ELECTRONIC FUEL

INJECTION SYSTEM
 Why Gasoline injection?
• To have uniform distribution of fuel in multi-cylinder
engine
• Improve volumetric efficiency
• To reduce or eliminate detonation
• To improve fuel efficiency
 Types of Injection system
• Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI)
• Port Fuel Injection (PFI)
– Timed - ~ 2 – 35 bar
– Continuous ~ 1.5 bar
• Manifold injection

A. Single point – Throttle body injection

B. Multipoint
Type of Injection systems

GDI
 Components of injection system
• Pumping
• Metering
• Mixing
• Mixture control
• Distributing
• Timing
• Ambient control
 Sensors
• Exhaust gas or Oxygen sensor
• Engine temperature sensor
• Air-flow sensor
• Air-inlet temperature sensor
• Throttle position sensor
• Manifold pressure sensor
• Cam-shaft / Crank angle position sensor
• Knock sensor
 Advantages of Electronic Fuel
Injection (EFI) system
• Improved volumetric efficiency
• Eliminate manifold wall wetting
• Improved atomization of fuel
• Uniform distribution of fuel
• AFR is independent of position of vehicle
• Better drivability
• High Cost
• Difficult servicing and possibility of malfunction
of sensors
 MPFI
a) Throttle body Injection b) MPFI c) GDI
 D-MPFI

Intake manifold vacuum

sensor Injector

ENGINE ECU

RPM Sensor
 L-MPFI
Air flow sensor

Intake Manifold

Injector

ENGINE

ECU
Electronic Diesel Injection System
• Injection timing
• Fuel injection quantity
• Injection rate
• Injection pressure
• Nozzle opening speed
• Pilot injection timing and quantity
Common Rail Diesel Injection
 Input sensors for CRDI system
• Engine speed
• Crank shaft position
• Accelerator pedal position
• Intake air temperature
• Lubrication oil temperature
• Intake air mass flow rate
• Turbocharger boost pressure
CRDI Engine Management System