FORMULAE

1) For points (x1 , y1 ) and (x2 , y2 ) : 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

 x + x y + y2 
Midpoint =  1 2 , 1 
 2 2 

2) Circle with centre (h, k) and radius r: (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

3) Arithmetic sequences: tn = a + ( n − 1) d ; S n =
n
2a + (n − 1)d ; Sn = n ( a + tn )
2 2

a rn −1
4) Geometric sequences: tn = ar n−1 ; Sn =
( )
(r − 1)
5) Trigonometric graphs: 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)
2𝜋 360⁰
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 = =
𝑏 𝑏
𝑐
𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑆ℎ𝑖𝑓𝑡 = −
𝑏