CLEA Reduction ENGINEERING | MEDICAL | FOUNDATION (1) LiAIH, R-CHO —— > RCH,OH RGR —> R-GH-R ° OH RCOOH ——> R-CH,OH R--O-F-R—> 2R-CH,OH Qo 0 R-G-OR’ > RCH.OH+R’OH == R-G-NH, —> R-CH,NH, 0 0 9 OH 9 ay SS R-C-Cl i] ~ > R-CH,OH = RLCN—> R-CH.-NH, C=C/C=C ——> Noreaction Exception : Ph-CH=CH-COOH ——> Ph-CH,-CH,-CH,OH (2) NaBH,, EtOH Aldehyde ——> 1° Alcohol Ketone ——> 2°Alcohol Acid halide ——> 1° Alcohol (3) Na/EtOH (Bouvealt Blanc reduction) Aldehyde ——> 1° Alcohol Ketone ——> 2°Alcohol Acid halide ——> 1°Alcohol | Ester ——> Alcohol + Alcohol RCN ——> RCH,NH, (4) Na-Hg/HCI or AI[OCHMe,], (MPV Reduction) Aldehyde ——> 1° Alcohol Ketone ——> 2°Alcohol (5) Rossenmund’s Reduction R-c-c} —te/Pd/BaSO. , R-CH=0 i (6) Birch reduction (Li/Na/K + Liquid NH,) oO —_— R. Note : Terminal alkynes not reduced C=C NoeeZ R-C=C-R ——> yor, (trans alkene)CLEAR EXAM ENGINEERING | MEDICAL | FOUNDATION (7) Stephen's Reduction _ ny QUSNCIHCL RB _cHeo R-C=N@HO Note : DIBAL-H is also used for same conversion. (8) | Clemmensen Reduction Se-0 Zhao, cy, — (Keto) (alkane) Avoid if acid sensitive groups are present in molecule. e.g. C=C,C=C,OH, OR, (9) Wolff-Kishner Reduction “cso NH.-NHJ/KOH/A CH, — (Keto) (alkane) Avoid if base sensitive groups are present in molecule. e.g.COOR,COX,CONH,, -CO-O-CO-, R-X HJPdiCacoy, RNG g-R i —C=C-R > = (10) Lindlar Catalyst Rc=c-R ‘Quinoline ye oy Note : H,, Pd, BaSO, is also used for same conversion. ae aiken) (11) Red Phosphorus and HI Almost all functional groups contaning compounds converts into corresponding alkane by red P + HI. + R-CH,OH—> R-CH, + R-CHO—> R-CH, + R,CO—>R,CH, (Alkane) (12) DIABAL-H reduction R-G-oR' —O> RCH=O + ROH 3 DIBAL-H R-C=N —~~—-> R-CH=O At ordinary temperature esters reduced to alcohols but at low temperature esters reduced to aldehyde.