An unknown sample is treated with a small amount of elemental bromine in an organic solvent,

being as dichloromethane or carbon tetrachloride. Presence of unsaturation in the sample is

shown by disappearance of the deep brown coloration of bromine when it has reacted with the
unknown sample. The baeyers test is used to test for an unsaturated carbon carbon bond, such
as an alkene or alkyne, but not an aromatic carbon carbon bond. Solid phosphorus(V) chloride
(phosphorus pentachloride) reacts violently with alcohols at room temperature, producing clouds
of hydrogen chloride gas. Lucas’s test is used to differentiate and categorize primary, secondary,
and tertiary alcohols using a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric
acid. Brady’s reagent can also be used as a test for the presence of a carbonyl compound
because orange crystals appear when it is added to either an aldehyde or a ketone. Tollens’ test,
also known as silver-mirror test, is a qualitative laboratory test used to distinguish between an
aldehyde and a ketone. Aliphatic aldehydes and reducing sugars will form a yellow-to-red
precipitate with Benedict's reagent, causing the blue solution to appear green-to-red. Hinsberg
test is a chemical reaction used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.
Sodium hydrogen carbonate can be used to test for carboxylic acids. If effervescence occurs,
then an acid group is present. Hydroxamic acid test for aromatic primary amides

1 2 3 4 5
Bromine test - + + - -
Baeyer test - - + - -
PCl5 test + + + - +
Luca’s test - Fast Slow - -
DNPH test - + - - +
Tollen’s test - - - - +
Benedict’s test - - - - +
Hinsberg test - - - - -
Bicarbonate test - - - - -
Hydroxamic acid test - - + - -

Sample 1 corresponds to
A. 3-methylpentanal
B. 3-methylpentanol
C. 3-methyl-2-pentanol
D. 3-methyl-2-pentanonone

Sample 3 corresponds to
A. 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol
B. 3-Methyl-2-butenal
C. 3-Methyl-2-butanone
D. 2-Methyl-3-butan-2-ol

Sample 4 corresponds to
A. 3 ethyl 2 methylpentane
B. 3-ethyl-2-methylpent-1-ene
C. 3-Ethyl-4-methylpent-1-yne
D. 3-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-pentanol
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE

STRUCTURE NAME POSITIVE TEST

Sample 5 corresponds to

A. 5-Hydroxypentanal
B. 5-Hydroxypentanol
C. 5-Hydroxy-2-pentanone
D. 5-Hydroxypentane

DRAW THE STRUCTURES OF THE FOLLOWING MOLECULES

A. 2-Aminobutanedioic acid
B. 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid
C. 4-Methoxy-2-methyl-2-hexene
D. 4-Oxopentanoic acid
E. 1-chloromethyl ethanoate