Equilibrium 20/01/2022

FERTILISERS
 Increases yield/size/number of plants
 Increase rate of growth
NPK FERTILISERS
N = Nitrogen P = Phosphor K = Potassium
Formulation – a mixture designed for a specific purpose
Examples:
 Ammonium nitrate
 Ammonium sulfate
 Ammonium phosphate
 Potassium nitrate
Practice questions
1. Which salt is produced from the reaction between ammonia and
phosphoric acid?
Ammonium phosphate
2. Which salt is produced when ammonia reacts with sulfuric acid?
Ammonium phosphate
3. Write balanced symbol equation for the following reactions:
 ammonia + phosphoric acid  ammonium phosphate
3NH3 + H3PO4  (NH4)3PO4
 ammonia + sulfuric acid  ammonium sulfate
2NH3 + H2SO4  (NH4)2SO4
 ammonia + nitric acid  ammonium nitrate + hydrogen
(NH3)4 + HNO3  (NH4)3NO3 + H
4. What do the symbol N, P, K stand for?
 nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium
5. Explain why NPK fertilisers are formulations.
 It a mixture which is designed for a specific purpose
 6. Describe why fertilisers are used when growing crops.
 To increase the yield, number, and size of plants, and to
increase the rate of growth
7. Write the formula for the following compounds:
 calcium nitrate = Ca(NO3)2
 calcium sulfate = CaSO4
 calcium phosphate = Ca3(PO4)2
8. Why is phosphate rock unsuitable for use as a fertiliser?
 It is insoluble in water
9. Name and give the chemical formula of the fertiliser produced
when phosphate rock is treated:
 Directly with nitric acid: phosphoric acid H3PO4
 With phosphoric acid: calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2
10. Name and write the formula of the two potassium compounds
that are used as fertilisers.
 Potassium phosphate – K3PO4
 Potassium nitrate – KNO3

Practice Questions considering the following equations:

N2 (G) + 3H2 (G) ⇋ NH4 (G)
1. 1 mol of nitrogen and 3 mol of hydrogen were mixed in a closed
container and allowed to react. 20% of nitrogen and hydrogen were
converted into ammonia.
 On a single graph, draw 3 lines to show how the concentration
of nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia vary with time.
5CO(G) + I2O5 (G) ⇋ 5CO2 (G) + I2 (G) ΔH∘= POSITIVE
2.