UNIT 4 LIFE IN THE PAST

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Vocab
preserve (v): bảo tồn
kite (n): diều
grandfather (n): ông
family tradition (n): truyền thống gia đình
generation (n): thế hệ
entertainment (n): giải trí
special occasion (n): dịp đặc biệt
weathy (adj): giàu có = rich
loudspeaker (n): loa phóng thanh
technological changes: những thay đổi về công nghệ
event: sự kiện
custom (n): phong tục tập quán
gap (n): khoảng cách

go bare-footed: đi chân đất, chân trần

collect the post: sưu tầm bao thư
entertain themselves: tự mình làm điều giải trí
dance to drum music: nhảy theo điệu nhạc trống
act out stories: diễn theo 1 vở kịch
use your imagination: sử dụng trí tưởng tượng
preserve our traditions: bảo tồn truyền thống
keep a diary: viết nhật ký
illiterate (adj): mù chữ
face to face: trực tiếp
physical (adj): thuộc về thể chất
strict rules: các quy tắc nghiêm ngặt
street vendors: các gánh hàng rong
seniority (n): cao tuổi => people of seniority: người cao tuổi
pay respect to: tôn trọng
habit (n): thói quen => break a bad habit: từ bỏ thói quen xấu
behaviour (n): hành vi
practice (n) ~ custom: tục lệ

Ngữ pháp
1. Cấu trúc used to
Dùng để diễn tả hành động thường xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng giờ không còn làm nữa.
Ex: I used to play football when I was a child.
Cấu trúc: used to + V (nguyên thể)
Dạng phủ định: didn’t + use to + V (nguyên thể)
Ex: I didn’t use to go swimming when I was small.
2. Cấu trúc be used to/ get used to
Dùng để diễn tả quen với việc gì.
Cấu trúc: be used to/ get used to + V-ing
Ex: I get used to living here.
I am used to driving on the left.
3. Câu điều ước trái với hiện tại
Trong câu ước trái với hiện tại, ta sẽ lùi về thì QKD.
* Lưu ý: To be trong câu điều ước trái với hiện tại là were với tất cả các chủ ngữ.

Ex: I don’t have much money.

=> I wish I had much money.

I am not tall.
=> I wish I were tall.

He lives far away from his family.

=> He wishes he didn’t live …………
PRACTICE
1. We used to ________ swimming when we were small.
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
2. Nam used to ______ basketball when he had free time.
A. playing B. played C. to playing D. play
3. Jenny gets used to __________ chopsticks.
A. used B. using C. to use D. use
4. Ha used to ______ hide and seek in her free time.
A. played B. to playing C. play D. to play
5. Trang didn’t use to _______ TV.
A. watching B. watch C. to watch D. watched

Viết lại câu

6. I often went to school by bus when I was a student, but now I no longer do. (used to)
=>
7. He often went fishing with his dad when he was small, but now he stops. (used to)
=>
8. I don’t have her phone number.
=> I wish
9. He isn’t tall enough to join the basketball team.
=> He wishes
10. She has a terrible headache.
=> She wishes

* Ta có thể dùng thì QKTD trong câu điều ước trái với hiện tại tiếp diễn.
Ex: She is not working now.
I wish she were working now.
11. We cannot communicate with animals.
I wish
12. These children are suffering from hunger.
I wish
13. We are not playing on the beach.
We wish
14. There is family violence in the world.
I wish
15. I don’t go bushwalking with my friends.
I wish
16. There are not four seasons in my area.
I wish
1. It’s important that we should ________ our traditions because they are of great value to us.
A. use B. go C. preserve D. change
2. Use your _______ and write a poem about Tet.
A. custom B. entertainment C. imagination D. diary
3. My son has a habit of going _______.
A. wealthy B. bare-footed C. technological D. post
4. Generation ______ often occurs in an extended family.
A. gap B. diary C. custom D. event
5. Only _______ people could afford a radio.
A. wealthy B. technological C. bare-footed D. special
6. Birthday is a special __________.
A. custom B. occasion C. entertainment D. change
7. My sister used to keep a ______ when she was young.
A. post B. diary C. tradition D. event
8. They _______ out a play and won the first prize.
A. went B. kept C. acted D. used
9. It’s my family’s _______ to have a big meal on New Year’s Eve.
A. entertainment B. diary C. occasion D. tradition
10. Villagers used to sit there and listen to news through a(n) _______.
A. occasion B. custom C. event D. loudspeaker
VOCAB PRACTICE
1. Giving lucky money to children on Tet holiday is a common ________ in Vietnam.
A. habit B. behaviour C. practice D. event
2. The teacher told us to use our _______ and draw a picture of life in the past.
A. story B. imagination C. occasion D. loudspeaker
3. Parents shouldn’t set strict _______ which can frustrate their children.
A. traditions B. practices C. rules D. habits
4. In the past, children in my area ______ themselves by playing hide-and-seek.
A. respected B. preserved C. entertained D. kept
5. Some people in mountainous areas are still _______. They cannot read and write.
A. bare-footed B. physical C. illiterate D. wealthy
6. We need to protect our ________ and traditions.
A. events B. customs C. habits D. occasions
7. There is a ________ gap in my family.
A. occasion B. tradition C. generation D. loudspeaker
8. The students were required to ______ out the tale ‘Tam Cam’.
A. pay B. keep C. dance D. act
9. It’s a tradition in Vietnam that young people pay respect to people of _______.
A. tradition B. occasion C. seniority D. vendor
People of seniority: người cao tuổi
10. Street ________ are a common sight in Hanoi.
A. rules B. events C. customs D. vendors
street vendors: gánh hàng rong
11. It’s our duty to _______ the ancient traditions.
A. preserve B. act C. dance D. go
12. I prefer talking __________ to talking on the phone.
A. physical B. face to face C. respect D. bare-footed
13. My mom used to (read) _______ me a bedtime story when I was small.
read
14. He used to (play) ________ hide-and-seek with other kids.
play
15. I didn’t used to (eat) _______ out. eat
16. The weather is bad.
=> I wish the weather weren’t bad.
17. She doesn’t have access to the Internet.
=> She wishes she had access to the Internet.
18. He is suffering from stress.
=> He wishes he weren’t suffering from stress.
19. It is raining now.
=> I wish it weren’t raining now.
20. He suffers from depression.
=> He wishes he didn’t suffer from depression.
remote (adj): xa xôi hẻo lánh
downtown: trung tâm thành phố
deliver (v): giao hàng, giao thư
igloo (n): lều tuyết
lifestyle (n): lối sống
healthy (adj): khoẻ mạnh, lành mạnh
in shape: có thân hình cân đối
obesity (n): béo phì
go on a diet: ăn kiêng
eat out: ăn ngoài tiệm
household: hộ gia đình
keep a diary: viết nhật ký

1. My sister has decided to _____ on a diet because she’s recently put on weight.
A. act B. do C. go D. change
2. _______ is very popular among teenagers nowadays because they play with their
smartphones most of the time.
A. Household B. Obesity C. Seniority D. Vendor
3. He exercises every day to get in ______.
A. diet B. diary C. igloo D. shape
4. He lived in a _______, mountainous area of Vietnam.
A. remote B. healthy C. wealthy D. illiterate
5. Many teenagers nowadays have a passive ______. They spend most of their time sitting
and watching TV.
A. obesity B. household C. diary D. lifestyle

village school: trường làng

used to V:
We used to walk to school
15
Bare-footed
Maths, history
Strict rules
Extra classes

value: giá trị

die out: chết dần, giảm dần
customs and traditions
entertain yourself/ themselves
breadwinner: trụ cột gia đình

I wish I were tall enough to play basketball.

PRACTICE
1. When her husband died, she became the ________ of the family.
A. imagination B. tradition C. gap D. breadwinner
2. Hand-writing a letter is an activity that is beginning to ________. A lot of people are
missing it.
A. act out B. go out C. make out D. die out
3. She ________ herself by solving puzzles.
A. entertains B. collects C. preserves D. arranges
4. Wearing black clothes when attending a funeral is a common _______ in many parts of the
world.
A. behaviour B. practice C. imagination D. story
5. Some poor children in my village have to go _______ to school. I wish they had shoes.
A. bare-footed B. on foot C. playing around D. acting out
6. We need to _______ our ancient customs and traditions.
A. collect B. die C. buy D. preserve
7. Use your _______ and draw a picture about life in the past.
A. tradition B. custom C. imagination D. behaviour
8. 20 years ago, only ______ people in my village had TVs.
A. wealthy B. illiterate C. healthy D. cold
9. In some mountainous areas, some women and children are still ______. They cannot read
and write.
A. healthy B. wealthy C. illiterate D. common
10. In the past, we often ate snacks at ________.
A. generation gap B. people of seniority C. street vendors D. physical punishment

11. stay/ women/ in / used to/ home/ the past/ at.

=> Women used to stay at home in the past.
12. at Tet/ Chung Cake/ we/ eat/ used to.
=> We used to eat Chung Cake at Tet.
13. My village doesn’t have access to clean water.
=> I wish my village had access to clean water.
14. Tung is not tall enough to join the basketball team.
=> Tung wishes he were tall enough …..
15. It is very cold outside.
=> I wish it weren’t very cold outside.