)
A diagonal line starting at one corner of the nose and crossing the outer corner of the eye on the
same side (the line will extend past the brow to indicate where the brow should end)
Corrective Makeup Tips for Eyebrows
1.High arches make your face appear more narrow, which could be a good thing for
a round face, but not as desirable for a face that’s already very narrow. To adjust a high arch,
remove extra hair from its top and fill-in under the eyebrow with pencil or shadow.
2. Add visual height to a low forehead by decreasing the arch.
3. Make your eyes appear farther apart by widening the distance between the
brows and extending the brows slightly outward.
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Corrective Makeup Techniques for Lips
1. Make a thin upper lip appear fuller by lining it with a lip lining pencil (stay on
the outermost area of the lip — extending too far looks artificial) and then
filling in with lip color; reverse the procedure for a thin lower lip.
2. When both lips are thin, line both with a pencil (do not go far past the natural
lip line) and fill in with light lipstick to make lips appear larger
3. Too-full lips: use a lip liner to draw a line just inside the natural lip line; fill in with soft colors,
avoiding frosty or glossy lipsticks that attract attention.
4. Drooping corners: line the lips, focusing on building up the corners; fill in with a soft color.
Makeup Tips from the Experts
Makeup artist Kevyn Aucoin recommends using concealer over the edges of lips before enhancing
their shape.
From Bobbi Brown, about the disappearing lips older women must sometimes contend with: “Stick
to light-to-medium shades of lipstick and gloss, which will make your lips stand out. Choose
creamy, shiny formulas; they reflect light, creating the illusion of fullness. Finally, strengthen your
lip line by tracing the outer edge of your natural border using a liner that’s one shade deeper than
your lip color. Don’t go crazy for fuller lips: Drawing outside your mouth will only make you look
like you’re auditioning for Broadway.”
From Cover Girl: “The softer the brow, the bigger your eyes will appear. Choose a soft shade of
pencil and smudge a deeper shadow along the top lash line. Then finish with black/brown
mascara.”
Before and After Images

Some of the beauty makeovers on the Internet are more the work of Photoshop software than
makeup artists, but before and after photos on the following sites appear to be genuine:
88
Safety Precaution of Makeup Application.
1. Wash your hands before applying makeup. You should never touch your eyes with unwashed
hands, but it is especially important to have clean hands when applying makeup. This is the best
way to prevent transfer of bacteria and germs.
2. Purchase new makeup every six months. Makeup has a shelf life like any other product. Write
the purchase date with a Sharpie on each make-up container so you can replace your makeup in
the recommended time frame.
3. Close makeup containers tightly after use. Keeping containers closed will prevent make-up
from drying out or being exposed to bacteria and germs.
4. Never use a sharp object to separate eyelashes. This may seem like common sense, but
laziness or rushing can cause us to make poor decisions. Don’t let a moment of haste allow you to
put your eyes at risk for injury.
5. Avoid sharing makeup with another person. Avoid the spread of germs by only using your
own makeup. If you like your friend’s mascara, buy a tube for yourself!
6. Replace all eye makeup if you develop an eye infection. If you develop pink eye
(conjunctivitis), a corneal infection or another virus, your make-up has likely been exposed to
that virus as well. Not replacing your makeup means you may be re-infecting your eyes.
7. Do not use water or saliva to thin out old makeup. If the texture of your makeup has changed
or thickened, throw it away. Adding saliva or water could introduce bacteria into your make-up
and cause eye infection.
8. Keep eye pencils sharpened. Make sure to throw away pencils that have hard edges or are
dried out. Hardened makeup requires you to press down more firmly and therefore increasing
the risk that you will scratch your cornea.
9. Store make-up properly. Keep make-up away from extreme heat which may cause it to dry out
or change in texture. Store make-up in a cool, dry place.
10. Never use old applicators for new makeup. You may like a certain applicator that came with
an old tube of mascara or an eye shadow better than the applicator that accompanies its
replacement. Don’t be tempted to keep that old applicator! Bacteria can grow and accumulate on
applicators, so it is important to regularly replace applicators as well as make-up.
89
11. No Sharing Always use and stick to your own makeup and never use anybody else
makeup. This is because by sharing it might lead to transfer of bacteria and viruses hence
causing embarrassing skin contamination’s.
12. Quality Makeup. Lastly and more vitally you should purchase quality and Branded
makeup from licenses professionals in order to avoid harmful materials that may cause
severe health problems.
Assessing Learning
Activity 1
Name: _________________________________ Score: ___________
Multiple choice
Direction: Read the statement carefully and complete the sentence by choosing the best answer
1. What kind of cosmetic is used to set the foundation, giving a matte finish, and also to conceal
small flaws or blemishes?
a. powder
b. lipstick
c. eyeliner
d. blush
2. Which of the following provides the backdrop for the entire colorful facial make-up artistry?
a. concealer
b. blush
c. cheek color
d. foundation
3. How is highlight produced for corrective make-up? A highlight is produced when:
a. a darker foundation than the original one is applied to a particular part of
the face
b. a lighter shade than the original one is applied to a particular part of the
face
c. a medium shade similar to the original one is applied to a particular part of
the face
d. a shadow subdues or minimizes prominent features
4. What must one remember in giving facial manipulations to induce relaxation?
a. routine
b. tempo
c. pressure
d. skin type
90
5. A client comes into the salon for a scalp treatment. She has some obvious
abrasions on her scalp. Which treatment would be acceptable?
a. Apply an antiseptic scalp treatment with minimum massage.
b. Apply an oil treatment with a heat cap.
c. Advise the client of her scalp condition and reschedule her appointment.
d. Give a first aid treatment and proceed with manipulations.
6. Mika noticeably has gray hairs but she is only 11 years old and she is not an
albino. What may be the cause of gray hairs at this early age?
a. Lack of sleep and overexposed to computers.
b. She has serious illness.
c. She has defects in pigment formation occurring at birth.
d. A result of the natural aging process of humans.
7. Who is an albino? A person born with _________.
a. an hypertrichosis or superfluous hair, an abnormal development of hair
b. an absence of colouring matter in the hair shaft, which is accompanied by
no marked of pigment colouring in the skin or irises of the eyes
c. androgenetic alopecia
d. a small involuntary muscle attached to the underside of a hair follicle
8. Lisa applied as public teacher. She doesn't have any experience for job interview.
Could you please help her decide? What type of make-up may she put on?
a. Corrective make-up
b. Light make-up
c. Heavy make-up
d. Photographic make-up
9. Which color concealer 0r colour corrector do you use out of redness?
a. green
b. yellow
c. orange
d. all of these
10. Why did the Egyptian wear eye make up?
a. for good luck
b. To ward off evil spirits
c. To attract a suitor
d. all of these
11. Which of these products will help even out your skin texture?
a. Bronzer Primer
b. Illuminating
c. face powder
d. Concealer
12. What is the use of pressed powder?
a. Concealing flaws
b. Creating shadows
c. Setting makeup/
d. concealer
13. How often should you replace foam blending sponges?
a. once a year
b. 2 to 3 months
c. 6 months
d. 2 years
14. How often should you replace lipstick?
91
a. Every 2 months
b. Every 6 months
c. Every year
d. all of these
15. Where is the best place to test foundation?
a. jawline
b. Forehead
c. Wrist
d. neck
Activity 6
Perform the Make up Application

Rubrics
Fair
Very Good Good Poor
3
5 4 2
Preparedness Almost always Almost always Often forgets
Brings needed
brings needed brings needed needed
materials to
materials to materials but materials or sets
station,
station, may not have up table
correctly
correctly the correct set incorrectly; is
displayed, and is
10% displayed, and is up; is rarely prepared
always prepared
mostly prepared sometimes not and ready to
and ready to
and ready to prepared and work when
work
work ready to work needed
when needed
knowledge Basic Basic

Basic Basic application is application is
application is application is somewhat incorrect
Basic application correct (Cleaned mostly correct correct (Cleaned (Cleaned Face,
Face, (Cleaned Face, Face, Moisturized,
Moisturized, Moisturized, Moisturized, Applied
Applied Applied Applied Foundation)
Foundation) Foundation) Foundation) Simply started
20%
Might have Might have applying
missed one step missed two makeup.
92
steps
Application Technique is Technique is Technique is Technique is

correct in each correct in most correct in some incorrect in
segment of the segments of the segments of the several
technique makeup makeup makeup segments of the
application. Had application. Had application. Had makeup
20%
and referred to and mostly and somewhat application. Did
design while referred to referred to not have design
working. design while design while or did not refer
working. working. to it at all.
Thinking/Inquiry Makeup Makeup Makeup Makeup
procedure is in procedure is procedure is procedure is not
the correct mostly in the somewhat in the in the correct
Makeup steps order with no correct order correct order order and there
interruptions with little to no with few are
20%
between steps. interruptions interruptions interruptions
Using correct between steps. between steps. between steps.
tools for specific Mostly used the Used some Did not use the
makeups correct tools for correct tools for correct tools for
(sponge for specific specific specific
foundation and makeups makeups makeups
cream makeups, (sponge for (sponge for (sponge for
brush for loose foundation and foundation and foundation and
or powered cream makeups, cream makeups, cream makeups,
makeups) brush for loose brush for loose brush for loose
or powered or powered or powered
makeups) makeups) makeups)
Quality of work Makeup

Makeup Makeup Makeup
application is
application is application is application is
somewhat
correct for the mostly correct incorrect for the
Finished look correct for the
chosen style: for the chosen chosen style:
chosen style:
20% daytime, night style day time, daytime, night
daytime, night
time night time time
time
Uses time fairly Loses focus at Needs more

Time- Uses time well
well throughout times during the focus during the
Management throughout the
the facial / facial / makeup facial / makeup
facial makeup
makeup application application
application
10% application process or process to finish
process to
process to finish rushes, but on time
present a
on time finishes on time
completed look.
93
Total score
References "Cosmetics Overview". U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
Liddell, Henry George and Scott, Robert. κοσμητικό ς in A Greek-English Lexicon
Liddell, Henry George and Scott, Robert. κό σμος in A Greek-English Lexicon
Schaffer, Sarah (2006), Reading Our Lips: The History of Lipstick Regulation in Western Seats of
Power, Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard, retrieved 2014-06-05
Burlando, Bruno; Verotta, Luisella; Cornara, Laura and Bottini-Massa, Elisa (2010) Herbal Principles
in Cosmetics, CRC Press
.www.moyoway.com › makeup-types
https://www.facebook.com/fashioniel
https://http://fashioniel.tumblr.com/
:https://www.instagram.com/fashioniel
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MODULE

UNIT I. INTRODUCTION TO COSMETOLOGY

At the end of the unit, I am able to;

Lesson 1. History of Cosmetology

1. Free Edge The end of the nail plate that is

3. The Lunula The half-moon shaped point

4. The Cuticle The overlapping skin

5. The Mantle The skin covers the matrix and

6. The Hyponychium This skin line is where the nail

. The Nail Grooves These are the grooves on the

8. The Nail Walls The skin on both sides of the nail

10.The Matrix This is where the nail is made. It

8 Types of Nail Shapes

Style them with: Any shade of nail polish

easy to file at home.

gives the illusion of length.

your hands appear stumpy.

6. Coffin or Ballerina Nails

have a short nail bed.

Nail Diseases & Disorders

1. Paronychia infections of the nail fold

3. Fungal Infection of the nail plate.

A fungal or yeast infection which results in

6. Ingrown Toenail/ Onychogryposis

Onychorrhexis are brittle nails which often

8. Onychauxis is evidenced by over-

10. Beaus Lines

Pterygium is the inward advance of skin

15. Psoriasis of the nails

Psoriasis of the nails is characterized by

16. Brittle Nails / Splitting Layers &

17. Vertical Ridges

Vertical Ridges are also characteristic of

Nail Patella Syndrome is a rare genetic

Diagnosis and treatment of nail problems

What is the best fungal nail treatment?

Oral antifungal drugs.

( www.mayoclinic.org › diagnosis-treatment › drc-20353300)

1. Finger or Manicure Bowl - is a small

2. Cuticle Nail Pusher - is a tool used to push

3. Cuticle Nipper - is an implement used to

4. Cuticle Scissor - is an implement to cut

5. Manicure Nail Brush - is a plastic handled

6. Manicure Tray - is a flat container where

7. Nail Cutter / Nail Clipper / Nail

8. Nail File - is an implement used to shape

10. Plastic Container for Cotton - is a small

11. Mixing bowl - is a small open-top,

12. Supply Tray - is a flat container that

13. Callous Remover - is a tool designed to

14. Foot file - is made of metal or sandpaper,

15. Foot Spa Basin - is a large rectangular

16. Nail Buffer - is an implement used for

18. Trolley - is a wheeled cart that is pushed

1. Alcohol - is an organic compound used as

2. Antiseptic Solution - is an agent that

3. Apron - is an outer protective garment

3. Assorted Colored Nail Polish - is a

Name: _______________________ Score: _

Name: _______________________ Score: _