ARTICLE I: NATIONAL TERRITORY

• national territory comprises the Philippines

archipelago, with all the island and waters The
embraced therein, and all other territories over which
the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction,
consisting terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains,
including its territorial sea,

ARTICLE II: DECLARATION OF THE PRINCIPLES AND STATE

POLICIES

• section 1: The Philippines is a democratic and

republic state. Sovereignty resides in the people and
all government authority emanates from them.
• Section 2: The Philippines renounces war as a
instruments of national policy, adapt the generally
accepted principles of international law as part of
the law land, and adheres the peace, quality, justice,
freedom, cooperation and amity with all nations.
 • Section 3 : civilian authority is at all time supreme
over the military, the armed forces of the Philippines
is the protector of the people and the state. Its goal
is to secure sovereignty of the state and the integrity
of the national territory.
he seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves, and other
submarine areas. The waters around between, and
connecting the island archipelago, of their breadth and
dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the
Philippines.
• Section 4: the prime duty of the government is to
serve and protect the people. The government may
call upon the people to defined the state and, in the
fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required,
under condition provided by law, to render personal
military or civil service.
• Section 5: the maintenance of peace and order, the
protection of life, liberty and property, and the
promotion of the general welfare are essential for
the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of
democracy.
 • Section 6: the separation of church and states shall
be inviolable

STATES POLICIES
Section 7: the states shall pursue an independent foreign
policy. Others states, the paramount considerations shall
be national sovereignty, territorial integrity, national
interest and the right to self determination
• Section 8: the Philippines, consistent with the
national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of
freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory.
• Section 9: the states shall promote a just and dynamic
social order that well insure the prosperity and
independence of nation and free the people from
poverty, promote full employment and an improved
quality of life for all.
• section10: the states shall promote social justice in all
phases of national development
• Section11: the states values the dignity of every
human person and guarantees full respect human
rights
• Section12: the states recognizes the sanctity of
family life and shall protect and strengthen the family
as a basic autonomous social institution. It shall
equally protect the life of the mother and the life of
the unburn from conception

• Section 13: the states recognizes the vital role of the

youth and shall promote and protect there physical,
moral, spiritual, intellectual and social wellbeing
• Section14:the states recognizes the role of women in
nation building and shall insure fundamental equality
before the law of women and men.
• Section15: the states shall protect and promote the right
to health of the people and instill health consciousness
among then.
• Section16: the states shall protect and advance the right
of the people to balance and helpful ecology accord
rhyme and the nature
• Section 17: priority to education, science and
technology and art culture and sport ; to faster
patriotism and nationalism accelerate social progress
and promote total human liberation and development
• section 18 : the state affirms labor as a primary social
economic force. It shall protect the right of workers and
promote their welfare.

• Section 19 : the state shall develop a self- reliant

independent national economy effectively controlled
by Filipinos.
• Section 20 ; the state recognizes the indispensable
role of the private sector encourages private
enterprises, and provide incentives needed
investment.
• Section 21: the state shall promote comprehensive
rural development and agrarian reform.
• Section 22 : the state recognizes and promotes the
right of indigenous cultural communities within the
framework of national unity and development.
• Section 23 : the state shall encourage
nongovernmental community based or sectoral
organizations that promote the welfare of the nation.
• Section 24 : the state recognizes the vital role of
communication and information in nation building.
• Section 25 : the state shall ensure the autonomy of
local government.
 • Section 26 : the state guarantee equal access to
opportunities for public service and prohibit political
dynasties as may be defined by law.

• Section 27 : the state shall maintain honesty and

integrity in the public service and prohibit political
service and take positive and effective measures
against graft and corruption
• Section 28: subject to reasonable conditions
prescribed by law, the state adopts and implements
a policy of full public disclosure of all transactions
involving public interest.
The function of the declaration of principles and state
policies in the constitution are
1.to shed light on the meaning of the other provisions
of the constitution
2.to guide all departments in the implementation of
the constitution

ARTICLE 111-THE BILL OF

RIGHTS
 The Bill of rights may be defined as a declaration and
commendation of the individual rights and privileges
which the constitution is designed to protect against
violations by the government or by individual or groups
of individuals it is a charter of liberties for the individual
and a limitation upon the power of the state
CLASSIFICATION OF RIGHTS
1. Natural rights – possessed by every citizen without
being grated by the state for they are conferred by
god so that human beings may live a fulfilled life. ex.
The right to live, the right to love.
2. Constitutional rights – conferred and protected by
the constitution. They cannot be modified or taken
away by the law by the law- making body,
constitutional rights are classified as follows.
1.1. political rights – clothes the citizens with the power
to participate, directly or indirectly.
1.2. civil rights -

3. Statutory Rights – provided by laws promulgated by the law-

making body and may be abolished by the same body.
The Right the of individual as provided under the bill of
rights(Article111)

SECTION 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property

without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the
equal protection of the laws.

SECTION 2. the right of person to be secure in their persons.

Houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and
seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable,
and no search warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable
cause to be determined personally by the judge after examination
under oath or affirmations of the complainants and the witnesses
he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be search
and the persons or thing to be seized.

ARTICLE IV - CITIZENSHIP

Citizenship – denotes members of a permanent character in

a political community. A citizen of a state is one who owes
allegiance to it and is corresponding entitled to its
protection.
Method of acquiring citizenship
 A person’s citizenship may be acquired either by birth
or by naturalization. Those who acquired citizenship by birth
are considered as natural born citizen.
1. Citizenship by birth
A person’s citizenship is determined at the time of
his birth by the following either of the following principles
a. jus sanguinis - a child follows the nationality or
citizenship of the parents regardless of the place of his birth.
b. Jus soli – a child’s citizenship is determined by the place
of his birth.

THE PHILIPPINES ADHERES TO THE JUS SANGUINIS

PRINCIPLE
The Philippine law of citizenship adheres to the principle of
jus sanguinis. Thereunder, a child follows the nationality of
citizenship of the parents regardless of the place of his/her
birth, as opposed to the doctrines of jus soli which
determines nationality or citizenship on the basis of place of
birth.
2.Citizenship by naturalization
Naturalization refers to an act whereby a person acquires
a citizenship different from that person’s citizenship at birth.
Naturalization is most commonly associated with economic
migrants or refugees who have immigrated to a country or
resided there as aliens, and who have voluntarily and
actively chosen to become citizens of that country after
meeting specific requirements.