Elemen CP: Membaca – Memirsa (Reading – Viewing)

Tujuan Pembelajaran:
1. Setelah disediakan factual report text tulis, peserta didik mampu menjelaskan isi teks
dengan benar dan tepat.
2. Setelah disediakan factual report text tulis, peserta didik mampu menentukan dan
menganalisis gagasan utama, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan dengan benar dan tepat.

TSUNAMI

The word “tsunami” comes from the Japanese language meaning Great Waves (Tsu: port and
Nami: wave). Adapan agreed definition by many people is a tsunami is a natural disaster
caused by rising sea waves to the mainland at high speeds due to an earthquake centered
under the sea. The quake could have been caused by soil erosion, the plates shifting, volcanic
eruptions and who experienced meteor that crashed in the ocean. This usually happens when
earthquakes exceed magnitude 7 on the Richter scale. Tsunami is quite dangerous, especially
for those who live in Area Beach. With great power, he will sweep everything in its path.

When talking about the tsunami, then we would have to start with the cause, namely the
earthquake in the ocean. Tsunami always preceded a powerful movement that we commonly
call an earthquake. Although it is known that there are various types of these earthquakes,
90% of the tsunami caused by the movement of the plates in the earth that happened to be
located in areas of the oceans. It should be also mentioned, the history of tsunamis was ever
recorded due to the eruption of Krakatoa.

An earthquake in the earth’s bowels will result in pressure in the vertical direction so that the
bottom of the sea will rise and fall in a short time span. This will then lead to an imbalance in
the ocean water which is then pushed into a large wave that moves to reach the mainland.

With the great power there in the water waves, naturally, the buildings on the mainland can
be washed away easily. The tsunami waves propagate at speeds unimaginable. He could
reach 500 to 1000 kilometers per hour at sea. And when it reaches the shore, the speed is
reduced to 50 to 30 kilometers per hour. Although reduced rapidly, the pace was able to cause
severe damage to humans.

If we look at the tsunami, of course, we understand that there is no human intervention in it.
Thus, we do not have control to prevent these causes. However, with preparation and
maximum vigilance, we can minimize the tsunami's impact. A good example has been shown
in Japan. Although prone to tsunamis, the awareness of people can reduce the number of
victims of disasters.
 TORNADO
The word tornado comes from the Spanish language and means to twist or turn. A tornado is
a whirlwind produced by atmospheric conditions, mainly extremely low pressure, during a
severe thunderstorm.
Tornadoes usually turn counterclockwise. They appear as funnel-shaped columns of violently
rotating winds that reach down from a storm and touch the ground. Although a tornado is not
always visible to the eye, tornado conditions can still be picked up on the radar, or the
tornado may become visible once debris and dirt are pulled into it.
A tornado may also be referred to as a funnel cloud, but this is technically not the correct
term. While the two words are sometimes used interchangeably, a funnel cloud is different,
not in its makeup, but in the fact that it does not touch the ground. Another name that is often
used to describe a tornado is a twister, due to its violent twisting motion.
The tornado is one of the most unpredictable and destructive forces of nature, often
destroying everything in its path. A tornado is usually preceded by severe storms, which may
include lightning, high winds, and frequent hail. It can change course without notice and is
usually accompanied by a roaring sound, or as some describe it, the sound of a freight train.
Read the text above carefully, and then answer these questions briefly.
 Covid-19 in Indonesia
Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus namely SARS-Cov-2.
This virus first appears in Wuhan, China, and eventually spreads to many countries, including
Indonesia.
In Indonesia, the first case of Covid-19 was reported on March 2, 2020. After WHO declared
Covid-19 a pandemic, all the activities such as working and studying are done at the home.
However, the case of novel coronavirus keeps growing. At the end of March, the total case of
this disease reaches 1528 cases. To respond to this pandemic, UNICEF has been leading
efforts with the government, the World Health Organization, and other partners.
The President also issued regulations regarding the pandemic. Government Regulation No.
21/2020 is issued to regulate the large-scale social restrictions or PSBB and is implemented
in coordination and collaboration with various parties, in accordance with statutory
provisions.
 ELEPHANT
Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth, and they’re one of the most unique-looking
animals, too. With their characteristic long noses, or trunks; large, floppy ears; and wide,
thick legs, there is no other animal with a similar physique.
Most experts recognize two species of elephant: the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and
the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), who live on separate continents and have many
unique features. There are several subspecies that belong to one or the other of these two
main species, though experts argue over how many subspecies there are and whether or not
they constitute separate species.
African elephants live in sub-Saharan Africa, the rainforests of Central and West Africa and
the Sahel desert in Mali, according to National Geographic. Asian elephants live in Nepal,
India and Southeast Asia in scrub forests and rainforests.
 SMARTPHONE
A smartphone is a portable computing device that combines mobile telephone and computing
functions into one unit.
They are distinguished from feature phones by their stronger hardware capabilities and
extensive mobile operating systems, which facilitate wider software, internet (including web
browsing over mobile broadband), and multimedia functionality (including music, video,
cameras, and gaming), alongside core phone functions such as voice calls and text messaging.
Smartphones typically contain a number of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) integrated
circuit (IC) chips, including various sensors that can be leveraged by pre-included and third-
party software (such as a magnetometer, proximity sensors, barometer, gyroscope,
accelerometer, and more), and support wireless communications protocols (such as
Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or satellite navigation).
 Flexible Screen Technology
In the future, the mobile phone will be our flexible friend. It will be able to change shape
to tell us when we receive a message. A model called MorePhone has been created by
scientists at the Human Media Lab in Canada. It’s based on flexible plastic technology
developed in Cambridge in the UK by an organization called Plastic Logic. Rachel Lichten,
who works at Plastic Logic, describes how the scientists there have developed a process for
manufacturing flexible plastic displays which are as thin as paper. They copy the appearance
of writing on paper and use a type of plastic to create layers of electronic transistors.
The flexible screens can be any size and are easy to read in direct sunlight. They can be
black and white or color and are very thin and light – Lichten says you can even jump on
them. They use very little power, so there is no need for large batteries, and this makes them
easy to carry around. Lichten says this technology could be used for heart monitoring, smart-
watches, and second screens for mobile phones – because the image does not disappear, your
phone can keep your boarding card details for a flight for example even when your phone’s
battery is dying. Plastic Logic also works with a Japanese company that makes giant
electronic signs.
Plastic Logic has spent 13 years developing this new technology. Their challenge now is
to help customers to think of new ways to use it. Lichten says it is always the same with new
technologies. She says ‘bringing new technology to the market is a challenge, especially
because it is revolutionary. However, for the next generation of products, you have to know
what the next generation of products will be.’ Working with mobile phones or laptops that
can roll up like a piece of paper could turn hardware into flexi-ware’.
 Streaming Video
Streaming video is a sequence of “moving images” that are sent in compressed form over the
Internet and displayed by the viewer as they arrive. Streaming media is streaming video with
sound. With streaming video or streaming media, a Web user does not have to wait to
download a large file before seeing the video or hearing the sound. Instead, the media is sent
in a continuous stream and is played as it arrives. The user needs a player, which is a special
program that uncompresses and sends video data to the display and audio data to speakers. A
player can be either an integral part of a browser or downloaded from the software maker’s
Web site.
Streaming video is usually sent from prerecorded video files, but can be distributed as part of
a live broadcast “feed.” In a live broadcast, the video signal is converted into a compressed
digital signal and transmitted from a special Web server that is able to do multicast, sending
the same file to multiple users at the same time.