Qut2 <50

21 +3x 2 So

Qut 3 x2 + OS1 + oS2 + Js e 40

caficinte
X2 SL S3 RHS Rato
2 -4
2
ooo
4 50 50|1 = 50
S2 2 too!
S3 2:3

2 200
SI 8|5 -175 3o
2 al5 75 20

S3 315 30
 Example5: Using enalty (Big M) dnd Duality
method solve the
Minimise z= X4 + 2x2 + X3 following L.PP.
1 1
subjectto +
23 S1

1+2x2 +Xg 2 8
X4, X2, X3 20.
(M.U. 2001)
problem is of
Sincethe given minimisation type we convert it into
Sol
Maximize z'=-Z = X1 - 2x2 - X3. maximisation type.
We have
Maximise z'=-X- 2X2 - X3 - 0s4 -0s, - MA,
(1)
subject to X4 t5X2 5xs +S +Os, +0Az=1 (2)
3
X+ 2x2 + X3 +0s - S + A, =8 (3)
Mutiply (3) by Mand add to (1).

.. Maximise +(-2+2M) X, +(-1+ M) X3 +0s - Ms +OAz - 8M

+ (2 - 2M) x, + (1- M) X2 + 0s + Ms +0s3 + 0A, =-8M

Simplex Table
Iteration Basic Coefficients of R.H.S. Ratio
Number Var. X4 X X3 S S Az Sol.

z'
1-M
2
2-2M 1 M M0 -8M

s, leaves S 2
1 1/2* 1/2 1
X,enters Ag 3/2 2 1 0 -1 1 4 4

z' -3 M 0 -1+ M -4 +4M M 0 -4- 4M

2 0 0 2
1 1 2
Az - 5/2 1
AieSince all -1 -4 -1

values enThtreies givenin the row of z are positive (M is a big positive number) A, appears with a

problem has no feasible solution.

Now. to find the dual of the above problem we write it as
Maximise z =8x4 + 6x
subject to X4 - X s 0"6
- X4 + XT S-2
X4, X2 2 0.
Hence, the dual of the above problem is
Minimise W= 06y - 2y2
subject to V4-y2 >8
-y1+ y2 6
Introducingthe slack and artificial variables, we have
Maximise w'=-w=-0-6y, + 2y, - MA,- MAz
subject to Y4-y2 S + 0s, t A4 + 0A, = 8
- y1 + y2 + Os - S + 0A4 + Ag =6
Engineering Mathematics - IV
(Computer and I.T.) Penalty and Duaih
s in the given constrainte
Sol. We first express the given problem using
Minimise z= X4 + X2
subject to - 2x4 - X) S-2
X4t X S-1
Introducing the slack variables S1, ST, We have
Minimise Z= X4 + X -0s4-0S
i.e. Z- X4 - X + 0s4 +0s, = 0
subject to -2x4-X +S +0s =-2
X4 t X2 + 0s + S =-1
Simplex Table

Iteration Basic Coefficients of R.H.S.

Number Variables Solution
S S
0 -1 -1 0

S, leaves -2* -1 -2 <

X enters 1 1 1 -1
Ratio 1/2 1

1 N
-1/2 -1/2 0 1

1 1/2 - 1/2 0 1
1/2 1/2 1 -2 <
Ratio
-1 -1
Since S2 rOw is negative, s, feasibe
solution. leaves, But since all ratios are negative, the L.P.P. has no
negative,