Science Practice Tests 2

Time Allowed: 2.5 hours

Instructions:

1. Answer all questions.

2. Multiple choice questions are worth 1 mark each.
3. Structured response questions are worth 10 marks each.

Page 1 of 16
Section A - Multiple Choice (40 marks)

1. Which mixture consists of large particles that 5. Compared to a dilute solution, a concentrated
settle out over time? solution has:

a) Solution a) More solvent and less solute

b) Suspension b) More solute and less solvent

c) Colloid c) Equal solute and solvent

d) Compound d) Solvent as the solute

2. What is solubility? 6. What causes the Tyndall effect observed for

colloidal mixtures?
a) Ability of a solution to conduct electricity
a) Absorption of light
b) Maximum amount of solute that dissolves in
a solvent b) Scattering of light

c) Minimum amount of solute needed to make a c) Reflection of light

solution
d) Refraction of light
d) Tendency of a solute to avoid water

7. How can a suspension be separated?

3. What happens when you add more solute to
a) By filtration
a saturated solution?
b) By distillation
a) The solute dissolves
c) By evaporation
b) The concentration increases
d) By chromatography
c) No more solute dissolves

d) More solvent is required

8. What is the mass percent concentration if 5 g
of salt is dissolved in 100 g of water?
4. How does solubility change as temperature
a) 0.05%
increases for most solid solutes?
b) 5%
a) It increases
c) 50%
b) It decreases
d) 500%
c) It stays the same

d) It first increases then decreases

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9. How does solute particle size affect rate of
solubility?
a) Smaller particles dissolve faster
b) Larger particles dissolve faster
c) Particle size does not affect rate
d) Only molecular size matters
10. Which solution has the lowest
concentration?
a) 10 g dye in 1 L water
b) 5 g salt in 500 mL water
c) 1 g sugar in 50 mL water
d) 0.1 g ethanol in 5 mL water
11. How can mass percent concentration be
calculated?
a) Mass solute divided by mass solution
b) Mass solute divided by volume solution
c) Volume solute divided by mass solution
d) Volume solute divided by volume solution
12. What causes an unsaturated solution to
become saturated?
a) Adding more solute
b) Removing solvent
c) Diluting with more solvent
d) Changing the temperature
13. Which change indicates a chemical change
has occurred?
a) Change in color
b) Change in state from liquid to gas
c) Change in temperature
d) Change in shape
14. Particles in a solution cannot be separated
by filtration but particles in a suspension can.
What does this tell you?
a) Solution particles have higher polarity
b) Suspension particles have higher density
c) Solution particles are smaller
d) Suspension particles are larger
15. How does solubility change with
temperature for gaseous solutes?
a) Solubility increases
b) Solubility decreases
c) Temperature has no effect
d) Solubility first increases then decreases
16. What happens when a saturated sodium
chloride solution is cooled from 50°C to 20°C?
a) More NaCl precipitates
b) NaCl crystallizes
c) The concentration increases
d) No change occurs
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17. Which mixture can be classified as 21. Which solution has the highest
homogeneous? concentration?

a) Sand and water a) 10 g salt in 1 L water

b) Oil and vinegar b) 1 g sugar in 100 mL water

c) Air c) 0.5 g dye in 25 mL alcohol

d) Granite d) 5 g glucose in 2 L water

18. Compared to a concentrated solution, a 22. Which statement is true about colloids?
dilute solution has:
a) Particles settle out on standing
a) More solute particles
b) Particles pass through filter paper
b) Fewer solute particles
c) Particles have sizes between 1-1000 nm
c) The same number of solute particles
d) Particles can be separated by filtration
d) No solute particles

23. Which of the following is not a characteristic

19. How does solubility change when a solution property of colloids?
is diluted?
a) Particles do not settle on standing
a) It increases
b) Particles pass through filter paper
b) It decreases
c) Particles scatter light passing through
c) It remains the same
d) Cannot be separated by ordinary filtration
d) It first increases then decreases

24. Which change represents a physical change?

20. How does solubility change with pressure
a) Burning paper
for gaseous solutes?
b) Rusting of iron
a) Solubility increases with increasing pressure
c) Melting wax
b) Solubility decreases with increasing pressure
d) Decomposing water with electricity
c) Pressure has no effect on solubility

d) Solubility first increases then decreases with

pressure

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25. How does solubility change when 29. What is the concentration in percent by
temperature increases for a gaseous solute? mass of 35 g NaCl dissolved in 100 g water?

a) Solubility increases a) 25%

b) Solubility decreases b) 35%

c) Solubility stays the same c) 65%

d) Solubility first decreases then increases d) 100%

26. What is the mass percent of a solution 30. What happens to a solution when it is
containing 10 g of NaCl dissolved in 100 g of heated?
water?
a) Solubility increases
a) 9.1%
b) Solubility decreases
b) 10%
c) Pressure has no effect
c) 50%
d) Solubility first decreases then increases
d) 90%

31. Compared to larger particles, smaller

27. Which solution has the lowest concentration particles will dissolve
of solute particles?
a) More slowly
a) 10 g NaCl in 1 L water
b) Less Completely
b) 5 g MgSO4 in 500 mL water
c) More Quickly
c) 1 g dye in 100 mL alcohol
d) At a lower Temperature
d) 0.5 g protein in 1 L water

32. What causes a saturated solution to become

28. Raoult's law describes the: unsaturated?

a) Vapor pressure of solutions a) Heating the solution

b) Freezing point depression b) Cooling the solution

c) Viscosity of mixtures c) Compressing the solution

d) Conductivity of electrolytes d) Diluting the solution

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33. How does solubility change with
temperature for most solid solutes?
37. Which solution is concentrated compared to
a) Solubility stays the same the others?

b) Solubility decreases a) 5 g dye in 500 mL

c) Solubility increases b) 10 g salt in 1 L

d) Solubility first increases then decreases c) 1 g sugar in 100 mL

d) 0.1 g protein in 10 mL

34. Which change represents a chemical

change?
38. The solubility of a gas decreases as
a) Tearing paper temperature increases. This is because the gas
particles have:
b) Melting ice
a) lower kinetic energy
c) Grinding coffee beans
b) stronger intermolecular forces
d) Burning wood
c) higher kinetic energy

d) smaller molecular size

35. What causes carbon dioxide bubbles to form
when a soft drink bottle is opened?

a) The drink becomes saturated with carbon 39. Which change indicates a physical change?
dioxide
a) Burning paper
b) Pressure decreases allowing CO2 to escape
b) Rusting of iron
c) Temperature increases dissolving more CO2
c) Mixing baking soda and vinegar
d) CO2 reacts with water producing gas
d) Freezing water

36. Which change is evidence that a chemical

40. Which statement is true about a solution?
reaction has occurred?
a) Particles settle on standing
a) Change in state from solid to liquid
b) Particles scatter light
b) Change in shape
c) Particles do not dissolve
c) Production of a gas
d) Particle size is less than 1 nm
d) Change in color

Page 6 of 16
Section B - Structured Response Questions (60 marks)

1. a) Define solubility. (2 marks)

_____________________________________________________________________________________
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b) How does solubility change as temperature increases for most solid solutes? (3 marks)

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c) How can you determine solubility using a solubility curve? (3 marks)

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d) What happens when a saturated NaCl solution at 50°C is cooled to 30°C? (2 marks)

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Total 10 marks

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 2. a) Define concentration of a solution. (2 marks)

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b) Calculate the mass concentration of a solution made by dissolving 10 g of sodium chloride in 100 cm 3
of water. (4 marks)

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c) Explain the difference between a concentrated and dilute solution. (2 marks)

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d) Which has a higher concentration: 100 g dye in 1 L solution or 10 g dye in 100 mL solution? Explain.

(2 marks)

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Total 10 marks

Page 8 of 16
3. a) Define suspension. (2 marks)

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b) Describe an experimental method to distinguish a suspension from a solution. (4 marks)

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c) How does particle size affect the separation of suspensions? (2 marks)

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d) How can particle size in a suspension be decreased? (2 marks)

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Total 10 marks

Page 9 of 16
4. a) Define molarity of a solution. (2 marks)

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_____________________________________________________________________________________

b) Calculate the molarity of 250 mL solution containing 0.25 moles of glucose, C6H12O6. (4 marks)

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_____________________________________________________________________________________

c) How is molarity related to the concentration of a solution? (2 marks)

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_____________________________________________________________________________________

d) Compare molarity and mass percent for expressing concentration. (2 marks)

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Total 10 marks

Page 10 of 16
5. a) Define saturated solution. (2 marks)

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b) Describe how solubility curves can be used to prepare saturated solutions. (3 marks)

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c) What happens when a saturated NaCl solution at 50°C is cooled to 30°C? Explain. (3 marks)

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d) How does solubility change when a saturated solution is diluted? (2 marks)

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Total 10 marks

Page 11 of 16
6. a) Define solute and solvent in a solution. (2 marks)

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

b) For each example, identify the solute and solvent: salt water, carbonated water, brass. (3 marks)

(i) Salt water:

_____________________________________________________________________________________

(ii) Carbonated water:

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(iii) Brass:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

c) How does temperature affect solubility of solid and gaseous solutes? (3 marks)

_____________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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d) Explain why stirring helps solids dissolve faster in water. (2 marks)

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Total 10 marks

END OF TEST

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Answer Key

1. B 6. B 11. A 16. A 21. C 26. B 31. C 36. C

2. B 7. A 12. A 17. C 22. C 27. D 32. D 37. C
3. C 8. B 13. B 18. B 23. B 28. A 33. C 38. C
4. A 9. A 14. D 19. C 24. C 29. B 34. D 39. D
5. B 10. B 15. B 20. A 25. B 30. A 35. B 40. D

1. a) Define solubility. (2 marks)

Solubility is the maximum amount of a solute that dissolves in a solvent at a certain temperature.

b) How does solubility change as temperature increases for most solid solutes? (3 marks)

For most solid solutes, solubility increases as temperature increases. The solute and solvent particles
move faster at higher temperatures and collide more often. This breaks intermolecular attractions
allowing more solute to dissolve.

c) How can you determine solubility using a solubility curve? (3 marks)

The solubility curve shows how solubility changes with temperature. The solubility at a particular
temperature can be found from the curve. Solutions above the curve are saturated while those below
are unsaturated.

d) What happens when a saturated NaCl solution at 50°C is cooled to 30°C? (2 marks)

Solubility decreases with decreasing temperature. As the solution is cooled to 30°C, NaCl will
precipitate out until solubility reaches the lower value at 30°C.

2. a) Define concentration of a solution. (2 marks)

Concentration is the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent.

b) Calculate the mass percent of a solution made by dissolving 10 g of sodium chloride in 100 g of water.
(4 marks)

Mass of NaCl = 10 g

Mass of water = 100 g

Mass Concentration = (Mass of solute/Volume of Solvent)

= 10 g / 100 cm3

= 0.1 g/cm3

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c) Explain the difference between a concentrated and dilute solution. (2 marks)

A concentrated solution has a large amount of solute in a solvent. A dilute solution has a small amount
of solute dissolved in a solvent.

d) Which has a higher concentration: 100 g dye in 1 L solution or 10 g dye in 100 mL solution? Explain. (2
marks)

10 g dye in 100 mL has a higher concentration. Although 100 g is more dye, it is dissolved in a much
larger 1 L volume. 10 g in 100 mL is more concentrated.

3. a) Define suspension. (2 marks)

A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture containing visible particles that settle out over time.

b) Describe an experimental method to distinguish a suspension from a solution. (4 marks)

- Filter the mixture - the suspension will leave particles on the filter paper while the solution passes
through.

- Allow both to stand - the suspension particles will settle while the solution will not.

- Suspension is cloudy, solution is clear.

- Suspension scatters less light compared to a solution.

c) How does particle size affect the separation of suspensions? (2 marks)

Larger particles in a suspension settle out more quickly and are easier to separate compared to smaller
particles. The rate depends on the particle size.

d) How can particle size in a suspension be decreased? (2 marks)

Grinding/crushing the particles mechanically reduces the size. Adding detergent can also break apart
clumps to decrease size.

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4. a) Define molarity of a solution. (2 marks)

Molarity is the number of moles of solute dissolved per litre of solution.

b) Calculate the molarity of 250 mL solution containing 0.25 moles of glucose, C6H12O6. (4 marks)

Moles of glucose = 0.25

Volume of solution = 250 mL = 0.25 L

Molarity = Moles/Volume

= 0.25 moles/0.25 L

=1M

c) How is molarity related to the concentration of a solution? (2 marks)

Molarity measures concentration. A solution with a higher molarity has more moles of solute per litre,
indicating a higher concentration.

d) Compare molarity and mass percent for expressing concentration. (2 marks)

Molarity uses moles while mass percent uses masses. Molarity is better for stoichiometry calculations.
Mass percent is easier to measure out when preparing solutions.

5. a) Define saturated solution. (2 marks)

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute dissolved at a particular temperature.

b) Describe how solubility curves can be used to prepare saturated solutions. (3 marks)

The solubility curve indicates how much solute can dissolve at different temperatures. To make a
saturated solution, the amount of solute corresponding to the solubility at that temperature is dissolved.

c) What happens when a saturated NaCl solution at 50°C is cooled to 30°C? Explain. (3 marks)

Solubility decreases with decreasing temperature. When cooled to 30°C, the solution now exceeds the
lower solubility limit at that temperature. The excess NaCl will precipitate until concentration reaches
the saturation point at 30°C.

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d) How does solubility change when a saturated solution is diluted? (2 marks)

Diluting decreases the concentration, so more solute can dissolve before reaching saturation again.
Solubility increases with dilution.

6. a) Define solute and solvent in a solution. (2 marks)

Solute: the substance being dissolved

Solvent: the substance doing the dissolving

b) For each example, identify the solute and solvent: salt water, carbonated water, brass. (3 marks)

- Salt water: Solute - salt; Solvent - water

- Carbonated water: Solute - carbon dioxide; Solvent - water

- Brass: Solute - zinc; Solvent - copper

c) How does temperature affect solubility of solid and gaseous solutes? (3 marks)

- Solid solutes: Solubility increases with increasing temperature

- Gaseous solutes: Solubility decreases with increasing temperature

d) Explain why stirring helps solids dissolve faster in water. (2 marks)

Stirring mixes the solution bringing fresh solvent in contact with the solute. It causes more particle
collisions to break solute-solute bonds allowing the solute to dissolve more quickly.

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