Triangles

Triangles
• Knowing many properties of triangles is extremely important

• There are different types of triangles, and certain rules for those
triangles
 What are triangles?
• A triangle is a flat figure made up of three straight lines that connect at
three angles. The sum of these three angles is 180°

• Each of the three sides of a triangle is called a “leg”.

 Special Triangles
• There are a few “special” triangles that are common in
mathematics.

1) Equilateral triangles

2) Isosceles triangles

3) 30-60-90 triangles Also

called
“right
4) 45-45-90 triangles (one type of isosceles) triangles”
 Equilateral Triangles
• An equilateral triangle is a triangle that has three equal legs
and three equal angles. The leg measure can be anything,
but the angles are always 60° each in equilateral triangles
 Isosceles triangles
• An isosceles triangle is a triangle in which two sides and
two angles are equal:
 Isosceles triangles example 1

• Find the value of angle “x”

 Isosceles triangles example 2

• Find the value of angle “y”

 Right triangles
• A right triangle is a triangle in which one of the angles
measures 90°. This means that the sum of other two angles
must be 90° as well.
 30-60-90 triangles

• There are some relations for such triangles

 30-60-90 triangles example 1

• Find the value of “b”

 30-60-90 triangles example 2

• Find the value of “b”

 30-60-90 triangles example 3

• Find the value of “b”

 45-45-90 triangles
• These are special isosceles triangles that also have some
important relations on your booklet!
 45-45-90 triangles example 1
• Find the value of “c”
 “Pythagorean theorem”
• This is one of the most important theorems (rules) in
geometry!
 “Pythagorean theorem”
• The Pythagorean theorem works only for right triangles!
• It allows you to find one side of a right triangle if you know
the other two!
 “Pythagorean theorem”
• The Pythagorean theorem works only for right triangles!
• It allows you to find one side of a right triangle if you know
the other two!
 “Pythagorean theorem”
• The Pythagorean theorem works only for right triangles!
• It allows you to find one side of a right triangle if you know
the other two!
 “Pythagorean theorem”
• The Pythagorean theorem works only for right triangles!
• It allows you to find one side of a right triangle if you know
the other two!
Practice: find the missing side measures
 Area of triangles
• The equation for area of triangles are given in the SAT
booklet!
Similar triangles and ratios
 Similar triangles and ratios
• Similar triangles are the triangles whose
angles are same!
• Ex:
 Similar triangles and ratios
• In such triangles, one is usually a few times
bigger than the other:
• Ex:
 Similar triangles and ratios
• We extend a line and observe the
corresponding sides
• Ex:
Shortcut (parallel sided triangles)
Homework Pt 1.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
 Answers:
• 1) 6
• 2) B
• 3) D
• 4) A
• 5) 97
• 6) B
• 7) B
• 8) 29/3
• 9) 30
• 10) 1/6
• 11) B
• 12) 5/18
• 13) B
• 14) 144
• 15) C