ACTIVE RECREATION: SPORTS

RECREATION
- Refers to the activities that an individual can do during free time. Examples can be
reading, playing board games, and singing. These activities aren’t requiring the body to
move physically

ACTIVE RECREATION
- Is recreational activities that require the heart to beat faster
- May help build cardiovascular fitness. They are done for fun and enjoyment. Sometimes,
sports also can be a form of active recreation. For example, a person may want to run
recreationally during weekends for health benefits, but not to win in a competitive event
such as a marathon
- According to the Physical Activity Pyramid, active recreation should be done 3 to 6 days
a week within 20 or more minutes

INDIVIDUAL SPORTS

BOWLING
- In this sport, an individual needs a set of bowling pins and a ball to play the game
- The objective of the game is to knock down the bowling pins using a ball. A variation of
this game is duckpin, where smaller balls and pins are used. This sport develops
eye-hand coordination and power as the player try to roll the ball forwards

GYMNASTICS
- is a sport that develops an individual’s flexibility, as well as muscular strength and
endurance
● Artistic gymnastics requires the use of apparatus like a balance beam.
● Rhythmic gymnastics, on the other hand, consists of gymnastic skills and
routines accompanied by music. Added skill-related fitness components such as
balance, power, and coordination are also developed through gymnastics.

SWIMMING
- Has 4 different events: FREESTYLE, BACKSTROKE, BREASTSTROKE, and
BUTTERFLY
- Swimming enhances an individual’s cardiovascular fitness and muscular endurance. The
skill-related fitness components that may be developed through swimming are speed,
coordination and of course, reaction time.

DUAL SPORT

BADMINTON
- Been considered dual sports because you need an opponent to play it

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 - The objective of the game is to hit the shuttlecock over the net and place it in the
designated court area. Badminton builds cardiovascular fitness. It also enhances one’s
speed, eye-hand coordination, agility, and reaction time

TENNIS
- The objective of playing tennis is to hit the ball back and forth the court. Though tennis
has the same objective as in badminton, their main difference is the equipment used in
these two sports. In tennis, an individual uses a heavier racket and a tennis ball.

TEAM SPORTS: are sports that require more than 2 players. These sports are more popular in
schools as there are a lot of opportunities wherein participants may join

BASKETBALL
- The objective of the sports Basketball is to shoot the ball in a basket and to prevent the
other team from scoring.
- A Basketball game is played by 2 teams with 5 players each. There are a lot of skills that
a person should learn in order to play Basketball such as dribbling, shooting, and
preventing the ball from getting stolen by the opponent.

FOOTBALL
- Is a sport wherein the objective of the game is to score by kicking a ball towards the
opponent’s goal. Two teams are playing with eleven players each. This sport enhances
cardiovascular fitness and muscular endurance as players compete in a game of 90
minutes. Eye-foot coordination is essential in this sport as players control the ball using
their feet.

VOLLEYBALL
- Played by 2 teams with 6 players. The objective of the game is to send the ball over the
net and have it land on the opponent’s court to earn a point.
- The game starts with a service that should fall over the net. The opposite team is
allowed to do three hits in returning the ball to the other side of the court.

BENEFITS OF ACTIVE RECREATION

● Both recreation and sports promote enjoyment and fun. You may not want all kinds of
sports, but at least there is one that you enjoy most.
● Active recreation increases heart rate, thus developing one’s cardiovascular fitness.
● It also releases stress and promotes relaxation.
● Since both active recreation and sports lets your body use more energy, you expend
more calories. Thus, it helps your body achieve a desirable weight.
● Finally, team sports promote social interaction.

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BASKETBALL
- Basketball is a team sport.
- The primary objective is shooting a basketball through the defender’s hoop while
preventing the opposing team from shooting through their own hoop

Where it came from, and how it started…

- In early December 1891, Dr. James Naismiith, a Canadian-born physical education
professor and instructor at the International Young Men’s Christian Association Training
School (YMCA) (today Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts
- He invented the game to keep his students active during the winter. The game was an
immediate success and the original American sport spread instantly to other college and
YMCAS

THE FIRST BALL

- Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball. The first balls made specifically for
basketball were brown, and it was only in the late 1950s that Tony Hinkle, searching for a
ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike, introduced the orange
ball that is now in common use.

THE BASKET
- Peach baskets
- Naismith approached the school janitor, hoping he could find 2 square boxes to use for
goals
- When the janitor came back from his search, he had 2 peach baskets instead
- Naismith nailed the peach baskets to the lower rail of the gymnasium balcony, one on
each side

THE FIRST BASKETBALL COURT

- On December 21, 1891, James Naismith published rules for a new game using 5 basic
ideas and 13 rules
- That day, he asked his class to play a match in the armory Street court: 9 vs 9, using a
soccer ball and two peach baskets

> Naismith’s wife is named Maude Evelyn Sherman Naismith

RULES OF THE GAME

- A player scores when he manages to throw the ball into the basket, with the ball passing
through the basket from above the hoop. Scoring a basket increases the tea,’s score by
3, 2, or 1 point
- On a competition level, a team is made up of 5 players playing on the court and 5
players sitting on the bench that can be used for substitution during the whole period of
the game

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SCORING
- A player scores when he manages to throw the ball into the basket, with the ball passing
through the basket from above the hoop
- Scoring a basket increases the team’s score by 3, 2, or 1 point
● 2 POINT FIELD GOAL - a shot made from anywhere during play inside the 3 pt
arc
● 3 POINT FIELD GOAL - a shot made from anywhere outside the 3 pt arc
● FREE THROW - 1 point is awarded to an unguarded shot taken from behind the
free throw line while the clock is stopped

VIOLATIONS
- Occurs when the player breaks one of the rules of basketball. It results in the awarding
of the ball to the opponents
● TRAVELING - moving illegally with the ball
● THREE SECONDS - an offensive player remains in the key (free throw lane - the
area under the basket) for more than 3 seconds
● DOUBLE DRIBBLE - a player dribbles the ball with both hands at the same time
or they stop and then start dribbling again
● FREE THROW VIOLATION - stepping over the free throw line before the ball hits
the rim
● BACK COURT VIOLATION - going back over the centerline/half court to gain
control of the ball after the ball has already been in the opponent's court

FOULS
- An illegal action that can be committed by a player from one team against a player from
the opposing team. Basketball is generally said to be a non-contact game. If contact
occurs beyond what is deemed to be a reasonable, or if a player thereby obtains an
unfair advantage from it, a foul is committed
- FOUL results in one or more free throws awarded to the opposing team
● BLOCKING - impeding the progress of an opponent by extending one or both
arms horizontally or getting in the path of a moving player
● CHARGING - running into a stationary player while you are moving with the ball
● HACKING - the player hits the arm or hand of the person holding the ball
● HOLDING - the player holds the person with or without the ball
- DISQUALIFICATIONS:
● 5 personal fouls
● Single disqualifying foul (flagrant foul)

DIFFERENT BASKETBALL ROLES

- Each player is assigned a position when playing. This position is usually determined by
the height of the player
- The tallest player on the team usually plates “center” also known as “position 5”, while
the medium size ones play “forwards” / “position 3 and 4”. The shortest players then play
“guards” / “position 1 and 2”

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POINT GUARD
- usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the
ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time

SHOOTING GUARD
- creates a high volume of shots on offense and guard the opponent's best perimeter
player on defense

SMALL FORWARD
- responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration and on
defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively

POWER FORWARD
- plays offensively often with their back to the basket and on defense, plays under the
basket (in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man
defense)

CENTER
- uses height and size to score on offense play, to protect the basket closely (on defense),
or to rebound

INTERNATIONAL BASKETBALL
- Formed in 1932 by 8 founding nations:
● Argentina
● Czechoslovakia
● Greece
● Italy
● Latvia
● Portugal
● Romania
● Switzerland
- At this time, the organization only oversaw amateur players. Its acronym derived from
the french Federation Internationale de Basketball Amateur, was thus FIBA
- Men’s basketball was first included in the Berlin Olympic Games in 1936, although a
demonstration tournament was held in 1904

NBA
- The National Basketball Association is a professional basketball league in North America
- Composed of 30 teams and is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the
United States and Canada. It is the premier men’s professional basketball league in the
world

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PBA
- The Philippine Basketball Association is a men’s professional basketball league in the
philippines composed of 12 company-branded franchised teams
- Founded in 1975, it is the first professional basketball league in Asia and is the 2nd
oldest continuously professional basketball league existing in the world after the NBA,
established before the “open era” of basketball in 1990 where FIBA allowed
longstanding domestic leagues, which mostly had predated the PBA, to become
professional. The league;s regulations are a hybrid or rules from the NBA and FIBA

THE AMERICAN “DREAM TEAM”

- FIBA dropped the distinction between amateur and professional players in 1989 and in
1992, professional players played for the olympic games
- The United States dominance continued with the introduction of their Dream Team

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THE BASICS OF BASKETBALL

DIFFERENT BALL PASSES

- In all ball sports, passing is an essential skill to transport the ball to finish a goal
- In basketball, there are different ways to pass the ball to your teammate

OVERHEAD PASS
- Is to elevate the ball so the pass is often more easily seen by the receiver
- Provides a different angle for the ball to travel and is ideal in situations like passing over
defenders and skip passing

UNDERHAND PASS
- to use an underhand motion, the shooter first grabs the ball with two hands, one on
either side. The shooter bends his knees and then extends them as he raises both arms.
Finally, the shooter lets go of the ball on the way up

CHEST PASS
- Originates from the chest
- It is thrown by gripping the ball on the sides with the thumbs directly behind the ball
- When the pass is thrown, the fingers are rotated behind the ball and the thumbs are
turned down

BASEBALL PASS
- A pass made in basketball where the player uses and overhand throwing motion similar
to a baseball pitch, and passes the ball to another teammate

BOUNCE PASS
- A type of pass that is used between two teammates
- The ball will travel from one teammate, bounce on the floor, and travel towards their
other teammate
- Is one of the main components of a basketball offenses and can be used in many
different ways

CATCHING THE BASKETBALL

1. OVERHEAD CATCH = a ball catch above the waist level
2. UNDERHAND CATCH = a ball catch below waist level

IMPORTANT POINTS IN CATCHING THE BASKETBALL

- Always keep your eyes on the ball
- Move the direction of the ball to catch it properly
- Spread your fingers well, then slightly “cup” palms to ready for catch
- Relax arm to catch the ball

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BASKETBALL DRIBBLING
- Are done to advance the ball to your side of the court
- It is executed to go past your opponents’ defense
● LOW DRIBBLE = is done by keeping the ball bouncing low, nearest the floor
● HIGH BOUNCE DRIBBLE = is done to move the ball to your side of the court
quickly, or when executing a fast break
● CROSS OVER = that use a quick change of direction using both hands
alternately. The aim of a cross over is to confuse your defender on which
direction you are going

SHOOTING
- Push shot, two hands
- Push shot, one hand
- Lay-up
- Free throw