Short Circuit Protection Using Relay For Batteries
07/12/2021 Abhishek Singh Comments(4)
In this tutorial, we will see how to make a short circuit protection using Relay. Many times accidentally terminals of batteries and
other power supplies get short-circuited. Due to this, they get hot and start degrading. In the case of lithium-ion or lithium-
polymer batteries, they may catch fire due to short-circuit or even get blast. So we need a protection circuit to protect our
batteries from damage due to the short circuit. Many power supplies don’t come with built-in short circuit protection so there
also we need protection against short circuits,
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‘We can make a very simple battery short circuit protection using relay. This is a very chcap and effective short circuit protection
circuit. It will cost you a maximum of 50 rupecs.
What are the components you need?
SV or 12V Relay Module depending on battery voltage.
One Groen and one Red LED.
Two Ik resistors.
One push button normally opens the contact.
Short Circuit Protection With Relay:Short Circuit Protection Using Relay
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Circuit Connections:
‘The negative terminal of the battery/power supply is connected to the common terminal of the relay. The positive terminal
connects to one end of the relay coil, it is common for input and output. Push-button is connected between the negative terminal
and second terminal of the coil, also this terminal is shorted with the normally open terminal of the relay. Red LED is between
the normally close terminal and negative terminal, Whereas Green LED connects between the normally open and positive
terminal of the battery.
Working of Short Circuit Protection Using Relay:
‘The working of this circuit is based on the principle that “Current always try to flow from the path of least resistance”. The
circuit is normally open and Red LED Glows when we connect a power source to the input terminal of this circuit. Red LED
indicates a short circuit and Green LED indicates that output power is ON. When we press the push button coil of the relay
becomes active and it switches from normally close to normally open contact. You can sec that even after leaving the push button
the relay stays in a latched condition. The current required to keep that relay turned on is coming from a normally open terminal
This is how the circuit comes in on state. We can connect any load to the output terminal the circuit will work,
Short Circuit Protection Using Relay
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‘When overloading ot short circuit occurs or when we short the output terminals of batteries a huge current flows through the
circuit. The voltage across coil terminals becomes nearly zero, entire current tries to flow from the least resistive path. Relay
immediately Switches from normally open terminal to normally closed terminal protecting our power supply or battery. This is
how Short Circuit Protection Using Relay works, If you have any queries comment down below.