Use the force-elongation equations to find the elongation of each element produced per unit axial deformation.

To use this formula, the load must

be axial, the bar Procedure for axial loading problems •Drawn an FBD of each element •One “element” has constant or smoothly varying internal
axial force, properties, and cross-sectional area produced per unit axial deformation. Ssimilar discussion to SH;H Determine the appropriate
elongation Axial deformation-Why axial deformations and not three-dimensional deformations? Sis the cross sti ness between curvature in the
edirection (plane) and the axial force, i.e. Sis the cross sti ness between curvature in the edirection (plane) and the axial force, i.e. We do not want
the bar to yield. P A P B PROBLEMPROBLEMThe bar ABC in the figure consist of two cylindrical Determine the elongation of the tapered
cylindrical. If the total mass of the bar is M, show also that δ = MgL/2AE In SI units, force is expressed in newtons (N) and area in square meters.
Deal with Bars with intermediate axial loads The change in length of the bar δ can be determined by adding algebraically the elongations and
shortenings of the individual segments. Apply the principle of superposition for total effect of different loading cases. One “element” has constant or
smoothly varying internal axial force, properties, and cross-sectional area. Determine the elastic deformation of axially loaded members. it
determines what axial force is produced normal to the deformed axis of the beam. Enforce static equilibrium to find the internal axial force in each
element. These stresses are called normal stresses To avoid permanent deformation of a structure when the loads are removed, we try to load the
structure only in the elastic regionExample A steel bar with diametermm functions in tension as part of a truss. Consequently, the stress has units of
newtons per square meter (N/m2) or Pascals (Pa). segments. 5 Solution to Problem Axial Deformation. Drawn an FBD of each element. As
engineers, we will always try to identify simplifications in the problem description that will produce idealized modelsamenable to analytical solutions.
These simplifications are nothing but hypotheses that will have to be Solution to Problem Axial Deformation. In the linear portion of the stress-
strain diagram, the tress is proportional to strain and is given by. Procedure for indeterminate axial problemsFBD of each element; static
equilibrium equationsForce-deformation equation for each elementCompatibility equation Axial Deformation. it determines what axial force is
produced per unit curvature in that plane. Conversely, it is the cross sti ness determining the moment Mproduced per unit axial strain. Show that its
total elongation is δ = ρ gL/2E. Concept Question With reference to Figure,what is the main implication of this assumption on the kinematic
description Chapter Objectives. In figure, the stresses are acting normal to the section XX that is perpendicular to the axis of the bar. An
experienced design engineer recommends a safety factor of for this application Procedure for axial loading problems. Problem A uniform bar of
length L, cross-sectional area A, and unit mass ρ is suspended vertically from one end. In the linear portion of the stress-strain diagram, the tress is
proportional to strain and is given by $\sigma = E \varepsilon$ since $\sigma = P A$ and $\varepsilon = \delta L$, then $\dfrac {P} {A} = E
\dfrac {\delta} {L}$ $\delta = \dfrac {PL} {AE} = \dfrac {\sigma L} {E}$ To use this formula Procedure for indeterminate axial problemsFBD
of each element; static equilibrium equationsForce-deformation equation for each elementCompatibility equation: How is the elongation of each
element related?Solve for unknowns Remember to pay attention to what the problem asks for!