SEMANTIC ROLES IN NARRATIVE TEXTS OF ‘BAHASA INGGRIS’

TEXTBOOK USED BY 10th GRADERS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

A PAPER

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of the

Sarjana Degree in the English Department, Faculty of Education and

Teachers Training, Tidar University

BY:

ASIH KURNIASTUTI

1610302108

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHERS TRAINING

TIDAR UNIVERSITY

2020

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 MOTTO AND DEDICATION

Have patience. Allah does not deny the rewards of the righteous

(Qur’an 11: 115)

Knowledge is power. Information is liberating. Education is the premise of

progress, in every society, in every family

(Kofi Annan)

This Paper is dedicated to:

My beloved family

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Alhamdulillahirobbil ‘alamin, in the name of Allah the beneficent,

the merciful praise is done to Allah. I witness that Muhammad is the

messenger of Allah, the most excellent worshiper, leader of God-fearing,

supreme, among prophet. First of all, the writer would thank Allah for the

guidance and blessing to write and finish this paper “Semantic Roles in

Narrative Texts of ‘Bahasa Inggris’ Textbook Used By 10 th Graders of

Senior High School”. This paper is presented as a fulfillment of the

requirements for the Sarjana Degree in English Department, Faculty of

Education and Teacher Training, Tidar University.

The writer admits that many people helped the writer to finish this

paper. Therefore, the writer would like to thank the Dean of The Faculty of

Education and Teacher Training for his permission given to the writer to

write this paper. For the first consultant, Dr. Dwi Winarsih, M.Pd., who

helped and guided the writer in working this paper in the best way, thank

you for the advice, support, and kindness. Then the writer would like to

thank the second consultant, Lilia Indriani, M.Pd., for her guidance, advice

and, support to finish this paper till the graduation. All the lectures of the

English Department, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Tidar

University, who have prepared the writer with valuable knowledge and

experience.

The writer also would like to thanks the students of 10 th graders in

SMA Negeri 1 Magelang for their contribution and good cooperation so that

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the writer can conduct this research. Thanks to the writer’s family, who

never stop support and pray for the writer to finish this paper. Special thanks

also given to my friends; Sita Amalia, Kurnia Rahmawati, Gustia Anggid,

Mutiara Diani, Suci Widiawati, Made Ani, Dinda Ninati, Ika Naviatul,

Adelia Ramayanti, Adzimatinur Tiara, Rahmawati Dwi, Enno Tiesa,

Maharani Siti, Apri Nugraheni, and all of my friends who always support

and make the writer confident in writing this research. Without all of them

this research will not be done, so thank you for all the support.

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 ABSTRACT

Kurniastuti, Asih (2020): Semantic Roles in Narrative Texts of ‘Bahasa Inggris’

Textbook Used By 10th Graders of Senior High School. A Paper. Magelang: Englis h
Department, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Tidar University.

One of the goal in teaching English in senior high school is to make students able
to communicate in English. Thus, the students have to understand the meaning in English
text well. The writer found that the student of 10th grade have the difficulties in
understanding the meaning in narrative text. One of the way to understand the meaning in
narrative text is through understanding the semantic roles. Therefore, the writer conducts
the study of the semantic roles in narrative texts of ‘Bahasa Inggris’ textbook used by 10th
graders of senior high school.
This research has two aims. The first aim is to find the kinds of semantic roles and
the second one is to find the most dominant kind of semantic roles which is used in narrative
texts of ‘Bahasa Inggris’ Textbook used by 10th graders of senior high school.
This research is descriptive qualitative research. The data of this research is words
and phrases which are taken from six narrative texts in the ‘Bahasa Inggris’ Textbook for
10th graders of senior high school. The method used in collecting the data is documentation.
For the steps in analyzing the data the writer do this steps; taking the data, breakdown the
text, identifying and analyzing the semantic roles, tabulating the result, and make a
conclusion. In analyzing the data, the writer describes the semantic roles based on the
theory of semantic roles by Saeed (2002).
The result of this research shows that there are 532 semantic roles which are found
in six narrative texts. From nine semantic roles in Saeed theory (2002), the agent is
dominant type which is used in the narrative texts. The results shows that there are 179
agent (33.64%), 133 patient (25%), 64 theme (12.03%), 52 location (9.77%), 37
experiencer (6.95%), 33 goal (6.2%), 19 instrument (3.57%), 8 beneficiary (1.5%), and the
last 7 source (1.31%). It means that the source is rarely used in narrative text in ‘Bahasa
Inggris’ textbook used by 10th graders of senior high school. The pedagogical implication
in this study shows that semantic roles is important. If the users are confused about
transitive and intransitive sentences, these might cause misunderstanding. To make the
students easier in understanding semantic roles, the textbook should include semantic roles
in narrative texts.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL SHEET ............................................................................................... ii

EXAMINATION AND LEGALIZATION ............................................................ iii
PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN KARYA TULIS ..................................................... iv
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................................ v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .........................................................................................vi
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................ ix
LIST OF APPENDICES .........................................................................................xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 12
A. Background of Study………………………………………………….12
B. Identification of Problem…...………………………………………....14
C. Limitation of the Study...……………………………………………...14
D. Formulation of Problem………………..……………………………..14
E. Objective of The Study…………..………………………………....…15
F. Significance of the Study……………..……………………………….15
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE………………………..17
A. Theoretical Background………………………………………………17
1. Semantics…………………………………………………………...17
2. Meaning……………………………...……………………………..18
3. Semantic Roles…………………………...………………………...20
4. Clause………………………………………...…………………….25
5. Phrase……………………………………………...……………......27
6. Word……………………………………………………………..…29
7. Text…………………………………………………………………32
8. Narrative Text………………………………………………………33
9. Revised Kurikulum 2013……………………………………...........37

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 10. Textbook…………………………………………………..………41
11. ‘Bahasa Inggris’ Textbook for 10th Graders ……………………..42
B. Previous Study………………………………………………………...43
C. Conceptual Framework……………………………………………….45
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………………………………..47
A. Type of Research……………………………………………………..47
B. Subjects……………………………………………………………….47
D. Unit of Analysis………………………………………………………48
E. Data Collection Method……………………………………………….48
F. Data Analysis………………………………………………………….49
G. Data Validation……………………………………………………….52
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT…………………………….53
A. Data Analysis………………………………………………………....53
1. Text 1……………………………………………………………..54
2. Text 2……………………………………………………………..55
3. Text 3……………………………………………………………..57
4. Text 4……………………………………………………………..59
5. Text 5……………………………………………………………...61
6. Text 6……………………………………………………………...63
B. Discussion……………………………………………………………..64
1. Types of Semantic Roles in Narrative Texts ………………...….....64
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION…………………………...79
A. Conclusion ……………………………………………………………79
B. Suggestion ……………………………………………………………80
BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………..…………81

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 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Surat Keputusan Bimbingan Penyusunan Skripsi ………………......... 85

Appendix 2 Surat Tugas Seminar Proposal …………………………………......... 91

Appendix 3 Berita Acara Seminar Proposal ……………………………………… 92

Appendix 4 Analysis Data ……………………………………………………….... 93

Appendix 5 Data Validation Sheet ………………………………………………. 113

Appendix 6 Surat Tugas Ujian Skripsi ………………………………………….. 118

Appendix 7 Jounal of Paper Revision ………………………………………….. 119

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Sixth Semester Students of English Education Department of IAIN Salatiga

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Salatiga.

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Malang.

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Katamba, F., & Stonham, J. (2002). Morphology Second Edtion. Gordonsville :

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Lehmann, C. (2015). Participant roles, Thematic Roles, and Syntactic Relations.

CLIPP, 21.

Mahfud, R. (2011). The Competence of EFL Teachers in Mastering Genre-Based

Texts. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 8.

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Comprehension. The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario,

Canada.

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Pemakaian Buku Text. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruzz media

Nurul Latifa, A. M. (2018). Teching Narrative Text By Using Preview, Question,

Read, State and Test (PQRST) Technique. English Education Journal, 18.

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Surakarta.

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Sa'adah, H. (2014). A Semantic Analysis of Entailment Applied by the Main

Character in The Movie Life of Pi. Thesis. Yogyakarta State University.

Saeed, John I. (2002). Semantics 2nd ed, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.

Sharhan, K. S. (2018). The Noun Phrase: Formal and Functional Perspective.

International Journal of Language Academy, 9.

Turahmah, S. (2015). The Thematic Roles In Article of 'What Ever Happened In

Krakas, Timor Leste 'Pak' Prabowo?' On The Jakarta Post Online December 20,
2013. Thesis. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah

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Appendix 1. Surat Keputusan Bimbingan Penyusunan Skripsi

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Appendix 2. Surat Tugas Seminar Proposal

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Appendix 3. Berita Acara Seminar Proposal

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 Appendix 4. Analysis Data

ANALYSIS SEMANTIC ROLES

Information:
C: Clause P: Patient
L: Location
Ph: Phrase T: Theme
G: Goal
W: Word B: Beneficiary
S: Source
A: Agent I: Instrument
TYPES OF SEMANTIC ROLES
Text C
A P T E B I L G S
I C1. Once upon a time, there was an old couple Ph1 Ph1
C2. who didn’t have a childPh1 Ph1
C3. TheyW1 lived in a small house near the village forestPh1 W1 Ph1
C4. Please give us W1 a childPh1 Ph1 W1
C5. TheyW1 asked GodW2 everyday W1 W2
C6. One day, from the household Shinto altarPh1 , theyW1 heard a Ph2 W1 Ph1
cute cryPh2
C7. TheyW1 looked and saw a crying babyPh1 Ph1 W1
C8. who looked just like a little fingerPh1 Ph1
C9. This childPh1 must be a giftPh2 from God Ph2 Ph1
C10. Thank GodW1 ! W1

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C11.We W1 will call this childPh1 ‘IssumboshiW2 ’ W1 Ph1 W2
C12. TheyW1 said W1
C13. TheyW1 raised Issumboshi W2 with much care Ph1 W1 W2 Ph1
C14. but Issumboshi W1 never grew bigger W1
C15. Hey, Issumboshi W1 , do you want to be eaten by frog W2 ? W2 W1
C16. IssumboshiW1 was always being bullied by the children of the Ph1 W1
village Ph1
C18. Grandmother W1 would make some big rice balls Ph1 W1 Ph1
C19. and encourage him W1 W1
C21. Grandmother W1 said W1
C22. One day, lssumboshi W1 said W1
C23. I W1 will go to the capital Ph1 to study and become a W1 Ph1 Ph2
respectable person Ph2
C24. Then I W1 will come back W1
C25. Grandfather and Grandmother Ph1 were worried about himW1 Ph1 W1
C26. but Issumboshi's mind Ph1 would not be changed W1
C27. At once they W1 began to prepare for his trip Ph1 W1 Ph1
C28. Issumboshi W1 sheathed a needle sword Ph1 in a straw case Ph2 W1 Ph1 Ph2

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C29. put on a cup Ph1 for a sedge hat Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C30. And started with a chopstick staff Ph1 , in high spirits. Ph1
C31. IW1 'm going now W1
C32. lssumboshi W1 said W1
C33. Is he W1 safe? W1
C34. With such a small body Ph1 ? Ph1
C35. Grandfather and Grandmother Ph1 asked Ph1
C36. as they W1 saw him W2 off W2 W1
C37. Lssumboshi W1 went on the trip Ph1 with a big wish in a small W1 Ph2 Ph1
body Ph2
C38. At last lssumboshi W1 reached the capital city Ph1 W1 Ph1
C39. and anchored under the bridge Ph1 Ph1
C40. Then he W! climbed up to the railing Ph1 W1 Ph1
C41. He W1 viewed the townPh1 Ph1 W1
C42. There is a fine palace Ph1 over there Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C43. I W! shall ask them W2 at once W1 W2
C44. At long last lssumboshi W1 arrived at the palace Ph1 W1 Ph1
C45. I W1 want to meet the feudal lord Ph1 W1 Ph1

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C46. The lord Ph1 came to the door Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C47. What? Who's there W1 ? W1
C48. Here I W1 am, at your feet Ph1 W1 Ph1
C50. Why do you W1 want to meet me W1 ? W1 W2
C51. Please let me W1 be your retainer Ph1 W2 Ph1
C52. I W1 wonder if your very small body Ph1 can do anything W2 Ph1 W2 W1
C53. I W1 'll stay in your pocket Ph1 W1 Ph1
C54. and guard you W1 from all harm Ph1 W1 Ph1
C55. When lssumboshi W1 said so W1
C56. a bee Ph1 came buzzing by Ph1
C57. "Yhaa!" Issurnboshi W1 yelled stabbing the bee Ph1 W1 Ph1
C58. Bravo! I W1 employ you W2 W1 W2
C59. It W1 would be good W1
C60. if you W1 became the Princess’s man Ph1 Ph1 W1
C61. Oh! What a cute fellow Ph1 he W1 is! Ph1 W1
C62. said the Princess Ph1 Ph1
C63. putting Issumboshi W1 on her palm Ph1 W1 Ph1

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C64. I W1 will defend you W2 upon my life W1 W2
C65. said Issumboshi W1 W1
C66. The Princess Ph1 liked lssumboshi W1 W1 Ph1
C67. and she W1 taught him W2 reading, writing, and various studies W1 W2
C68. Further, lssumboshi W1 practiced fencing W2 very hard to be W1 W2 W3
strong W3
C69. One day the Princess Ph1 went out Ph1
C70. to worship at the Kiyomizu Temple Ph1 Ph1
C71. Suddenly there was a strong wind Ph1 Ph1
C72. and some demons Ph1 appeared Ph1
C73. The leader of the demons Ph1 tried to grab the Princess Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C74. Help me W1 ! W1
C75. she W1 screamed W1
C77. Issumboshi W1 tried to help her W2 W1 Ph1
C78. but the demonPh1 caught him W1 Ph1 W1
C79. and threw him W1 into his mouth Ph1 W1 Ph1
C80. Issumboshi W1 , who was swallowed W1
C81. Issumboshi W! jabbed and jabbed the demon's stomach Ph1 W1 Ph1

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C82. The demon Ph1 rolled over Ph1
C83. and spat out lssumboshi W1 W1
C84. Lssumboshi W1 jumped at the demonPh1 W1 Ph1
C85. and stabbed his eyes Ph1 Ph1
C86. The remaining demons Ph1 were frightened Ph1
C87. TheyW1 ran away in great haste W1
C88. but one demon Ph1 , who was left behind trembled Ph1
C89. while holding the magic hammer Ph1 Ph1
C90. Do you W1 want me W2 to stab your eyes Ph1 , too? W2 Ph1 W1
C93. This is the magic hammer Ph1 Ph1
C94. that will grant you a wish Ph1 Ph1 W1
C95. I W1 give it W2 to you W3 W1 W2 W3
C96. so please spare me W1 W1
C97. And saying this W1 , W1
C98. He W1 ran off in a hurry W1
C99. Princess W1 , please wave this magic hammer Ph1 W1 Ph1
C100. and make a wish Ph1 that I W1 may become big Ph1 W1

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 C101. said lssumboshi W1 W1
C102. The Princess Ph1 waved it W1 and asked Ph1 W1
C103. May lssumboshi W1 become big! W1
C104. And then, strangely, before her eyes Ph1 , lssumboshi W1 began W1 Ph1
to grow
C105. He W1 grew into a nice young man Ph1 W1 Ph1
C106. TheyW1 went back to the palace Ph1 W1 Ph1
C107. and the Princess Ph1 asked the King Ph2 to let her marry Ph1 Ph2 Ph3
lssumboshi Ph3
C108. The Princess and lssumboshi Ph1 then got married Ph1
C109. and theyW1 invited Grandfather and Grandmother Ph1 W1 Ph1
C110. to live with them W1 in the palace Ph1 W1 Ph1
C111. TheyW1 lived happily ever after

II C1. A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Ph2 Ph1
Sumatra Ph1 lived a woman and her son, Malin Kundang Ph2
C2. Malin Kundang and his mother Ph1 had to live hard Ph1
C3. because his father Ph1 had passed away Ph1

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C4. when he W1 was a baby Ph1 Ph1 W1
C5. Malin Kundang Ph1 was a healthy, diligent, and strong boy Ph1
C6. He W1 usually went to sea W2 to catch fish Ph1 W1 W2 Ph1
C7. After getting fish Ph1 he W1 would bring itW2 to his mother Ph2 W1 W2 Ph2 Ph1
C8. or sell the caught fish Ph1 in the town Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C9. One day, when Malin Kundang Ph1 was sailing Ph1
C10. he W1 saw a merchant's ship Ph1 being raided by a band of Ph2 Ph1 W1
pirates Ph2
C11. With his bravery Ph1 , Malin Kundang Ph1 helped the Ph2 Ph4 Ph3 Ph1
merchantPh3 defeat the pirates Ph4
C12. To thank himW1 , the merchant Ph1 allowed Malin KundangPh2 Ph1 W1 Ph2 W2
to sail with himW2
C13. Malin KundangPh1 agreed in the hope to get a better life Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C14. He W1 left his motherPh1 alone W1 Ph2
C15. Many years later, Malin KundangPh1 became wealthy Ph1
C16. He W1 had a huge ship and a lot of crews Ph1 Ph1 W1
C17. He W1 was also married to a beautiful womanPh1 W1 Ph1
C18. When he W1 was sailing on his trading journeyPh1 W1 Ph1

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C19. his shipPh1 landed on the coast near a small village Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C20. The local people Ph1 recognized that itW1 was Malin Ph2 W1 Ph1
KundangPh2 ,
C21. a boyPh1 from the areaPh2 Ph1 Ph2
C22. The news Ph1 ran fast in the townPh2 Ph1 Ph2
C23. Malin KundangPh1 has become rich Ph1
C24. and now he W1 is here W2 Ph1 Ph2
C25. An old womanPh1 , who was Malin Kundang's motherPh2 Ph2 Ph1
C26. ran to the beachPh1 to meet the new rich merchantPh2 Ph1 Ph2
C27. She W1 wanted to hug himW2 to release her sadness of being W2 W1 Ph1
lonely after a long time Ph1
C28. When his motherPh1 came near himPh2 Ph1 Ph2
C29. Malin KundangPh1 who was with his beautiful wife and his Ph1 Ph2
ship crews Ph2
C30. denied that she W1 was his motherPh1 Ph1 W1
C31. She W1 had pleaded Malin KundangPh1 to look at herPh2 W1 Ph1 W2
C32. and admit that she W1 was her motherPh1 Ph1 W1
C33. But he W1 kept refusing to do it W2 W1 W2

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 C34. and yelling at herW1 W1
C35. At last Malin KundangPh1 said to herW1 Ph1 W1
C36. IW1 have never had a mother like youPh1 , a dirty and ugly Ph1 W1
woman!
C37. After that he W1 ordered his crews Ph1 to set sail to leave the old W1 Ph1 Ph2
womanPh2
C38. who was then full of sadness and angerPh1 Ph1
C39. Finally, feeling enraged, she W1 cursed Malin KundangPh1 W1 Ph1
C40. that he W1 would turn into a stone Ph1 W1 Ph1
C41. if he W1 didn't apologize to herW2 W1 W2
C42. Malin KundangPh1 just laughed and set sail W1
C43. Suddenly a thunderstormPh1 came in the quiet seaPh2 Ph1 Ph2
C44. wrecking his huge shipPh1 Ph1
C45. He W1 was thrown out to a small islandPh1 W1 Ph1
C46. ItW1 was too late for himW2 to avoid his curse Ph1 W2 W1 Ph1
C47. he W1 had turned into a stone Ph1 W1 Ph1

III C1. Once there was a great warriorPh1 Ph1

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C2. named Strong WindPh1 Ph1
C3. He W1 lived with his sisterPh1 in a tent by the seaPh2 W1 Ph1 Ph2
C4. Strong WindPh1 was able to make himself invisible Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C5. His sisterPh1 could see himW1 W1 Ph1
C6. but no one else Ph1 could Ph1
C7. He W1 had said W1
C8. he W1 would marry the first womanPh1 W1 Ph1
C9. The first womanPh1 who could see himW1 W1 Ph1
C10. as he W1 came at the end of the dayPh1 W1 Ph1
C11. Many womenPh1 came up to his tentPh2 to watch for himW1 Ph1 Ph2 W1
C12. When his sisterPh1 saw himW1 coming W1 Ph1
C13. She W1 would ask W1
C14. Do youW1 see himW2 ? W2 W1
C15. Each girlPh1 would answer Ph1
C16. Oh, yes! IW1 see himW2 ! W2 W1
C17. Then Strong Wind’s sisterPh1 would ask Ph1
C18. What is he W1 pulling his sledPh1 with? W1 Ph1

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C19. And then the girls Ph1 would answer, “with a rope Ph2 ” Ph1 Ph2
C20. Then Strong Wind’s sisterPh1 would know Ph1
C21. that theyW1 were lying W1
C22. because their guesses Ph1 were wrong Ph1
C23. A chief Ph1 lived in a village Ph1 Ph1 Ph2
C24. His wife Ph1 had died Ph1
C25. and he W1 had three daughters Ph1 Ph1 W1
C26. One W1 was much younger than the other twoPh1 Ph1 W1
C27. She W1 was gentle, kind and beautiful W1
C28. but her sisters Ph1 were jealous of herW1 W1 Ph1
C29. and treated herW1 badly W1
C30. TheyW1 cut off her long black hairPh1 W1 Ph1
C31. and they W1 made herW2 wear rags W3 W1 W2 W3
C32. TheyW1 also burned her face Ph1 with coals W2 W1 Ph1 W2
C33. so that she would be uglyPh1 Ph1
C34. TheyW1 lied to their father Ph1 W1 Ph1
C35. that she W1 did these things to herself Ph1 W1 W2

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C36. But she W1 remained calm and gentle W1
C37. The two older sisters Ph1 also went to try and see Ph2 Ph1
StrongwindPh2
C38. When he W1 was coming W1
C39. Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 asked them W1 Ph1 W1
C40. Do you W! see himW2 ? W2 W1
C41. Oh, yes! I W1 see him W1 ! W2 W1
C42. Each of them Ph1 answered Ph1
C43. Out of iron W1 W1
C44. answered one W1 W1
C45. Out of wood W1 W1
C46. answered the other Ph1 Ph1
C47. You W1 have not seen him W2 W2 W1
C48. said Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 Ph1
C49. Strong Wind Ph1 himself heard them W1 W2 Ph1
C50. and knew that they W1 had lied W1
C51. TheyW1 went into the tent Ph1 W1 Ph1
C52. but still they W1 could not see him W2 W2 W1

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C53. TheyW1 went home W2 very sad W1 W2
C54. One day the youngest daughter Ph1 went to try to see Strong Ph2 Ph1
Wind Ph2
C55. She W1 was wearing rags W2 W1 W2
C56. and burn W1 covered her face Ph1 W1 Ph1
C57. People W1 laughed at her W2 W1 W2
C58. but she W1 kept going W1
C59. When she W1 got to Strong Wind’s tent Ph1 W1 Ph1
C60. she W1 waited W1
C61. When Strong Wind Ph1 was coming Ph1
C62. his sister Ph1 asked the girl Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C63. Do you W1 see him W2 ? W2 W1
C64. No,” the girl Ph1 answered Ph1
C65. I W1 don’t see him W2 W1 W2
C66. Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 was surprised Ph1
C67. because the girl Ph1 had told the truth Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C68. Now, do you W1 see him W2 ? W2 W1
C69. asked Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 Ph1

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C70. Yes,” answered the girl Ph1 Ph1
C71. Now I W1 do see him W2 W1 W2
C72. He W1 is very wonderful W1
C73. What is his bow Ph1 made of? Ph1
C74. asked Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 Ph1
C75. “The rainbow Ph1” answered the girl Ph2 Ph2 Ph1
C76. And what is the bowstring Ph1 made of? Ph1
C77. asked Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 Ph1
C78. “Of stars Ph1 ,” answered the girl Ph2 Ph2 Ph1
C79. Then Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 knew Ph1
C80. that the girl Ph1 could see him W1 W1 Ph1
C81. He W1 had let her W2 see him W3 W3 W1 W2
C82. because she W1 had told the truth Ph1 W1 Ph1
C83. You W1 have seen him W2 W2 W1
C84. said Strong Wind’s sister Ph1 Ph1
C85. Then the sister Ph1 washed the girl Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C86. and all the burns Ph1 went away Ph1

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 C87. Her hair Ph1 grew long and black again Ph1
C88. The sister Ph1 dressed the girl Ph2 in fine clothes Ph3 Ph1 Ph2 Ph3
C89. Strong Wind Ph1 came Ph1
C90. and the girl Ph1 became his wife Ph2 Ph2 Ph1
C91. The girl’s two older sisters Ph1 were very angry Ph1
C92. but Strong Wind Ph1 turned them W! into aspen trees Ph2 Ph1 W1 Ph2
C93. Ever since that day, the leaves of the aspen tree Ph1 always Ph1 W1
tremble with fear W!
C94. wherever he W1 comes near W1
C95. because they W1 know W1
C96. he W1 remembers their lying and meanness Ph1 Ph1 W1

IV C1. Kanchil, the small and clever mousedeer Ph1 , had many Ph2 Ph1 Ph3
enemies Ph2 in the forest Ph3
C2. Fortunately, he W1 was quick-witted W1
C3. so that every time his life Ph1 was threatened Ph1
C4. He W1 managed to escape W1
C5. One of his greatest enemies Ph1 was Crocodile W1 W1 Ph1

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C6. who lived in the river that bordered the forest Ph1 Ph1
C7. Many times Crocodile W1 had tried to capture Kanchil W2 W1 Ph1
C8. Crocodile W1 was big W1
C9. but he W1 was not very clever W1
C10. Kanchil W1 was able to trick him W2 every time W1 W2
C11. One day it W1 was very hot W1
C12. There W1 was no wind at all Ph1 Ph1 W1
C13. to refresh the thirsty plants and trees of the forest Ph1 Ph1
C14. It W1 was in the middle of the dry season Ph1 W1 Ph1
C15. For many weeks no rain Ph1 had fallen Ph1
C16. so the little creeks Ph1 where the small animals Ph2 used to Ph2 Ph1
drink had dried up
C17. Kanchil W1 was walking alone in the forest Ph1 W1 Ph1
C18. He W1 was very thirsty W1
C19. He W1 had walked a long way W1
C20. looking for a brook Ph1 Ph1
C21. where he W1 could quench his thirst Ph1 W1 Ph1

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 C22. but he W1 had found only dry mud Ph1 in the once gay rippling W1 Ph1 Ph2
brooks Ph2

V C1. A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Ph2 Ph1
Sumatra Ph1 lived a woman and her son, Malin Kundang Ph2
C2. Malin Kundang and his mother Ph1 had to live hard Ph1
C3. because his father Ph1 had passed away Ph1
C4. when he W1 was a babyPh1 Ph1 W1
C5. One day, when Malin Kundang Ph1 was sailing Ph1
C6. he W1 saw a merchant's ship Ph1 being raided by a band of Ph2 Ph1 W1
pirates Ph2
C7. With his bravery Ph1 , Malin Kundang Ph2 helped the P2 Ph3 Ph1 Ph4
merchantPh3 defeat the pirates Ph4
C8. To thank him W1 W1
C9. the merchant Ph1 allowed Malin Kundang Ph2 to sail with him Ph2 Ph1 W1
W1

C10. Malin Kundang Ph1 agreed and left his mother Ph2 alone Ph1 Ph2
C11. Many years later, Malin Kundang Ph1 became wealthy Ph1
C12. When he W1 was sailing on his trading journey Ph1 W1 Ph1

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C13. his ship Ph1 landed on the coast near a small village Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C14. The local people Ph1 recognized that it W1 was Malin Kundang Ph2 W1 Ph1
Ph2

C15. Malin Kundang's mother Ph1 ran to the beach Ph2 Ph1 Ph2
C16. to meet the new rich merchant Ph1 Ph1
C17. She W1 wanted to hug him W2 W1 W2
C18. to release her sadness of being lonely after a long time Ph1 Ph1
C19. When his mother Ph1 came near him W1 Ph1 W1
C20. Malin Kundang Ph1 who was with his beautiful wife and his Ph1 Ph2
ship crews Ph2
C21. denied that she W1 was his mother Ph1 Ph1 W1
C22. After that he W1 ordered his crews Ph1 to set sail W1 Ph1
C23. to leave the old woman Ph1 Ph1
C24. who was then full of sadness and anger Ph1 Ph1
C25. Finally, she W1 cursed Malin Kundang Ph1 W1 Ph1
C26. and he W1 was thrown out to a small island Ph1 W1 Ph1
C27. and turned into a stone Ph1 Ph1

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VI C1. At once Grandfather and Grandmother Ph1 began to prepare Ph1 Ph2
for Issumboshi's trip Ph2
C2. Issumboshi W1 was ready W1
C3. Issumboshi W1 went on the trip Ph1 with a big wish in a small W1 Ph2 Ph1
body Ph2
C4. At last Issumboshi W1 reached the capital city Ph1 W1 Ph1
C5. and anchored under the bridge Ph1 Ph1
C6. Then he W1 climbed up to the railing Ph1 W1 Ph1
C7. and viewed the town Ph1 Ph1
C8. There was a fine palace Ph1 over there Ph2 Ph1 Ph1
C9. At long last Issumboshi W1 arrived at the palace Ph1 W1 Ph1
C10. He W1 wanted to meet the feudal lord Ph1 W1 Ph1
C11. He W1 wanted to become a retainer Ph1 Ph1 W1
C12. The king Ph1 wondered whether Issumboshi's small body Ph2 Ph2 W1 Ph1
could do anything W1
Total 179 133 66 37 8 19 52 33 7
Total Semantic roles 532
Total clauses 316

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Appendix 5. Data Validation Sheet

DATA TRIANGULATION SHEET

The data analysis below is the sample from each text that is randomly

taken to be checked or validation by applying investigator triangulation.

Data Semantic Roles Analysis

T1/C6 : One day, from Source : the The word “they” in the above data is

the household household experiencer because it is the entity who

Shinto altar, they Shinto altar experiences the sound of cry but not doing

heard a cute cry Experiencer: they the action. The word “they” is an experiencer

Patient : a cute cry of the sound of cry but they do not do the

action thing. While there is a patient (a cute

cry) because that noun phrase appears as the

object of the transitive verb and it is the entity

that the experiencer heard.

T1/C28 : lssumboshi Agent : Issumboshi The word Issumboshi is an agent because that

sheathed a needle Patient: a needle entity is the doer or the entity who did the

sword in a straw sword action in the clause. There is also a patient (a

case Instrument : a straw needle sword) because that noun phrase is the

case entity that is affected by the action which is

done by the agent. While (a straw case) is the

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 instrument because it is the tool that is used

by the agent to sheath the needle sword.

T2/C6 : He usually went Agent : He The word ‘he’ is the agent because the word

to the sea to catch Location : sea ‘he’ is the entity that acts or do the action

fish Goal : catch fish verb. The word ‘sea’ is the location where

the agent does the action, so it is included as

the location roles. The last, ‘catch fish’ is

included as the goal because ‘catch fish’ is

the reason why the agent went to the sea.

T2/C31 : She had Agent : She The word ‘she’ is the agent because ‘she’ is

pleaded Malin Patient : Malin the doer or the entity which does the action

Kundang to Kundang verb ‘pleaded’. While ‘Malin Kundang’ is

look at her Goal : look at her the patient because ‘Malin Kundang’ is the

entity which is the agent affect. ‘Malin

Kundang’ is undergoing the action verb

‘pleaded’. While the phrase ‘look at her’ is

the goal. It is because ‘look at her’ is the

reason why the agent does the verb to the

patient.

T3/C11: Many women Agent : Many The phrase ‘many women’ is the agent

came up to his Women because it is the entity that does the verb

tent to watch for Location : to his tent ‘came up’. ‘Many women’ is the doer, so it

him acts as the agent of the clause. The phrase

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 Goal : watch for ‘his tent’ is the location because ‘to his tent’

him is the location where the action is done, it

also strengthened by the word ‘to’ that

indicates the location was held. While the

phrase ‘watch for him’ is the goal of the

clause because it shows the reason why the

agent does that action verb.

T3/C36 : But she is calm Theme : she The word ‘she’ is the theme because the

and gentle word ‘she’ is the entity that is described by

the verb. It can be included as the agent

because the word ‘she’ does not do anything.

The word ‘she’ is just described by the verb

so it is a theme.

T4/C10 : Kanchil was Agent : Kanchil The word ‘Kanchil’ is the agent because it is

able to trick him Patient : him the entity that is done the action verb in the

every time clause. ‘Kanchil’ is the entity that can make

a change or affect the object of the clause that

is ‘him’ which refers to Crocodile. Thus why

the word ‘him’ is the patient because it is the

entity that is affected by the action verb.

T4/C17 : Kanchil was Agent : Kanchil The word ‘Kanchil’ is the doer or the entity

walking alone in Location : in the which is doing the action verb ‘walking

the forest forest alone’ thus why ‘Kanchil’ is the agent in this

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 clause. While ‘in the forest’ is the location

where the action is done, it is strengthened by

the word ‘in’ which shows the location where

the action is done.

T5/C6 : With his Instrument: his The phrase ’his bravery’ categorized as the

bravery, Malin bravery instrument because it shows that ‘his

Kundang helped Agent : Malin bravery’ is the tool for the agent to do the

the merchant Kundang action. And the actor or the people who did

defeat the pirates Beneficiary : the the action in the clause is ‘Maling Kundang’

merchant because Malin Kundang is the people who

Goal : defeat the did the action verb in the clause, so it is

pirates categorized as the agent. While ‘the

merchant’ is categorized as the benefic iar y

because it is the entity that gets the advantage

from the verb which is done by the agent.

The last, ‘defeat the pirates’ is the goal

because it is the reason why the agent does

the action verb ‘helped’.

T5/C25 : Finally, she Agent : She The word ‘she’ is the agent because it is the

cursed Malin Patient : Malin entity that makes the change of ‘Malin

Kundang Kundang Kundang’. ‘She’ is the entity does the action

verb ‘cursed’. While ‘Malin Kundang’ is the

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 patient because it is the entity that is affected

by the verb ‘cursed’ and by this action the

entity ‘Malin Kundang’ is changed, thus it is

included as the patient.

T6/C4 : At last Agent : Issumboshi The word ‘Issumboshi’ is included as the

Issumboshi Goal : the capital agent of the clause because it is the doer or

reached the city the entity that does the action verb ‘reached’

capital city thus why it is included as the agent. While

the phrase ‘the capital city’ is included as the

goal because the verb ‘reached’ means there

is something that the agent needs to achieve,

and that is the capital city which means also

the goal of the action verb itself. Thus why it

is included as the goal.

T6/C10: He wanted to Agent : He The word ‘he’ is the entity that does the

meet the feudal Patient : The feudal action verb ‘meet’, thus it is included as the

lord Lord agent. While the phrase ‘the feudal lord’ is

the patient because it is the object of the

clause, it is the entity that the agent wants to

meet, thus it is included as the patient.

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87
Appendix 6. Surat Tugas Ujian Skripsi

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Appendix 7. Journal of Paper Revision

89