Lec6 : Removable Orthodontic Appliances ‫ نصر القـديـمـي‬/‫د‬

Removable Orthodontic Appliances

Springs Canine retractors Bows Screws

Finger Spring Buccal Canine retractor Short labial bow

Z - Spring Palatal Canine retractor Long labial bow

Coffin Spring

T - Spring

Springs

1) Finger spring (single cantilever spring)

Construction: 0.5&0.6 mm hard round S.S wire

Consist form:

A- Active arm : 12-15 mm in length

B- Coil of 3 mm internal diameter
C- Retentive arm of 4-5 mm length impeded in the
acrylic

USES:

1- It’s used in mesio-disal movement of tooth that are located correctly in buccolingual
direction .
2- It may be used in buccal movement of a premolar

Edition 2 1 Written & Edited by: ‫ دمحم القحيف‬+‫حامد الصغير‬

Lec6 : Removable Orthodontic Appliances ‫ نصر القـديـمـي‬/‫د‬

ACTIVATION:
By closing the coil in the direction of indented tooth movement in a range of 2-3 mm if
the spring is constructed from 0.5 mm wire but if its constructed from 0.6 mm we do 1-2
mm activation

Notes:
Generally the direction of any coil should be opposite to the intended tooth movement

 The coil should lie along the long axis of the tooth to be moved perpendicular to the
direction of movement
 The coil and active arm should be covered by wax before acrylizaion . So the lie in a
recess between the acrylic and mucosa .

2) Z- spring :(double cantilever spring )

0.5 mm hard stainless steel round wire .

Consistent form:

A- Active arm : that end with a traumatic bend .

B- Two active coils .
C- Zig-Zag shaped retentive tag impeded inside
the acryl .
It must be away from the soft tissue to allow a
space for the acrylic.
Activation:
1- By opening the tow coil about 1-2 mm in case of proclination of incisor .
2- By opening of one coil in cases of the rotated incisor .
Notes:
Edition 2 2 Written & Edited by: ‫ دمحم القحيف‬+‫حامد الصغير‬
Lec6 : Removable Orthodontic Appliances ‫ نصر القـديـمـي‬/‫د‬

- It must be perpendicular to the palatal surface of the tooth

The limbs of the spring must have sufficient length unless it will be stiff .

3) T – spring:
Construction:

0.5 mm hard S.S round wire .

1- T-shaped arm : whose ended are

embedded in acrylic .

2- loops : are incorporated in both arms

of the spring so that as the tooth moves
bucally

The head of the spring remains in

contact with the crown by slightly opening the loops

Uses:- In buccal movement of the premolars .

Activation:

By pulling the free end of the T-Spring toward the end of the intended tooth movement .

Edition 2 3 Written & Edited by: ‫ دمحم القحيف‬+‫حامد الصغير‬

Lec6 : Removable Orthodontic Appliances ‫ نصر القـديـمـي‬/‫د‬

4) Coffin spring
Construction:

1 mm round hard S.S wire .

Consistence:

Omega shaped wire placed in the mid palatal

region with retentive arms incorporated into
acrylic .

Uses:

1- In slow dento-alveolar expansion of constricted upper arch .

2- In the treatment of unilateral cross bite .

Activation:

Manually by holding the end at the Adam`s clasp and pulling the sides gently apart about
1-2 mm a time .

Canine Retractors
They are used in the movement of canine in distal direction .
They can generally classified into :
1. Buccal canine retractor: when the canine is bucally placed .
2. Palatal canine retractor: when the canine is palataly placed .

1. Buccal canine retractor (BCR) :

Construction:

1- 0.5 mm round hard S.S wire and supported by box

2- 0.7 mm round hard S.S wire and is called (self-supported BCR )

Edition 2 4 Written & Edited by: ‫ دمحم القحيف‬+‫حامد الصغير‬

Lec6 : Removable Orthodontic Appliances ‫ نصر القـديـمـي‬/‫د‬

Consistence Form:
1- Active arm that engages the mesial
surface of the canine.
2- Coil: of 3mm in diameter that is :
a- placed distal to the long axis of
the canine .
b- placed away from the soft
tissue .
3- Retentive arm .

Uses:
1- Bucally placed canine .
2- Canine that are located high in the vestibule .

Activation:
By closing the coil 1mm in a time

2. palatal canine retractor (PCR) :

Construction:
0.5 – 0.6 mm round hard S.S wire .

Consist Form:
1- An active arm: that engages the mesial surface
of the canine .
2- Coil: of 3 mm diameter placed along the long
axis of the canine.
3- Aguid arm: that end with the retentive tag .

Uses:
retraction of palataly placed canines .

Activation:
By opening of coil 1 mm a time .

Edition 2 5 Written & Edited by: ‫ دمحم القحيف‬+‫حامد الصغير‬

Lec6 : Removable Orthodontic Appliances ‫ نصر القـديـمـي‬/‫د‬

Bows
Labial bow (short& long Labial Bow)
Construction:

0.7 mm hard round S.S wire .

Consist form:

1- Bow that extend form the canine to the canine .

2- Two U loops . the distal arm of the loops is adapted in the occlusal embrasure
between the canine and 1st premolar .
the two loops should be away from the tissue .
3- two retentive arms.
Uses:

1- Minor over jet reduction .

2- Closure of space distal to canine .
3- Retaining device after orthodontic treatment.
Activation:
By compressing the two loops so the bow moves toward the palate in a range of 1mm.
Notes:
- Short labial bow extends from the canine to the canine while long one extend from one
first premolar to the other on the opposite side .
- The distal arms of the two U loops of long labial arch are adapted over the occlusal
embrasure between the two premolar .

- Long labial bow is more flexible than short .

Edition 2 6 Written & Edited by: ‫ دمحم القحيف‬+‫حامد الصغير‬

Lec6 : Removable Orthodontic Appliances ‫ نصر القـديـمـي‬/‫د‬

Screws
Screw are used in orthodontic movement in many situation when other active
component are not useful.

The apply an intermittent large force (about 0.2 mm in each turn). which decrease when
the tooth moves and it transmit force to teeth by mean of acrylic that comes in contact
with the teeth to be moved .

The acrylic base plate must be split to allow the movement of the screw .

This can be done by the patient at home by key .

Movement that can be done by screw.

1- Expansion of the arch .

2- Movement of one or group of teeth in a buccal or labial direction .
3- Movement of one or group of teeth in a mesio-distal direction.

Edition 2 7 Written & Edited by: ‫ دمحم القحيف‬+‫حامد الصغير‬