ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Planck's Quantum Theory :

hc
Energy of one photon = h =


Photoelectric Effect :
1
h = h0 + m 2
2 e
Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen like atoms :
h
1. mvr = n (Quantization of angular momentum)
2

E1 z2 z2
2. En = – 2 z2 = –2.178 × 10–18 2 J/atom = –13.6 eV
n n n2

 2 2 me 4
E1 =
n2
2
n2 h 0 . 529  n2
3. rn = × 2 2 = Å
Z 4 e m Z

2 ze 2 2 .18  10 6  z
4. v= = m/s
nh n
De–Broglie wavelength :
h h
=  (for photon)
mc p

Wavelength of emitted photon :

1 
 1

1 
=  = RZ2  2  2 
 n
 1 n2 

No. of photons emitted by a sample of H atom :
n ( n  1)
2
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle :
h h h
x.p > or m x.v  or x.v 
4 4 4m
Quantum Numbers :
* Principal quantum number (n) = 1, 2, 3, 4 .... to .
nh
* Orbital angular momentum of electron in any orbit = .
2
* Azimuthal quantum number () = 0, 1, ..... to (n – 1).
* Number of orbitals in a subshell = 2 + 1
* Maximum number of electrons in particular subshell = 2 × (2 + 1)
h
* Orbital angular momentum L = ( 1) =   (  1)
2
 h 
  2  
 