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June
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March
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December andtiltsis
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summer Winter
Winter summer
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 Science 1206
Unit 2: Weather Dynamics
Worksheet 11: Seasons and the Angle of the Sun

Much of the Earth’s weather, especially our changing seasons are caused by:

1) Tilt of the Earth

- Earth is tilted at 23.5 degrees on its axis

- This rotation is what caused day and night

2) Earth’s revolution around the sun

- It takes 365.25 days for the Earth to make a complete revolution around the sun.

Sub-solar point the point where the sun’s rays strike the earth at a 90 degree angle.

The beginning of each season is marked by:

1) Solstice : Sun stands still ( does not move any further North or South)

Summer: day of maximum daylight hours

Winter: day of minimum daylight hours

2) Equinox Day and night are equal length

The following important dates on the next slides are for the Northern Hemisphere ( the opposite
occurs in Southern Hemisphere)

Summer Solstice :

-June 21, the first day of summer

-Northern Hemisphere is at its maximum tilt toward the sun
-It is the maximum daylight period
-Sun is over the Tropic of Cancer (Northern Hemisphere)
-So the sun’s ray are hitting the Northern Hemisphere most directly .
-Sun’s rays have their maximum intensity since they are concentrated over a smaller surface

Autumnal Equinox

-September 23, the first day of fall

-Sun in directly over the equator
-The sun is above the horizon for 12 hours and below the horizon for 12 hours

Winter Solstice :

-occurs December 21 => the first day of winter

-Northern Hemisphere is at its maximum tilt away from the sun
-Minimum daylight period ( Short day or long night)
-Sun is over the Tropic of Capricorn (southern Hemisphere). So the sun’s ray are hitting the
Northern Hemisphere at a steep angle.
-Sun’s rays have their minimum intensity since they are spread over a larger surface

Vernal Equinox

-Occurs on March 21.

-On this day the solar point is directly over the equator.
-All parts of the earth will have a 12 hour day and a 12 hour night. It is Spring in the northern
hemisphere.

1
PART A: Multiple Choice

1. When does the sub-solar point strike the most southerly point on the Earth's surface?

(A)
X December 21
(B) March 21
(C) June 21
(D) September 23

2. What is the affect of the Earth's rotation around its own axis?

(A) does not affect either day and night, or seasonal change
(B) causes seasonal change only
(C) causes day and night only
X
(D) causes both seasonal change, and day and night
obit
3. What is the affect of the Earth's revolution around the sun?
- -

(A) does not effect either day and night or seasonal change
X
(B) affects seasonal change only
(C) affects day and night only
(D) affects both seasonal change and day and night

4. What season is it in the southern hemisphere when it is summer in the northern

hemisphere?

(A) Spring
(B) Summer
X(C)
(D)
Winter
Fall cautumn)

5. What is the angle in inclination of the Earth's axis?

(A) 0o
X
(B) 23.5 o
(C) 66.5 o
(D) 90 o

6. What term refers to Earth's orbit around the sun?

(A) equinox
X
(B)
(C)
revolution
rotation
(D) solstice

7. Which best describes the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere?

X
(A)
(B)
noontime sun is directly overhead at its farthest point north
noontime sun is directly overhead at its farthest point south
(C) occurs at the midpoint of winter
(D) occurs twice a year

8. What accounts for differences in temperature as the seasons change?

X
(A) directness of the sun's rays and length of days
(B) sun's closeness to Earth and regular variation in the sun's output
(C) longer days and the sun is closer to Earth
(D) regular variation in the sun's output and more direct sun's rays

2
9. When it is autumn (fall) in Newfoundland, which location would have Spring?

(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D

10. In the diagram below, what season is the Northern Hemisphere experiencing when Earth
is in the position indicated by X?

(A) fall
(B) spring
(C) summer
(D) winter

11. Which is responsible for the four seasons on Earth?

(A) elevation
(B) prevailing winds
(C) revolution
(D) rotation

12. What concept is best illustrated below?

(A) coriolis effect

(B) global warming
(C) revolution
(D) rotation

13. Which of the following is the cause of the change of seasons?

(A) the process called rain-shadow effect

(B) the sizes and shapes of land-surface features
(C) the tilt of Earth’s axis
(D) the rotation of Earth

3
14. Why does the equator experience about the same temperatures year-round?

(A) It tilts toward the sun and gets much more direct solar energy.
(B) It has no prevailing winds.
(C) It has no mountains to affect its climate.
(D) The sun’s rays strike the equator at about the same angle all year

15. At the North Pole the sun will rise above the horizon on ____ and set below the horizon
on ____.

(A) June 22; September 23

(B) September 23; December 22
(C) March 21; September 23
(D) June 22; December 22

16. In the Northern Hemisphere, this day has the fewest hours of daylight:

(A) summer solstice

(B) winter solstice
(C) vernal equinox
(D) autumnal equinox

17. During an equinox:

(A) the days and nights are of equal length except at the poles
(B) at noon the sun is overhead at the equator
(C) the earth is not tilted toward nor away from the sun
(D) all of the above

18. During the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere:

(A) astronomical winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere

(B) the noon sun is overhead at 23.5o S latitude
(C) at middle latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, this marks the longest night of the year
(D) all of the above

19. Where are the days and nights of equal length all year long?

(A) at 66.5o
(B) nowhere
(C) at 23.5o
(D) at the Equator

20. On which date does the sun first rise at the north pole?

(A) December 21
(B) March 21
(C) June 21
(D) September 23

4
 Name: __________________________________
7th Grade Science
Date: Thursday, October 20, 2016

Unit: Earth, Sun, and Moon Homeroom: ___________________________

Lesson: ESM 3_Eclipes

OBJECTIVES: By the end of today’s lesson, you will be able to…

 SWBAT describe the positions of the Earth, Sun, and Moon during a lunar and solar
eclipse.

DO NOW
Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word from the word bank.

1 orbits 24 365 rotates

year day month 8

1. A day lasts ________ hours.

2. A year lasts _______________ days.

3. A ___________________ is the amount of time it takes the Earth to orbit around the Sun

once.

4. A ______________________ is the amount of time it takes the Earth to rotate once on its axis.

5. A _____________________ is the amount of time it takes the moon to orbit the Earth
once.
6. The Earth ___________________ the sun in an elliptical pattern.

7. Explain why the Northern Hemisphere is in winter while the Southern Hemisphere is in
summer.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

1
 I DO – CLASS NOTES

1. Lunar eclipse- A lunar eclipse occurs when the _____________ blocks out the
light shining on the ___________.

2. Solar eclipse- A solar eclipse occurs when the

__________ blocks out the __________.

3. Umbra- the _____________ part

of a _______________. If you are
in the Umbra shadow you will see
a total eclipse.

4. Penumbra- the part of a shadow

where you can still see some
______________. If you are in
the penumbra, you will
experience a partial

eclipse.

2
 This is what a lunar eclipse
\
would look like throughout
the night!

Solar Eclipse

1. A Solar eclipse occurs when the ______________ passes between the Sun and the Earth.
a. When this happens, the Moon fully or partially _______________ the _________.
b. In order for this to happen, the Sun, Moon and Earth have to be in a
__________________ line with the __________ in between the Sun and the Earth.

In the Space below, draw a picture of how the Earth, Sun, and Moon must be arranged in order for
there to be a Solar Eclipse.

Solar Eclipse

4
Types of Solar Eclipses

Name Description Picture

Occurs when the Sun is

Total Eclipse ___________________ covered
up by the Moon. The light of the
Sun is replaced with the
__________ circle of the Moon

Occurs when the Sun and Moon

Annular Eclipse are exactly in _________, but the
apparent size of the Moon is
______________ than that of the
Sun. So, the Sun appears like a
bright ___________.

Occurs when the Sun and Moon

Partial Eclipse are _______ exactly in line and the
Moon only _______________
covers up the Sun.

5
WE DO- GUIDED PRACTICE

6
8
 Name: _______________________________
7th Grade Science
Date: October 20, 2016

Homeroom: ________________________
Unit: Earth, Sun, and Moon
_______/5 = ________%
Lesson: ESM 3_Eclipes
DNG? Strive Due Date: A B C D F

Directions: Match the following terms with the correct answer.

1. ______ Solar Eclipse A. The darkest part of a shadow.

B. Occurs when the moon blocks out the sun.

2. ______ Partial Eclipse
C. When the Moon does not cover the entire
3. ______ Lunar Eclipse Sun during a solar eclipse.

D. Occurs when the earth blocks out the light

4. ______ Annular Eclipse
shining on the moon.

5. ______ Umbra E. The part of a shadow where some of the

light sources is still visible.
6. ______ Penumbra
F. A type of solar eclipse when the entire sun
is blocked out by the moon.
7. ______ Total Eclipse
G. A type of solar eclipse when the moon
appears to be smaller in the sun. During
the eclipse, the sun looks like a shinning
ring.

TURN OVER 

9
Bonus Bucks

11