DRUG NAME

(Generic/Brand Name/ MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING

Classification/Dosage/ ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES/PRECAUTION
Frequency)
Binds to mu-opioid Moderate-to- History of head injury, CNS: SEIZURES, Use appropriate pain scales (visual
TRAMADOL receptors. Inhibits moderately severe epilepsy or other dizziness, headache, analogue scales, others) to document
Therapeutic: analgesics reuptake of serotonin pain. seizure disorder; somnolence, anxiety, whether this drug is successful in
(centrally acting) and norepinephrine in History of drug or CNS stimulation, helping manage the patient's pain.
Pharmacologic:opioid the CNS. alcohol addiction ; confusion,
agonists Therapeutic Effects: ↓ Metabolic disorder; coordination Advise patient that centrally acting
50mg pain. Using certain disturbance, euphoria, analgesics are usually more effective if
1 Tab SL medicines to treat malaise, nervousness, given before pain becomes severe;
migraine; Headaches, sleep disorder, emphasize that adequate pain control
muscle spasms, weakness. EENT: visual will allow better participation in
depression, mental disturbances. CV: physical therapy.
illness, or nausea and vasodilation. GI:
vomiting; Severe constipation, nausea, Watch for new seizures or increased
asthma or breathing abdominal pain, seizure activity, especially at the onset
problems; Blockage in anorexia, diarrhea, dry of drug treatment. Document the
stomach or intestines; mouth, dyspepsia, number, duration, and severity of
Recently used alcohol, flatulence, vomiting. seizures, and report these findings
sedatives, tranquilizers, GU: menopausal immediately to the physician or
or narcotic symptoms, urinary nursing staff.
medications. retention/frequency.
Derm: pruritus, Assess dizziness that might affect gait,
sweating. Neuro: balance, and other functional
hypertonia. Misc: activities (See Appendix C). Report
physical dependence, balance problems and functional
psychological limitations to the physician and
dependence, nursing staff, and caution the patient
tolerance. and family/caregivers to guard against
falls and trauma.