Biology Revision

2014 P2

12

(a) i) carbohydrates CORRECT

in the leaves CORRECT

ii) WRONG manufacture food in made in the leave and is move through the phloem vessel to the
tubers.

When glucose is manufactured in the leaves it is combined (converted) to sucrose which is transport
from the leaves to the tuber via phloem tube by the process of translocation. In the tube sucrose
combined forming starch and stored in that form.

(b) i) magnesium WRONG WATER

ii) the nutrient is taken up by the roots through the process of diffusion as the xylem vessel
transports the nutrient to the leaves the root will have a low concentration .while in the soil the
has a higher concentration causing it to move through the roots and taken upward by the plant
through diffusion

2015 p2

14

(a) i) sporegium WRONG -SPORANGIUM

ii) CORRECTstructure k secrets extracellular enzymes which pre digests the nshima and
structure k absorbs the nutrient through diffusion as the is a low concentration in structure k and a high
concentration in the nshima

(b) M_blue L_green WRONG L colour changes to blue – black and at M no colour changes it
remained yellowish brown.

(c) WRONG the change in chemical composition with time due to lack of nutrients

At L it is because of the presence of starch and at M it is because of absence of starch because starch has
being converted to glucose by the enzymes secreted by the Mucor.

2016 gce p2

15

(a) i) enzyme CORRECT

ii) in order to denature the enzymes present CORRECT

iii) 2CORRECTexperiment 1 has not enzyme to hydrolyze the hydrogen peroxide producing oxygen
causing no increase in the volume of oxygen while experiment 3 has enzymes to hydrolyze hydrogen
peroxide to produce oxygen increase the volume of oxygen

(b) i) the volume of oxygen will not increase farther than 10 cm3 WRONG
 More oxygen gas will be produced within very short time, this is because enzyme concentration
has being increased

ii) the volume of oxygen will not increase WRONG\

As the temperature increases also the production of oxygen gas increases, this is because reactivity of
enzyme work well at optimum temperature.

(c) CORRECT enzyme have on optimum pH and effectiveness can be increased by co-factors or co-
enzymes

16

(a) i) phloem cell CORRECT

ii) companion cell CORRECT (LETTER B)

iii) 1- A 2-D 2CORRECT

(b) i) prov- Companion cell supply with enzymes to the cell provides energy from ATP CORRECT ii)
WRONG provides mechanical support to the phloem cell

(c) i) translocation CORRECT ii) WRONG manufactured foods and minerals 1 – Sucrose. 2 - Amino acids.

17

(a)

(i) pre molar is it used for crushing and grinding CORRECT

ii)……

(b) i) calcium CORRECT ADD ION and phosphorus WRONG Phosphate ion.

ii)tooth decay in occurs when the bacteria in the mouth are exposed to sugary substances that are
fermented to form organic acids that can break down the enamel of he tooth forming a cavity

iii) CORRECT brush of teeth with fluoride after every meal

CORRECT avoiding sugary foods

2016 p2

18

(a) F -endoplasmic reticulum WRONG ROUGH ENDOPLASMICRETICULUM

(b) CORRECT part H provides the cell energy from respiration part CORECT I is selective permeable allow
the cell to receive needed substances

(c) 2CORECT cell wall vacuole

20/30*100
67%

19

(a) J- acidic pH L-alkalin Ph 2WRONG (optimum pH)

(b) CORRECT *2 i) the reaction K has a specific pH and if the pH keeps on increase the enzymes will get
denatured and the reaction keeps on reducing from that point

The reaction m has a specific optimum pH which is L and is the pH keeps om increasing the enzymes get
denatured and the reaction reduces from that point

ii) CORRECT K- stomah CORRECT M – duodenum

(d) CORRECT substrate concentration and enzyme concentration

25/35*100

72%

2017 gce

20

(a)

i)CORRECT mirror ii)WRONG it connects the stage to the stage(It control the amount and brightness of
the light falling onto the specimen) iii) WRONG objective lens(Eyepiece) iv) CORRECT

this is where the specimen is placed (This is where microscope slides with the specimen are placed)

v) CORRECT fine adjustment knob

(b) i) CORRECT cell-wall ii) CORRECT nucleus iii) WRONG(2- Vacuole) cytoplasm

2017 p2

21

(a) i) CORRECT P-root hair cell ii) CORRECT Q- red blood cell iii) CORRECT R-palisade cell

(b) i) WRONG cell P-absorb water and minerals from the soil through diffusion(It absorbs water by
osmosis and mineral salts by active transport from the soil.)

ii) WRONG cell Q absorbs sunlight in order to carry out photosynthesis (t transport oxygen from the
lungs to the site of reaction and small amount of carbon dioxide from the site of reaction to the lungs.)

ii) CORRECT cell P has an elongation in order to increase surface area for diffusion

WRONG cell Q has a lot of chloroplast in order to absorb light to carry out photosynthesis ()

(c)Palisade hemisphere WRONG (In the leaves.)

22
 (a)

i) CORRECT an enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up a reaction without changing its
chemical composition

ii) 35 WRONG (37)

(b) i) 55.5 WRONG (55)

(c) In order to find out the tempeture of that person WRONG(body temperature is measured
because some diseases are characterized by body temperature change. Body temperature is
measured to enable the doctor to analyze the effectiveness of treatment.)

ii) CORRECT Drink of cold water

CORRECT Taking a cold bath

2019 GCE P2

(a) CORRECT Cell A has been placed in a hypertonic solution

CORRECT Cell B has been placed in a hypotonic solution
(b) CORRECT This is because cell A losses water through osmosis later crenated which mean it was
put in a solution with a high concentration than the cell
CORRECT This is because cell B gains water through osmosis causing it to be in a state called cell
c lysis
Which mean is was out in a solution with a higher water potential than the cell

25

(a) CORRECT C- sporangium CORRECT D-sporangiophore

(ii) It grows over and into the food, digesting and absorbing nutrients.
(b) CORRECT The ORGANISM secrets extra cellular enzymes from its hyphae which hydrolyses the
substrate and produces glucose Which is later absorbed by the stolon of the organism
(c) WRONG Zygospore are smaller in size than spores
(A spore is a singled cell while a zygospore is made up of two similar cells)
(d) CORRECT It help in decomposition of dead bodies
CORRECT Its prevents piling up of dead bodies

2019 p2

27

(a) CORRECT*3 i) A-red ,B-palisade cell ,C-sperm cell

ii)CORRECT A-found in the blood vessels CORRECT B-found in the leaves CORRECT C-found in
the testicals of a male
(b) WRONG B has no nucleus in order to make more space for hemoglobin
CORRECT C has a tail in order to move forward

28

(a) i) WRONG* 2 D- molars E- Incises ( D - incisors E – Premolars)

 ii) E- used for grinding or chewing
D- used for cutting and biting
(b) WRONG grass and green vegetation
dentition-incises 2/2 canine 0/1 pre molars 4/4 molar 3/3
(Holozoic Nutrition is a type of nutrition in which an organism takes food present in the bodies of
other organisms. It occurs in animals in a specialized tube called the alimentary canal and involves
five stages namely ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion.)
25/34*100
74%
2020 P2
1
(a) (i) A-vacuoleCORRECT B- nucleusCORRECT C- membraneCORRECT
(ii) CORRECTleave this is because the cell is longer vertically than horizontally and has a lot of
chloroplast
(b) CORRECTHas a lot of chloroplast and it is longer vertically than horizontally
(c) CORRECTThe plant cell would gain water by osmosis because it has been put in a hypotonic
solution causing it to became turgid

(a)

i) CORRECTD- nerve CORRECT E-dentin

(b) CORRECTduring tooth decay part F (enamel) is corroded by the organic acid produced by bacteria
which has fermented a sugary substance

ii) WRONG it carries out the physical breaking down of food

(d) CORRECTH-1 J-3CORRECT WRONG

2021 p2

(a) CORRECTGlucose
CORRECTRespiration
(b) CORRECTnutrition
1- growth 2-cell repair 3-movement
(c) catabolic reaction CORRECT
reproduction WRONG

(a) i) ICORRECT ii) CORRECT G & H

(b) stage2CORRECT
(c) i) Catabolic reaction WRONG
ii)LiverCORRECT WRONG
 iii) intercellular enzymes CORRECT
(d) CORRECTit is used in detergents to hydrolyze stains of biology origin
CORRECTit is used to activate yeast

(a) i) CORRECTG-upper epidermal layer CORRECTK-guard cell

WRONG guard cell occur in pairs of two while layer upper epidermal layer are grouped cells
(b) CORRECTi) leaves ii
(c) i) CORRECTregion H ii) CORRECT presence of palisade cells which have a high concentration of
chloroplast
(d) WRONG this is because the region I has the phloem which are responsible for transportation of
food nutrient from the leaves to the rest of the plant .xylem vessel responsible for transportation of
minerals and water from the roots to the leaves. The region also has the spongy layer responsible
for gaseous exchange (TO CREATE AIR SPACE FOR THE DIFFUSION OF GASES AND WATER
MOLECULES
)

2022 p2

(a)
(i) CORRECTX-upper epidermal tissue CORRECT Y-palisade tissueCORRECT Q -phloem
(ii) CORRECTTissue y
(iii) WRONG This is because tissue Y has a lot of chloroplasts that carries out photo
synthesis and has a by produce of glucose and oxygen while tissue X has no
chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis and has no by product of glucose causing to
lack a high concentration
(iv) Y CONTAINS MORE CHLOROPLAST WHILE X DOESN’T
Y RECEIVES MORE LIGHT ENERGY
YCARRIES OUT PHOTOSYTHESIS

(b)

(i) CORRECTR-guard
(ii) CORRECTvacuole

(a) (i) CORRECT root hair

(ii) CORRECTwater vapor
(iii) CORRECTstoma
(b) CORRECTL-osmosis M-translocation
(c) CORRECT WRONG In order to reduce its temperature/
IT HELP IN FORMATION OF WATER CYCLE
IT ENABLES A PLANT TO ABSORB OF MINERAL IONS
IT PROVIDES WATER FOR PHOTOSYTHESIS?
(d) CORRECT phloem
38 /45*100 85%