Indore: Municipal Solid Waste Management –

Report
Group of CSE :
Mitali Wadkar (21510008)
Tushar Rathod (21510036)
Sujan Mujawar (21510048)
Aradhya Pitlawar (21510063)
Rutuja Madane (21510100)
SNo. Table of Contents
1 Overview of Indore's Urban Landscape
2 Daily Generation of 1200 Metric Tons of Solid Waste in Indore
3 Achieving 98% Segregation of Waste at the Point of
Generation in Indore
4 Management of Biomedical Waste in Indore
5 Status Update on Landfill Sites in Indore
6 Correlation Between Density, Population, and Waste
Generation in Indore
7 Demographic Composition of Indore's Population
8 Relationship Between Literacy Rate, Income, and Waste
Generation in Indore
9 Strategies for Management and Handling of Municipal Solid
Waste (MSW) in Indore
10 Role of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in Indore's
Environmental Governance
11 Procedures for Registering as a Hazardous Waste Recycler in
Indore
12 Conclusion
Overview of Indore's Urban Landscape
Indore, a city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, is experiencing rapid
growth across various fronts, including population, economy, urbanization,
and industrialization. This surge in development has led to a substantial
increase in solid waste generation within the region. The waste generated
encompasses a wide range of materials, including biodegradable, non-
biodegradable, construction debris, metals, plastics, and other forms of waste.
key demographic and environmental factors in Indore:
1. Geographical Area: Indore spans a total geographical area of 3898
square kilometers, providing ample space for urban development and
infrastructure expansion.
2. Population (2011 Census): The city's population stood at 1,960,631
according to the 2011 Census. Since then, the population is likely to
have grown significantly due to ongoing urban migration and natural
population growth.
3. Literacy Rate: Indore boasts a commendable literacy rate of 85.87%,
indicating a strong emphasis on education and intellectual
development among its residents.
4. Population Density: With a population density of 839 individuals per
square kilometer, Indore is densely populated, reflecting its status as a
major urban center in Madhya Pradesh.
5. Sex Ratio: The sex ratio in Indore is 925 females for every 1000 males,
suggesting a relatively balanced gender distribution within the city.
6. Economic Growth: Indore is experiencing rapid economic growth,
driven by various sectors including manufacturing, commerce, finance,
and information technology. This growth has contributed to job
creation and increased prosperity for its residents.
7. Urbanization and Industrialization: The city's rapid urbanization and
industrialization have transformed its landscape, leading to the
development of infrastructure and the establishment of industrial
zones. However, this growth has also brought challenges such as
traffic congestion, pollution, and waste management issues.
8. Waste Generation: The accelerated pace of urbanization and
 industrialization has resulted in a significant increase in solid waste
generation in Indore. This includes various types of waste such as
biodegradable, non-biodegradable, construction debris, metals, plastics,
and other forms of waste. Effective waste management practices are
essential to mitigate the environmental impact of this waste and
maintain the city's cleanliness and sustainability.

Demographic Label Value

Total Geographical Area 3898 sq.km

Population (2011 Census) 1,960,631

Literacy Rate 85.87

Population Density 839 per sq.km

Sex Ratio 925 females on every 1000 males

Daily Generation of 1200 Metric Tons of Solid Waste in

Indore
The city of Indore, located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, covers a vast area of 3898
square kilometers. Over the years, Indore has experienced significant demographic
changes, with the population soaring to 3,113,445 in 2021, compared to 1,960,631 in 2011.
This rapid population growth has become a primary driver behind the escalating volume of
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in Indore. Studies have highlighted the adverse
effects of unsafe waste disposal, including the generation of hazardous gases and
leachates that can contaminate soil and water sources. Currently, Indore grapples with the
daily generation of approximately 1200 metric tons of solid waste.

To address this challenge, Indore has implemented various methods of waste

management. These methods include:
 1. Segregation at Source: Encouraging residents to segregate waste at
the point of generation, sorting it into categories such as biodegradable,
non-biodegradable, and recyclable materials.
2. Collection and Transportation: Deploying efficient collection and
transportation systems to gather waste from households and
commercial establishments and transport it to designated disposal sites.
3. Treatment and Processing: Establishing facilities for the treatment and
processing of waste, including composting of organic waste and
recycling of recyclable materials.
4. Landfill Management: Ensuring proper management of landfill sites to
prevent environmental contamination and minimize the impact of
waste disposal on surrounding areas.
5. Public Awareness and Participation: Conducting awareness
campaigns and community engagement initiatives to educate
residents about the importance of proper waste management
practices and encourage their active participation in waste reduction
and recycling efforts.

Achieving 98% Segregation of Waste at the Point of

Generation in Indore
Active participation from residents of the Indore region is paramount for the success
of waste segregation at the source. While the majority diligently sort their waste,
approximately 2% of households in Indore do not segregate their waste into dry and
wet categories. Wet waste typically consists of food leftovers, fruit and vegetable
skins, and other kitchen waste that decomposes, while dry waste encompasses
items such as plastic, paper, and glass that do not decompose easily.
The high rate of waste segregation in Indore reflects a strong community effort
towards sustainable waste management practices. However, continued awareness
campaigns and community engagement initiatives may help bridge the gap and
ensure full compliance with waste segregation guidelines, further enhancing the
city's waste management efficiency.
Management of Biomedical Waste in Indore
In recent years, efforts have been made to enhance biomedical waste
segregation practices in Indore. This includes the implementation of stringent
protocols for the disposal of biomedical waste using specialized containers
such as Bio Medical Waste Bins and Biomedical Sharp Containers. These
containers provide a safer and more efficient means of disposing of
biohazardous materials, reducing the risk of contamination and ensuring
compliance with regulatory standards.

Moreover, the disposal of liquid waste from hospitals, clinics, and healthcare
centers in Indore is another area of concern. Liquid waste generated in
medical facilities often contains highly infectious pathogens and chemicals,
posing serious health hazards if not properly managed. While some liquid
waste is disposed of in sewers, there is a growing emphasis on adopting
safer and more environmentally friendly disposal methods to mitigate the risk
of contamination and protect public health.

Status Update on Landfill Sites in Indore

Growing popuation of Indore, means existing landfills won't be sufficient.
If we talk about, entire Madhya Pradesh, about 763.5 Metric Tons of Solid
Waste is sent to landfill sites everyday. In fact, Madhya Pradesh generates
8022.5 Metric Tons of Waste everyday. Of this, only about 7235.5 Metric Tons
of Waste is collected and just 6472 Metric Ton Per Day is treated. Ironicaly the
waste collected is dumped together at the landfills. These are largely un-
regulated and are hazardous to surrounding areas of Indore's Landfills Sites.

Correlation Between Density, Population, and Waste

Generation in Indore
The population density of Indore is 839 people per square kilometer (2011
Census). In context to the waste generation, it is important to know the
density of any city because there is a direct link between the population
density and the waste generated per day. The density of population is the
ratio between the numbers of people to the size of land. It is usually
measured in persons per sq.km. For example, the area of Indore Region is
3898 sq km and the population is 1,960,631 persons (2011 Census). The
density of population is calculated by dividing 1,960,631 (Indore popuation) by
3898 sq km.
According to an estimate, it is found that household size is directly
proportional to waste generation. As the household size increases, the waste
generation will also increase. In other words, bigger the household size Indore
city, the more waste will be generated in Indore.

Demographic Composition of Indore's Population

Sex ratio of Indore depicts 925 females per 1000 males. The popuation of
Indore in 2011 was 1,960,631, in 2020 was 3016713, in 2021 was 3113445,
.Public attitude of Indore residents needs to be changed in proper waste
handling and segregation. This will save the people of Indore city from several
environmental and health related problems. With the growth in population,
there will be growth in the generated waste aso. Indore city will have to bear
the burden of handling additional waste in the days to come as the
population grows.

Relationship Between Literacy Rate, Income, and Waste

Generation in Indore
Literacy Rate of Indore is 85.87%. A study conducted by the Population
Foundation of India has found out that each year of education in India
increases a person's average income by 6.7%. Income and waste generation
are directly proportional to each other. As the income level increases, waste
generation also increases. Increased literacy rate of Indore denotes increase
in income level. However, it is observed that while segrigating the waste
generation to biodegradable waste generation and plastic waste generation,
High Income Grade is less in biodegradable waste generation than Low
Income Grade. This explains the use and throw culture of High Income Grade
population of Indore. Aso note that the per capita waste generation differs
according to income, land use etc.

Strategies for Management and Handling of Municipal

Solid Waste (MSW) in Indore
The Indore Municipal Corporation is responsible for collection, transportation,
treatment and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste generated.

Role of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in Indore's

Environmental Governance
No recent NGT actions on Indore city.

Procedures for Registering as a Hazardous Waste

Recycler in Indore
Companies or businesses can register themselves as Hazardous Waste
Recyclers in Gorakhpur by personally visiting and applying at the Regional
office of the Pollution Control Board of Gorakhpur, that is the Madhya
Pradesh Pollution Control board. They can also apply online by visiting the
website of the Regional Office of the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control board.
From there you will need to collect and fill the application form and submit it
along with essential information and details in accordance with the need to
recycle Hazardous and other wastes. Part D of the form should be filled
carefully and should be attested by the applicant’s signature before
submitting. Also make sure all the documents are attached that are listed in
“Required Documents” section of the form. The form has to be submitted to
the District Environmental Engineer of Indore city for scrutiny and check.
After this concerned engineer will inspect and examine the site.
Conclusion
Indore, facing the challenges of rapid population growth, grapples with a
substantial trash burden, amounting to approximately 1200 tons daily. While
efforts are underway to segregate trash effectively, there's room for
improvement, particularly in managing medical waste to prevent harm to
both people and the environment. Concerns loom over the capacity of
landfills to accommodate this increasing waste load, urging the need for
proactive waste management strategies. With more people come more
waste, emphasizing the urgency of finding sustainable solutions. By ramping
up recycling efforts, minimizing consumption, and developing robust waste
management plans, Indore can navigate its burgeoning trash problem
towards a cleaner, healthier future for all residents. It's crucial for the
community to unite and collaborate with authorities to implement effective
measures, ensuring a greener and more sustainable environment for
generations to come.