ENGLISH FOR ACCOUNTING PAPER

ELECTRONIK TOOLS IN ACCOUNTING

GROUP 2 :

1. MERI KRISNAYANTI MADDE (2323714101)

2. IMELIA BAHAS (2323714097)
3. HOSEA ORLANDO TUNG SELY (2323714095)
4. NADILA NULLE (2323714103)
5. YULIANA OHAQ (2323714114)

ACCOUNTING SECTOR PUBLIC

ACCOUNTING

KUPANG STATE OF POLYTECNIC

2024
 PREFACE

Praise be to God Almighty for His grace and blessings, so that the author
can complete the preparation of this paper entitled Electronic Tools In
Accounting. The author is grateful for the opportunity given to be able to
complete this task properly.

The purpose of writing this paper is to fulfill the assignment of the English
Accounting course at Kupang State Polytechnic. In addition, this paper is also
expected to be able to add insight and knowledge for the author and readers.

The author realizes that there are still many shortcomings in the preparation of
this paper, both in terms of content and presentation. Therefore, the author is open
to receiving constructive criticism and suggestions from readers for the
improvement of this paper in the future.

Finally, the author hopes that this paper can be beneficial for readers.

Author

18 April 2024

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE.................................................................................................................i

TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................................ii

CHAPTER I.............................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................1

A. Background of the Paper...............................................................................1

B. Statement of the Problem..............................................................................2

C. Aim of the Paper........................................................................................2

CHAPTER II............................................................................................................3

DISCUSSION..........................................................................................................3

A. Electronic Tools in Accounting....................................................................3

B. Accuracy and Efficiency of Electronic Tools in Assisting the Accounting

Process..................................................................................................................6

C. Risks and Challenges Associated with the Use of Electronic Tools in

Accounting...........................................................................................................8

CHAPTER III........................................................................................................10

CLOSING..............................................................................................................10

Summary of the Paper........................................................................................10

REFERENCES.......................................................................................................13

ii
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Paper

Since the 1990s, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has

developed very rapidly, so that our current era is called the information age.
Technological developments have become effective in every field and have
influenced society and professions. When we consider the concept of the digital
economy in general, it can be said that the digital economy includes the process of
collecting, processing, transforming and distributing information. In the
traditional economy, information is collected, processed and distributed.
However, the distinctive character of the digital economy is the presence of
sophisticated and complex computer systems and software programs that collect,
process, transform and distribute information much faster than the traditional
economy. In today's digital era, almost all aspects of human life have undergone
digital transformation, including the accounting field. The rapid development of
information and communication technology (ICT) has brought significant changes
in the way we work, including how to manage and analyze financial data.

Before the digital era, accounting was done manually using ledgers, calculators,
and typewriters. This process was time-consuming, error-prone, and difficult to
access and analyze. The digital age has changed all that by bringing in a variety of
sophisticated and easy-to-use electronic tools.

Electronic accounting tools such as accounting software, mobile accounting apps,

and cloud accounting platforms have enabled accountants to work more
efficiently and effectively. These tools offer a variety of features that can help
accountants automate manual tasks, improve data accuracy, and make it easier to
access and analyze financial data.

1
B. Statement of the Problem

Based on the background of the problem above, this paper will focus on
several questions:

1. What are the types of electronic tools commonly used in accounting?

2. How do these electronic tools help improve the accuracy and
efficiency of the accounting process?
3. What are the risks and challenges associated with the use of electronic
tools in accounting?
C. Aim of the Paper
This paper is expected to provide a more in-depth understanding of the
impacts, challenges, and opportunities of using electronic tools in accounting.
The results of this paper can assist accountants, business professionals, and
other stakeholders in utilizing electronic tools effectively and efficiently to
improve the quality of accounting and financial decision-making.

2
 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. Electronic Tools in Accounting

Currently, accounting has utilized many electronic tools to facilitate and speed up
the process of recording, processing data, and preparing financial reports. Here are
some electronic tools commonly used in accounting:

1. Computer

Computers are the main tool used in modern accounting. Almost all accounting
software is run on computers, whether desktop computers, laptops, or tablets.
Computers are used for:

a. Recording financial transactions: Accounting software allows users to

record financial transactions easily and quickly. Transactions can be
categorized by type, such as sales, purchases, expenses, and income.
b. Generate financial reports: Accounting software can automatically
generate various kinds of financial reports, such as balance sheet, profit
and loss, and cash flow. These reports can be used to analyze the
company's financial performance.

3
 c. Storing financial data: Computers can be used to store financial data in a
safe and organized manner. This data can be accessed easily anytime and
anywhere.
2. Calculator

A calculator is an important tool for calculating numbers in accounting.

Calculators are available in various types, such as pocket calculators, desktop
calculators, and online calculators.

3. Printer

Printers are used to print accounting documents, such as invoices, financial

statements, and correspondence. Printers are available in various types, such as
laser printers, inkjet printers, and dot matrix printers.

4. Scanner

4
Scanners are used to scan paper documents and convert them into digital files.
These digital files can then be stored on a computer or used in accounting
software.

5. Photocopier

Copiers are used to copy paper documents. Copiers can be used to make copies of
accounting documents, such as invoices, financial statements, and
correspondence.

6. Smartphone

Smartphones can be used to access mobile accounting software. Mobile

accounting software allows users to record financial transactions, create financial
reports, and access their financial data from anywhere.

7. Accounting Software

Accounting software is a computer program designed to assist accountants in

performing their tasks. Accounting software can be used for:

a. Recording financial transactions: Accounting software allows users to

record financial transactions easily and quickly. Transactions can be
categorized by type, such as sales, purchases, expenses, and income.
b. Generate financial reports: Accounting software can automatically
generate various kinds of financial reports, such as balance sheet, profit

5
 and loss, and cash flow. These reports can be used to analyze the
company's financial performance.
c. Storing financial data: Accounting software can be used to store financial
data in a safe and organized manner. This data can be accessed easily
anytime and anywhere.

B. Accuracy and Efficiency of Electronic Tools in Assisting the

Accounting Process

Electronic tools such as computers, calculators, printers, scanners, smartphones,

accounting software, and photocopiers have revolutionized the accounting
process, significantly improving accuracy and efficiency. Here are some examples
of how:

1. Computers and Accounting Software:

a. Automation of repetitive tasks: Accounting software can automate
repetitive tasks such as transaction recording, invoicing, and bank
reconciliation. This saves time and minimizes the risk of human error.
b. Improves data integration: Accounting software can integrate data
from various sources, such as sales systems, purchasing systems, and
payroll systems. This allows accountants to get a more complete
picture of the company's finances and make more informed decisions.
c. Easier reporting: Accounting software can generate various kinds of
financial reports easily and quickly. These reports can be used to
analyze the company's financial performance, identify trends, and
make predictions.
2. Calculators:
a. Faster and more accurate calculations: Calculators allow accountants
to perform calculations quickly and accurately, minimizing the risk of
manual errors.

6
 b. Multiple functions: Modern calculators have various functions that can
help accountants in their daily tasks, such as calculating percentages,
amortization, and time value of money.
3. Printer:
a. Neat and professional documentation: Printers allow accountants to
print accounting documents neatly and professionally. This is
important for maintaining the company's image and increasing client
confidence.
b. Safer data storage: Printed documents can be kept as archives and used
as evidence in case of disputes.
4. Scanner:
a. Document digitization: Scanners allow accountants to convert paper
documents into digital files. This saves storage space and facilitates
access to data.
b. Improving data security: Digital files can be stored securely on a
computer or the cloud, reducing the risk of data loss or corruption.
5. Smartphones and Mobile Accounting Software:
a. Access data anytime and anywhere: Accountants can access company
financial data from anywhere and anytime using smartphones and
mobile accounting software. This allows them to monitor company
finances in real-time and make quick decisions.
b. Enhance collaboration: Mobile accounting software allows accountants
to collaborate with colleagues and clients in real-time. This can
increase efficiency and productivity.
6. Photocopiers:
a. Duplicate documents quickly and easily: A photocopier allows
accountants to duplicate documents quickly and easily. This can save
time and avoid mistakes in manually copying documents.
b. Backing up documents: Copies of documents can be kept as backups
in case of loss or damage to the original documents.

7
8
 C. Risks and Challenges Associated with the Use of Electronic Tools in
Accounting

Although electronic tools such as computers, calculators, printers, scanners,

smartphones, accounting software, and photocopiers have brought many benefits
to the accounting process, their use is also not free from risks and challenges.
Here are some important points to consider:

1. Data Security:
a. Data loss: Financial data is a valuable asset for companies. Hardware
malfunction, unstable software, or cyber-attacks can lead to loss of
financial data.
b. Data theft: Financial data can be stolen by irresponsible parties through
various means, such as hacking or malware.
c. Data misuse: Financial data can be misused by irresponsible parties for
illegal purposes, such as fraud or money laundering.
2. Human Error:
a. Data input errors: Data input errors can lead to errors in financial
statements and decision-making.
b. Data interpretation errors: Accountants need to have a good
understanding of financial data and qualified interpretation skills to
avoid errors in decision making.
c. Non-compliance with regulations: Accountants need to understand and
comply with applicable regulations related to the use of electronic
tools and financial data storage.
3. Dependence on Technology:
a. System disruptions: System disruptions can cause accounting
processes to stop and result in financial losses.
b. Maintenance costs: Hardware and software maintenance and updates
can incur significant costs.
c. Technical skills: Accountants need to have adequate technical skills to
use electronic tools effectively.

9
 4. Privacy:
a. Privacy breaches: The use of electronic tools may increase the risk of
privacy breaches of personal data of employees, clients and other
related parties.
b. Privacy abuse: Personal data may be misused for unethical purposes,
such as spam or fraud.
c. Non-compliance with regulations: Accountants need to understand and
comply with applicable regulations related to data privacy.
5. Ethics:
a. Plagiarism: The use of electronic tools can facilitate plagiarism in
accounting work.
b. Conflict of interest: Accountants need to be careful in using electronic
tools to avoid conflict of interest.
c. Fraud: Electronic tools can be used to falsify financial data or commit
other fraud.

Implementation Challenges:

a. Cost: Purchasing and maintaining hardware and software can be a

significant cost burden for companies.
b. Training: Accountants need to be trained to use electronic tools effectively
and safely.
c. Cultural change: Implementation of electronic tools may require a cultural
change in the organization, which may take time and effort.

10
 CHAPTER III

CLOSING

(English)

Summary of the Paper

Electronic tools have revolutionized the accounting process, improving accuracy,
efficiency, and security. Computers, accounting software, calculators, printers,
scanners, smartphones, and photocopiers have become essential tools for
accountants to complete daily accounting tasks.

The use of electronic tools brings many benefits, such as:

a. Automation of repetitive tasks: Saves time and minimizes the risk

of human error.
b. Improved data integration: Provides a more complete picture of the
company's finances.
c. Easier reporting: Facilitates financial performance analysis and
decision making.
d. Access data anytime and anywhere: Increase flexibility and
collaboration.
e. Safer data storage: Reduces the risk of data loss or corruption.

However, the use of electronic tools also comes with risks and challenges, such
as:

a. Data security: Risk of loss, theft and misuse of financial data.

b. Human error: Data input errors, data interpretation, and non-compliance
with regulations.
c. Dependence on technology: System disruptions, maintenance costs, and
the need for technical skills.
d. Privacy: Risk of privacy breach and misuse of personal data.

11
 e. Ethics: Potential plagiarism, conflict of interest and fraud.

Accountants in the digital age need to understand these risks and challenges and
take steps to mitigate them. Clear policies and procedures for the use of electronic
tools, as well as adequate training for accountants, are essential.

With proper management, e-tools can be a valuable tool to improve the accuracy,
efficiency and security of accounting processes in the digital age. Accountants
who are able to adapt to technology and use e-tools effectively will be better
prepared for the challenges and opportunities ahead.

(Bahasa Indonesia)

KESIMPULAN

Alat elektronik telah merevolusi proses akuntansi, meningkatkan akurasi,

efisiensi, dan keamanan. Komputer, software akuntansi, kalkulator, printer,
scanner, smartphone, dan mesin fotokopi telah menjadi alat penting bagi akuntan
untuk menyelesaikan tugas-tugas akuntansi sehari-hari.

Penggunaan alat elektronik membawa banyak manfaat, seperti:

a. Otomatisasi tugas berulang: Menghemat waktu dan meminimalkan

risiko kesalahan manusia.
b. Meningkatkan integrasi data: Memberikan gambaran yang lebih
lengkap tentang keuangan perusahaan.
c. Pelaporan yang lebih mudah: Memudahkan analisis kinerja keuangan
dan pengambilan keputusan.
d. Akses data kapan saja dan di mana saja: Meningkatkan fleksibilitas dan
kolaborasi.
e. Penyimpanan data yang lebih aman: Mengurangi risiko kehilangan atau
kerusakan data.

12
Namun, penggunaan alat elektronik juga memiliki risiko dan tantangan, seperti:

a. Keamanan data: Risiko kehilangan, pencurian, dan penyalahgunaan data

keuangan.
b. Kesalahan manusia: Kesalahan input data, interpretasi data, dan
ketidakpatuhan terhadap peraturan.
c. Ketergantungan pada teknologi: Gangguan sistem, biaya pemeliharaan,
dan kebutuhan keterampilan teknis.
d. Privasi: Risiko pelanggaran privasi dan penyalahgunaan data pribadi.
e. Etika: Potensi plagiarisme, konflik kepentingan, dan penipuan.

Akuntan di era digital perlu memahami risiko dan tantangan ini dan mengambil
langkah-langkah untuk menguranginya. Kebijakan dan prosedur yang jelas untuk
penggunaan alat elektronik, serta pelatihan yang memadai bagi para akuntan,
sangatlah penting.

Dengan manajemen yang tepat, alat elektronik dapat menjadi alat yang berharga
untuk meningkatkan akurasi, efisiensi, dan keamanan proses akuntansi di era
digital. Akuntan yang mampu beradaptasi dengan teknologi dan menggunakan
alat elektronik secara efektif akan lebih siap untuk menghadapi tantangan dan
peluang di masa depan.

13
 REFERENCES
Akhter, A. (2018). Sustainability of Accounting Profession at the Age of Fourth
Industrial Revolution . International Journal of Accounting and Financial
Reporting Vol. 8, No. 4 , 139-158.

Ammar Rafi Maulana, I. A. (2024). PENGARUH SISTEM INFORMASI

AKUNTANSI DI ERA DIGITAL . Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan
Akuntansi , 35–41 .

Atang Hermawan, W. A. (2022). THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACCOUNTING EDUCATION
IN THE DIGITAL AGE. Research and Development Journal Of
Education Vol. 8, No. 2, 926 – 933.

Killi, B. Z. (2021). Chapter 13 The Effects of Digital Transformation Process on

Accounting Profession and Accounting Education. Ethics and
Sustainability in Accounting and Finance, Volume II, 219-231.

Mohamad Rafki Nazar, I. A.-f. (2023). Pengaruh Era Digital terhadap Dunia
Akuntansi. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai VOL 7, NO 1, 375-380 .

14