CHAPTER 2

Presentation made by-

Ms. Geeta Wadehra
(DAV Public School, Sahibabad)
ACIDS
Acids are those chemicals
which are sour in taste and turn
blue litmus to red.
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
• Activity –to show metals react with acids and produce
hydrogen gas
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
• 1)Reaction of acids with metal:
Acids give hydrogen gas along with respective
salt when they react with a metal.
• Metal + Acid ⇨ Salt + Hydrogen gas
• Example:
• Zn + 2HCl ⇨ ZnCl2 + H2
ACTIVITY TO SHOW THAT METAL CARBONATES
REACT WITH ACIDS TO PRODUCE CO2 GAS
2)REACTION OF ACIDS WITH METAL CARBONATE:

• Acids give carbon dioxide gas and respective

salts along with water when they react with
metal carbonates.
• Metal carbonate + Acid ⇨ Salt + Water +Carbon
dioxide
• Example:
3)REACTION OF ACID WITH HYDROGEN CARBONATES
(BICARBONATES):

Metal hydrogen carbonate+ acid ⇨ Salt + Water

+Carbon dioxide
• Example-
TEST FOR CO2 PRODUCED
4)REACTION OF ACIDS AND BASES
• When an acid and a base react with each
other,then a salt and water is formed.This is
called as neutralisation reaction.
• In general, a neutralisation reaction
can be written as –
5)REACTION OF METALLIC OXIDES WITH
ACIDS

• Metallic oxides like Na2O,K2O etc. are basic in

nature. So acids react with metallic oxides to
form salt and water.
• Example-
• CuO (s) + 2HCI(aq) ---→ CuCI2(aq) +H2O (l)
BASES
• Bases are bitter in taste,have soapy touch and
turns red litmus blue.
1) REACTION WITH METALS
CERTAIN REACTIVE METALS SUCH AS ZN,AL ETC.
REACT WITH ALKALI SOLUTION ON HEATING AND
HYDROGEN GAS IS PRODUCED
2) REACTION WITH ACIDS-

• Bases react with acids to form salt and water.

• Example-
• KOH + HCl -→ KCl +H2O
3) REACTION WITH NON-METALLIC OXIDES
• These oxides are generally acidic in
nature.They react with base to form salt
and water.
• Example-
• Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g)→CaCO3(s) +H2O (l)
CORROSIVE NATURE OF ACIDS AND BASES

• Mineral acids and strong bases are

corrosive in nature.
• They burn the skin and attack materials
like wood, cloth etc.