NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss.

Nguyen Bich Tram

0777506713

BÀI 5: QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

(Simple Past)

I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA VỀ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

Thì quá khứ đơn (Simple past) là một thì trong tiếng Anh hiện đại. Nó dùng để diễn
tả hành động sự vật xác định trong quá khứ hoặc vừa mới kết thúc.

II. CẤU TRÚC CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

1. Động từ TO BE
Loại thể Công thức Ví dụ
S + was/ were - I was at my friend’s
Lưu ý house yesterday
1.Câu  S = I/ He/ She/ It (số ít) + was morning.
khẳng  S = We/ You/ They (số nhiều) + were - They were in
định Bangkok on their
summer holiday last
year.
S + was/were + not - He wasn’t very
Lưu ý: happy last night
2.Câu  was not = wasn’t because of having
phủ định  were not = weren’t lost money.
- We weren’t at home
yesterday.
Were/ Was + S ? - Was she tired of
- Trả lời: hearing her
- Yes, I/ he/ she/ it + was customer’s complaint
- No, I/ he/ she/ it + wasn’t yesterday? - Yes, she
3.Câu
- Yes, we/ you/ they + were was./ No, she wasn’t.
nghi vấn
- No, we/ you/ they + weren’t - Were they at work
yesterday? - Yes,
they were./ No, they
weren’t.

2. Động từ thường
Loại thể Công thức Ví dụ
S + V- ed/2
1.Câu
Lưu ý - We studied English
khẳng
 S = I/ He/ She/ It (số ít) + was last night.
định
 S = We/ You/ They (số nhiều) + were
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
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- She met his old

friend near his house
yesterday.
S + did not/didn’t + V - She didn’t come to
Lưu ý: school last week.
2.Câu
 was not = wasn’t - We didn’t see her at
phủ định
 were not = weren’t the cinema last
night.
Did + S + V ? - Did you visit Ho Chi
- Trả lời: Minh Museum with
- Yes, I/ he/ she/ it + was your class last
3.Câu - No, I/ he/ she/ it + wasn’t weekend? - Yes, I
nghi vấn - Yes, we/ you/ they + were did./ No, I didn’t.
- No, we/ you/ they + weren’t - Did he miss the train
yesterday? - Yes, he
did./ No, he didn’t.

III. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

1. Diễn đạt một hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt hoàn toàn trong quá khứ
- Eg: They went to the concert last night.

2. Diễn đạt các hành động xảy ra liên tiếp trong quá khứ
- Eg: She came home, switched on the computer and checked her e-mails.

3. Diễn đạt một thói quen trong quá khứ

- Eg: I used to play volleyball with my friends when I was young.

4. Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại II

- Eg: If I had a million USD, I would buy that car.

IV. DẤU HIỆU NHẬN BIẾT THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

- Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong quá khứ:
 Yesterday (hôm qua)
 Last night/ last week/ last month/ last year: tối qua/ tuần trước/ tháng trước/ năm
ngoái
 3 years ago: Ba năm trước
 When: khi (trong câu kể)
 in 2010: vào năm 2010
V. LUYỆN TẬP
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
0777506713

Exercise 1: Hoàn thành những câu sau với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1. Alex (order)_________
ordered office chairs online last Monday.

2. The next morning he (realize) realized

________ he (need) _________
needed two more chairs.
3. He (try)__________
tried to call the company to add more, but no one (answer)
_________.
answered

4. Alex (worry) _________

worried that the company’s website (be) __________
was fake.
5. He (email) __________
emailed the company and (explain) __________
explained his situation.
6. The customer service representative (respond) ____________
responded a few hours later
and (fix) _________
fixed the order quickly.
7. Alex (relax) ___________
relaxed when he (receive) ____________
received a confirmation
email from the company.
Exercise 2: Viết lại câu phủ định thành câu khẳng định ở thì quá khứ đơn
1. My mother didn’t come home at 5 o’clock yesterday. My mother came home at 5 o'clock yesterday.
2. I didn’t study chemistry in high school. I studied chemistry in high school.
3. Sarah didn’t send me a video of a dog chasing mice in the rain, which was not
very funny. Sarah sent me a video of a dog chasing mice in the rain, which was not very funny.
4. James and Peter didn’t fight yesterday at school. James and Peter fought yesterday at school.
5. I didn’t go window shopping yesterday, so I didn’t buy any summer dresses. I went window.....
6. She didn’t do her homework last night. She did her homework last night.
7. The competition didn’t finish today. The competition finished today.
8. He didn’t sleep enough last night. He slept enough last night.
9. We didn’t hang out together last Sunday. We hanged out together last Sunday.
10. He didn’t look for you at school this morning. He looked for you at school this morning.
Exercise 3: Sắp xếp những câu dưới đây theo đúng trật tự từ
1. we/ café/ were/ holiday/, /we/ went/ When/ to/ the/ almost/ every/ on/ day.
When we were on holiday, we went to the cafe almost every day.
2. Did/ collect/ were/ stamps/ when/ you/ you/ younger?
Did you collect stamps when you were younger?
3. it/ famous/ lived/ in/ our/ A/ house/ before/ we/ actor/ bought.
A famous actor lived in our house before we bought it.
4. my/ I/ threw/ a/ party/ for/ brother/ last/ surprise/ Sunday.
I threw a surpise party for my brother last Sunday.
5. My/ every/ and/ I/ swimming/ almost/ day/ last/ sister/ summer/ went.
My sister and I went swimming almost every day last summer.
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
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6. she/ a/ live/ girl/, /my/ mom/ When/ used/ to/ in/ was/ a/ village.
When my mom was a girl, she used to live in a village.
7. the/ Elvis/ Blue/ famous/ for/ song/ Suede/ Shoes/ became.
Elvis Suede became famous for the " Blue Shoes " song.
Exercise 4: Dịch những câu dưới đây sang tiếng Anh
1. Tôi đã tốt nghiệp đại học vào 2 năm trước.
He was graduated from university 2 years ago.
2. Anh ấy đã từng làm bán thời gian tại một cửa hàng tiện lợi gần nhà.
He worked part - time for a grocery shop near his home.
3. Ann đã mua một cái điện thoại mới vào hôm qua.
Ann bought a new phone yesterday.
4. Cửa sổ đã mở và một con chim đã bay vào phòng.
The window opened and a bird flew into the room.
5. Tôi biết Sarah rất bận, vì vậy tôi đã không làm phiền cô ấy.
I knew Sarah is very busy, so I didn't bother her.
6. Chúng tôi không đủ khả năng để giữ chiếc xe ô tô, vì vậy chúng tôi đã bán nó.
We did not have enough to keep a car, so we sold it.
7. Đã rất khó khăn để mang những cái túi đó bởi vì chúng rất nặng.
It was very dificult to carry those bags because they were very heavy.
8. Trời nóng nên tôi đã cởi áo khoác của mình ra.
It was hot so I took off my jacket.
9. Bạn đã học lái xe bằng cách nào?
How did you learn to drive ?
10. Tôi đã tham gia một lớp học nhảy khi tôi 10 tuổi.
I attended a dance class when I was 10 years old.
 NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
0777506713

BÀI 6: QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

(Past Continuous)

I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA VỀ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past continuous tense) là một thì trong tiếng Anh hiện đại.
dùng khi muốn nhấn mạnh diễn biến hay quá trình của sự vật hay sự việc hoăc thời
gian sự vật hay sự việc đó diễn ra.
II. CẤU TRÚC CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
Loại thể Công thức Ví dụ
S + was/were + V-ing
Trong đó: - He was cooking
dinner at 4 p.m
 S (subject): chủ ngữ
1.Câu yesterday
 V-ing: động từ thêm “–ing”
khẳng định - They were playing
Lưu ý
soccer when I came
 S = I/ He/ She/ It + was
yesterday.
 S = We/ You/ They + were
S + wasn’t/ weren’t + V-ing - He wasn’t working
Lưu ý when his boss came
2.Câu phủ  was not = wasn’t yesterday.
định  were not = weren’t - We weren’t
watching TV at 9
p.m yesterday.
Was/ Were + S + V-ing ? - Was your mother
Trả lời: going to the market
- Yes, I/ he/ she/ it + was at 7 a.m yesterday?-
- No, I/ he/ she/ it + wasn’t Yes, she was./ No,
- Yes, we/ you/ they + were she wasn’t.
3.Câu nghi
- No, we/ you/ they + weren’t - Were they staying
vấn
with you when I
called you
yesterday?-Yes,
they were./ No, they
weren’t

III. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

1. Diễn đạt hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ tiếp diễn
- Eg: When my sister got there, he was waiting for her.
2. Diễn đạt hai hành động xảy ra đồng thời trong quá khứ
- Eg: While I was taking a bath, she was using the computer
- Eg: While I was driving home, Peter was trying desperately to contact me.
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
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3. Diễn đạt hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành động khác xen vào
- Eg: I was listening to the news when she phoned.
- Eg: They were still waiting for the plane when I spoke to them.
4. Hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong quá khứ và làm phiền đến người khác
- Eg: When he worked here, he was always making noise
- Eg: My mom was always complaning about my room when she got there

IV. DẤU HIỆU ĐỂ NHẬN BIẾT THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong quá khứ kèm theo thời điểm xác
định.
At + giờ + thời gian trong quá khứ (at 10 o’clock last night,…)
At this time + thời gian trong quá khứ. (at this time two weeks ago, …)
In + năm (in 1995, in 2000)
In the past (trong quá khứ)
Trong câu có “when” khi diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra và một hành động
khác xen vào.
- Ngoài việc dựa vào cách dùng của thì Quá khứ tiếp diễn, ngữ cảnh của câu thì các
bạn cũng hãy cân nhắc sử dụng thì Quá khứ tiếp diễn khi có xuất hiện các từ như:
While (trong khi); When (Khi); at that time (vào thời điểm đó);…

V. LUYỆN TẬP

Exercise 1: Hoàn thành những câu sau với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
được chia theo thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.
1. Anne (watch) ___________
was watching TV when the phone rang.

2. The phone was engaged when I called. Who (you/ talk) were
________________
talking to?
3. When my dad met my mom, he (work) _______________
was working as a bus driver.
4. My cousin and I (play) ______________
were playing on the computer when there was a power
cut.
5. At this time yesterday, I (prepare) _____________
was preparing for my final exam.

6. While I (study) was

____________
studing in one room of our apartment, my
roommates (have) were
__________
having a party in the other room.
7. He (always/ come) was
________________
always coming to class late when he was in high school.

8. The television was on, but nobody (watch) ____________.

was watching
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
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9. Jessica fell asleep while she (read) _____________

was reading a book.
10. Where (you/ go) ________________
were you going when I saw you on the bus last night?
Exercise 2: Khoanh tròn từ hoặc cụm từ đúng.
1. We studied/ were studying English at 7:00pm last Thursday.
2. I called/ was calling my mom as soon as I got home.
3. Mr. Bean owned/ was owning two houses and a villa in South Africa.
4. When we shared a room, my roommate was always taking/ always took my things.
It was so annoying!
5. When the phone rang last night, I worked/ was working in the garden so I didn’t
hear
the phone.
6. No, that’s not right! I did pass/ was passing the test. I got a B.
7. I got/ was getting up at 7 o’clock every morning last week.
8. Greg lived/ was living in London at the time.
Exercise 3: Sắp xếp những câu dưới đây theo đúng trật tự các từ.
1. At/ was/ o’clock/, /new/ I/ book / reading/ five/ my.
___________________________________
At five o'clock, I was reading my new books.

2. we/ were/ brother/ young/, /my/ my/ was/ When/ always/ borrowing/ toys.
____________________________________
When we were young, my brother was borrowing my toys.

3. yesterday/ Daniel/ playing/ video/ was/ games/ all/ morning.

_____________________________________
Daniel was playing video games all morning yesterday.

4. Were/ you/ online/ last/ chatting/ to/ at/ midnight/ night/ Jerry?
______________________________________
Were you chatting online to Jerry at midnight last night ?

5. At/ time/, /the/ I/ / China was/ for/ a/ large/ software/ working/ company/ in.
______________________________________
At the time, I was working a large solfware for company in China.

6. you/ yesterday/ writing/ essays/ all/ morning/ Were/?

______________________________________
Were you writing essays all morning yesterday ?

7. We/ working/ on/ my/ were/ computer/ for/ hours/ four/ yesterday.
______________________________________
We were working on my computer four hours for yesterday.

8. I/ was/ began/ down/ the/ walking/ when/ it/ to/ street/ rain.
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
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_______________________________________
I was walking down the street when it began to rain.

Exercise 4: Dịch những câu dưới đây sang tiếng Anh.

1. Jenny đang đợi tôi khi tôi đến.
_______________________________________
Jenny was waiting for me when I arrived.

2. Vào lúc 8 giờ tối qua, tôi đang xem phim với gia đình của tôi.
_______________________________________
At eight o'clock last night, I was watching TV with my family.

3. Rick đã làm việc suốt buổi tối hôm qua.

_______________________________________
Rick was working all last night yesterday.

4. Khi chúng tôi đang ngủ, tên trộm đã đột nhập vào nhà.
_______________________________________
When they were sleeping, the thief broke into the house.

5. Em trai của tôi chơi game trong khi tôi đang chuẩn bị bữa tối.
_______________________________________
My brother was playing game while I was preparing dinner.

6. Vào thời điểm đó, chị của tôi đang làm việc cho một siêu thị ở quận Tân Bình.
________________________________________
At the time, my sister was working for a supermarket in Tan Binh district

7. Bạn đang làm gì khi tôi gọi điện thoại tới?

_________________________________________
What were you doing when I called ?

8. Khi còn nhỏ, em tôi thường ăn bất kỳ thứ gì mà nó thấy

NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
0777506713

BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP 3

Bài 1: Chia dạng đúng của động từ.

1. I (spend) __________
spent my all holiday in Japan with my grandparents last
month.
2. They (tobe) __________
were very lucky with the weather yesterday.
3. Most of the time I (sit) __________
sat in the library.
4. We (not/eat) __________
didn't eat nothing all day.
5. Her family (visit) ___________
visited a farm in London three weeks ago.
6. She (meet) was
___________
meeting a lot of kind people while she (work) __________
was working in
New York.
7. His sister (play) __________
played a lot of badminton when she was younger.
8. When she (open) _________
opened the door, it (rain) ____________.
was raining

9. Potter (sleep) __________

was sleeping when his parents (come) __________.
was coming

10. I (fail) _________

was failing in some subjects, but my best friend passed in all.

Bài 2: Chia đúng các động từ sau ở thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn.
On my last holiday, I went to Hawaii. When I (go) (1) …………towent the beach for the
first time, something wonderful happened. I (swim) (2) …………in the sea while my
was swimming
mother was sleeping in the sun. My brother was building a sand castle and my father
(drink) (3) was
………….
drinkingsome water. Suddenly, I (see) (4) …………asaw boy on the beach.
His eyes were blue like the water in the sea and his hair (be) (5) …………beautiful
was
black. He was very tall and thin and his face was brown. My heart (beat)
(6)was beating
…………fast. I (ask) (7) …………him
asked for his name with a shy voice. He (tell)
(8) …………me that his name was John. He (stay) (9) …………with
told stayed me the whole
afternoon. In the evening, we met again. We ate pizza in a restaurant. The following
days we (have) (10) …………a
had lot of fun together. At the end of my holiday when I
left Hawaii I said goodbye to John. We had tears in our eyes. He wrote me a letter
very soon and I answered him.
Bài 3: Chọn đúng thì của các câu sau (quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn).
1. Alice saw/ was seeing the accident when she was catching the bus.
2. What were you doing/ did you do when I called?
3. I didn’t visit/ weren’t visiting my friends last summer holiday.
4. It rained/ was raining heavily last July.
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
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5. While people were talking to each other, he read/ was reading his book.
6. My sister was eating/ ate hamburgers every weekend last month.
7. While we were running/ ran in the park, Mary fell over.
8. Did you find/ Were you finding your keys yesterday?
9. Who was she dancing/ did she dance with at the party last night?
10. They were watching/ watched football on TV at 7 p.m. yesterday.
Bài 4: Chia động từ thích hợp.
1. We …………………..(eat)
ate dinner at 8pm last night (we started eating at 7:30).
went bought
2. Yesterday I ………………. (go) to the Post Office, ………………. (buy) some
fruit at the supermarket and ……………….
read (read) a book in the park in the
afternoon.
were watching
3. We ………………. (watch) TV when we ……………….
heard (hear) a loud noise.
arrived
4. Julie ……………….
was (be) in the garden when Laurence ……………….
(arrive).
cleaned
5. A: What ……………….
did you do (do) at 3pm yesterday? B: I ………………. (clean)
my house.
6. Last year I ……………….
visited (visit) Paris and Rome.
7. They ……………….
were having (have) dinner when the police ……………….
came (come) to
the door.
finded
8. He ……………….
was working (work) in the garden when he ………………. (find) the
money.
studied
9. Laura ………………. (study) at 11pm last night.
10. He ……………….
was sleeping (sleep) when the doorbell ……………….
rang (ring).
 NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
0777506713

BÀI 7: QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

(Past Perfect)

I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA VỀ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành (Past perfect tense) là một thì trong tiếng Anh hiện đại.
Được dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác và cả hai hành
động này đều đã xảy ra trong quá khứ. Hành động nào xảy ra trước thì dùng thì quá
khứ hoàn thành. Hành động xảy ra sau thì dùng thì quá khứ đơn.
II. CẤU TRÚC CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

Loại thể Công thức Ví dụ

- He had gone out
when I came into the
1.Câu S + had + V3/ed house.
khẳng định - They had finished
their work right
before the deadline
last week .
- She hadn’t come
home when I got into
2.Câu phủ the house.
S + hadn’t/hadnot + V3/ed
định - They hadn’t finished
their lunch when I
saw them.
Had + S + V3/ed ? - Had the film
- Trả lời: ended when you
3.Câu nghi  Yes, S + had. arrived at the
vấn  No, S + hadn’t. cinema? -Yes, it
had./ No, it
hadn’t.

III. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

1. Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và đã hoànthành trước một hành động khác
trong quá khứ: Thường sử dụng các từ nối như before, after, just, when,
as soon as, by the time, until, …
- Eg: When I came, he had gone to bed.
- Eg: The train had left when we arrived at the station.
2. Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ, trước
một mốc thời gian khác
- Eg: I had gone to school before 7 a.m yesterday.
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- Eg: She had come back her hometown before June last year.
3. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra như là điều kiện tiên quyết cho hành động
khác trong quá khứ
- Eg: I had work hard and was ready to pass the exam.
- Eg: I had had a girlfriend and would marriage to her.
4. Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3, để diễn tả điều không có thực trong quá
khứ.
- Eg: If she had told me the truth yesterday, I would have helped her.
5. Dùng trong câu mong ước để diễn tả ước muốn trong quá khứ.
- Eg: I wish I had gone with you yesterday.

IV. DẤU HIỆU ĐỂ NHẬN BIẾT THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH
Trong câu có các từ:
+ When: Khi
- Eg:
 When they arrived at the airport, her flight had taken off.
+ Before: Trước khi
=> Trước “before” sử dụng thì quá khứ hoàn thành và sau “before” sử dụng thì quá
khứ đơn.
- Eg:
 He had done her homework before his mother asked his to do so.
+ After: sau khi
=> Trước “after” sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn và sau “after” sử dụng thì quá khứ hoàn
thành.)
- Eg:
 They went home after they had eaten a big roasted chicken.
+ By the time: Vào thời điểm
- Eg:
 He had cleaned the house by the time her mother came back.

V. LUYỆN TẬP

Bài tập 1: Hoàn thành những câu sau với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
được chia theo thì quá khứ hoàn thành:
1. When I came to Mary’s house, she (go) __________
had gone out.

2. Before I moved to New York, I (learn) _______ English. had learned

3. The teacher (pick)_________ up the teaching materials before he came to
theclass. had picked
4. The room was so messy. Someone (be) ________ here before.
had been
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TỔNG HỢP Miss. Nguyen Bich Tram
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had arranged
5. I invited John to my graduation ceremony but he (arrange) _______ to
dosomething else.
had known
6. By the time they got married, they (know) _________ each other for
years.
had packed
7. Before I went to school, I (pack)________ my lunch.
8. If the company (advertise) ______ their products on TV, sales would
haveincreased. had advertised

Bài tập 2: Sắp xếp những câu dưới đây theo đúng trật tự từ:
1. lived/he/ had/ moved/ before/ he/ to/ Where/ this/ city?
Where had he lived before he moved to this city ?
2. had/ After/ we/ arrived/ had/ breakfast/, /the/ guests.
After we had had breakfast, the guest arrived.
3. Before/ came/ to/ my/ called/ house/, Alice /she/ had/ me.
Before Alice came to my house, she had called me.
4. had/ this/ finished/ homework/ my/ I/ by/ morning.
I had finished my homework by this morning.
5. the/ write/ the/ students/ By/started/ to/ time/, /the/ teacher/ collected/ had/ phones/
By the time the students started to write, the teacher had collected all the phones.
all/ the.

6. when/ Shaun/ painted/ the/ window/ I/ had/ came.

Shaun had painted the window when I came.
7. 6 o’clock/ By/ yesterday/, /the/ had/ my/ technician/ fixed/ computer.
By 6 o'clock yesterday, the technician had fixed my computer.
8. After/ his/ Rick/ finished/ lunch/ had/, /came/ to/ back/ work/ he.
After Rick had finished his lunch, he came back to work.
Bài tập 3: Dịch những câu dưới đây sang tiếng Anh:
1. Tôi đã tốt nghiệp đại học trước khi tôi nộp đơn xin việc
=> I had graduated before I appliced for the job.
2. Trước khi buổi biểu diễn bắt đầu, tất cả mọi người đều đã tắt hết điện thoại.
=> By the time the show started, everyone had turned off the phones.
3. Khi Alex gọi thì tôi đã về nhà rồi.
=> When Alex called, I had got home.
4. Họ đã làm xong tất cả mọi việc trước 5 giờ chiều hôm nay đúng không?
=> Had they finished all their work before 5 o'clock today ?
5. Sarah đã ăn tối trước khi đến lớp.
=> Sarah had had dinner before she came to class.
6. Trước khi Andrea chuyển đến Canada, cô ấy đã làm nghề giáo viên.
=> By the time Andrea moved to Canada, she had worked as a teacher.
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7. Trước khi máy bay cất cánh, hành khách đã tìm được chỗ ngồi.
=> Before the plane took off, the guests had found theirs seats.
8. Nếu anh ấy học chăm chỉ, anh ấy có thể đã vượt qua kì thi.
=> If he had studied hard, he could have passed the exam.

BÀI 8: QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

(Past Perfect Continuous)

I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA VỀ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Past perfect continuous tense) là một thì
trong tiếng Anh hiện đại. Được dùng để diễn tả quá trình xảy ra 1 hành động bắt đầu
trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.

II. CẤU TRÚC CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

Loại thể Công thức Ví dụ

- They had been
working for two
1.Câu hours when she
S + had + been + V-ing telephoned
khẳng định
- Her eyes were red
because she had been
crying
- They hadn’t been
S + hadn’t + been + V-ing paying attention for
2.Câu phủ long when he asked
định Lưu ý the question
 hadn’t = had not - I hadn’t been looking
for a job before I
needed money
Had + S + been + V-ing ? - Had they been not
- Trả lời: studying hard when
 Yes, S + had. the teacher asked? -
 No, S + hadn’t. Yes, they had./ No,
3.Câu nghi they hadn’t.
vấn - Had she been
working for 4 hours
before he arrived? -
Yes, she had./ No, she
hadn’t.
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0777506713

III. CÁCH SỬ DỤNG CỦA THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

1. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra kéo dài liên tục trước một hành động khác trong
quá khứ
Eg: He had been typing for 3 hours before he finshed his work.
2. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra kéo dài liên tục trước một thời điểm xác định
trong quá khứ.
Eg: My father had been driving for 5 hours before 10pm last night.
3. Nhấn mạnh hành động để lại kết quả trong quá khứ.
Eg: This morning he was very tired because he had been working very hard all
night.
IV. DẤU HIỆU ĐỂ NHẬN BIẾT THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

Đối với thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn, ở trong thành phần câu sẽ có các từ dùng
để nhận biết như sau:

 Until then: Cho đến lúc đó

Ví dụ: Until then I had been leaving Đà Nẵng for 3 years

 By the time: Đến lúc

Ví dụ: By the time she came back he had been sleeping for four hours.

 Prior to that time: Thời điểm trước đó

Ví dụ: Prior to that time I had been still traveling in Đà Đẵng for one months.

 Before, after: Trước, sau

Ví dụ: Before she came, I had been having breakfast at 7 o’clock.

V. LUYỆN TẬP

Bài tập 1: Hoàn thành những câu sau với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
được chia theo thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn:
1. I (work) ___________ all the morning, so I didn’t want to go out with my mom. had been working
2. Before he moved to New York, he (learn) _______ English for ten years. had been learning
3. She (run)________ for thirty minutes when we met her. had been running
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4. She gained weight because she (overeat) ___________ since the outbreak of the
Covid-19 pandemic. had been overeating
5. The student (talk)___________ until the teacher came into the classroom. had been talking
6. It (rain)___________ and the ground was very wet. had been rainning
7. Before eight o’clock yesterday, my brother (play)___________ games for two
hours. had been playing
8. She was exhausted after she (help) _________ her mom cook a lot of dishes. had been helping
Bài tập 2: Sắp xếp những câu dưới đây theo đúng trật tự từ:
1. They/ city/ had/ / living/ in/ Ho/ Chi/ been Minh/ until/ they/ their/ lost/ jobs.
=> They had been living in Ho Chi Minh city until they lost their jobs.
2. After/ we/ been/ working/ had/ in/ the/ all/ garden/ morning/, / exhausted /we/ were.
=> After we had been working in the garden all morning, we were exhausted.
3. came/ By/ time/ Alice/ to/ my/ the/ house/, /been/she/ had/ me/ many/ calling/
times. => By the time Alice came to my house, she had been calling me many times.

4. I/ had/ writing/ been/ essays/ two/ for/ hours/ before/ last/ 11:00 PM/ night.
=> I had been writing essays for two hours before 11:00 PM last night.
5. practicing/ She/ had/ badminton/ been/ playing/ before/ she/ took/ in/ the/ part/
competition. => She had been practicing playing badminton before she took part in the competition.

6. Shaun/ had/ painting/been/ for/ the/ when/ I/ window/ came/hours.

=> Shaun had been painting the window for hours when I came.
7. The/ crying/baby/ had/ been/ for/ one/ almost/ hour/ lunchtime/ before.
=> The baby had been crying for almost one hour before lunchtime.
8. staff/ The/ members/had/ been/ in/ the/ meeting/ waiting/ room/ for/ hour/ one/
until/ the/ came/ director. => The staff members had been waiting in the meeting room for one hour until
the came director.
Bài tập 3: Dịch những câu dưới đây sang tiếng Anh:
1. Chúng tôi đã rất mệt vì chúng tôi đã lái xe suốt nửa ngày.
=> We were very tired because we had been driving for half of the day.
2. Chị gái của tôi đã xem ti vi suốt cho đến khi tôi về đến nhà.
=> My sister had been watching TV when I got home.
3. Trước khi công ty đóng cửa, John đã làm việc được 5 năm rồi.
closed
=> By the time the company close the door, John had been working for five years.
4. Họ đã bố trí phòng trong bao lâu trước khi buổi hội nghị bắt đầu?
=> How long had they been setting up the conference room before the conference started ?
5. Mẹ của Alex đã nằm suốt trên giường cho đến khi bà ấy hồi phục từ lần phẫu thuật.
=> Alex's mother had been staying in the bed until she recovered from the surgery.
6. Tôi đã rất buồn khi mất cái điện thoại. Tôi đã sử dụng nó trong một thời gian dài.
=> I was very sad when I lost my phone. I had been using it for a long time.
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7. Anna đã ngủ suốt 12 tiếng đồng hồ khi tôi đánh thức cô ấy.
=> Anna had been sleeping for 12 hours when I woke her up.
8. Chúng tôi đã đạp xe cả ngày nên chân của chúng tôi bị đau vào ban đêm.
We had been cycling all day so our legs had pain at night.

BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP 4

Bài tập 1: Chia dạng đúng của động từ

1. When I arrived, he (wait) ……………………………
was waiting for me. He was very
angry with me.
2. We (run) ……………………………along
had been running the street for about 60 minutes
when a motorbike suddenly stopped right in front of us
had been stopping
3. Yesterday, my brother said he (stop) ……………………………smoking for
three months.
had been painting
4. Someone (paint) …………………………… the room because the smell of the
paint was very strong when I got into the room.
5. They (talk) ………………………..…
had been talking on the mobilephone when the rain
poured down.
Bài tập 2: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.
1. Marry had (walk) ………… three miles a day before her leg was broken. had been walking
2. She had (finish) ………… her assignment before 10 o’clock last night. had finished
3. I had (turn off) ………… the air – conditioner before I came home had turned off
4. Henry failed the final test because she had not (attend) ………… class. hadn't been attending
5. She had (make) ………… soup, so it was still hot and steamy when the visitors
came in. had been making
Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi sử dụng từ gợi ý cho sẵn
1. David had gone home before we arrived.
David had gone home, we arrived.
–> After ………………………………………………………………………….
2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops.
–> Before ………………………………………………………………………………
we took a look around the shop, we had had lunch.

3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.
–> When…………………………………………………………………………….
we got out of the office, the light had gone out.

4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work.

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-> By the time ……………………………………………………………………….

we started our work, she had explained everything clearly.

5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came
home.
-> Before ………………………………………………………………………….
my mother came home, my mother had watered all the plants.

Bài tập 4: Đặt động từ ở dạng phù hợp nhất, quá khứ tiếp diễn, quá khứ hoàn
thành hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
1. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbours were having (have) a party.
2. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he …
was walking
(walk) so fast
3. Sue was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She … (run) had been running
4. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full.
They … (eat) were eating
5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their
mouths were empty, but their stomachs were full. They … (eat) had been eating
had eaten
họ đã ăn trước khi "tôi" đến ròi á
6. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He … (look) for his contact lens. was working
was waiting was looking
7. When I arrived, Kate … (wait) for me. She was annoyed with me because I
was late and she … (wait) for a long time. had been waiting