Computer memory is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily, like RAM (random

access memory), or permanently, like ROM (read-only memory). Memory devices utilize integrated
circuits and are used by operating systems, software, and hardware.

When information is put in memory, it is written. When information is grabbed from memory, it is read.

Volatile vs. non-volatile memory

Memory can be either volatile or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory loses its contents when
the computer or hardware device loses power. Computer RAM is an example of volatile
memory. It is why if your computer freezes or reboots when working on a program, you lose
anything that wasn't saved. Non-volatile memory, sometimes abbreviated as NVRAM, keeps its
contents even if the power is lost. EPROM is an example of non-volatile memory.

Tip

Computers use both non-volatile and volatile memory.

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What is CPU: It’s meaning is Central Processing Unit. Sometimes referred to simply as
the central processor or Nerve Centre or heart, but more commonly called
processor, the CPU is where most calculations take place. The CPU is the brains of
the computer.

We’ll be covering the following topics in this tutorial:

 CPU Definition
 Parts of CPU

CPU Definition

Central processing unit (CPU) is the central component of the Computer System.
Sometimes it is called as microprocessor or processor. It is the brain that runs the
show inside the Computer. All functions and processes that is done on a computer is
performed directly or indirectly by the processor. Obviously, computer processor is one
of the most important element of the Computer system. CPU is consist of
transistors,that receives inputs and produces output.Transistors perform logical
operations which is called processing. It is also, scientifically, not only one of the most
amazing parts of the PC, but one of the most amazing devices in the world of
technology.
In terms of computing power, the computer processor is the most important element of
a computer system. It add and compare its data in cpu chip. A CPU of all computers,
whether micro, mini or mainframe must have three parts.

Parts of CPU

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): It is the part of computer processor (CPU) can be used
to perform arithmetic and logic operations. An arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) is further
divided into two parts, (AU) arithmetic unit and a (LU) logic unit.

Control Unit (CU): Decodes the program instruction. CPU chip used in a computer is
partially made out of Silica. on other words silicon chip used for data processing are
called Micro Processor.

Registers: It is temporary storage areas of the computer processor. It is managed by

control unit(CU). Registers holding data,instruction and address that are needed by
program while running.

The processor plays a significant role in the following important aspects of your
computer system;
Performance: The processor is probably the most important single determinant of
system performance in the Pc. While other components also play a key role in
determining performance, the processor’s capabilities dictate the maximum
performance of a system. The other devices only allow the processor to reach its full
potential.

Software Support: Newer, faster processors enable the use of the latest software. In
addition, new processors such as the Pentium with MMX Technology, enable the use of
specialized software not usable on earlier machines.

Reliability and Stability: The quality of the processor is one factor that determines how
reliably your system will run. While most processors are very dependable, some are not.
This also depends to some extent on the age of the processor and how much energy it
consumes.

Energy Consumption and Cooling: Originally processors consumed relatively little

power compared to other system devices. Newer processors can consume a great deal
of power. Power consumption has an impact on everything from cooling method
selection to overall system reliability.

Motherboard Support: The processor that decides to use in your system will be a
major determining factor in what sort of chip set we must use, and hence what
motherboard you buy. The motherboard in turn dictates many facets of. The system’s
capabilities and performance.

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What Does Storage Device Mean?

A storage device is any type of computing hardware that is used for storing, porting or extracting
data files and objects. Storage devices can hold and store information both temporarily and
permanently. They may be internal or external to a computer, server or computing device.

A storage device may also be known as a storage medium or storage media depending on
whether it is seen as discrete in nature (for example, “a hard drive” versus “some hard drive
space.”)