DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS & VECTOR CALCULUS

UNIT – I

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. Define order and degree of a differential equation.
2. What is the necessary and sufficient condition for the differential equation to be exact?
3. Define integrating factor.
𝑦𝑑𝑥−𝑥𝑑𝑦
4. Solve + 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0.
𝑥2
5. Write an integrating factor for 2xydy – (x2+y2)dx = 0.
6. Write an integrating factor for y(1+xy)dx + x(1–xy)dy = 0.
7. What is the general solution of Leibnitz’s linear differential equation?
8. Define Bernoulli’s equation.
9. State Newton’s law of cooling.
10. What is the differential equation for natural growth and decay?

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:

𝑑𝑦
1. Solve(𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)2 .
2. Solve (1+y2) dx = (tan-1y – x) dy.
𝑑𝑦
3. Solve(1 − 𝑥 2 ) + 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥√1 − 𝑥 2 .
𝑑𝑥
𝑥
4. Solve 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑒 .
𝑑𝑦
5. Solve x + y = x3y6.
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦
6. Solve − = (1 + 𝑥)𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑦.
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑥
𝑑𝑦
7. Solve + 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑦 = 𝑥 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑦.
𝑑𝑥
8. Solve(𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥) = 𝑥√𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥.
𝑑𝑦 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+𝑦
9. Solve 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦+𝑥 = 0.
10. Solve y (x2y2+2) dx + x (2−2x2y2) dy = 0.
11. Solve (x2y−2xy2) dx− (x3−3x2y) dy = 0.
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12. Solve(𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑒 𝑥3 ) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0.
13. Solve (𝑥𝑦 3 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 2(𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑦 = 0.
14. Solve (𝑥𝑦 4 + 3𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑥 2 𝑦 3 + 5𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0.
15. A body is originally at 80◦c and cools down to 60◦c in 20 minutes. If the temperature of the air is 40◦c, find
the temperature of the body after 40 minutes.
16. An object whose temperature is 75◦c cools in an atmosphere of constant temperature 25◦c at the rate kθ, θ
being the excess temperature of the body over that of the temperature. If after 10 minutes the temperature
of the object falls to 65◦c, find its temperature after 20minutes. Also find the time required to cool down to
55◦c.
17. The number N of bacteria in a culture grew at a rate proportional to N. The value if N was initially 100 and
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increased to 332 in one hour. What would be the value of N after 1 hours?
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18. A bacterial culture, growing exponentially, increases from 200 to 500 grams in the period from 6a.m. to
9a.m. how many grams will be present at noon.
19. If 30% of a radioactive substance disappears in 10 days, how long will it take for 90% of it to disappear?
20. Find the current at any time t > 0 in a circuit having in series a constant electromotive force 40 V, a resistor
10 Ω and an inductor 0.2 H. Given that initial current is zero.
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