Order of Operations

P arentheses
E xponents
M ultiplication &
D ivision
A ddition &
S ubtraction

Exercises
Is each expression true? Write yes or no.
1. 6 × 3 + 4 = 22 2. 3 + 6 × 5 = 45
3. 4 × (6 + 4 ÷ 2) = 20 4. 25 - (12 × 1) = 13
5. (1 + 5) × (1 + 5) = 36 6. (4 + 3 × 2) + 6 = 20
7. 35 - 5 × 5 = 10 8. (9 ÷ 3) × 9 = 27

Simplify.
9. 24 - (3 × 6) 10. 3 × (4 + 16)
11. 2 × 2 × (8 - 5) 12. 9 + (5 - 3)
13. (12 - 9) × 5 14. 10 + 9 × 4
15. (4 + 5) × 9 16. 36 ÷ (12 + 6)
17. 32 - (10 - 5) 18. 24 + 6 × (16 ÷ 2)

Use parentheses to make the expression true.

19. 4 + 5 × 6 = 54
20. 4 × 25 + 25 = 200
21. 24 ÷ 6 + 2 = 3
22. 10 + 20 ÷ 4 - 5 = 10
23. 8 + 3 × 3 = 17
24. 16 - 10 ÷ 2 × 4 = 44

25. Use each number 2, 3, and 4 once to make an expression

equal to 14.
 Exercises Order of Operations

For Exercises 1–46, simplify. Show your steps.

1. 7 + 5 # 3 2. 35 - 3 # 7 3. 18 + 36 , 4 # 3
4. 20 , 2 # 5 + 6 5. 122 - 6 # 4 , 8 6. 72 + 5 # 6 , 10
39
7. 36 - 32 # 4 + 14 8. 16 - 48 , 42 + 5 9. + 6 - 23
13
21
10. 29 - 42 + 11. 25 + 2114 - 92 12. 43 - 212 + 42
7
24 15
13. 2 # 52 - 14. 3 # 62 - 15. 7 # 8 - 40 , 5 # 2 + 9
4 3
60 44
16. 9 # 4 - 24 , 4 # 2 - 6 17. 26 - 18 , 3 # 5 - 18. 52 - 24 , 8 # 6 +
6 4

19. 32 # 4 , 6 - 5 + 22 20. 52 # 3 , 15 + 4 - 32 21. 2114 + 32 - 8 # 2 + 19 - 22

22. 5113 - 72 + 4 # 3 - 14 + 22 23. 12 + 92119 - 1622 24. 15 - 3212 + 422

116 + 52
27. 113 - 8232 -
25 48
115 - 92
26. 217 - 42 + 82 -
114 - 62
25. 7123 - 122 +
7

119 - 112
28. 13 + 1252 - 29. 912 # 7 - 6 # 22 30. 214 # 5 - 3 # 52
4
31. 13 + 4211 + 24 , 816 - 42 32. 119 - 16213 + 54 , 917 - 52

33. 12 , 14 # 32 + 519 - 622 34. 36 , 12 # 62 + 315 - 122

35. 314 - 13 + 224 , 3 + 4117 - 62 36. 320 - 17 + 524 , 2 + 3113 - 42

37. 36 - 53128 - 42 , 234 + 33 38. 31 - 33156 - 62 , 524 + 24

39. 5 18 - 4321 , 13 + 424 6 + 48 , 2 40. 54 , 2 + 5 15 - 3320 , 14 + 624 6

92 - 21 22 + 33
3114 - 62 - 18 + 92
41. 42.
56 - 214 + 122

38 - 4115 - 122 112 - 522 + 23

13 + 522 - 2139 - 82 10 , 2 - 111 - 92
43. 44.

45. [485 - 168 + 392] + 45 - 24 # 16 , 8 46. 125 - 923 + 420 , 33 # 5 + 119 - 1324

For Exercises 47–50, explain the mistake and work the problem correctly.
49. 13 + 52 - 2 # 7 50. [12 - 2 # 3] + 41322
2
48. 24 , 6 # 2 + 5
47. 48 - 619 - 42
= 9 + 25 - 2 # 7 = 312 - 64 + 41322
= 48 - 6152 = 24 , 12 + 5
= 9 + 25 - 14 = 6 + 41322
= 42152 = 2 + 5
= 34 - 14 = 6 + 144
= 210 = 7
= 20 = 150
 Integers

Exercises
For Exercises 1–74, simplify.
1. 3 - 10 , 2 2. -8 , 2 + 4 3. 9 + 4 # 1 -62

4. 15 - 5 # 4 5. 3 - 2 # 4 + 11 6. 2 + 16 , 4 - 9

7. 9 + 20 , 1-4) # 3 8. -30 , 2 # 1-32 + 21 9. 3 - 1-222

10. 1-322 - 8 11. -5 + 1-422 - 1 12. 5 - 1-522 + 13

13. 92 - 6 # 1-42 , 8 14. -14 - 1-322 # 4 + 5 15. 3 + 14 - 62 2

16. -2 - 15 - 22 2 17. 3 + 14 - 622 18. -2 - 15 - 222

19. 225 - 9 20. 216 + 9 21. 225 - 29

22. 216 + 29 23. 1 -224 24. -24

25. -25 26. (-225 27. -1 -322

28. -1-223 29. 3-1-3)42 30. [-1-2)]3

31. 9 , 3-1 -22 2 32. 43 - 31-22 33. 3 - 1-221-322

34. 2 - 1-521-422 35. 兩 18 - 51-42 兩 36. 兩 21 , 1-3) + 12 兩

37. - 兩 -43 + 6 # 4 兩 38. - 兩 -16 - 1-321-72 兩

39. -5兩 26 , 13 - 7 # 2 兩 40. -4兩 32 + 1-52162 兩

41. 1 -322 - 2[3 - 511 + 42] 42. 534 + 31 -2 + 124 - 1-422

43. 28 , 1 -7) + 249 + (-32 3 44. 25 - 62 + (-52) , 2169

45. 12 + 8281 , 1 -62 46. -5236 + 40 , 1-5) # 2 - 14

47. 42 - 7 # 5 + 2121 - 21 , 1-72 48. 1-223 + 3225 - 18 , 3

49. 15 + 1 -323 + 1 -52 兩 14 + 1-229 兩 50. -28 , 4 + 兩 -31-221-52 兩 -25

51. 1-15 + 122 + 51-62- 39 - 1-1224 , 3 52. 39 , 3 + (24 - 30) - 52 + [ -21 - ( -13)]

53. 1-22 # 15 - 822 , 6 + 14 - 22 54. 15 - 722 , 1-22 - 1-32 , 3

55. - 兩 38 - 14 # 2兩 + 44 , 35 - 1-624 - 24 56. -3249 + 兩 16 , (-8)兩 - (28 - 40) , (-3)

57. 5 19 - 234 + 1-924 6 -18 , 225 - 16 58. 5 123-2 - 1 -524 - 40 6 , 225 - 9

59. 31 -14 + 22 + 54 , 0 + 94 # 7 60. 3191-22 - 1-1824 , 5 15 - 532 - 1 -124 6

 Order of Operations
61. 5 1-322 + 4418 - 202 , 1-2)] 6 + 1 -52225 # 4

62. 4216 # 9 - 5 1-423 + 2318 , 1-22 + 14 - 1-2224 6

63. 5 兩 -121 -52-38兩 + 2 6 , 33-9 + 24943

64. -3 5 14 - 2兩 20 - 7142兩 6 + 31321-92 - 1 -21242

65. 5 2314 - 114 + 21421-9) 6 - 312 - 6 # 94

66. 53 - 319 + 4216 - 254 + 兩 41 - 50 兩 2

61 -42 + 16 34 - 5122
14 + 72 - 9 7 + 19 - 42
67. 68.

31-122 + 1 20 + 121 -32

69. 2
70.
3 - 2 32 - 1

15 - 192 + 33 24 + 3(7 + 19)

71. 72.
(-2)(-6) - 52 82 - (2 # 8 + 1)

3 # 1 -6) - 62 1-223 + 517 - 152

73. 74.
-212 - 522 4 # 11 - 215 - 922

75. Explain the difference between 1-224 and -24. 76. Explain the difference between -( -322 and [-(3)] 2.

77. Why do both 1-225 and -25 simplify to -32? 78. Why is the answer to Exercise 60 undefined?

For Exercises 79–86, explain the mistake in each problem and work it correctly.
79. 28 - 5124 - 302 80. 24 , 2 # 3 + 5
= 28 - 51 -62 = 24 , 6 + 5
= 231-62 = 4 + 5
= -138 = 9

82. 19 - 1-25 2
81. 4 - 19 - 42 2
= 19 - 32
= 4 - 19 - 162 = -13
= 4 - 1-72
= 4 + 7
32 - 125 - 42 2
= 11 84.
21-72
83. 34 - 33 # 5 - 114 + 824 32 - 125 - 162
= 34 - 3 # 5 - 22 =
-14
= 34 - 15 - 22 2
3 - 9
= 19 - 22 =
-14
= -3 9 - 9
=
-14
86. -231613 - 52 + 74
85. 2169 - 25 0
= -23161-22 + 74 = , which is undefined
= 13 - 5 -14
= -2332 + 74
= 8
= -23394
= -78
 43. 6  3  5 44. 5  9  2  45. 32  4 46. 52  17
23 47 5 8

47. 4  (5  3)  2 48. 3  (4  2) 3  49. 5  (8  4) 6 50. 8  22  4

10 5 7 8

51. 16  (3  2) 10 52. 12  (1  5) 12  53. 10  23  4 54. 5  32  8

8 6 6 53

55. 16  4  32 56. 12  4  23  57. 16  (8  3)  2 58. 7  (9  5)  3

52 44 26 19

59. 22  3  (6  2)2 60. 33  5  (8  6)3  61. 22  32  2  3 62. 4  6  32  42

52 67 42 168

 63. 16  2  4 64. 12  3  5  65. 3  (6  2)  4

8 27 16

66. 5  (8  4)  6  67. 8  (8  2) 3 68. 12  (12  4) 4

14 6 10

 69. 8  2  3  2 3 70. 10  1  5  2 5  71. 3  (4  2) 6

8 9 3

72. (7  3)2 248  73. 20  4 2  (3  1)3 74. 12 3  22  (7  3)2

12 4 32

75. (4  2)  6 3  (5  2)2 76. 18  2  3  (4  1)3 77. 100 (2  3)2  8 2

13 39 0
Quick Quiz
Simplify.
2
1. 3  2 (12 6) 5
For Exercises 78 to 80, insert parentheses as needed in the expression 8  2  3  1 in 2. 14  (11  2) 3 11
order to make the statement true.

78. 8  2  3  1  3 79. 8  2  3  1  0 80. 8  2  3  1  24

8  (2  3)  1 8  2  (3  1) (8  2)  (3  1)

Applying the Concepts

81. Explain the difference that the order of operations makes between
a. (14  2) 2  3 and b. (14  2) (2  3). Work the two problems. What is the
difference between the larger answer and the smaller answer?
For answers to the Writing exercises, please see the Appendix in the Instructor’s Resource Binder that accompanies this textbook.