Trigonometry

Formula Sheet
 Trigonometry
Formula Sheet
tan A - tan B
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Ø tan (A - B) =
1+ tan A tan B
Ø Trigonometry Table
cot A cot B - 1
Ø cot (A + B) =
cotB + cotA
cot A cot B + 1
Ø cot (A - B) =
cotB - cotA
Ø sin 2A = 2sinA.cosA
æ 2tan A ö
§ sin 2A = ç ÷÷
ç
è 1+ tan2 A ø
Ø cos 2A = cos²A – sin²A = 2cos2A -1 = 1 – 2sin²A
æ 1- tan2 A ö
§ cos 2A = ç ÷
ç 1+ tan2 A ÷
è ø
æ 2tanA ö
Ø tan2A = ç ÷÷
*ND ® Not defined ç
è 1- tan2 A ø
Ø SIGNS OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS æ 2 ö
Ø cot 2A = ç cot A - 1÷
IN DIFFERENT ç 2cot A ÷
è ø
Ø sin 3A = 3sinA - 4 sin3 A
Ø cos 3A = 4 cos3A – 3 cosA
æ 3 ö
Ø tan 3A = ç 3 tan A - tan A ÷
ç 1- 3tan2 A ÷
è ø
æ cot3 A - 3cot A ö
Ø cot 3A = ç ÷
ç
è 3cot2 A - 1 ÷ø
Ø sin (A + B).sin (A - B) = sin2A - sin2 B = cos2 B
- cos2A
Ø cos (A + B).cos (A - B) = cos2 A - sin2 B = cos2
B - sin2A
Ø Change of Functions in Different Ø tan (A+B+C)
Quadrants: =
Ø sin (90° - q ) = cos q ; tan (90° + q ) = - cot q tan A + tan B + tan C - tan A tan B tan C
Ø sin (180° - q ) = sin q ; tan (180° + q ) = tan q 1- ( tan A tan B + tan B tan C + tan C tan A )
Ø sin (180° + q ) = - sin q ; tan (360° - q ) = - tan
§ If A+B+C = 180° = p ,
q
tan A + tan B + tan C = tanA tanB tanC
Ø sin (360° + q ) = sin q ; cosec (360° + q ) =
and cot A cot B + cot B cot C + cot C cot A = 1
cosec q
Ø 2sin A cos B = sin (A + B) + sin (A-B)
Ø sin (360° - q ) = -sin q ; cos (180° - q ) = - cos
Ø 2cos A sin B = sin (A + B) - sin (A-B)
q
Ø 2cos A cos B = cos (A + B) + cos (A-B)
Ø IMPORTANT TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES Ø 2sin A sin B = cos (A - B) - cos (A+B)
Ø sin2θ + cos2θ = 1 æ C +Dö æ C -D ö
sec2θ - tan2θ = 1 Ø sin C + sin D = 2 sin ç ÷ cos ç ÷
è 2 ø è 2 ø
§ If (secθ + tanθ = k, then (secθ - tanθ) = 1/k
Ø cosec2θ - cot2θ = 1 æ C +Dö æ C -D ö
Ø sin C - sin D = 2 cos ç ÷ sin ç ÷
§ If (cosec θ - cotθ)= p, then (cosec θ + cotθ)= è 2 ø è 2 ø
1 æ C +Dö æ C -D ö
Ø cos C + cos D = 2 cos ç ÷ cos ç ÷
p è 2 ø è 2 ø
Ø sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B æ C +Dö æ D-Cö
Ø cos C - cos D = 2 sin ç ÷ sin ç ÷
Ø sin (A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A sin B è 2 ø è 2 ø
Ø cos (A + B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin B 1
Ø cos (A - B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B Ø sin (60° – A) sin A sin (60° + A) = sin 3A
4
tan A + tan B
Ø tan (A + B) =
1 - tan A tan B
 Trigonometry
Formula Sheet
1 cos (x + y + z) = cos x cos y cos z [1- tan x tan
Ø cos (60° – A) cos A cos (60° + A) = cos 3A
4 y - tan y tan z – tanz tanx]
Ø tan (60° – A) tan A tan (60° + A) = tan 3A {A Ø tan (x + y + z)
¹ 30°} tan x + tan y + tan z – tan x tan y tan z
If A ¹ 0° , A ¹ 60°, then =
Ø 1- tanx tan y - tan y tanz – tanz tanx
cosec A cosec (60° – A) cosec (60° + A) = 4
cosec3A • RESULTS TO FIND CONSTANT VALUES
Ø If A ¹ 90° , A ¹ 30°, then Ø If a sin q + b cos q = m and a cos q - b sin
sec A sec (60° – A) sec (60° + A) = 4 sec3A q = n, then
Ø If A ¹ 0° , A ¹ 60°, then a2 + b2 = m2 + n2
cot A cot (60° – A) cot (60° + A) = cot3A
Ø tan q + tan (60° + q ) + tan (120° + q ) = 3tan
Ø If cosθ + sinθ = 2cos q , then
3q Þ cosθ - sin q = ± 2 sinθ
Ø cot q + cot (60° + q ) - cot (60° - q ) = 3 cot 3 Ø If a sec q + b tan q = c
q b sec q + a tan q = d, then
Ø cos3 a + cos3 (120° + a ) + cos3 (240° + a )= a2 - b2 = c2 - d2
3 Ø If a sec q - b tan q = c
cos 3 a
4 b sec q - a tan q = d
Ø sin3 q + sin 3 (120° + q ) + sin 3 (240° + q ) = or a tan q - b sec q = d, then
-3 a2 - b2 = c2 - d2
sin 3 q
4
• WHEN SUM OR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE
• ADVANCE IDENTITIES TO REMEMBER ANGLES ARE GIVEN
Ø sin4 q + cos4 q = 1 - 2sin2 q cos2 q Ø If A + B = 90°, then
Ø sin6 q + cos6 q = 1 - 3sin2 q cos2 q tan A tan B = 1
Ø cos6 q = 32 cos6 q - 48 cos4 q + 18 cos2 q – sin A sec B = 1
1 cos A cosec B = 1
Ø (1 + tan q + sec q ) (1 + cot q - cosec q ) = 2 cot A cot B = 1
Ø (1 + cot q + sec q ) (1 + tan q - cosec q ) = 2 sin2 A + sin2 B = 1
Ø (sin q + cos q + 1) (sin q + cos q - 1) = 2sin cos2 A + cos2 B = 1
q cos q Ø If A + B = 45°, then
secq + tanq - 1 1+ sin q (1 + tan A) (1 + tan B) = 2
Ø = secq + tanq = = (1 - cot A) (1 - cot B) = 2
tanq - sec q + 1 cosq
Ø If A - B = 45°, then
cos q
(1 + tan A) (1 - tan B) = 2
1- sinq
Ø If A + B = 135°, then
Ø tan q (1 + sec 2 q ) (1 + sec 4 q ) (1 + sec 8 q )
(1 - tan A) (1 - tan B) = 2
= tan 8 q
(1 + cot A) (1 + cot B) = 2
Ø sec4 q - tan4 q = sec2 q + tan2 q =1+2 tan2 q =
Ø If A + B + C = 180°, then
2 sec2 q - 1
tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C
Ø cosec4θ–cot4θ=cosec2θ+cot2 q =1+2cot2 q = cot A cot B + cot B cot C + cot C cot A =1
2cosec2 q – 1 Ø If A + B + C = 90°, then
sinq - cosq + 1 1 cot A + cot B + cot C = cot A cot B cot C
Ø = = sec q + tan
sinq + cos q - 1 secq - tan q tan A tan B + tan B tan C + tan C tan A = 1
q Ø If A + B = 90°, then
Ø sin x = sin y Þ x = n p + (-1)n y ; n Î Z tan A - tan B =2 tan(A-B)
(integers/पूणाVक) • Important Figures for quick results
Ø cos x = cos y Þ x = 2n p ± y ; n Î Z
Ø tan x = tan y Þ x=np + y;n Î Z
Ø sin (x+ y + z) = sin x cos y cos z + cos x sin y
cos z + cos x cos y sin z - sin x sin y sin z
sin (x + y + z) = cosx cosy cosz [tanx + tany +
tanz – tanx tany tanz]
Ø cos (x + y + z) = cos x cos y cos z - sin x sin y
cos z – sin x cos y sin z - cos x sin y sin z
 Trigonometry
Formula Sheet

• Maximum and minimum values of

trigonometric identities
Ø Type 1-
a sinq ± b cosq , a sinq ± b sinq
,a cosq ± b cosq

§ Maximum value = a2 + b2
§ Minimum value = - a2 + b2
n
Ø (
Type 2- sin q cos q )
n
§ Minimum value= æç 1 ö÷
è2ø
§ Maximum value can go up to infinity
Ø Type 3-
a cos2 q +b sec2 q , a sin2 q +b cosec2 q , a tan2
q +b cot2 q

§ Minimum value = 2 ab b £ a
Ø Type 4-
a sec2 q + b cosec2 q )

§ Minimum value= ( a + b )2