Ul1678 2012

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UL 1678
Household, Commercial, and Institutional-Use

Carts, Stands and Entertainment Centers for Use
with Audio and/or Video Equipment
UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL –
NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR
DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL
This document is only permissible for use by sophia.vo@vn.bureauveritas.com of Bureau Veritas. 2/11/2014 3:02:00 AM

AUGUST 10, 2012 − UL 1678 tr1
UL Standard for Safety for Household, Commercial, and Institutional-Use Carts, Stands and
Entertainment Centers for Use with Audio and/or Video Equipment, UL 1678
Fifth Edition, Dated August 10, 2012
SUMMARY OF TOPICS
This new edition of ANSI/UL 1678 is being issued to incorporate the requirements of the
Standard for Tall Institutional Carts for Use with Audio-, Video-, and Television-Type Equipment,
UL 1667, and to address flat panel video display technology.
The new/revised requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated
November 18, 2011 and May 18, 2012.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
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not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any purpose.
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The requirements in this Standard are now in effect, except for those paragraphs, sections, tables, figures,
and/or other elements of the Standard having future effective dates as indicated in the note following the
affected item. The prior text for requirements that have been revised and that have a future effective date
are located after the Standard, and are preceded by a ″SUPERSEDED REQUIREMENTS″ notice.
The following table lists the future effective dates with the corresponding reference.
tr2 AUGUST 10, 2012 − UL 1678
Future Effective Date Reference

January 31, 2014 Entire Standard
AUGUST 10, 2012
1
ANSI/UL 1678-2012
UL 1678
Standard for Household, Commercial, and Institutional-Use Carts, Stands
and Entertainment Centers for Use with Audio and/or Video Equipment
The First, Second, and Third Editions were titled Standard for Household,
Commercial, and Professional-Use Carts and Stands.
The Fourth Edition was titled Standard for Household, Commercial, and
Professional-Use Carts and Stands for Use with Audio/Video Equipment.
Prior to the Fifth Edition of UL 1678, the requirements for Tall Institutional Carts
were included in the Standard for Tall Institutional Carts for Use with Audio-,
Video-, and Television-Type Equipment, UL 1667.
First Edition – February, 1991

Second Edition – December, 1996
Third Edition – July, 1998
Fourth Edition – December, 2001
Fifth Edition
August 10, 2012
The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 1678 as an American National Standard

(ANSI) occurred on August 10, 2012. The ANSI approval for this standard does
not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, Title Page, or effective date
information.
This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Fifth Edition.
Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be

submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal
Request in UL’s On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS)
at http://csds.ul.com.
UL’s Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic
copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of UL’s Standards and all
copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the
sole and exclusive property of UL.
COPYRIGHT © 2012 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.
2 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
No Text on This Page
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 3
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
2 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
3 Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
4 Units of Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
5 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
CONSTRUCTION
6 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
7 Corrosion Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
8 Sharp Edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
9 Securement of Supported Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
9.1 General-use carts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
9.2 Tall institutional carts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
10 Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
11 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
12 User Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
13 Wheels, Rollers and Casters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
PERFORMANCE
14 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
15 Temperature Stability Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
16 Tip Stability Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
16.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
16.2 Carts or stands intended to support or store audio and/or video equipment other than a
television or having other general storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
16.3 Carts, stands and entertainment centers having a support surface or mounting surface for
a television . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
16.4 Dynamic tip stability test for tall institutional carts and stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
16.5 Force stability test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
16.6 Appurtenance stability test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
17 Loading Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
18 Handle Strength Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
19 Appurtenance Strength Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
20 Glass Parts – Impact Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
21 Wheel, Roller, or Caster Securement Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
22 Braking Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
23 Adhesives Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
MARKINGS
24 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
25 Use and Care Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
4 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
APPENDIX A
Standards for Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1
APPENDIX B – TEST FIXTURE DETAILS (Refer to Figures 16.1 and 16.2)
APPENDIX C – HISTORICAL CRT TELEVISION TEST FIXTURE WEIGHT AND STABILITY
PARAMETERS
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 5
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
Section 1 effective January 31, 2014
1.1 These requirements apply to household, commercial, and institutional-use carts, stands and
entertainment centers intended to provide a surface for the support or attachment of audio and/or video
equipment.
1.2 These requirements also apply to tall institutional-use carts and stands intended to provide a surface
for the support of audio and/or video equipment that have a support bracket or shelf that is more than 39.4
inches (1 m) above the floor and are intended for use in schools, institutions, hospitals or similar locations
where children or persons with diminished capacity are likely to move them or may be asked to move
them.
1.3 A furnishing intended to support audio and/or video equipment shall be evaluated in accordance with
one of the following:
a) If the audio and/or video support system is an entertainment center or a stand with or
without casters or wheels, this standard applies;
b) If the audio and/or video support system is intended to be mounted to walls, ceilings or
another part of a building structure, the Standard for Wall and Ceiling Mounts and Accessories,
UL 2442, applies;
c) If a cart, stand or support surface is supplied with the audio or video equipment by the
manufacturer of the audio or video equipment, the requirements contained in the audio or video
component standard apply. The Standard for Audio, Video and Similar Electronic Apparatus, UL
60065, or the Standard for Information Technology Equipment – Safety, UL 60950-1, as
applicable to the product, applies.
d) Information Technology and Communications Equipment Cabinets, Enclosure and Rack

Systems are investigated to the Standard for Information Technology Equipment – Safety – Part
1, UL 60950-1 or Audio/Video, Information and Communication Technology Equipment – Part 1:
Safety Requirements, UL 62368-1.
1.4 These requirements do not apply to any electrical circuitry integral to or provided with a cart, stand or
entertainment center.
6 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
2 Glossary
2.1 For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply.
2.2 ACCESSORY – An optional part that interfaces with the basic cart, stand or entertainment center
and is intended to be attached by the user or installer. Subassemblies field assembled to form the basic
cart, stand or entertainment center are not accessories.
2.3 APPURTENANCE – Objects on a cart, stand or entertainment center such as a door, drawer, or a
sliding work surface.
2.4 CART – A stand provided with casters, wheels, or rollers intended to make it easily mobile.
2.5 CRT – Cathode Ray Tube. A vacuum tube containing an electron gun used to create images on
the screen.
2.6 DEDICATED STORAGE AREA – An area of a cart, stand or entertainment center intended to
accommodate specific articles such as storage media: tapes, CDs, DVDs, and flash drives.
2.7 DESIGNATED LOAD – The maximum weight specified by the manufacturer that the cart, stand or
entertainment center is intended to accommodate.
2.8 ENTERTAINMENT CENTER – A furnishing intended to support a television and the associated
audio equipment; also provided with doors, drawers or shelves.
2.9 HANDLE – A feature that is specifically intended to facilitate carrying, transporting, lifting or
movement of the total product. Features such as drawer pulls, knobs on drawers or doors, decorative
moldings and shelf edges are not considered to be handles.
2.10 INSTITUTIONAL AREAS – Include but are not limited to health care facilities, old age
convalescent board and care homes, college dormitories, schools, residence halls, jails, prisons, nursing
care homes, public auditoriums, hotels and motels.
2.11 MAXIMUM ANTICIPATED LOAD – A test weight that is based on the usable volume of a
compartment.
2.12 MOUNTING SURFACE – A surface that is a part of the cart, stand or entertainment center used
for securing a flat panel video display (television) to the cart, stand or entertainment center. Flat panel
video displays are connected to the mounting system or bracket with hardware and fasteners. Mounting
surfaces may be fixed position or adjustable to various angles and heights.
2.13 NORMAL USE – Those operations performed by the user to utilize a fully assembled cart or
stand, with or without equipment and accessory loads installed.
2.14 ORDINARY TOOLS – Tools which are normally expected to be available to the user, such as,
flat-bladed and cross-recessed head (Phillips-type) screwdrivers, hammers, nut drivers, and pliers.
2.15 RACK – A type of framework designed to mount or secure audio, video and ITE equipment.
2.16 RESIDENCE (HOUSEHOLD) – A place where people live such as a house or apartment. The
terms ″household″ and ″residence″ are equivalent.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 7
2.17 SIMULATED TELEVISION LOAD –
A test fixture intended to simulate a video display or television (as used within this Standard, the terms
television, TV, and video display are equivalent).
a) Figure 16.1 – The fixture depicted simulates all technology televisions, monitors or video
displays that are free standing and that will rest on a television shelf.
b) Figure 16.2 – The fixture depicted simulates flat panel video display television technology
and is used for testing when the television is intended to be secured to a mounting bracket
provided with the cart, stand or entertainment center.
2.18 STAND – A structure on or in which audio and/or video equipment and accessories are intended
to be placed, contained, or mounted for support.
2.19 SUPPORTING SURFACE – Any surface (shelf, drawer, or similar surface) that is intended to
support equipment or an accessory that is used with equipment (records, tapes, digital discs,
headphones, and similar products).
2.20 TALL INSTITUTIONAL CART –
a) A cart where the television or apparatus supporting surface is more than 39.4 inches (1 m)
above the floor and the cart is recommended by the manufacturer to be used in institutional
areas where children, or people with diminished capacity are likely to move or may be asked to
move the cart; or
b) A cart where the television when mounted to the mounting surface of the cart places the
center line of the television surface more than 39.4 inches (1 m) above the floor and the cart is
recommended by the manufacturer to be used in institutional areas where children, or people
with diminished capacity are likely to move or may be asked to move the cart.
2.21 TELEVISION – Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), Monitor or Video Display – LED, LCD, OLED, Plasma
or similar equipment intended to provide a visible image or information to the user.
2.22 TELEVISION SHELF – A horizontal or sloping surface specifically identified in the use and care
instructions for the placement and support of a television.
2.23 USER ASSEMBLY – Any mechanical assembly of the cart, stand or entertainment center,
performed by the user.
2.24 UTILIZATION EQUIPMENT – Equipment that utilizes energy for electronic, electromechanical,
heating, lighting or similar purposes.
8 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
3 Components
3.1 Except as indicated in 3.2, a component of a product covered by this standard shall comply with the
requirements for that component.
3.2 A component is not required to comply with a specific requirement that:
a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in the
product covered by this standard, or
b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard.
3.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions of
use.
3.4 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities.
Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not
exceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.
3.5 An adhesively applied marking that is required to be permanent shall comply with the Standard for
Marking and Labeling Systems, UL 969.
3.6 Polymeric materials required to meet flammability requirements shall comply with the Standard for
Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances, UL 94.
3.7 Receptacle outlets provided on a cart, stand or entertainment center shall comply with the Standard
for Relocatable Power Taps, UL 1363, or the Standard for Furniture Power Distribution Units, UL 962A,
and shall be mounted in accordance with the installation instructions.
4 Units of Measurement
4.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or
approximate information.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 9
5 References
5.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shall be
interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.
CONSTRUCTION
6 General
6.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center shall be constructed so that:
a) User assembly and normal use do not result in a risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to
persons; and
b) The materials and components are used within their mechanical, electrical, and temperature
limits.
7 Corrosion Protection
7.1 Ferrous metal parts shall be protected against corrosion by galvanizing, plating, painting, powder
coating, enameling, or other equivalent means when the corrosion of such parts is likely to result in a risk
of fire, electric shock or injury to persons.
8 Sharp Edges
8.1 Sharp edges shall not be accessible during user assembly or normal use. An accessible edge shall
be smooth and well rounded to reduce the risk of a cut-type injury when contacted during user assembly
or normal use. Compliance shall be determined in accordance with the Standard for Test for Sharpness
of Edges on Equipment, UL 1439.
9 Securement of Supported Equipment

9.1 General-use carts
9.1.1 Supporting surfaces of a cart which are located more than 39.4 inches (1 m) above the floor shall
be provided with a means to restrict equipment from sliding off the surface. A minimum 1/8-inch (3.2-mm)
high lip or rail on the sides of the supporting surface or the equivalent obstruction meets the intent of the
requirement.
Exception: A supporting surface that is intended for use with equipment that is secured to it (that is, with
bolts, screws, straps, or other securement means) is not required to comply with 9.1.1. The assembly of
the equipment to the supporting surface shall be in accordance with the Use and Care Instructions,
Section 25.
10 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
9.1.2 The means for securing an electrical product shall be such that it does not present a risk of injury
or electric shock.
9.2 Tall institutional carts
9.2.1 Supporting surfaces on a tall institutional cart which are located more than 39.4 inches (1 m) above
the floor shall be provided with a mechanical means for securing equipment in accordance with 9.2.2.
9.2.2 Acceptable means for securement in accordance with 9.2.1 include screws, straps and similar
securement means. The assembly of the equipment to the supporting surface shall comply with the Use
and Care Instructions, Section 25.
10 Ventilation
10.1 Each enclosed area of a cart, stand or entertainment center intended to accommodate electrical
utilization equipment shall be provided with natural convection openings or a mechanical ventilation
system for the equipment installed within the enclosed area. Installation and use instructions shall be used
to determine the intended use of an enclosed area.
11 Materials
11.1 Polymeric or similar material used in the construction of a cart, stand or entertainment center shall
have a minimum flammability classification of HB. The flammability classification is to be determined by
tests described in the Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and
Appliances, UL 94. A material classified using 1/8-inch (3.2-mm) thick bar specimens is able to be
employed in thicknesses less than 1/8 inch in the cart, stand or entertainment center.
Exception: The following materials are exempt from the requirements of 11.1:
a) Wheels, casters, and caster inserts.
b) External accessories that are not permanently attached to the cart, stand or entertainment
center, such as a screwdriver, container of lubricating oil, and similar accessories.
c) Small parts that satisfy all of the following:
1) The maximum volume does not exceed 0.122 inch3 (2 cm3); and
2) The maximum dimension does not exceed 1.18 inches (3 cm).
d) Polymeric material 0.010 inch (0.254 mm) thick or less.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 11
12 User Assembly
12.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center intended to be user assembled shall comply with the following:
a) The assembly shall be accomplished by the user with ordinary tools or with tools supplied
with the cart, stand or entertainment center.
b) All parts such as screws, bolts, and similar parts that are required to complete the assembly
shall be provided.
c) Assembly instructions shall be provided. The instructions shall not cause the user to commit
an act that in itself might result in a risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons.
13 Wheels, Rollers and Casters

13.1 The attachment of a wheel, roller, or caster to the cart shall comply with the Wheel, Roller, or Caster
Securement Test, Section 21.
13.2 A tall institutional cart shall be provided with casters having a minimum diameter of 4 inches (101.6
mm).
PERFORMANCE
14 General
14.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center shall be assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions. The Use and Care Instructions, Section 25, are to be used as a reference during the
examination and tests of a cart, stand or entertainment center.
14.2 As specified in each test procedure, each shelf, drawer or supporting surface shall be loaded in
accordance with Table 14.1.
12 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Table 14.1
Supporting surface loading parameters
Surface type Load

Television shelf or mounting surface Fully loaded with the manufacturer’s specified weight.
Other supporting surface Fully loaded with the manufacturer’s specified weight.
Dedicated storage area Fully loaded with the manufacturer’s specified weight.
Tall institutional cart designated load A ″designated load″ is to be either the maximum weight
specified by the manufacturer that the tall institutional cart is
intended to accommodate, or the value determined using the
following equation, whichever is greater: W = 0.015V (416V) in
which: W is the weight in pounds (kg), and V is the useable
volume of the compartment in cubic inches (cubic meters). If
the height of the compartment exceeds 7.5 inches (19.1 cm), a
value of 7.5 inches (19.1 cm) is to be used in computing the
volume.
Tall institutional cart maximum anticipated load A ″maximum anticipated load″ is to be used to represent the
worst case equipment loading when the use of a supporting
surface is not specified and is not limited. The weight of the
maximum anticipated load is to be computed by the following
formula: W = 0.03V (832V) in which: W is the weight in pounds
(kg), and V is the useable volume of the compartment in cubic
inches (cubic meters). If the height of the compartment
exceeds 7.5 inches (19.1 cm), a value of 7.5 inches (19.1 cm)
is to be used in computing the volume.
15 Temperature Stability Test

15.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center employing polymeric materials (non-decorative) that provide
structural support of the stand assembly or restraint for equipment shall comply with the stability and
loading tests after the environmental conditioning specified in 15.2.
15.2 An unloaded cart, stand or entertainment center is to be placed in a full-draft circulating-air oven.
The air temperature within the oven is to be maintained at 70°C (158°F) for 7 hours.
16 Tip Stability Test

16.1 General
16.1.1 Section 16.2 applies to a cart or stand intended to support or store audio and/or video equipment
other than a television or having other general storage. When a cart or stand incorporates a support
surface (television shelf) or a mounting surface for a television, Section 16.3 applies. When a cart, stand
or entertainment center incorporates support for audio and/or video equipment or general storage and a
support surface or a mounting surface for a television, both Sections 16.2 and 16.3 apply.
16.1.2 A cart, stand or entertainment center supplied with a system to anchor the product to a structure
shall comply with these requirements without the anchoring or securement system installed.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 13
16.1.3 A test platform or floor larger than the cart, stand or entertainment center shall be used and shall
be level ± 0.2 degrees. The incline plane shall then be placed on or attached to the test platform.
16.2 Carts or stands intended to support or store audio and/or video equipment other than a
television or having other general storage
16.2.1 A cart or stand shall not tip over when placed at the center of a plane inclined to make an angle
of 10 ± 0.2 degrees with the horizontal. The test shall be repeated with any side of the cart, stand or
entertainment center oriented toward the bottom of the incline plane.
Exception: If a stand is permanently marked as indicated in 24.6 to indicate that a side of the unit is to
be placed against a wall or other fixed structure, the marked side is not to be oriented toward the bottom
of the incline plane.
16.2.2 The test shall be conducted with all of the following:
a) The legs, wheels, casters, or similar means of support, arranged in the position most likely
to result in tip-over and blocked so that the cart or stand does not slide on the inclined plane.
The thickness of the mechanism employed to block casters or wheels shall be a maximum of
1/8th the diameter of the caster or wheel.
b) All doors, drawers and other movable or adjustable parts shall be positioned as they will
normally be used. Doors which must be open to view a television or to remotely operate
components shall be in the open position. Doors, drawers, and shelves that are intended for
accessories such as tapes, headphones, digital discs, and similar accessories are to be
secured closed so as not to open when placed on the incline plane.
c) Each of the remaining supporting surfaces not specified in 16.2.2 (b) shall be loaded as
described in Table 14.1, or unloaded, whichever is most likely to result in tip over.
16.2.3 When loading shelves and drawers, the load is to be centered front to back and side to side on
the surface and evenly distributed across the surface under test.
16.2.4 When a supporting surface is provided with a means to secure a product (such as straps, screws
or similar securement means,), the securement means and any use and care instructions are to be used
when positioning the load. The load is to be placed within the confines of the securement means in the
position most likely to result in tip over.
14 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
16.3 Carts, stands and entertainment centers having a support surface or mounting surface for
a television
16.3.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center intended for use with a television shall not tip over when
placed at the center of a plane inclined to make an angle of 10 ± 0.2 degrees with the horizontal and
loaded as specified in Table 14.1. Also refer to Section 16.2 when other storage and support surfaces are
provided. The surface intended to support a television shall be loaded with the simulated television load
described in 16.3.4. If the manufacturer specifies a television weight range, then the test is to be
conducted with the heaviest weight television unless a lower weight television is determined to cause the
cart, stand or entertainment center to be less stable.
16.3.2 Except as described in 16.3.3, when a simulated television load as described in 16.3.4 is used on
a television shelf, it is to be oriented within the confines of the useable television shelf in the position most
likely to result in tip-over. The recommended television shelf is to be specified in the Use and Care
Instructions, Section 25.
16.3.3 When a television shelf or mounting surface is provided with a means to secure the television to
the supporting surface with straps, screws or similar securement means, the use and care instructions are
to be used when positioning the load. The load is to be placed within the confines of the securement
means in the position most likely to result in tip over.
16.3.4 When performing the Tip Stability Test, a simulated television load is to be used to represent the
loading of the television shelf or television mounting surface. The simulated television test fixture weight
and configuration are determined by the specified television weight range recommended for use on the
cart, stand or entertainment center by the manufacturer. See Table 16.1 for the free standing simulated
television loading parameters. The test fixture to be used for the simulated free standing television load is
shown in Figure 16.1. The test fixture for a television intended to be secured to a mounting surface
provided as part of the cart, stand or entertainment center, is shown in Figure 16.2. Appendix C provides
the reference for the weight to size ratio of CRT televisions for carts, stands and entertainment centers.
Exception: Simulated TV weight load test fixtures other than those specified in Figure 16.1 or Figure 16.2
may be used if found to provide the same test results as obtained by the specified test fixtures.
16.3.5 If the cart, stand or entertainment center has both a television shelf and television mounting
surface, each of these surfaces shall be tested individually (one surface at a time).
Exception: If the use and care instructions specify the cart stand or entertainment center is intended for
use with more than one television.
16.3.6 The test shall be repeated with any side of the cart, stand or entertainment center oriented toward
the bottom of the incline plane.
Exception: If the cart, stand or entertainment center is permanently marked as indicated in 24.6 to
indicate that a side of a unit is to be placed against a wall or other fixed structure, the marked side is not
to be oriented toward the bottom of the incline plane.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 15
16.3.7 The test shall be conducted with all of the following:
a) The legs, wheels, casters, or similar means of support, arranged in the position most likely
to result in tip-over and blocked so that the cart, stand or entertainment center does not slide on
the inclined plane. The thickness of the mechanism employed to block casters or wheels shall
be a maximum of 1/8th the diameter of the caster or wheel.
b) All doors, drawers and other movable or adjustable parts shall be positioned as they will
normally be used . Doors which must be open to view a television or to remotely operate
components shall be in the open position. Doors, drawers, and shelves that are intended for
accessories such as tapes, headphones, digital discs, and similar accessories are to be
secured closed so as not to open when placed on the incline plane .
c) Each of the remaining supporting surfaces shall be loaded as described in Section 16.1 and
Table 14.1 or unloaded whichever is most likely to result in tip over.
16.3.8 A mounting surface that allows the longest axis of the television to be mounted horizontally or
vertically shall be tested in both orientations. If the mounting surface is adjustable or articulating, the
mounting surface shall be moved to the least stable position. The adjustment may be made either prior to
or after placement on the incline plane. The test fixture to be used to simulate a television mounted to an
integral mounting bracket is shown in Figure 16.2 and an example of the weight distribution is shown in
Figure 16.3.
16.3.9 Figure 16.2 represents a center of gravity of the mounted television at 3 inches ± ½ inch from the
bracket mounting surface. This is the default center of gravity for all mounted televisions. All carts, stands
or entertainment centers provided with a mounting surface shall comply with the stability and loading tests
at this center of gravity position.
Exception No. 1: A manufacturer may test and specify a center of gravity range or a distance from the
front plane of the television to the mounting surface in the use and care instructions provided the 3 inch
position is included within the range. The product shall be permanently marked in accordance with 24.7.
Exception No. 2: A cart, stand or entertainment center designed to mount a specific television or television
series may be tested using that television series or using the test fixture shown in Figure 16.2 with a
center of gravity at other than 3 inches provided the cart, stand or entertainment center is permanently
marked as specified in 24.8.
16 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Table 16.1
Simulated free standing television loading parameters
(Refer to Figure 16.1)
The furniture manufacturer’s The height above supporting surface Angle of stable equilibrium a
maximum recommended television to the center of support fixture rod,
weight, lbs (kg) inches (cm) when using the test
fixture shown in Figure 16.1
25 (11.3) < 35 (15.9) 9 (22.9) 15
35 (15.9) < 50 (22.7) 11 (27.9) 15
50 (22.7) < 95 (43.1) 13 (33.0) 15
95 (43.1) < 135 (61.2) 15 (38.1) 15
135 (61.2) < 175 (79.4) 17 (43.2) 15
175 (79.4) < 240 (108.9) 19 (48.3) 15
240 (108.9) 21 (53.3) 15
aThe simulated television test load fixture shall be stable in the forward direction at the angle specified and become unstable
(tip over) when the angle is increased by 1 degree.
This is generated text for figtxt.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 17
Figure 16.1
Simulated free standing television test fixture
Note: Detail fixture drawings are provided in Appendix B.
18 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure 16.2
Simulated flat panel television test fixture for carts, stands, and entertainment centers that are
provided with integral television mounting brackets
Note: Detail fixture drawings are provided in Appendix B.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 19
Figure 16.3
Weight positions for Figure 16.2 placing the television center of gravity at 3 inches ±1/2 inch
from the mounting surface
Note: This assembly positions the center of gravity at about 3 inches from the mounting surface. Along the bottom of the drawings,
the 3” line is shown by a grey dashed line and the center of gravity line is a black dashed line. The solid black line is the center of
gravity of just the aluminum test fixture and the bold black dashed line is the center of gravity of just the weights and steel hardware.
The test fixture weighs 20 lbs.
20 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
16.4 Dynamic tip stability test for tall institutional carts and stands
16.4.1 When configured as described in Table 14.1, the angles at which a tall institutional cart becomes
unstable in one direction and in the opposite direction shall be in accordance with the following equation:
in which:
a is the angle at which the combination becomes unstable in one direction,
b is the angle at which the combination becomes unstable in the opposite direction, and
p is the distance in feet between the axles of the wheels in the direction of tilt, see Figure 16.4.
NOTES –
1) If angle a does not equal angle b, angle b shall be the larger of the two angles.
2) Wheels shall be positioned such that the distance between them is at a minimum.
All drawers, doors, slide-out shelves and the like shall be in the closed or ″slide-in″ position, as normally
would be expected when moving the tall institutional cart.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 21
Figure 16.4
Dynamic tip stability
16.4.2 A tall institutional cart or a cart and load combination is to be tipped in the direction of travel
permitted by the fixed wheels. A tall institutional cart or cart and load combination with no fixed wheels
may be tipped in any direction.
16.5 Force stability test
16.5.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center greater than or equal to 39.4 inches (1 m) above the floor
shall be subjected to the force stability test specified in 16.5.2 and 16.5.3.
16.5.2 The cart, stand or entertainment center shall be placed on a level surface ± 0.2 degrees. The unit
under investigation is to be blocked to prevent sliding but the blocking is not to prevent tipping. A cart,
stand or entertainment center shall not tip over when subjected to the force specified in 16.5.3. The unit
shall be subjected to the force specified in 16.5.3 on each side of the unit. The cart, stand or entertainment
center shall be loaded in accordance with Table 14.1. Doors, drawers, shelves and other appurtenances
shall be adjusted to create the least stable condition.
Exception: A stand or entertainment center provided with use and care instructions that indicate to place
one side of the unit against a fixed rigid vertical structure and is in addition marked in accordance with
24.6 is not required to comply with the force stability test in the planes parallel to the specified fixed
structure.
22 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
16.5.3 The cart, stand or entertainment center shall be subjected to a gradually increasing horizontal
force applied through the center of an 8 inch (203 mm) diameter disc at any location centered along a
horizontal line 48 inches (1219 mm) above the floor. For units between 39.4 in (1 m) and 48 inches (1219
mm) tall the force is to be applied 4 inches below the top surface. The force is to be increased until either
a 40 pound (180 N) force is attained or the assembly inclines to an angle of ten degrees without tipping
over, whichever occurs first. The force is then to be gradually reduced to zero. See Figure 16.5.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 23
Figure 16.5
Force stability test
24 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
16.6 Appurtenance stability test
16.6.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center intended for use with audio and/or video equipment or a
television, shall not tip over when a door, drawer, shelf or other appurtenance located within 30 inches
(76.20 cm) of the floor is manipulated and loaded by applying a 50-pound (22.68-kg) weight to the top
edge of the door at a point 3 inches (7.62 cm) in from the top edge. See Figure 16.6.
16.6.2 The cart, stand or entertainment center shall be placed on a level surface ± 0.2 degrees. The
support surfaces shall be loaded as specified in Table 14.1.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 25
Figure 16.6
Appurtenance loading
26 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
17 Loading Tests
17.1 The cart, stand or entertainment center shall be constructed so that there is no collapse or
permanent damage that results in a risk of injury to persons when the supporting surfaces are loaded as
specified in 17.2 followed by 17.3.
17.2 Method I – A cart, stand or entertainment center shall be constructed so that there is no collapse or
permanent damage that results in a risk of injury to persons when each supporting surface is individually
loaded with:
a) Two times the load specified in Table 14.1 plus 100 lbs. (45 kg) for the television shelf or
mounting surface;
b) Four times the load specified in Table 14.1, not to exceed 100 pounds (45 kg) for all other
supporting surfaces; or
c) The maximum intended load for a dedicated storage area intended to accommodate a
specific accessory.
17.3 Method II – All supporting surfaces are to be loaded with the weight specified in Table 14.1 so that
the cart, stand or entertainment center is supporting the total specified load(s) for the cart, stand or
entertainment center. The load(s) shall remain in place for one minute. The load(s) shall be uniformly
applied to each supporting surface.
18 Handle Strength Test

18.1 When tested as described in 18.2 and 18.3, a handle shall not break nor shall there be any breakage
of the securing means, including that portion of the cart, stand or entertainment center to which the handle
is attached. Refer to the definition of Handle, 2.9.
18.2 A cart, stand or entertainment center handle shall simultaneously withstand a force of twice the
combined weight of the cart, stand or entertainment center and the weight of each supporting surface
loaded with the weight specified in Table 14.1.
18.3 The load is to be uniformly applied without clamping over a 3-inch (7.6-cm) width at the center of
the handle. The load is to be started at zero and gradually increased so that the total testing value is
attained within 5 – 10 seconds and then maintained for a period of one minute. If more than one handle
is furnished on the product, the force is to be distributed between the handles. The distribution of forces
is to be determined by measuring the percentage of the product weight sustained by each handle, with
the product in the intended position for movement. If a product is furnished with more than one handle
and can be moved by only one handle, each handle shall be capable of sustaining the total test load. The
test load is to be applied in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 27
19 Appurtenance Strength Test

19.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center shall be constructed such that deformation or damage does
not result in a risk of injury to persons when each appurtenance (such as a shelf, drawer, or door) that is
located with 30 inches (76.20 cm) of the floor is separately loaded with a force of 50 lbf (222 N) applied
in the downward direction for one minute. The force shall be applied:
a) With the appurtenances in the position that results in the maximum stress in the
appurtenance; and
b) At a point on the appurtenance which will produce the most severe results.
19.2 To determine compliance with 19.1, the cart, stand or entertainment center is to be stabilized to
prevent tip-over and the force is to be applied through the end of a 2-inch (50.8-mm) diameter right circular
cylinder. The force is to be applied to any appurtenance that is within 30 inches (762 mm) of the floor and
is likely to support part or all of a child’s weight.
20 Glass Parts – Impact Test

20.1 Structural glass parts shall comply with the Impact Test, 20.2. Any glass part relied on for the cart,
stand or entertainment center to comply with the requirements in this standard is to be evaluated as a
structural glass part. A decorative glass part having an area greater than 1 ft2 (0.093 m2) or having a major
dimension greater than 18 inches (457 mm), shall not be broken, shattered (totally or in part), or displaced
when tested as described in 20.2. A decorative glass part is any glass part not determined to be a
structural part.
Exception: Tempered glass parts that comply with the requirements in the Standard Performance
Specifications and Methods of Test for Safety Glazing Material Used in Buildings, ANSI Z97.1, Class A
are not required to comply with the Impact Test.
20.2 A decorative glass part shall withstand a single impact of 2.5 ft-lbf (3.39 N·m). The impact shall be
applied as described in 20.1 to any area of the glass, except the edge.
28 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
21 Wheel, Roller, or Caster Securement Test

21.1 A wheel, roller, or caster shall be capable of withstanding a pull equal to the loaded weight of the
cart divided by the number of wheels, rollers, or casters supporting the loaded weight of the cart when
applied as described in 21.2.
21.2 The force is to be applied by a weight or a steady pull for a period of 1 minute as shown in Figure
21.1. The force shall be applied at the axle center of the wheel, caster or roller. The force is to be applied
with the specimen at room temperature. The wheel, roller, or caster shall not pull free from its securing
means and shall remain suitable for its intended use.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 29
Figure 21.1
Wheel, roller, or caster securement test
30 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
22 Braking Test
22.1 Parking brakes, if provided on a cart shall be tested in accordance with 22.2. The wheels shall
remain locked throughout the test. The wheel may slide along the supporting hardwood surface but shall
not rotate.
22.2 Each supporting surface of the cart is to be simultaneously loaded with 150 percent of the weight
specified in Table 14.1.
22.3 A constant force, sufficient to move the cart from rest through a distance of 1 foot (30.5 cm), is to
be applied at a point that results in an equal distribution of force on all wheels. The test is to be performed
on a plain hardwood surface consisting of a layer of nominal 3/4-inch (19-mm) thick tongue and groove
oak flooring mounted on two layers of nominal 3/4-inch (19-mm) thick plywood. The assembly is to rest
on a concrete floor or an equivalent nonresilient surface.
23 Adhesives Test
23.1 Parts of a cart, stand or entertainment center secured solely by adhesives shall withstand the
conditioning described in 23.2 without the adhesive deteriorating to the extent that the cart, stand or
entertainment center no longer complies with the requirements of this standard.
Exception: Parts not essential for compliance with the requirements in this Standard are not required to
be tested.
23.2 Two representative carts or stands shall be conditioned as follows:
a) One cart, stand or entertainment center for either: 7 days in a circulating-air oven operating
at a minimum of 100°C (212°F), or 14 days at 90°C (194°F), or 21 days at 87°C (188°F), or 60
days at 82°C (179°F); and
b) One cart, stand or entertainment center for 7 days in an environment of minimum 85 percent
relative humidity at 32.0°C (89.6°F).
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 31
MARKINGS
24 General
24.1 Unless stated otherwise, all required markings shall be permanent die-stamped, ink-stamped, or
paint-stenciled lettering. Adhesive-backed label systems shall comply with the requirements for indoor-use
labels in the Standard for Marking and Labeling Systems, UL 969. Minimum letter height shall be 3/32 inch
(2.4 mm) as measured by characters such as ″b″, ″1″, or ″H″. A contrasting background shall be provided
for legibility.
24.2 When a three part warning mark is required, the individual letters of the first word of a cautionary,
warning, danger marking – ″CAUTION″, ″WARNING″, and ″DANGER″ – shall be larger than the letters of
the statement that follows, and shall not be less than 7/64 inch (2.8 mm) high. The cautionary, warning,
danger word shall be preceded by the safety alert symbol which is composed of an equilateral triangle
surrounding an exclamation mark, . The Safety Alert symbol shall comply with Product Safety Signs and
Labels, ANSI/NEMA Z535.4.
24.3 A product shall be legibly and permanently marked with:
a) The manufacturer’s name, trade name, or trademark or other descriptive marking by which
the organization responsible for the product is identified;
b) A distinctive (″catalog″ or ″model″) number or the equivalent;
c) The date or other dating period of manufacture not exceeding any three consecutive months.
Exception No. 1: The manufacturer’s identification is able to be in a traceable code if the product
is identified by the brand or trademark owned by a private labeler.
Exception No. 2: The date of manufacture is able to be abbreviated; or be in a nationally accepted

conventional code or in a code affirmed by the manufacturer, provided that the code:
d) Does not repeat in less than 10 years for a household product and less than 20 years for an
institutional product; and
e) Does not require reference to the production records of the manufacturer to determine when
the product was manufactured.
24.4 When the same product is produced or assembled at more than one factory, each product shall
have a distinctive marking, which is able to be in code, to identify the factory of origin.
24.5 A product shall be marked as follows:
a) A television support shelf or television mounting surface shall be permanently marked where
it will be readily visible prior to the placement or installation of a television (The marking may be
hidden by the television when the television is set in place or installed) with the maximum
allowable weight of television intended for use with the cart, stand or entertainment center.
Exception: A supporting surface or compartment obviously intended to accommodate

accessories, such as records, tapes, earphones, digital discs, and similar accessories, is not
required to be indicated for use with the intended load.
32 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
b) The marking shall consist of the following: The safety alert symbol, , preceding the
following, “Warning – For use with televisions weighing _____lbs (Kg) or less. Use with heavier
televisions may result in instability causing tip over resulting in death or serious injury”, where
the blank contains the manufacturer’s specified maximum television weight in pounds and
kilograms. Other supporting surfaces may be marked with the maximum specified weight or the
information may be presented as shown in the Use and Care Instructions, Section 25.
24.6 In accordance with the Exception to 16.2.1, a cart, stand or entertainment center not tested with a
specific side facing the bottom of the inclined plane, shall have that side permanently marked with the
following where visible to the installer, “WARNING – Risk of death or serious injury. This surface must be
placed against a fixed in place wall at least as tall as the television” or an equivalent statement.
24.7 In accordance with Exception No. 1 to 16.3.9, a cart, stand or entertainment center tested with a
specific center of gravity range shall be permanently marked with the following where visible when
installing the television, “WARNING – Risk of death or serious injury. For use with TVs 1-3 inches thick”
or an equivalent statement.
24.8 In accordance with Exception No. 2 to 16.3.9, a cart, stand or entertainment center tested with a
television or television series shall be permanently marked with the following where visible when installing
the television “WARNING – Risk of death or serious injury. For use with model series _______ television
only”, or an equivalent statement, where the blank contains the manufacturer’s name and model or model
series of television.
24.9 A tall institutional cart shall be provided with a marking as shown in either Figure 24.1 or Figure 24.2
(or the equivalent) that is permanently attached to the front of the cart and positioned so that it is visible
after placement of the intended equipment. If a tag is used, the wording and symbols shown in Figure 24.1
or 24.2 shall be provided on both sides of the tag. The marking shall be factory applied.
24.10 A tall institutional cart that complies with the Exception to 25.7 shall be permanently marked with
the URL address where the use and care instructions can be obtained.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 33
Figure 24.1
Tall institutional cart warning marking – example 1
34 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure 24.2
Tall institutional cart warning marking – example 2
25 Use and Care Instructions
25.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center shall be provided with legible instructions pertaining to the risk
of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons that is associated with the use of the system, such as operation,
user-maintenance, loading, storage, and, as applicable, electrical issues including grounding or
double-insulation. The instructions shall not cause the user to commit an act that might result in a risk of
fire, electric shock, or injury to persons.
25.2 The maximum weight of the television that the cart, stand or entertainment center is intended to
support, as well as the intended load of all other supporting surfaces and dedicated storage areas, shall
be specified in the use and care instructions. When a supporting shelf 15 inches or greater in depth is
provided for the television, the maximum diagonal CRT television screen size shall be stated in the use
and care instructions. Appendix C provides the diagonal screen size and weight relationship.
Exception: A supporting surface or compartment obviously intended to accommodate accessories, such

as records, tapes, earphones, digital discs, and similar accessories, is not required to be indicated for use
with the intended load.
25.3 The recommended maximum width of the television intended for use with the cart, stand or
entertainment center shall be specified.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 35
25.4 On carts or stands having either an open back or no back panel, and intended for use with CRT type
televisions, it is acceptable to have a CRT television extend rearward, beyond the rear edge of the cart,
stand or entertainment center if marked in accordance with 24.6.
25.5 The Warning Markings shall be repeated in the use and care instructions.
25.6 The use and care instructions shall contain safety alerting information advising of the following child
safety issues:
a) “WARNING – Death or serious injury may occur when children climb on audio and/or video
equipment furniture. A remote control or toys placed on the furnishing may encourage a child to
climb on the furnishing and as a result the furnishing may tip over on to the child″.
b) ″WARNING – Relocating audio and/or video equipment to furniture not specifically designed
to support audio and/or video equipment may result in death or serious injury due to the
furnishing collapsing or over turning onto a child″.
25.7 The use and care instructions shall either be combined in a single manual or be separate manuals,
and shall be packed with the cart, stand or entertainment center.
Exception: In accordance with 24.10, an institutional cart may be permanently marked with a web
address providing the use and care instructions electronically through a web address. The marking shall
include a statement indicating that the appropriate instructions can be viewed, downloaded, and printed at
http://www.___.com/___/. The manufacturer shall supply the appropriate URL address where the actual
instructions can be viewed, downloaded, and printed.
25.8 When the installation of an accessory is specified detailed instructions for the installation shall be
provided with the accessory.
25.9 The instructions shall make reference to the manufacturer’s or private labeler’s catalog designations,
or equivalent, for the system and related parts, and shall include the manufacturer’s or private labeler’s
name and address. All required WARNING and CAUTION statements shall be in bold faced, upper case
letters.
25.10 Use and care instructions shall be illustrated and include directions and information required to
complete the intended assembly of the system, and related parts, including reference to the existence of
accessories tested for use with the system.
25.11 The instructions shall include particular details concerning:
a) The parts required and the step-by-step process for assembling the cart, stand or
entertainment center if shipped unassembled including the methods of securing of the
component parts to each other. Component part descriptions shall be illustrated and described
in written form, including accurate identification of major parts such as the equipment support
members and any other critical assembly of components.
b) The materials or parts to be employed to secure the equipment to the cart, stand or
entertainment center if required.
c) Limits to the proper position related to fixed structures when required to comply with the
Force Stability Test. See Section 16.5. The following statement shall be included in the
instructions, ″WARNING – Risk of death or serious injury. This surface must be placed against
a fixed in place wall at least as tall as the television″, or an equivalent statement.
36 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
25.12 When parts of the system are able to be adjusted or manipulated by the user, instructions shall be
provided regarding their use. An illustration is able to be used with a required instruction to clarify the
intent, but shall not replace the written instruction.
25.13 Any safety or user instructions that are provided with a component or accessory part of the system
shall be provided with the instructions for the system. Installation instructions shall also be provided if the
user will be installing the component or accessory.
25.14 The instructions shall specify the maximum load for each load-bearing surface. The instructions
shall be in both written and pictorial information as shown in Figure 25.1 and 25.2.
25.15 User-maintenance instructions shall include Instructions for cleaning and user maintenance
operations specified by the manufacturer, such as lubrication or non-lubrication, and a statement to the
user that any other servicing is to be performed by an authorized service representative or that the
mounting system has no user serviceable parts.
25.16 A cart, stand or entertainment center shall be identified in the use and care instructions if intended
for institutional use.
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 37
Figure 25.1
Pictorial marking – example 1
Cart Model 123
Product installation
38 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure 25.2
Pictorial marking – example 2
″WARNING – Risk of Collapse and Instability. This cart is intended for use only with the equipment and maximum weights indicated.
Use with other equipment or equipment heavier than the maximum weights indicated may result in instability causing possible
injury.″
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 A1
APPENDIX A
Standards for Components
Standards under which components of the products covered by this standard are evaluated include the
following:
Title of Standard − UL Standard Designation
Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances, Tests for Flammability of – UL 94
Sharpness of Edges on Equipment, Test for – UL 1439
A2 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 B1
APPENDIX B – TEST FIXTURE DETAILS
(Refer to Figures 16.1 and 16.2)

B2 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure B1
CRT DLP FPT TV simulator - foot rail
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 B3
Figure B2
CRT DLP FPT TV simulator - side base rail
B4 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure B3
CRT DLP FPT TV simulator - front/rear base rail
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 B5
Figure B4
CRT DLP FPT TV simulator - vertical rail
B6 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure B5
CRT DLP FPT TV simulator - brace
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 B7
Figure B6
CRT DLP FPT TV simulator - weight rod
B8 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure B7
Flat Panel TV simulator - front view
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 B9
Figure B8
Flat Panel TV simulator - rear view
B10 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure B9
Flat Panel TV simulator – horizontal rail
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 B11
Figure B10
Flat Panel TV simulator – vertical rail
B12 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure B11
Flat Panel TV simulator – mounting plate
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 B13
Figure B12
Flat Panel TV simulator – weight bracket
B14 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 C1
APPENDIX C – HISTORICAL CRT TELEVISION TEST FIXTURE WEIGHT AND STABILITY

PARAMETERS
C1.1 The free standing television test fixture shown in Figure 16.1 is also representative of CRT
televisions. Table C1 is provided so that when a manufacturer specifies a maximum weight for the cart
stand or entertainment center television supporting surface that the equivalent CRT diagonal screen size
can be provided in the use and care instructions. See 25.2.
C1.2 A CRT weight and configuration are determined by the maximum diagonal screen size of the
television recommended for use by the cart, stand or entertainment center manufacturer. (See Table C1
for simulated television load parameters and Figure C1 for an example of a test fixture to be used with
Table C1 for the ″simulated television load″).
Table C1
Simulated television load parameters
Maximum screen diagonal Total weightb, Height above supporting Angle of unstable
measurement recommended lbs (kg) surface to center of support equilibriuma
for use with surface, rod,
inches (cm) inches (cm)
Up to 13 (33.02) 25 (11.34) 6-3/4 (17.15) 25°
14 – 16 (35.56 – 40.64) 35 (15.88) 7-1/2 (19.05) 25°
17 – 20 (43.18 – 50.80) 50 (22.68) 9 (22.86) 22°
21 – 24 (53.34 – 60.96) 70 (31.75) 10 (25.40) 21°
25 – 27 (63.50 – 68.58) 95 (43.09) 11 (27.94) 20°
28 – 32 (71.12 – 81.28) 135 (61.23) 13 (33.02) 15°
33 – 35 (83.82 – 88.90) 175 (79.38) 15 (38.10) 15°
36 – 40 (91.44 – 101.60) 240 (108.86) 17 (43.18) 13°
a The fixture shall be stable in the forward direction at the angle specified and become unstable (tip over) when the angle is
increased by 1 degree.
b Includes weight of test fixture.
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C2 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012
Figure C1
Example of test fixture for simulated CRT television load
Front view
Figure C1 (Cont.)
Right side view
AUGUST 10, 2012 UL 1678 C3
Figure C1 (Cont.)
Top view
Bottom, Front, Angle Brace and Cross Brace shall consist of minimum 1/8-inch (3.2-mm) thick metal angle or channel with C-shaped
cross section.
NOTES – Dimensions of the test fixture shall be based on the size of the television being simulated.
C4 UL 1678 AUGUST 10, 2012

Ul1678 2012

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This document is only permissible for use by sophia.vo@vn.bureauveritas.com of Bureau Veritas.

Household, Commercial, and Institutional-Use

NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR

Fifth Edition, Dated August 10, 2012

Future Effective Date Reference

First Edition – February, 1991

August 10, 2012

The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 1678 as an American National Standard

This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Fifth Edition.

Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be

COPYRIGHT © 2012 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.

Standards for Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1

APPENDIX B – TEST FIXTURE DETAILS (Refer to Figures 16.1 and 16.2)

d) Information Technology and Communications Equipment Cabinets, Enclosure and Rack

2.17 SIMULATED TELEVISION LOAD –

2.20 TALL INSTITUTIONAL CART –

b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard.

6.1 A cart, stand or entertainment center shall be constructed so that:

9 Securement of Supported Equipment

9.1 General-use carts

9.2 Tall institutional carts

a) Wheels, casters, and caster inserts.

c) Small parts that satisfy all of the following:

2) The maximum dimension does not exceed 1.18 inches (3 cm).

d) Polymeric material 0.010 inch (0.254 mm) thick or less.

13 Wheels, Rollers and Casters

Surface type Load

15 Temperature Stability Test

16 Tip Stability Test

16.2.2 The test shall be conducted with all of the following:

16.3.7 The test shall be conducted with all of the following:

maximum recommended television to the center of support fixture rod,

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Note: Detail fixture drawings are provided in Appendix B.

Note: Detail fixture drawings are provided in Appendix B.

a is the angle at which the combination becomes unstable in one direction,

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16.5 Force stability test

16.6 Appurtenance stability test

18 Handle Strength Test

19 Appurtenance Strength Test

20 Glass Parts – Impact Test

21 Wheel, Roller, or Caster Securement Test

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23.2 Two representative carts or stands shall be conditioned as follows:

24.3 A product shall be legibly and permanently marked with:

b) A distinctive (″catalog″ or ″model″) number or the equivalent;

Exception No. 2: The date of manufacture is able to be abbreviated; or be in a nationally accepted

24.5 A product shall be marked as follows:

Exception: A supporting surface or compartment obviously intended to accommodate

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Exception: A supporting surface or compartment obviously intended to accommodate accessories, such

25.11 The instructions shall include particular details concerning:

Cart Model 123

Standards for Components

APPENDIX B – TEST FIXTURE DETAILS

(Refer to Figures 16.1 and 16.2)

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APPENDIX C – HISTORICAL CRT TELEVISION TEST FIXTURE WEIGHT AND STABILITY

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