FILE-20210301-195905-QTZ7015 English

QTZ7015
塔式起重机
Tower Crane
(2.0×2.0 米截面，外套)
(2.0×2.0m Cross-section, Outer Cage)
制造许可证：TS2410639—2016
Manufacturing License: TS2410639-2016
使用说明书
Operating Instructions
广西建工集团建筑机械制造有限责任公司
Guangxi Construction Engineering Group Machinery
Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
广西建机塔式起重机使用说明书
Guangxi Construction Engineering Group Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd Operating Instructions of Tower Crane
在使用本产品之前请仔细阅读一遍本说明书！
Please read the Operating Instructions carefully before you use the
crane!
本产品设计引用如下标准:
Following standards are referred to in design of the crane:
1. GB/T5031-2008 塔式起重机
GB/T5031-2008 Tower Crane
2. GB/T13752-1992 塔式起重机设计规
GB/T13752-1992 Design Rules for Tower Crane
3. GB5144-2006 塔式起重机安全规程
GB5144-2006 Safety Code for Tower Crane
2
目录
Contents
第一章概述 CHAPTER I GENERAL .......................................................................................... 6
1.1 前言 Foreword......................................................................................................... 6
1.2 性能参数表 Performance parameter list ................................................................. 8
1.3 性能表 Performance list ........................................................................................ 10
1.4 塔式起重机部件数量、规格、重量表 Quantity, specification and weight of tower
crane parts ............................................................................................................. 14
第二章场地准备 CHAPTER II SITE PREPARATION ............................................................... 15
2.1 场地与空间 Site and space ................................................................................... 15
2.2 固定基础节基础 Foundation of fixed foundation section ...................................... 22
2.3 固定基础节的尺寸 Dimension of fixed foundation section ................................... 25
2.4 安装预埋螺栓基础节 Mounting the foundation section with embedded bolts ...... 27
2.5 接地 Grounding ..................................................................................................... 29
2.6 配重 Counter-weight ............................................................................................. 30
2.7 附着 Anchoring...................................................................................................... 39
第三章用汽车吊安装塔机说明及塔机主要部件重量 CHAPTER III INSTALLATION
INSTRUCTIONS OF TOWER CRANE WITH TRUCK CRANE AND WEIGHT OF MAIN
COMPONENTS FOR TOWER CRANE...................................................................................... 57
3.1 重量和高度 Weight and height .............................................................................. 57
3.2 通道 Channel ........................................................................................................ 59
3.5 起重臂 Hoisting jib................................................................................................. 65
第四章塔机的安装 CHAPTER IV TOWER CRANE ERECTION.............................................. 69
4.1 安装程序 Procedure of installation........................................................................ 69
4.2 安装 Erection......................................................................................................... 70
4.3 安装塔身标准节 Installation of tower standard section ......................................... 76
4.4 安装通道 Installation of Channel ........................................................................... 78
4.5 安装顶升外套架 Installation of jacking outer cage ................................................ 82
4.6 安装回转支承 Installation of slewing support........................................................ 86
4.7 安装塔头 Installation of tower head ...................................................................... 89
4.8 装配起重臂及平衡臂 Installation of hoisting jib and counter jib ............................ 92
4.9 安装牵引小车和滑轮组 Installation of hauling trolley and pulley block ................. 99
4.10 安装平衡臂和起重臂 Installation of counter jib and hoisting jib .......................... 103
4.11 穿绕起升钢丝绳 Winding and lifting of wire rope ................................................. 111
4.12 安装平衡重 Installation of counter-weight ............................................................114
4.13 顶升准备 Jacking preparation ..............................................................................115
3
4.14 塔机顶升配平 Jacking and balancing of tower crane ......................................... 120

4.15 顶升加节 Jacking and telescoping ...................................................................... 123
4.16 使用前的准备工作 Preparation before use ......................................................... 129
第五章拆塔 CHAPTER V TOWER CRANE DISMANTLING ................................................. 136
5.1 引言 Introduction ................................................................................................. 136
5.2 拆塔前准备工作 Preparation before dismantling of tower crane ........................ 136
5.3 拆卸塔身 Removal of tower ................................................................................ 137
5.4 拆除钢丝绳和配重 Wire rope and counterweight removal.................................. 139
4.5 拆卸起重臂(用辅助吊车) Jib removal (using auxiliary crane) .............................. 140
4.6 拆卸平衡臂 Removal of counter-jib..................................................................... 142
4.7 拆卸塔头,回转支承,塔身第一节,套架 Removal of tower head, slewing support, first
section of tower and cage.................................................................................... 144
第六章安全须知 CHAPTER VI SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .................................................... 146
6.1 说明 Note ............................................................................................................ 146
6.2 安全须知 Safety instructions ............................................................................... 146
第七章电气系统 CHAPTER VII ELECTRICAL SYSTEM....................................................... 151
7.1 电气系统 Electrical system ................................................................................. 151
第八章起升机构 CHAPTER VIII HOISTING WINCH.............................................................. 159
8.1 说明 Introduction ................................................................................................. 159
8.2 起升机构传动示意图 Schematic Diagram of Hoisting Winch Drive .................... 159
8.3 工作原理 Working principle ................................................................................. 159
8.4 起升限位器 Hoisting limiter ................................................................................. 160
第九章回转机构 CHAPTER IX SLEWING MECHANISM ...................................................... 164
9.1 说明 Introduction ................................................................................................. 164
9.2 回转机构传动示意图 Schematic Diagram of Slewing Mechanism Drive ............ 164
9.4 回转限位器 Slewing limiter.................................................................................. 165
9.5 回转齿圈紧固螺栓的定期检查 Periodic Inspection of Slewing Gear Ring Fastening
Bolt ....................................................................................................................... 166
第十章小车变幅机构 CHAPTER X TROLLEY TRAVELLING MECHANISM ........................ 168
10.1 说明 Introduction ................................................................................................. 168
10.3 幅度限位器 Trolley traveling limiter ..................................................................... 170
第十一章安全装置 CHAPTER XI SAFETY DEVICES............................................................ 172
11.1 起重量限制器的调整 Adjustment of lifting weight limiter .................................... 172
11.2 力矩限位器的调整 Adjustment of Torque Limiter ................................................ 179
4
第十二章液压顶升系统 CHAPTER XII HYDRAULIC JACKING SYSTEM ............................ 184

12.1 说明 Introduction ................................................................................................. 184
12.3 使用与调整 Use and adjustment......................................................................... 185
12.4 多路换向阀结构原理 Structure principle of multi-way reversing valve ............... 186
第十三章. 润滑 CHAPTER XIII LUBRICATION ...................................................................... 188
13.1 塔机各润滑部位 Lubrication points of tower crane ............................................. 188
13.2 润滑用油表 List of lubricating oil ......................................................................... 189
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第一章概述
Chapter I General
1.1 前言
Foreword
QTZ7015 塔式起重机是建设部塔式起重机定点生产厂——广西建工集团建筑机械制造
有限责任公司设计的大型塔式起重机，可以广泛用于高层建筑、桥梁施工和大型钢结构
吊装等工程。
QTZ7015 tower crane, a large-scale tower crane designed by the tower crane
manufacturer designated by the Ministry of Construction - Guangxi Construction
Engineering Group Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., is widely used for high-rise
building and bridge construction and large-scale steel structure lifting works.
QTZ7015 塔机采用组合设计，可以根据建筑施工的需要，通过更换或增减一些部件，便
可分别组成行走式、底座固定式、预埋螺栓固定式、自升式和附着式等多种型式的塔机，
具有一机多能、一机多用的特点；
QTZ7015 tower crane adopts the combination design. As per demands for building
construction, the crane can constitute the travelling, base-fixed, fixed with pre-buried
bolts, self-elevating and anchoring type tower cranes through replacement or adding or
removal of some parts. The crane is characterized by multi-function and multi-purpose.
该机为水平臂架，小车变幅，上旋转式塔机，其基本臂长为 40 米，加长臂可分别组合
为 45、50 米、55 米、60 米、65 和 70 米，最大起重量为 8 吨。本机的主要特点如下：
The crane is designed as an up-rotating tower crane consisted of horizontal jib and
traveling trolley. Its basic jib length is 40m, and the extension jib length is 45m, 50m,
55m, 60m, 65m and 70m respectively. Its maximum lifting capacity is 8 tons. The main
characteristics of the crane are shown as below:
① 重臂架采用刚性双吊点拉杆连接，具有臂长、重量轻、工作覆盖面积大、作业空间
广、使用效率高的特点；
The hoisting jib is connected with rigid dual lifting-point tie-rod, and featured by
long jib, lightness in weight, wide coverage and working space as well as high
utilization efficiency.
② 塔身标准节架采用片状式结构，便于运输和存储，标准节架之间采用销轴连接，安
装和拆卸都很方便；
The tower standard section is of sheet-type structure, which facilitates transport
and storage. The pin shafts are used for connection between the tower standard
sections so that it’s very easy to erect and remove the sections.
③ 操作室采用人体工程学原理进行设计，外形美观、内部空间大；置于臂架左侧，视
野开阔；联动台操作方便，舒适，充分体现了以人为本的设计理念；
The operating room is designed based on the human body engineering principle
and featured by beautiful appearance and large interior space. It is arranged at
the left side of jib with a wide view. The linkage console is operated easily and
comfortably. These above reflect the “People Oriented” design concept.
④ 起升机构有采用电磁离合器变档、涡流制动调速或采用涡流双速电机调速的起升方
案，起升速度快，慢就位准确可靠；回转机构采用涡流电动机和行星齿轮传动，传
动比大，起制动平稳；行走机构由绕线电机、圆柱蜗杆减速器等组成，传动比大，
结构紧凑，起动平稳；变幅机构分为单速涡流电机调速和变频器调速两种形式，用
户可根据实际需要自行选择。
The hoisting winch uses the electromagnetic clutches for shift and eddy current
6
brake for speed regulation or eddy current double-speed motor for speed
regulation, so as to achieve fast hoisting speed, reliable and accurate slow
in-place speed. Slewing mechanism is driven by the eddy-current motor and
epicyclic gear with high transmission ratio and stable starting and braking
process. Travelling mechanism is consisted of winding motor, cylindrical
worm-driven reducer and other components with high transmission ratio,
compact structure and stable starting process. Trolley mechanism has may
conduct the speed regulation via single-speed eddy current motor or frequency
converter. The user may select it as per actual demand by itself.
⑤ 电气系统的各种安全装置齐全，工作安全可靠。
Various safety devices of the electrical system are complete, and can operate
safely and reliably.
由于本公司的产品在不断地改进和优化设计，某些性能参数、零部件外形尺寸和重量的
变更恕不相告，与说明书不符的，以实物为准。
Some performance and parameter, outline dimension and weight of parts during
continuous improvement and optimized design of our products are subject to change
without notice. In case of any deviation from the instructions, the goods in kind shall
prevail.
额定起重力矩 KN.m
1620
Rated hoisting torque KN.m
最大起重量 t
10
Max. lifting capacity t
最大臂长 m
40 45 50 55 60 65 70
Max. jib length m
最大臂长端部起重量 t
4.2 3.7 3.1 2.6 2.2 18 1.5
Max. jib end lifting capacity t
平衡重 t
11.5 12.5 13 15 16 17 19
Counterweight t
压重 t
120
Load t
Whole crane
行走式 59, 预埋螺栓固定式 53, 十字梁底座压重固定式 58，附

着式 209
总体
起升高度 m
Lifting height m For travelling type: 59m; for fixed type with pre-buried bolt:
53m; for cross beam base-fixed type: 58m; for anchoring type:
209m
预埋螺栓固定式
Fixed type with pre-buried 70.1 70.6 71.1 71.6 72.1 72.6 73
bolt
整机自重
行走式
（t） 80.2 80.7 81.2 81.7 82.2 82.7 83.1
Travelling type
Weight of
十字梁底座固定式
whole 84.8 85.3 85.7 86.1 86.5 87.1 87.5
Cross beam base-fixed type
crane t
预埋螺栓附着式
Anchoring type with 187.1 187.6 188.1 188.6 189.1 189.6 190
pre-buried bolt
工作温度℃
-20～40
Working temperature ℃
滑轮倍率
2 4
Multiplying factor of pulley
起重量 t
2 4 4 10
速度 Lifting capacity t
Speed 额定起升速度
120 60 60 30
m/min Rated lifting speed
Hoisting winch
低速就位速度
起升机构
Slow placing in position ≤5

speed
电动机
YZRSWF280M-4/8 55/55kW 1450/725 r/min
Motor
减速机圆柱齿轮减速机 ZQ65-10-VⅡCA i=10.35
Reducer Cylindrical gear reducer ZQ65-10-VⅡCA i=10.35
制动器
YWZ-400 / 90
Brake
钢丝绳规格： 35×7-14-1770 多层股不旋转钢丝绳
Wire rope Specification: 35x7-14-1770 multi-strand non-rotation wire rope
7
变幅速度 m/min
40.5
Travelling mechanism
0～50
Traveling speed m/min
电动机
YZRW160M1-6 5.5kW YEJ132M2-4 7.5kW
变幅机构
Motor
减速器 WHC12-25-ⅠF 蜗轮蜗杆减速器
WHC12-31.5-ⅠF
Reducer WHC12-25-ⅠF worm gear reducer
规格：7×18＋FC-8-1570 多层股不旋转钢丝绳
钢丝绳
Specification: 7x18＋FC-8-1570 multi-strand non-rotation wire
Wire rope
rope
回转速度 r/min
Slewing mechanism
0~0.43
Slewing speed r/min
电动机型号：YZRW132M2-6V2 2×3.7kW n=908r/min
回转机构
Motor Model: YZRW132M2-6V2 2×3.7kW n=908r/min

减速器
XX4-100-180 i=180
Reducer
电磁制动器
DZBⅡ-8 80N.m DC24V
Electromagnetic brake
顶升速度 m/min
0.55
Jacking speed m/min
电动机型号：Y132M-4 V1 功率：7.5 KW 转速：1440r/min
Motor Model: Y132M-4 V1 Power: 7.5 KW Speed: 1440r/min
Jacking mechanism
泵站型号
HSGK01-220/160F-1521-1740-2430
Model of pump station
顶升机构
油泵型号
CBK1012 (Pm=28Mpa， Q=12ml/r)
Model of oil pump
油缸行程 m
1.74
Cylinder stroke m
工作顶升力 KN
650
Working jacking force KN
工作油压 MPa
16
Working oil pressure MPa
1.2 性能参数表
Performance parameter list
注：1. 本表适用于起升机构电机为双速绕线式涡流电机，最大起重量为 10 吨；
Note: 1. The list is applicable for the dual-speed winding eddy-current motor used for
hoisting winch with max. lifting capacity of 10t.
额定起重力矩 KN.m
1620
Rated hoisting torque KN.m
最大起重量 t
8
Max. lifting capacity t
最大臂长 m
40 45 50 55 60 65 70
Max. jib length m
最大臂长端部起重量 t
4.2 3.7 3.1 2.6 2.2 18 1.5
Max. jib end lifting capacity t
平衡重 t
12 12.5 14.5 15.5 17 18 19.5
Counterweight t
压重 t
120
Load t
行走式 59, 预埋螺栓固定式 53, 十字梁底座压重固定式 58，附着
Whole crane
起升高度 m 式 209
总体
Lifting height m For travelling type: 59m; for fixed type with pre-buried bolt: 53m; for
cross-beam base-fixed type: 58m; for anchoring type: 209m
预埋螺栓固定式
Fixed type with 70.1 70.6 71.1 71.6 72.1 72.6 73
pre-buried bolt
整机自行走式
80.2 80.7 81.2 81.7 82.2 82.7 83.1
重（t） Travelling type
Weight 十字梁底座固定式
of whole Cross beam base-fixed 84.8 85.3 85.7 86.1 86.5 87.1 87.5
crane t type
预埋螺栓附着式
Anchoring type with 187.1 187.6 188.1 188.6 189.1 189.6 190
pre-buried bolt
工作温度 ℃
-20～40
Working temperature ℃
g winch
速度滑轮倍率
Hoistin
起升机
构
Speed Multiplying factor of 2 4

m/min pulley
8
起重量 t
1.8 3.6 3.6 8
Lifting capacity t
额定起升速度
96 48 48 24
Rated lifting speed
低速就位速度
≤5
Slow in-position speed
电动机
YZRW250M1-6 37KW n=960r/min
Motor
减速机圆柱齿轮电磁变档减速机 i=14.72 i=7.277
Reducer Cylindrical gear electromagnetic shift reducer i=14.72 i=7.277
制动器
YWZ-300/90
Brake
钢丝绳规格： 35×7-14-1770 多层股不旋转钢丝绳
Wire rope Specification: 35x7-14-1770 multi-strand non-rotation wire rope
变幅速度 m/min
Slewing mechanism Travelling mechanism
40.5 0～50
Traveling speed m/min
电动机
变幅机构
YZRW132M2-6 3.7kW YEJ132M2-4 7.5kW

Motor
减速器 WHC12-25-ⅠF 蜗轮蜗杆减速器
WHC12-31.5-ⅠF
Reducer WHC12-25-ⅠF worm gear reducer
钢丝绳规格：7×18＋FC-8-1570 多层股不旋转钢丝绳
Wire rope Specification: 7x18＋FC-8-1570 multi-strand non-rotation wire rope
回转速度 r/min
0~0.43
Slewing speed r/min
电动机型号：YZRW132M2-6V2 2×3.7kW n=908r/min
回转机构
Motor Model: YZRW132M2-6V2 2×3.7kW n=908r/min

减速器
XX4-100-180 i=180
Reducer
电磁制动器
DZBⅡ-8 80N.m DC24V
Electromagnetic brake
顶升速度 m/min
0.55
Jacking speed m/min
电动机型号：Y132M-4 V1 功率：7.5 KW 转速：1440r/min
Motor Model: Y132M-4 V1 Power: 7.5 KW Speed: 1440r/min
Jacking mechanism
泵站型号
HSGK01-220/160F-1521-1740-2430
Model of pump station
顶升机构
油泵型号
CBK1012 (Pm=28Mpa， Q=12ml/r)
Model of oil pump
油缸行程 m
1.74
Model of oil pump
工作顶升力 KN
650
Model of oil pump
工作油压 MPa
16
Working oil pressure MPa
注：2 本表适用于起升机构电机 37KW 涡流电机，最大起重量为 8 吨；

Note: 2. The list is applicable for the 37KW eddy-current motor used for hoisting winch
with max. lifting capacity of 8t.
9
1.3 性能表
Performance list
1.3.1 QTZ7015 起重性能（最大起重量为 10 吨）
QTZ7015 lifting performance (max. lifting capacity: 10t)
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
起重特性表
65m
50m
45m
40m
70m
60m
55m
10
广西建机
Lifting Performance List

70m jib
起重特性表
70m
Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
65m jib 65m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
60m jib 60m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
Guangxi Construction Engineering Group Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd
kg
11
55m jib 55m
Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
50m jib 50m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
45m jib 45m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
40m jib 40m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
Operating Instructions of Tower Crane
塔式起重机使用说明书
1.3.2 QTZ7015 起重性能（最大起重量为 8 吨）

QTZ7015 lift performance (max. lifting capacity: 8t)
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
kg
m
起重特性表
kg
m
50m
45m
40m
65m
70m
60m
55m
12
广西建机
Lifting Performance List

70m jib
起重特性表
70m
Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
65m jib 65m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
60m jib 60m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
13
55m jib 55m
Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
50m jib 50m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
45m jib 45m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
40m jib 40m

Radius m
Hoisting capacity
kg
1.4 塔式起重机部件数量、规格、重量表
Quantity, specification and weight of tower crane parts
序号名称件数规格件重（kg）
S/N Description Qty. Specification Weight (kg)
塔身第一节架
1 1 2000×2000×7700 4910
First section of tower
第一标准节架
2 5 2000×2000×3354 2041
First standard section
第二标准节架
3 11 2000×2000×3354 1917
Second standard section
外套架
4 1 2568×2568×7730 4935
Outer cage
液压装置站
5 1 1460×2600 950
Hydraulic device station
套架下平台
6 1 4000×3870×1303 432
Lower cage platform
套架上平台
7 1 3870×3870×1303 400
Upper cage platform
回转上下支承架总成
8 Lower and upper slewing 1 3462×1894×1839 5579
support assembly
回转机构
90 2 1590×546 350
Slewing mechanism
过渡节总成
10 Transitional section 1 2485×2209×3400 1634
assembly
平衡臂
11 1 13200×2790×1866 3520
Counter jib
平衡重
12 1 1300×2100×3410 19000
Counter-weight
起升机构
13 1 2597×1505×974 3735
Hoisting winch
电气系统
14 1 500
Electrical system
起重臂拉杆
15 1 2090
Tie rod of hoisting jib
起重臂架
16 1 70500×1560×1352 8034
Hoisting jib
小车变幅机构
17 Trolley traveling 1 1340×1370 568
mechanism
吊钩 1 950×246×1480 466
18
Hook
变幅小车 1 1564×2301×1355 300
19
Traveling trolley
附着装置 1 4600×7030×430 1968
20
Anchoring device
塔帽总成 1 2780×1685×8650 1937
22
Tower cap assembly
14
第二章场地准备
Chapter II Site Preparation
2.1 场地与空间
Site and space
塔机的空间要求尺寸见下图所示，所给尺寸均为理论值，并未考虑加载后的变形。
The required space of the tower is shown in the figure below. The given sizes are
theoretic without consideration of deformation under load.
2.1.1 整体塔机简图
Schematic diagram of the whole crane
QTZ7015 塔式起重机示意图
Schematic diagram of QTZ7015 tower crane
15
Cross beam base-fixed type Travelling type Fixed type with pre-buried bolt
Valid height of hook: 58m Valid height of hook: Valid height of hook: 53m
59m
16
2.1.2 塔机基础受力简图
Schematic diagram of force suffered by tower crane foundation
17
In service No lifting load and no

Counterforce counter weight,
Out of service Self-weight at max. length
and height of lifting jib
Notes:
18
2.1.3 固定基础节和底盘
Fixed foundation section and chassis
A 2.0m
B 2.0m
C 1.5m
D 2.5m
19
2.1.4 塔身
Tower
RP
A4 2.000m
B4 7.700m
C4 3.000m
D4 7.730m
E4 2.730m
F4 3.87m
G4 4.116m
H4 1.061m
I4 0.955m
20
2.1.5 塔头
Tower head
符号数据（m）臂长
a b c d
Symbol Data (m) Jib length
A 2.0 70m 71.5 16.88 56.640m 14.203m
D 13.70 65m 66.5m 16.88m 56.640m 14.203m
E 4.706 60m 61.5m 16.88m 56.640m 14.203m
F 1.34 55m 56.5m 16.88m 51.64m 14.203m
H 2.80 50m 51.5m 16.88m 46.64m 14.203m
I 3.22 45m 46.5m 16.88m 41.64m 14.203m
J 1.99 40m 41.5m 16.88m 36.64m 14.203m
K 3.41
L 2.84
M 3.22
21
2.2 固定基础节基础
Foundation of fixed foundation section
2.2.1 说明
Instructions
– 下页表中所列数据是满足塔机稳定性的最小值。
The data listed on the table below is the minimum value satisfying the tower
crane stability.
– 如有其他数据请与我们协商。
If there is any other data, please consult with us.
– 最佳基础的选用取决于现场的地基承压力。对于任何高度的塔机，按等于或低于现
场地基承压力来选择基础。
The selection of the best foundation depends on the foundation bearing capacity
on the site. For the tower cranes of any height, the selected foundation shall be
equal to or lower than the site foundation bearing capacity.
– 基础节安装的不当会严重影响塔机使用（如塔机倾斜等）。
Improper installation of the foundation section will affect the tower crane
operation severely (such as tower crane tilting).
2.2.2 地基承压力及混凝土基础尺寸
Foundation bearing capacity and concrete foundation dimension
用预埋螺栓与基础节连接的混凝土基础的尺寸决定于：
The dimension of the concrete foundation connected with the foundation section by
means of the embedded bolts depends on:
1. 地面的允许承载力；
The allowable ground bearing capacity;
2. 由塔机传来的力（M.N.F），混凝土基础要配以适当的钢筋，设计由用户负责；
The force transmitted by the tower crane (M.N.F). The concrete foundation shall
be properly reinforced, which shall be designed by the user;
3. 预埋螺栓高出地面 120~150mm。
The embedded bolt is 120~150mm higher than the ground.
22
砼基础重量（t）
对地面压应力(Pa)
Concrete M(KN.
Pressure stress to a(mm) h(mm) N(t) F(KN)
foundation m)
the ground (Pa)
weight (t)
2.0×105 7000 1700 196 108.4 4880 147
1.5×105 7500 1500 198 108.4 4880 147
砼标号：C35
Concrete grade: C35
警告：预埋地脚螺栓时应用铁丝与钢筋绑扎，绝不允许采用点焊的方法固定。
Warning: When embedding the anchor bolts, the iron wire shall be used to bind them
with the rebar, and it is prohibited to take spot welding to fix them.
23
下图为 a= 7 00 0m m， h =1 70 0m m 的基础配钢筋参数，其余方案用户可参考此图确定配钢筋参数。
1 φ 2 0 b =2 30 n= 30
2 φ 1 8 b= 22 9 n =7
521
1603
1700
521
3 φ 2 0 b= 23 0 n =3 0
521
6900
7000
6900 竖条 3 .9 5k g /条
62 条
1600
1600
1 5 8条 2 5k g/ 条
钢
建筑
筋
2 材料 6 7 .7 3k g/ 条
6856
数 8条
Q 23 5 6856
量
A
3 17 k g/ 条
6900 17 8条
技术要求：
3
1. 砼标号： C3 5，砼比重： 2 30 0K g /m .
2. 预埋地脚螺栓时应用铁丝与钢筋绑扎，绝不允许采用点焊的方法固定。
24
The
下图 diagram
为 a= 7 00 below
0m m， hshows
=1 70 0mthe
m 的reinforcement
基础配钢筋参 parameters
数，其余方案provided
用户可参for考 a=7,000mm,
此图确定配钢b=1,700mm
筋参数。
foundation. For other schemes, the users may determine the reinforcement parameters with
reference to this diagram.
1 φ 2 0 b =2 30 n= 30
2 φ 1 8 b= 22 9 n =7
521
1603
1700
521
3 φ 2 0 b= 23 0 n =3 0
521
6900
7000
6900 Vertical
竖条 3 3.95kg/each
.9 5k g /条
6262条
1600
25kg/each
1600
1 558
8条 2 5k g/ 条
Construction material
钢
建筑
Reinforcement
筋
quantity
Q235A
2 材料 667.73kg/each
7 .7 3k g/ 条
6856
数 8 条8
Q 23 5 6856
量
A
3 1717kg/each
k g/ 条
6900 17178
8条
Technical
技术要求：requirements
1. Concrete grade: C35; concrete specific weight: 2,300kg/m3
3
2. When1. 砼标号： C3 5，
embedding 砼比重
the anchor ： 2 30
bolts, the0Ksteel
g /m wire
. shall be used to bind them
with the rebar, and it is prohibited to conduct spot welding to fix them.
2. 预埋地脚螺栓时应用铁丝与钢筋绑扎，绝不允许采用点焊的方法固定。
2.3 固定基础节的尺寸
Dimension of fixed foundation section
基础节必须按混凝土基础的中心对称安装；
The foundation section shall be mounted symmetrically according to the center of the
concrete foundation;
基础节应按电气要求正确接地；
The foundation section shall be grounded correctly according to the electrical
requirements;
在基础节预埋螺栓附近浇注混凝土基础时使用的钢筋不能切断，也不能减少。
When pouring the concrete foundation near the embedded bolts of foundation section,
all rebars shall not be cut and decreased.
25
26
Grounding
2.4 安装预埋螺栓基础节
Mounting the foundation section with embedded bolts
安装所需备件：
Spare parts required for mounting:
– 32 条地脚螺栓及厚螺母 32 只，薄螺母 64 只
32 anchor bolts, 32 thick nuts and 64 thin nuts
– 4 块定位板，一个基础节
4 locating plates, 1 foundation section
– 一个塔身标准节或第一节架
1 standard section or the first section of the tower
– 一个铅锤砣或水平仪
1 plumb bob or level
在塔机交货前可先向用户提供基础节和一节塔身标准节或第一节架。将定位板和基础节
用地脚螺栓装在一起,将定位板和基础节安放在加强钢筋上,并在基础节底板下用垫片调
整基础节的位置。塔身标准节在基础节上安装完毕后,从两个方向检查其垂直度。浇铸混
凝土,待其干硬后,拆下塔身标准节。
Before tower crane delivery, provide the user with the foundation section or one
27
standard section or the first section of the tower. Assemble the locating plates and the
anchor bolts fixing the foundation section together, place the locating plates and
foundation section on the reinforcement, and adjust the foundation section position by
means of the shim under the foundation section's base plate. After mounting the
standard section on the foundation section, check its verticality in two directions. Pour
the concrete, and after it is hardened, remove the tower's standard section.
28
Plumb line
Standard section
of tower
Two Φ65 pins at

each corner
Foundation
section
32 anchor bolts, 64 hex nuts
4 locating
plates
Concrete
foundation
2.5 接地
Grounding
注意：塔机接地线不得采用保险丝或开关及电缆芯线代替。
Note: the tower crane's grounding wire shall not be replaced by the fuse or switch and
cable core.
a. 钢管 φ33/45mm，长度 1.5m 到 2m。
Steel pipe φ33/45mm, with a length of 1.5m~2m.
b. 接地棒
Ground rod
c. 用于保护接地棒头并能浇水的观察孔。
For protecting the ground rod head and the sight hole which can be watered.
29
接地板用钢板或其它可延金属板制作，面积为 1m2，立埋。
The ground plate shall be made of steel plate or other extendable metal plate with an
area of 1m2, and embedded vertically.
截面为 28mm2 的铜导体或截面为 50mm2 的铁导体埋于线槽内，其埋入长度由地电阻情
况确定。
The copper conductor with a section of 28mm2 or the iron conductor with a section of
50mm2 is buried in the wiring duct, with a burial length determined by the ground
resistance.
2.6 配重
Counter-weight
2.6.1 说明
Instruction
配重由几个混凝土块（A、B）组成，用它们进行组合可以得到与臂长相一致的各种重量。
这些混凝土块一块挨着一块地吊挂在平衡臂尾部。混凝土块配重地制作由用户负责。以
下给出了混凝土配重块的组合及其具体结构和尺寸。
The counter weight is consisted of several concrete blocks (A, B) which are combined
to form various weights corresponding to the jib length. These concrete blocks are
suspended one by one at the end of the counter jib. The user is responsible for the
fabrication of the concrete counter weight. The combination, specific structure and
dimension of the concrete counter-weight are given as below.
为了得到每块配重要求的重量（允差±25kg），可改变尺寸 H（见下表）。要求称出每块
混凝土块的重量并标识在每块的侧面上。
The dimension H may be altered so that each counter weight may reach required
weight (allowable tolerance ±25kg). (See the table shown as below) Weigh each
concrete block and mark on its side.
30
2.6.2 配重组合 1
Counter weight combination 1
70m 65m 60m
A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 A1 A1 A1 B B B A1 A1 B B B B
55m 50m 45m 40m
A1 A1 A1 B B A1 A1 B B B A1 B B B B A1 A1 B B
起重臂长度（m）
70 65 60 55 50 45 40
Length of hoisting jib (m)
配重块 A1 3 3 2 3 2 1 2
Counter A2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
weight B 0 3 4 2 3 4 2
重量
19.5 18 17 15.5 14.5 13.5 12
Weight
支承轴
12 12 12 10 10 10 8
Support shaft
注：起升机构为 37kW 涡流电机时用。
Note: It may be used when the hoisting winch is the 37kw eddy-current motor.
31
2.6.2 配重组合 2
Counter weight combination 2
70m 65m 60m
A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 B B A2 A2 B B B B
55m 50m 45m 40m
A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 B B B B B B B B B A2 A2 A2 B
起重臂长度（m）
70 65 60 55 50 45 40
Length of hoisting jib (m)
配重块 A1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Counter A2 4 4 2 5 1 0 3
weight B 0 2 4 0 4 5 1
重量
19 17 16 15 13 12.5 11.5
Weight
支承轴
12 12 12 10 10 10 8
Support shaft
注：起升机构为 55/55kW 双速电机时用。
Note: It may be used when the hoisting winch is the 55/55kW dual-speed motor.
32
2.6.3 平衡重块
Counter weight
平衡重 A1
Counter weight A1
1300
350+5
50 50
50 50
300
54
230
1
300
2
1100
10
3 9
4
5
H
3 50 0 kg 3 5 00 k g
6
7
186× 17（=3162）*
196× 17（=3332）
8
186*
196
50*
54
50 400 400 400 50
序号数量钢筋长度总长平衡重块 A1
1 4 L50×5 400 1600 3500kg
2 1 φ30 1200 1200
3 2 φ12 1900 3800 混凝土比重 H
4 4 φ12 600+2H 2400+8H kg/m 3 (mm)
5 32 φ10 1300 41600 2300 3410
6 1 钢管φ51×3 1300 1300 2400* 3340*
7 4 L50×5 3410 13640 注:用 E4303焊条将角钢与角钢有角
8 2 L50×5 1200 2400 钢与钢筋焊成一体后再浇铸砼, 理论
9 6 L50×5 300 1800 重量与实际重量误差较大时,以实际
10 4 L50×5 350 1400 重量为准 ,下同 .
3
注: 1 .如果混凝土的比重大于 23 00 k g/ m 时，应适当减少混凝土的长度，砼标号：C 35 ；
2 .在平衡臂的正、背面，两个侧面和上平面分别用油漆或其他方法标注其实际重量。
33
1300
350+5
50 50
50 50
300
54
230
1
300
2
1100
10
3 9
4
5
H
3 50 0 kg 3 5 00 k g
6
7
186× 17（=3162）*
196× 17（=3332）
8
186*
196
50*
54
50 400 400 400 50
序S/N号数Qty.量 Rebar钢筋长度

Length
总长
Total length
平衡重块 A1
Counter weight
A1 3,500kg
1 4 L50×5 400 1600 3500kg
2 1 φ30 1200 1200
3 2 φ12 1900 3800 混凝土比重
Concrete
specific weight H
4 4 φ12 600+2H 2400+8H kg/m 3 (mm)
5 32 φ10 1300 41600 2300 3410
6 1 钢管φ51×3
Steel pipe φ51x3 1300 1300 2400* 3340*
7 4 L50×5 3410 13640 注:用 E4303焊条将角钢与角钢有角
Note: Weld the angle steel and angle
steel, angle steel and rebar together
8 2 L50×5 1200 2400 钢与 E4303
with 钢筋焊welding
成一体 rod,
后再and浇铸then
砼,pour
the concrete. When there is a major
理论
9 6 L50×5 300 1800 重量与between
error 实际重量误差较大
theoretic 时,以
weight and实际
actual weight, the latter shall prevail.
10 4 L50×5 350 1400 重
The量same
为准 ,下同.
below.
注: 3
注: 1 .如果混凝土的比重大于 23 00 k g/ m 时，应适当减少混凝土的长度，砼标号：C 35 ；
Notes:
2 .在平衡臂的正、背面，两个侧面和上平面分别用油漆或其他方法标注其实际重量。
1 如果混凝土的比重大于 2300kg/m3 时，应适当减小混凝土的长度。砼标号：C35
When the concrete specific weight exceeds 2,300kg/m3, the concrete length
shall be reduced correspondingly. Concrete grade: C35.
2 在平衡重的正背面、两个侧面和上平面分别用油漆标注或其它方法标注其实际重
34
量。
The actual weight of the counter weight shall be marked on its back, two sides
and top surface using the paint or other methods.
平衡重 A2
Counter weight A2
1300
350+5
50 50
50 50
300
53
230
1
300
2
1050
10
3 9
4
5
H
3 0 0 0k g 3 0 00 k g
6
7
180×15=（ 2715） *
189×197=（2835）
8
*
189
180
52
50 400 400 400 50
1 4 L50×5 400 1600 3000kg
2 1 φ 30 1200 1200
3 2 φ 12 1850 3700 混凝土比重 H
4 4 φ 12 600+2H 2400+8H kg/m 3 (mm)
5 28 φ10 1300 36400 2300 2940 *
6 1 钢管φ51×3 1300 1300 2400 * 2820
7 4 L50×5 2940 11760 注 : 用E 430 3焊条将角钢与角钢有角
8 2 L50×5 1200 2400 钢与钢筋焊成一体后再浇铸砼 ,理论
9 6 L50×5 300 1800 重量与实际重量误差较大时,以实际
10 4 L50×5 350 1400 重量为准 ,下同 .
35
1300
350+5
50 50
50 50
300
53
230
1
300
2
1050
10
3 9
4
5
H
3 0 0 0k g 3 0 00 k g
6
7
180×15=（ 2715） *
189×197=（2835）
8
*
189
180
52
50 400 400 400 50

Rebar Total length
序S/N
号数Qty.量钢筋 Length
长度总长平衡重块 A2
Counter weight
A2 3,000kg
1 4 L50×5 400 1600 3000kg
2 1 φ 30 1200 1200
3 2 φ 12 1850 3700 Concrete
混凝土比重
specific weight H
4 4 φ 12 600+2H 2400+8H kg/m 3 (mm)
5 28 φ10 1300 36400 2300 2940 *
6 1 1300
Steel pipe φ51x3
钢管φ51×3 1300 2400 * 2820
7 4 L50×5 2940 11760 Note: Weld the angle steel and angle
注steel,
: 用Eangle
430 3焊条将
steel 角钢
and 与角together
rebar 钢有角
8 2 L50×5 1200 2400 with E4303 welding rod, and then
钢与钢筋焊成一体后再浇铸砼
pour the concrete. When there is ,理a 论
9 6 L50×5 300 1800 重major
量与error
实际 between
重量误差theoretic
较大时,以实际
weight
and actual weight, the latter shall
10 4 L50×5 350 1400 重prevail.
量为准The ,下same
同 . below.
注:
Notes:
量。
36

平衡重 B
Counter weight B
1300
350+5
50 50
50 50
300
54
230
1
300
2
1050
10
3 9
4
5
H
2 5 1 0k g 2 5 1 0k g
6
7
*
188×12=（ 2256）
196×12=（2352）
8
*
196
188
50 *
54
50 400 400 400 50
1 4 L50×5 400 1600 2510kg
2 1 φ 30 1200 1200
3 2 φ 12 1850 3700 混凝土比重 H
4 4 φ 12 600+2H 2400+8H kg/m 3 (mm)
5 22 φ10 1300 28600 2300 * 2460 *
6 1 钢管φ51×3 1300 1300 2400 2360
7 4 L50×5 2460 9840 注 :用 E 4303焊条将角钢与角钢有角
8 2 L50×5 1200 2400 钢与钢筋焊成一体后再浇铸砼,理论
9 6 L50×5 300 1800 重量与实际重量误差较大时 ,以实际
10 4 L50×5 350 1400 重量为准.
37
1300
350+5
50 50
50 50
300
54
230
1
300
2
1050
10
3 9
4
5
H
2 5 1 0k g 2 5 1 0k g
6
7
*
188×12=（ 2256）
196×12=（2352）
8
*
196
188
50 *
54
50 400 400 400 50
号数Qty.量 Rebar
序S/N 钢筋 Length 长度 Total
总 length
长
Counter weight
平衡重块 A2
A2 2,510kg
1 4 L50×5 400 1600 2510kg
2 1 φ 30 1200 1200
3 2 φ 12 1850 3700 Concrete
混凝土比重
specific weight H
4 4 φ 12 600+2H 2400+8H kg/m 3 (mm)
5 22 φ10 1300 28600 2300 * 2460 *
6 1 Steel钢管φ51×3
pipe φ51x3
1300 1300 2400 2360
7 4 L50×5 2460 9840 Note: Weld the angle steel and angle
注steel,
:用 Eangle
4303焊条将and
steel 角钢与角together
rebar 钢有角
8 2 L50×5 1200 2400 with E4303 welding rod, and then
钢与钢筋焊成一体后再浇铸砼,理
pour the concrete. When there is a
论
9 6 L50×5 300 1800 重major
量与 error
实际重量误差 theoretic
between 较大时 ,以weight
实际
and actual weight, the latter shall
10 4 L50×5 350 1400 重prevail.
量为准. The same below.
注
Notes:
量。
38
2.7 附着
Anchoring
2.7.1 说明
Instruction
塔机在超过固定式高度时，必须用附着装置与建筑物连接加固。在某些情况下，需要顶
升一节塔身以便于附着框的安装。在上述情况下，塔机必须停止工作。在顶升过程中，
应从两个侧面检查塔身的垂直度，以免塔身与建筑物间的距离出现偏差。
When the tower crane exceeds the fixed type height, it must be connected and
reinforced with the buildings using the anchoring devices. In some cases, it is required
to jack one section of tower to facilitate the installation of the anchoring frame. In the
above-mentioned condition, the tower crane operation must be stopped. During
jacking, the tower's verticality in two sides shall be checked to avoid distance deviation
between the tower and buildings.
2.7.2 塔机及其附着
Tower crane and its anchoring
表中所示的高度是指基础节到塔身顶节连接面的距离。H 所示的高度是指基础节到吊钩
钩口面的有效距离。
The height given in the table is the distance from the foundation section to the joint
face of the tower top section. The height H is the effective distance from the foundation
section to the mouth surface of the hook.
表中所列的塔身节组合是为了最大限度利用附着框,使最后一道附着框上尽可能地安装
较多的塔身节。
The tower section combination listed in the table is to maximize the utilization of the
anchoring frame, so as to mount the tower sections as many as possible on the last
anchoring frame.
用户负责把附着框连接到建筑物上。在安装时,附着框所受的水平反力可向我们咨询。
The users are responsible for connecting the anchoring frame to the buildings. During
mounting, contact us for the horizontal counterforce suffered by the anchoring frame.
39
40
A. Free B. First B. First C. Second D. Third E. Fourth

height attachment attachment attachment attachment attachment
N2:最后一道附着以上的塔身节数 9
N2: Number of tower sections over the last attachment 9
N1:两道附着间的塔身节数 7
N1: Number of tower sections between two attachments 7
41
42
F. Fifth G. Sixth I. Seventh J. Eighth

attachment attachment attachment attachment
N2:最后一道附着以上的塔身节数 9
N2: Number of tower sections over the last attachment 9
N1:两道附着间的塔身节数 7
N1: Number of tower sections between two attachments 7
43
2.7.3 安装附着装置
Installation of anchoring device
先在安装附着框的塔身横腹杆上用脚手架钢管扎一个井字架,在相同高度楼层的柱或梁
上安装好拉杆铰点。
Tie a well-shape frame with the steel tubes of scaffolds on the lateral web member of
tower on which the anchoring frame is installed first, and set up the tie rod hinge point
on the column or beam at the storey of the same height.
用塔机本身将附着框的两个半梁(1)(2)吊放在井字架上,用4×2个螺栓(3)连接成附着框箍
住塔身(4),前半梁(1)应朝向建筑物,铰耳朝向建筑物,后半梁(2)的铰耳应在塔身两侧。
Lift two half beams (1) (2) of the anchoring frame on the well-shape frame by using the
tower crane, and install 4×2 bolts (3) so that the tower (4) is hooped by the anchoring
frame. Front half beam (1) and its hinge ear shall face the buildings, and the hinge ear
of rear half beam (2) shall be set up at two sides of the tower.
用附着框角上的2×4个调节螺栓(5)把塔身顶牢。检查附着框是否水平,必要时做适当的调
整。
Firmly tighten 2×4 adjusting bolts (5) at the corner of anchoring frame against the
tower. Check whether the anchoring frame is level, and if necessary, adjust it
appropriately.
将可调节的拉杆(6)一端用销轴(7)与附着框连接,另一端与建筑物的柱或梁连接(见图A)。
Connect one end of the adjustable tie rod (6) to the anchoring frame with pin (7), and
the other end to the column or beam of the building (see Figure A).
用经纬仪测量塔身垂直度,并调整拉杆的长度,使安装附着后的塔身垂直度误差在3/1000
以内。
Measure the verticality of tower with a theodolite and adjust the tie rod length to control
the verticality error within 3/1,000 after installing the anchoring device.
注：本说明书提供的附墙方案参数，是按下图“附墙安装示意图”尺寸计算，如果实际安
装尺寸与本说明书所提供尺寸有较大出入，请向我公司设计部门或者向具有相关资质的
设计单位咨询。
Note: The parameters in respect of anchoring wall provided in the Instructions
are calculated according to the dimensions given in the following “Schematic
Diagram of Anchoring Wall Installation”. In case of significant deviation between
actual installation dimensions and those given in the Instructions, please
contact our design department or relevant qualified design unit.
44
建筑物承载表
Building load sheet
载荷建筑物承载力（KN）
Load Bearing capacity of building
工况 (KN)
Case Rx1 Ry1 Rx2 Ry2
工作状态
-222 69 91 45
In service
非工作状态
-401 205 267 148
Out of service
45
技术要求
技术要求
Technical Requirements
1. On the transverse web member of tower where the
anchoring frame is installed, use the mao bamboo or
steel tubes of scaffolds to assemble one well-shape
frame, and embed the anchor bolts and connecting
plates on the floors with the same height;
2. Use the hook of tower crane to lift two half beams
F. Fifth onto well-shape frame, and make up a mouth shape
to hoop the tower.
attachment 3. Install the tie rods I& II, and connect them with the
anchoring frame with the pin shafts.
4. Measure the verticality of the tower with a theodolite;
respectively weld tie-rod I & II onto the connecting
plate; control the tower verticality error within 3/1,000;
5. The anchoring frame shall be delivered according to
the order contract; tie-rod shall be prepared by the
user itself, or can be fabricated by our company upon
entrustment.
Pin shaft
7 4
Φ50
Assem
6 Half beam 2
bly
Supplied
Assem
5 Tie rod II 2 by the
bly
user
Supplied
Assem
4 Tie rod I 2 by the
bly
user
Embedded
parts for
Assem
3 double ear 2
bly
connecting
plate
Supplied
2 Level
2 Nut M27 by the
4 8.8
user
Supplied
Embedded 1 Level
1 by the
bolt M27 2 8.8
user
Q
附墙安装示意图 S/N Description
t
y
Materi
al
Remarks
.
Schematic Diagram of Anchoring Wall Installation
46
技术要求
Technical
技术要求
Requirements
1. Quenching
and tempering
hardness
HB241-286
2. Material 40 Cr
1. 预埋螺栓
Embedded bolts
47
Material: Q345B
2. 双耳连接板预埋件
Embedded parts for double-ear connecting plate
48
49
Left adjusting nut
Adjusting screw
Locking nut
Right adjusting nut
Channel steel
C18 assembled
Channel steel
material Q345B
Connecting
ear plate
3. 拉杆Ⅰ（槽钢的长度可根据实际情况进行小幅度的适当调整）
Tie rod I (channel steel length can be adjusted slightly according to actual
situation)
50
51
Left adjusting nut
Adjusting screw
Locking nut
Right adjusting nut
Channel steel
C18 assembled
Channel steel
material Q345B
Connecting
ear plate
4. 拉杆Ⅱ（槽钢的长度可根据实际情况进行小幅度的适当调整）
Tie rod II (channel steel length can be adjusted slightly according to actual
situation)
52
Part 1 Part 2
Material 45 Material
Q345B
5. 左调节螺母
Left adjusting nut
53
6. 调节螺杆(螺杆材质为 45)
Adjusting screw (material 45)
7. 锁紧螺母(螺母材质为 45)
Locking nut (material 45)
54
Material 45 Material Q345B
8. 右调节螺母
Right adjusting nut
55
Material Q345B
9. 连接耳板
Connecting ear plate
56
第三章用汽车吊安装塔机说明及塔机主要部件重量
Chapter III Installation Instructions of Tower Crane with Truck
Crane and Weight of Main Components for Tower Crane
3.1 重量和高度
Weight and height
hm: 塔机安装后各部分的理论高度
hm: Theoretical height of parts after the tower crane is erected.
C R hm Hm Pkg±5%
1 a 3885
6.50 10.2 b 672
c 4819
2 15.5 17.85 6123
3 15.5 17.85 7273
4 24.5 25.5 6123
5 33.5 6123
6 18.03 22.1 6279
7 29.5 4434
8m
8 21.92 25.5 (1) 7853

9a * 22.06 25.5 (1) 6833 (3)
9b * 22.06 25.5 (1) 7522 (3)
9c * 22.06 25.5 (1) 8211 (3)
9d * 22.06 25.5 (1) 8900 (3)
9e * 22.06 25.5 (1) 9589 (3)
9f * 22.06 25.5 (1) 10012 (3)
9g * 22.06 25.5 (1) 10701 (3)
10 * 22.5 25.5 3500 (2)
11 * 22.3 25.5 2510 (2)
● 移动汽车吊
Mobile truck crane
(1)根据塔机高度加高9m或18m (2)混凝土块重量 (3)吊臂
(1) Increasing 9m or 18m in height according to the height of tower crane; (2) Weight of
concrete block; (3) Lifting jib.
C:部件号 R:幅度 Hm:高度 Pkg:重量
C: Part No. R: Range Hm: Height Pkg: Weight
57
58
3.2 通道
Channel
59
A Ladder B Platform
First standard section
Second
第二标准节 standard section
Cage
Cage assembly
Jacking cage
Upper platform
Lower platform
Cross beam
Cylinder and
hydraulic system
60
3.3 塔头
Tower head
61
Tower head
Tower cap
Cab
Tie rod
Transitional
section
Slewing support
assembly
Slewing support
Guide rail
62
3.4 平衡臂
Counter jib
63
Counter jib
assembly
Counter jib
Railing
Tie rod
64
3.5 起重臂
Hoisting jib
40m 45m 50m 55m 60m 65m 70m A

6833 7522 8211 8900 9589 1001 1070 B cm kg
kg kg kg kg kg 2kg 1kg C
1-起重臂根部节总 766 2003
成
1-hoitsting jib root
section assembly
1a-起重臂根部节 156 1136
1a- hoistting jib root * * * * * * *
section
1b-拉杆 138 352
1b-tie rod
1c-小车牵引机构 515
1c-trolley traction
mechanism
2-起重臂2节总成 766 1238
2- two-section
assembly of
hoisting jib
2a-起重臂2节 156 886
2a-two-section of * * * * * * *
hoisting jib
2b-拉杆 138 352
2b-tie rod
3-起重臂3节总成 766 1268
3- three-section
assembly of
hoisting jib
3a-起重臂3节 156 1052
3a-three-section of * * * * * * *
hoisting jib
3b-拉杆及双联接头 138 216
3b-tie rod and
double joint
4-起重臂4节总成 766 1163
4-four-section
assembly of
hoisting jib
4a-起重臂4节 156 811
4a-four-section of * * * * * * *
hoisting jib
4b-拉杆 138 352
4b-tie rod
5-起重臂5节总成 516 689
5-five-section
assembly of
hoisting jib
5a-起重臂5节 156 543
5a-five-section of * * * * * *
hoisting jib
5b-拉杆 138 146
5b-tie rod
65
40m 45m 50m 55m 60m 65m 70m A

6833 7522 8211 8900 9589 1001 1070 B cm kg
kg kg kg kg kg 2kg 1kg C
6-起重臂6节总成 516 689
6-sixth section
assembly of
hoisting jib
6a-起重臂6节 156 543
6a- sixth section of * * * *
hoisting jib
6b-拉杆 138 146
6b-tie rod
7-起重臂7节总成 516 689
7-seven-section
assembly of
hoisting jib
7a-起重臂7节 156 543
7a-seven-section of * * *
hoisting jib
7b-拉杆 138 146
7b-tie rod
8-起重臂8节总成 516 689
8-eight-section
assembly of
hoisting jib
8a-起重臂8节 156 543
8a-eight-section of *
hoisting jib
8b-拉杆 138 146
8b-tie rod
9-起重臂9节总成 766 801
9-nine-section
assembly of
hoisting jib
9a-起重臂9节 156 762
9a-nine-section of * * * * * * *
hoisting jib
9b-双联接头 138 39
9b-double joint
10-起重臂10节 516-1 423
10-ten-section of * * 56-13
hoisting jib 5
11-起重臂11节 516-1 423
11-eleven-section * * * * 56-13
of hoisting jib 5
12-起重臂12节 311-1 256
12-twelve-section * * * * * * * 56-13
of hoisting jib 5
13-牵引小车 159-1 336
* * * * * * *
13-hauling trolley 74-78
14-钢丝绳 * * * * * * * 34
14-wire rope
66
67
68
第四章塔机的安装
Chapter IV Tower Crane Erection
4.1 安装程序
Procedure of installation
4.1.1 引言
Introduction
本安装程序可以以最快速度将塔机安装到能顶升位置。
The tower crane can be installed to the jacking position through this procedure as
quick as possible.
安装时需要一辆辅助汽车吊,其起重特性必须适应起吊塔机部件的需要。妥善安排安装和
装配程序,合理安排安装人员,恰当布置道路和安装场地,则能最大限度的减少辅助吊车的
现场使用时间。顶升前的安装过程可不需要电力。本章的目的是使用户熟悉总体安装操
作方法,所涉及的部件及其详细装配见有关章节。
An auxiliary truck crane is necessary for erection, of which the hoisting characteristics
must meet demands for parts of the lifting tower crane. Procedures of erection and
assembly shall be prepared carefully, installation personnel shall be assigned properly,
and the road and installation site shall be arranged appropriately to reduce on-site
application time of auxiliary crane as much as possible. Electricity is unnecessary in
the installation process before jacking. This chapter aims to make users be familiarized
with general methods of erection and operation. See relevant chapters for parts
involved and their detailed assembling methods.
4.1.2 安装总则
General provisions of erection
1) 使用汽车吊安装塔机时必须注意安全,为此:支牢汽车吊,严禁超载,吊具良好,按被吊
物的重量选择正确的幅度。
Safety must be emphasized in erection of tower crane with truck crane. To this
end, the truck crane must be held firmly, overload be prohibited and lifting tools
be in good state. Proper radius shall be selected in accordance with weight of
parts lifted.
2) 安装作业必须按说明顺序进行。
Installation operation must be carried out in described sequence.
3) 必须安装并使用安全防护设施,如爬梯,平台,护栏,安全带等等。
Safety protection facilities such as climbing ladder, platform, railing, safety belts,
etc. must be installed and applied.
4) 平衡臂上未装上配重时,严禁吊载。
Lifting is prohibited if the counter-jib is not provided with counter-weight.
5) 风速超过13m/s（相当于6级风）时,严禁顶升。
Jacking is prohibited when the wind speed exceeds 13m/s (equivalent to strong
breeze).
6) 顶升作业前,必须用销轴连接好回转下支承架和顶升套架并加开口销。
Prior to jacking operation, lower slewing support frame and jacking outer cage
must be connected with pin shafts and cotter pins must be placed in place.
7) 必须根据起重臂长度确定配重数量(见相应章节)。
Quantity of counter-weight must be determined in accordance with jib length
(see corresponding chapters).
69
8) 顶升前,须将起重臂转至顶升套架开口处(即引入塔身标准节的一侧).
Prior to jacking, the hoisting jib must be turned to opening of the jacking outer
cage (that is one side of standard section of the tower).
9) 起吊或落下塔身标准节时,要尽可能靠近塔身。
In lifting or lowering standard section of the tower, the standard section must be
as close to the tower as possible.
10) 塔身顶升过程中,严禁回转起重臂,开动变幅小车及使用吊钩(升或降)。
In jacking of the tower, it is prohibited to slew the hoisting jib, move the travelling
trolley and lift slowly with hook.
11) 操作室内用户应自备适当的二氧化碳干粉灭火器。
Appropriate dry powder carbon dioxide fire extinguisher shall be provided inside
the operating room by users themselves.
本总则适用塔机的安装,加节,拆卸。在安装过程中若遇特殊问题或其它困难,请立即与我
厂销售部门联系。
The general provisions are applicable for erection, section adding and removal of
tower crane. If there are any special problems or other difficulties in erection, please
contact the sales department of our Company immediately.
4.2 安装
Erection
将塔身第一节(1)吊放在预埋螺栓基础节上。用4×2只销轴(2)连
接。
Lift the first section of tower (1) on the foundation section with
embedded bolts, and then connect it with 4x2 pin shafts (2).
将三节标准节依次装在塔身第一节上用4×2只
销轴连接并用安全销固定。
Erect three standard sections on the first section of tower one
by one, connect them with 4x2 pin shafts, and then fix them
with safety pins.
组装塔身外套架,必要时应装上油缸和顶升横梁,
然后吊起整个部件。将外套架套入塔身标准节外。
Assemble the outer cage of tower. If necessary, install the cylinder and
jacking cross beam, and then lift the whole part. Install the outer cage
outside the tower standard section.
将导轨组装在回转下支承架上,将吊具安装在回转
上支承架上,并将其吊起。
Install the guide rail on the lower slewing support
frame, mount the slings on upper slewing
support frame, and then lift the whole part.
70
将回转支承架总成吊放到塔身标准节上,如果顶升套架已正确就位,
即可将回转下支承架连接耳板插入套架主弦杆耳板内(可以使用橇
棍帮助就位),然后将回转下支承架主弦杆插入塔身鱼尾板并用销轴
将其与下回转支承架连接。
Lift the slewing support frame assembly on the tower standard
section. After the jacking outer cage has been installed in place,
insert the connecting ear plate of the lower slewing support frame
into the ear plate of outer cage’s main chord (it may be placed in
position using a crowbar), and then insert main chord of lower
slewing support frame into fish plate of tower, and connect it with
lower slewing support frame via pin shafts.
用4×1只销轴将塔帽与过渡节架连接起来。将塔顶平台、护栏和
臂架长、短拉杆的双耳连接板各2件,以及平衡臂拉杆的双耳连接
板2件和两条平衡臂拉杆分别组装到塔头上。
Connect the tower cap with the transitional section via 4x1 pin
shaft. Assemble tower top platform, railing, two double-ear
connecting plates of long and short tie rods of jib, two
double-ear connecting plates of tie rod of counter jib and two
tie rods of counter-jib on the tower head respectively.
将塔头立起,并在其顶部安装吊具,然后吊放到回转上支承架上。
用4×2根销轴将过渡节架与回转上支承架连接起来。
Keep the tower head up-right, install the sling on its top, and
lift it on the upper slewing support frame. Connect the
transitional section with upper slewing support frame via 4x2
pin shafts.
71
将走台、护栏和其余的平衡臂拉杆及起
升机构组装到平衡臂上，利用4个专用吊
点板将吊具固定在平衡臂上,并将其吊
起来。
Assemble the platform, railing,
remaining counter jib’s tie rod and
hoisting winch on the counter jib, fix
the sling on the counter jib with 4
special lifting-point plates and lift it.
将平衡臂就位,用销轴将其与塔头连接。
Place the counter jib in position, and
connect it with tower head via pin shaft.
吊起平衡臂,使其倾斜一定角度,然后将平
衡臂拉杆与事先已装在塔头顶上的拉杆用
销轴连接起来。平衡臂安装完毕后,按第87
页说明安装部分平衡重。
Lift the counter jib in such a way that it
tilts to a certain angle. Connect the tie
rod of counter jib with the tie rod installed
on the tower top via pin shafts. After the
counter jib is installed, install partial
counter weights as described in page 87.
在起重臂上弦杆穿钢丝绳,对于各种长
度的起重臂都有相应的吊具位置。
Reeve the wire rope on upper chord
of hoisting jib. Corresponding
positions of lifting slings are provided
for the hoisting jib of different
lengths.
72
吊起起重臂使其略有倾斜,然后用销轴
将其与塔头连接。
Lift the hoisting jib and keep it tilted
slightly. Connect it with the tower head
via pin shafts.
利用安装在塔头上的张紧器,卷绕钢丝绳
提升拉杆(1)。
Use the tensioner on the tower head to
wind up the wire rope so as to lift the tie
rod (1).
按照所定的起重臂长度,逐块安装平衡重
块。
Install the counter weights one by one
according to the specified length of
hoisting jib.
塔机在基本高度上的安装到此结束,不再需要辅助吊车。现在可穿绕各种钢丝绳了。小车
牵引钢丝绳的穿绕方法见第四章第11节。接通电源后,如果条件允许,可以开始顶升塔机
(参见说明)。顶升前必须检查塔身标准节和通道的装配情况。有关顶升操作见第四章13、
14、15节。
Erection of tower crane at basic height is completed, and no auxiliary crane is required.
Now, the wire rope winding can be conducted. See Section 11 of Chapter IV for
winding method of traction wire rope for trolley. After the power supply is connected, if
possible, the tower crane may be jacked whereafter (refer to the instructions). Check
the assembly conditions of tower standard section and channel prior to jacking. Refer
to the Sections 13, 14 and 15 of Chapter IV for jacking operation.
73
74
顶升作业包括三个阶段:
The jacking operation includes three phases:
顶升前塔机的准备工作见第四章13节；塔机
的配平见第四章14节；顶升见第四章15节。
Refer to the Section 13 of Chapter IV for
preparation before jacking the tower crane.
Refer to the Section 14 of Chapter IV for
balancing of tower crane. Refer to the
Section 15 of Chapter IV for jacking
operation.
顶升前塔机的准备工作包括安装顶升辅助装
置和检查液压系统。可通过移动小车和吊起适
当的载荷以保持塔机的平衡。连续顶升数次,
使回转下支承架和塔身之间有足够的空间,以
便引入标准节。如图A所示。
Preparation before jacking the tower crane
includes the installation of auxiliary jacking
devices and check of hydraulic system. The
tower crane may maintain its balance by
moving the trolley and lifting proper loads.
Continuously jack it several times so that
there is enough space between lower
slewing support frame and tower to insert
the standard section. See the Figure A.
图B,将塔身标准节引入套架。
Install the cage outside the tower standard
section as shown in Figure B.
图C,开始重复顶升工作。
Start to repeat the jacking operation as
shown in Figure C.
塔机顶升到所需工作高度时即可投入使用。
The tower crane can be put into service
when it is jacked up to required height.
75
4.3 安装塔身标准节
Installation of tower standard section
4.3.1 塔身的组成
Composition of tower
塔身由若干标准节组合而成。由片状的4片塔身片利用螺栓连接成截面为2.1m的塔身标
准节架。安装说明详见第54页。这些塔身标准节架的组合只用于固定式的独立高度.对于
较高的塔机,需在塔身部分加强,详见第二章第五节说明.对于内爬塔机,参见专用说明书。
至于没有提到的其它情况,请与我们销售部联系。
The tower is consisted of several standard sections. 4 tower sheets are connected as
a tower standard section of 2.1m cross section via the bolts. Refer to page 54 for
installation instruction. The combination of tower standard sections is applicable for
independent height for fixed crane only. For the higher tower crane, it is required to
reinforce the tower. See the Section 5 of Chapter II for details. For the internal climbing
type tower crane, refer to the special instructions. For the others not mentioned herein,
please contact our sales department.
76
4.3.2 塔身片的装配
Assembly of tower sheet
一个塔身标准节架由4片组成:带有凸耳的两片(1和2);不带凸耳的两片(3和4)。带有平台
固定套管的塔身片必须面对面安置。塔身片由20只专用的螺栓装配(套筒扳手),在任何情
况下螺栓头部必须朝外。用8个销轴(5)将上下塔身节彼此安装在一起,再用4个固定销(6)
分别将8个销轴(5)按每2个互相联在一起。
One tower standard section is consisted of 4 sheets: 2 sheets with lugs (1 and 2); 2
sheets without lugs (3 and 4). Tower sheet with platform fixing sleeve must be placed
face to face. Tower sheet is assembled with 20 special bolts (tightened with socket
wrench); in all cases, bolt head must face outward. Upper and lower tower sections
shall be installed together each other with 8 pin shafts (5), and every two pin shafts
among 8 pin shafts (5) shall be linked together each other with 4 fixing pins (6).
按手册的说明安装一套爬梯及休息平台。
One climbing ladder and rest platform shall be installed as described in the
instructions.
77
4.3.3 安装塔身标准节
Installation of tower standard section
吊起组装好后的塔身节,检查鱼尾板表面和销孔是否清洁,然后将其放在塔身第一节架上。
用4×2只销轴在(1)处将该部件安装好。用安全销(3)紧固。连续在塔身第一节架上安装三
节标准节。
Lift the assembled tower sections, check the fish plate surface and pin hole for
cleanness, and then put them on the first section of the tower. Install the part at point
(1) with 4 × 2 pin shafts. Fasten them with safety pins (3). Continuously install three
standard sections on the first section of the tower.
在固定基础节上安装时,与底盘上安装方法相同。
The installation on fixed foundation section is the same as the installation on the
chassis.
4.4 安装通道
Installation of Channel
4.4.1 引言
Introduction
先在地面上将爬梯安装在塔身节上,便于在顶升时将一节完整的塔身吊放到引进导轨上，
共使用三种不同形式的通道:
Firstly, mount the climbing ladder on the tower section on the ground, thus to facilitate
lifting of full tower section onto introduction guide rail during jacking. Three different
forms of the channels will be used in total:
通道A: 标准节爬梯
78
Channel A: with Railing.

通道B: 第一节架爬梯
Channel B: climbing ladder of first section.
通道C: 回转支承段爬梯
Channel C: climbing ladder of slewing support segment
标准节爬梯数与标准节的数量相同，下表为塔机起升高度95m时爬梯的分布示例。下页
给出各种形式的通道的安装细节。
The number of climbing ladders for standard section is the same as the number of
standard sections. Following table shows the distribution of climbing ladders when the
lifting height of tower crane is 95m. Next page gives installation details of the various
forms of channels.
4.4.2 通道的使用图表
Channel usage chart
标准节爬梯安装在塔身中间的上端的横腹杆上。
The climbing ladder of standard section shall be mounted on horizontal web member
at top end of the middle of tower section.
79
4.4.3 通道的安装
Channel installation
A通道:
Channel A:
将塔身节立放,然后将塔身节截面内的斜拉杆(1)安装在塔身连接板上,用2×1个螺栓(3)固
定好。
Place the tower section vertically, install the inclined tie rod (1) in the cross-section of
tower section on the connecting plate of tower, and then tighten it with 2x1 bolts (3).
检查爬梯尾端是否平直(不要弄弯)。用人力将爬梯放在塔身节里,将爬梯顶部耳板(2)的长
孔与标准节上端横腹杆上的耳板用螺栓连接。
Check whether the end of the climbing ladder is flat and straight (not bent). Place the
climbing ladder in the tower section manually, and connect the slotted hole on the top
lug plate (2) of the ladder with the lug plate on upper transverse web member of
standard section via bolts.
将休息平台(4)插入塔身节腹杆上的套管(5)内加以固定，第一个休息平台设在约12.5米
处，以后每3个标准节设置一个。
Insert the rest platform (4) into the sleeve (5) on the tower transverse web member and
tighten it. Arrange the first rest platform at about 12.5m, and then set up one rest
platform for every 3 standard sections.
为了防止安装时爬梯在塔身里摆动,可使用一根绳索或铁丝加以固定，平放在塔身标准节
架的横腹杆上。
In order to prevent climbing ladder against swinging inside the tower during
installation, fix it with a rope or iron wire, and put it on the transverse web member of
tower standard section horizontally.
80
81
Part 2
Ladder retainer
4.5 安装顶升外套架
Installation of jacking outer cage
4.5.1 构造简介及重量
Structure introduction and weight
顶升套架共包括：顶升套架（1），套架上平台（2）和套架下平台（3），顶升横梁（4），
顶升油缸（5），活动平台（6）
Jacking cage includes in total: jacking cage (1), upper cage platform (2) and lower
cage platform (3), jacking cross beam (4), jacking cylinder (5) and movable platform
(6).
下表中列出了顶升套架的主要零部件的重量。
The following table lists the weights of major components of jacking cage.
序号数量重量(kg）
S/N Qty. Weight (kg)
1 1 4935
2 3 400
3 4 432
4 1 556
5 1 950
6 1 58
合计
7331
Total
82
4.5.2 在地面组装外套架
Ground assembly of outer cage
检查顶升横梁及油缸是否已安装在外套架上，否则，将油缸安装在顶升套架上（活塞杆
向下），并用销轴将其与顶升套架连接，装上顶升横梁，用销轴将其连接在油缸上。照图
A 将吊具装在顶升外套架上，紧固吊具并将顶升套架放正。
Check whether jacking cross beam and cylinder have been installed on the outer cage,
otherwise, install the cylinder on outer cage (with piston rod facing down), and connect
it with jacking cage via pin shaft, mount jacking cross beam, and connect it with
cylinder via pin shaft. Mount sling on jacking outer cage as shown in Figure A, fasten
sling and align jacking cage.
吊装平台和护栏组件：将平台（1）、（2）和（3）处用 φ30×95 地销轴与套架连接。关
于套架下平台的安放见图 B。
Lifting of platform and Railing components: connect the platforms (1) (2) and (3) to the
cage withφ30×95 pin shaft. See Figure B for placement of lower cage platform.
套架上平台的安放见图 C。（其中活动平台（4）安装在外套架开口的另一侧），装上平台
（2）和（5）处用 φ30×95 地销轴与套架连接。活动平台用 4 只 M16×40 螺栓连接。
See Figure C for placement of upper cage platform. The movable platform (4) is
mounted at one side of the opening of outer cage. Connect the installed platforms (2)
and (5) to the cage withφ30×95 pin shaft. Connect the movable platform with four
M16×40 bolts.
装上护栏（6）用开口销在（7）处固定。用固定夹板（8）将护栏连接在一一起。活动
平台（4）在顶升加节时应拆卸至地面，加节完毕后，用塔机吊钩吊装安放好，便于安装
人员拆卸标准节上的销轴。
Fix the installed railing (6) with cotter pin at point (7). Connect the railings together with
fixed clamp plate (8). Remove the movable platform (4) onto the ground during jacking
and section adding. Upon completion of section adding, lift it via tower crane hook and
83
place it in position to facilitate removal of pin shaft on standard section.
4.5.3 吊装顶升外套架
Lifting of jacking outer cage
将顶升外套架吊起,套在已装好的塔身标准节外,将顶升横梁锁紧在顶升凸耳上。要严密注
意套架和横梁在起吊安装中通过塔身凸耳水平位置时的情况,以防止任何碰撞事故。
Lift jacking outer cage and mount it outside the assembled tower standard section.
Lock the jacking cross beam on the jacking lug. During lifting and installation of cage
and cross beam, care must be taken when they are passing through horizontal position
of tower lug to prevent any collision.
4.5.4 为便于顶升,在外套架内侧装有导向轮,滚轮轨道为塔身主角钢,顶升时将导轮和塔身调至
符合要求时,才能开始顶升。顶升完毕后要将间隙调大,以防止在吊载时,塔身将弯矩和扭
84
矩通过导向轮传给外套架,使外套架和回转下支承之间连接座承受过大的载荷,发生事故,
故将导向轮设计成可调的,在外套架正向和两侧面滚轮(如图1)可以通过调整螺栓的进退,
调整导轮与主角钢的间隙,外套架后面即有顶升机构一面的滚轮(如图2),在顶升时,滚轮位
置在图示1处,通过调正面和侧面滚轮来调整其间隙,而顶升完毕后将滚轮安装在2处上,同
时将其它滚轮与主角钢的间隙调大,确保安全。
For jacking, a guide pulley is provided in the outer cage. The rail is the main angle
steel of tower. The guide pulley and tower must be adjusted as require prior to jacking.
Upon completion of jacking, the gap must be widened to prevent the tower transmitting
the bending moment and torque to outer cage via guide pulley, or the connecting base
between outer cage and lower slewing support will undertake excessive load thus to
cause a accident. Therefore, the guide pulley shall be designed as an adjustable one
so that the pulley at front and side of outer cage (as shown in Figure 1) may move
forward and backward by adjusting the bolts. Through gap adjustment between guide
pulley and main angle steel, the roller at the rear of outer cage (i.e. on the side where
jacking mechanism is located) is placed at point 1 as shown in the figure during
jacking, and the gap is adjusted through adjustment of rollers at front and side faces.
Upon completion of jacking, install the roller at point 2, and widen the gap between
other rollers and main angle steel to ensure the safety.
85
Guide
pulley
Outer cage Tower
Tower
Outer
cage
Adjusting Guide
bolt pulley
Figure 1 Figure 2
4.6 安装回转支承
Installation of slewing support
回转支承组件包括:回转下支承架(1),回转支承(2),回转上支承架(3),通道爬梯(4),，两根导
轨(5)，回转电机（6）
The slewing support assembly includes: lower slewing support frame (1), slewing
support (2), upper slewing support frame (3), climbing ladder of channel (4), two guide
rails (5) and slewing motor (6).
下表给出主要部件的重量,在搬运和运输过程中可将回转支承组件拆散。
The following table gives the weight of main components. The slewing support
assembly may be disassembled for handling and transportation.
86
序号数量重量（Kg）
S/N Qty. Weight (kg)
1 1 2737
2 1 827
3 1 2015
4 2 2×251
5 1 16
6 2 2×168
合计
6433
Total
4.6.2 组装回转支承
Assembly of slewing support
装配回转支承:将回转支承(1)与下回转支承架(2)用40个M27×230的高强度螺栓连接起
来,将回转支承(1)与上回转支承架(3)(带回转机构)用40个M27×230的高强度螺栓连接起
来。螺栓的预紧扭矩为1350N.m,采取双螺母拧紧。
Assembly of slewing support: connect the slewing support (1) and lower slewing
support frame (2) with 40 M27×230 high-strength bolts, and connect slewing support
(1) and upper slewing support frame (3) (with slewing mechanism) with 40 M27×230
high-strength bolts. The tightening torque of bolt is 1,350N.m, and double-nuts shall be
used to tighten and lock it.
装配通道爬梯:用2个M12×25的螺栓将爬梯与上回转支承架连接。
Assembly of climbing ladder of channel: connect the ladder and upper slewing support
frame with two M12×25 bolts.
装配导轨:用4根Φ25×134销轴(4)将导轨(5)固定在回转下支承架上。
Assembly of guide rail: fix the guide rail (5) on lower slewing support frame with four
Φ25×134 pin shafts (4).
87
4.6.3 吊装回转支承总成
Lifting of slewing support assembly
照图A在回转支承总成(1)上装两根8米吊具(2),将吊绳的有环端穿入销轴(3)。吊起回转支
承时,可在它的上面系一根牵引绳。照图B将回转支承吊放到塔身节上,导轨应位于顶升套
架开口侧。
Install two 8m slings (2) on the slewing support assembly (1) as shown in Figure A, and
pass the end with ring of rope through the pin shaft (3). When lifting the slewing
support assembly, tie a traction rope on it. Lift and place the slewing support assembly
on the tower section as shown in Figure B. The guide rail shall be located at opening
side of jacking cage.
用销轴(5)连接回转支承(1)和塔身节,照图C用安全销(6)和开口销(7)固定,然后拆掉吊具。
Connect the slewing support (1) with tower section via pin shafts (5), fix them with
safety pins (6) and cotter pins (7) as shown in Figure C, and then remove the sling.
88
4.7 安装塔头
Installation of tower head
塔头组件包括:塔帽(1);带护栏的走台(2);驾驶室(3);带护栏的走台(4)和过渡节(5)
Tower head assembly includes: tower cap (1), platform with railing (2), cab (3),
platform with railing (4) and transitional section (5).
下表列出各主要部件的重量,在运输和搬运过程中可将塔头组件拆开。
The following table shows the weight of main components. The tower head assembly
may be disassembled for transportation and handling.
89
序号数量重量
S/N Qty. Weight
1 1
1937
2 1
3 1 310
4 1
1634
5 1
合计
3881
Total
4.7.2 组装塔头
Assembly of tower head
将塔帽和过渡节用4根Φ65×235销轴(1)连接起来,并插开口销定位。
Connect the tower head with transitional section via four Φ65×235 pin shafts (1), and
fix them with cotter pins.
将驾驶室吊装到过渡节人字腹杆一侧顶部用两根Φ25×70的销轴(3)连接。
Lift the cab at one side of herringbone web member of transitional section, and then
connect it with two Φ25×70 pin shafts (3) at its top.
将驾驶室走台放在驾驶室的门口处,用4根Φ25×70的销轴(3)和开口销(4)将其固定在过渡
节上。
Place the platform of cab at the door, and fix it on transitional section with four Φ25×70
90
pin shafts (3) and cotter pins (4).

将护栏安装在走台上,护栏之间用固定夹板(5)和螺栓（6）连接起来。
Install the railing on the platform. The railings are connected via fixed clap plate (5) and
bolt (6).
4.7.3 安装塔头
Installation of tower head
照图A将一根4m吊具(2)固定在塔头(1)上,吊具应成4倍绳穿过销轴(3)。
Fix a 4m sling (2) on the tower head (1) as shown in Figure A. The 4-fall sling shall
pass through the pin shaft (3).
照图B将塔头放到回转上支承架连接座中,用4×2根Φ45的销轴和开口销(5)将其连接起
来。
Put the tower head into connecting base of upper slewing support frame as shown in
Figure B, and fix it with 4x2 Φ45 pin shafts and cotter pins (5).
91
4.8 装配起重臂及平衡臂
Installation of hoisting jib and counter jib
4.8.1 引言
Introduction
起重臂和平衡臂的安装应根据所需的臂长进行组合。以下各页详细给出了有关起重臂和
平衡臂的长度,各种销轴的类型、尺寸和数量以及拉杆长度等。
The hoisting jib and counter jib shall be installed and combined corresponding to the
required jib length. The following table gives the length of hoisting jib and counter jib,
and type, dimension and quantity of different pin shafts, length of tie rod, etc.
下表给出了不同类型的销轴，提请安装时注意。
The following table shows the different types of pin shafts. Care must be taken during
installation.
92
Pin shaft Pin shaft with

sleeve Pin shaft
A B C
臂长 70 米时：
At 70m jib length:
销轴尺寸标注：φ×L－a
Size marking of pin shaft: φ×L-a
起重臂连接用销轴
Pin shaft for connection of hoisting jib
连接部位类型尺寸标注数量
Connecting part Type Size marking Qty.
臂架铰点
A φ65×190－282 2
Hinge point of jib
B φ55×117－170 6
臂架下弦杆 φ50×112－155 4
Lower chord of jib φ50×100－140 8
φ50×94－135 6
臂架上弦杆 C φ60×110－176 10
Upper chord of jib
93
4.8.2 塔机回转部分的说明
Instruction of slewing part of tower crane
70m
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 8
15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 5m 3m
65m
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 6 7 7 8
15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m
60m
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 6 7 8
15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m
55m
1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8
15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m
50m
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m
45m
1 2 3 4 5 6 8
15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 7.5m 3m
40m
1 2 3 4 6 8
15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 3m
94
4.8.3 平衡臂的装配
Assembly of counter jib
φ50×114
φ50×114
3
φ50×114
φ50×145
2
1880
φ50×120
φ40×82
15.88m
7.26m 0.28m
1.72m
7.26m
1 2
95
4.8.4 起重臂的组合
Combination of hoisting jib
□96 □86 □80
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 8
70m
□108 □96 □86 □80
□86 □80
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 6 7 7 8
65m
□108 □96 □86 □80
□96 □86 □80
1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 7 8
60m
□108 □96 □86 □80
□96 □86 □80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8
55m
□108 □96 □86 □80
□96 □86 □80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
50m
□108 □96 □86 □80
□96 □80
1 2 3 4 5 6 8
45m
□108 □96 □86 □80
□96 □80
1 2 3 4 6 8
40m
□108 □96 □86 □80
96
4.8.5 起重臂的连接
Connection of hoisting jib
φ60 176
70m
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 8
B
φ55 170 φ50 155 φ50 140 φ50 135
φ65 190
φ60 176
A
65m
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 8
B
φ55 170 φ50 155 φ50 140 φ50 135
φ65 190
φ60 176
A
60m
1 2 3 4 5 5 5 6 7 8
B
φ 55 170 φ50 155 φ50 140 φ 50 135
φ 65 190
φ 60 176
A
55m
1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8
B
φ 55 170 φ50 140 φ 50 135
φ 65 190 φ 50 155
φ 60 176
A
50m
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B
φ55 170 φ50 140 φ50 135 A
φ65 190 φ50 155
φ60 176
A
45m
1 2 3 4 5 6 8
B
φ55 170 φ 50 140
φ65 190 φ50 155 φ50 135
φ60 176
B
A
40m
1 2 3 4 6 8
B
φ55 170 φ 50 140
φ 65 190 φ50 1 35
97
4.8.6 起重臂拉杆的装配
Assembly of tie rod for hoisting jib
1 00
0 365
0
6 1 20
×5
1 20 495
0 0× 4
37 6
0 1 20 0
61 2
0×
2
70m
12 0
100 0
0 36 5 0
6 12
0× 5
1 20
0 4 95 0
37 6 ×3
0 1200
61 2
0×
2
65、60m
12 0
0
10 0 0
3 65 0
61 2 0
×5
1 20
0 4 95 0
37 6 ×2
0 1 20 0
61 2
0×
2
55m
12 0
0
100
0 36
50
6120
×5
1 20
0 4950
36 7
0 1200
61 2
0×
2
50、45m
12 0
0
1 00 0
3650
61 2 0
×5
1 20
0
36 7
0 1200
61 2
0×
2
40m
12 0
0
98
4.8.7 起重臂幅度指示牌
Radius indicator of hoisting jib
A B C D E F G H I
●70m R 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
●65m R 10 20 30 40 50 60 65
●60m R 10 20 30 40 50 60
●55m R 10 20 30 40 50 55
●50m R 10 20 30 40 50
●45m R 10 20 30 40 45
●40m R 10 20 30 40
● : 起重臂 R : 幅度
Hoisting jib Radius
注：因幅度指示牌过密有碍于司机的视线，故中间的指示牌是以每 10m 装一块配发的。
Note: If the radius indicators are too dense, they will obstruct driver’s vision.
Therefore, an indicator will be installed every 10m.
4.9 安装牵引小车和滑轮组
Installation of hauling trolley and pulley block
4.9.1 2 绳变 4 绳及 4 绳变 2 绳的方法
Fall conversion method of wire rope (2-fall to 4-fall and 4-fall to 2-fall)
上滑轮组（1）紧贴牵引小车（3）
，下滑轮组（2）是 2 绳状态。2 绳换 4 绳时，按动“起
升”按钮操纵下降，将下滑轮组（2）降至地面，继续操纵下降使上滑轮组（1）在自重的
作用下降至地面，用人工将销轴（4）和下滑轮组（2）连接起来，然后操纵上升，变绳
99
即可完成。4 绳换 2 绳时，按动“起升”按钮操纵下降，当滑轮组降至地面时，把连接下
滑轮组（2）和上滑轮组（1）的销轴（4）取出，然后操纵上升直至上滑轮组（1）紧贴
牵引小车（3）为止。
The upper pulley block (1) contacts closely the hauling trolley (3). Lower pulley block (2)
is of 2-fall. For conversion of 2-fall to 4-fall, press “Hoist” pushbutton to control
descending operation and lower the lower pulley block (2) down to the ground. Keep
controlling descending operation so that the upper pulley (1) can also drop down to the
ground by the gravity. Connect pin shaft (4) and lower pulley block (2) manually. Then
control lifting operation. Rope fall conversion is finished. For conversion of 4-fall to
2-fall, press “Hoist” pushbutton to control descending operation. When the pulley block
is lowered down to the ground, remove the pin shaft (4) connecting the lower pulley
block (2) to the upper pulley block (1). Then control lifting operation until the upper
pulley block (1) contacts closely with hauling trolley (3).
4.9.2 安装牵引小车
Installation of hauling trolley
在地面装配起重臂的同时安装牵引小车，以下说明中假定一人站在平衡臂上，向起重臂
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头部方向观察（见下图）
Install the hauling trolley while assembling the hoisting jib on the ground. If it is
presumed that a man is standing on the hoisting jib and viewing the jib head (see the
following figure), it can be described that:
G:表示该人的左手一侧，D: 表示该人的右手一侧。
G: left hand side of the man; D: right hand side of the man.
牵引小车和滑轮组分三部分：
Hauling trolley and pulley block are comprised of three parts:
a) 牵引小车装置
Hauling trolley equipment
b) 滑轮组总成和吊钩
Pulley block assembly and hook
c) 小车检修用吊笼
Maintenance cage for the trolley
在起重臂上安装牵引小车时，要注意将小车前后钢丝绳的附件放在左边(G)，用两个销轴
（1）将检修小车吊笼安装在小车上，再用开口销固定好，为了避免在安装塔机时的意外
事故，在起重臂或小车上进行各种工作之前，可用铁丝将小车固定在臂架上。
When installing hauling trolley on the hoisting jib, care must be taken to place the
accessories of the wire ropes of the trolley at the left hand side (G), use two pin shafts
(1) to mount the maintenance cage on the trolley and secure them with cotter pins. In
order to guard against accident during erection of the tower crane, it is permitted to use
steel wire to fix the trolley on the jib before working on the jib or the trolley.
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4.9.3 牵引小车后部钢丝绳的穿绕方法
Winding method of the wire rope at the rear of hauling trolley
将小车移至臂架根部，使之紧靠止动挡块。从绳筒上绕下小车的后牵引绳（2），其长度
视起重臂长度而定（参看下面表格）。将钢丝绳尾端穿过滑轮（3），利用压绳板（4）将
一端固定在卷筒法兰盘上，同时把钢丝绳绕在卷筒上，钢丝绳的另一端绕过（5）处的绳
轮，用钢丝绳夹固定在牵引小车上，并张紧牵引小车的后钢丝绳。
Move the trolley to the jib root to cling to the safety stop. Release the back traction
rope (2) from the rope drum for a length as per the jib length (see the following table).
Pass the end of wire rope through the pulley (3). Use the rope-compression plate (4) to
fix one end of rope on the flange of rope drum. Meanwhile, wind the wire rope around
the drum. Wind the other end of wire rope around the rope wheel at point (5), fix it on
the hauling trolley with clips, and then tension back wire rope of hauling trolley.
臂架
40m 45m 50m 55m 60m 65m 70m
Jib
1 76 86m 96m 106m 116m 126m 136
2 50 55m 60m 65m 70m 75m 80
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钢丝绳 Φ8 绳夹
2
Wire rope Φ8 Rope clip
注：用钢丝绳夹固接时，绳夹的数量不得少于 3 个，且当钢丝绳直径 D>10mm 时，绳
夹的数量不得少于 4 个，绳夹间距不得少于钢丝绳直径的 6 倍，绳头距最后一个绳夹长
度不小于 140mm，并采用细钢丝捆扎，绳夹滑鞍放在钢丝绳工作受力一侧，U 型螺栓
扣在钢丝绳尾端不得正反交错设置绳夹，钢丝绳受力前固定绳夹，受力后要再度紧固。
Note: when the rope clip is used for fixing and connection, at least 3 clips are
required. At rope diameter D>10mm, at least 4 clips are required. The gap
between clips shall exceed 6 times the diameter of rope. The distance between
the rope end and the last clip shall not less than 140mm. The rope shall be
bound with fine wires. The sliding saddle of clip is placed at the side of force
suffered by the rope. For the U-type bolt fastener, the clips shall not be arranged
in a reverse staggered setup at the end of wire rope. The clips shall be fixed
before the force is imposed on the rope and tightened after the force is imposed
on the rope.
4.9.4 牵引小车前部钢丝绳的穿绕方法
Winding method of wire rope at the front of hauling trolley
臂架
40m 45m 50m 55m 60m 65m 70m
Jib
1 76 86m 96m 106m 116m 126m 136
2 50 55m 60m 65m 70m 75m 80
钢丝绳 Φ8 无夹套
1
Wire rope Φ8 Without jacket
从绳筒绕下小车前牵引绳，其长度视起重臂长度而定（参看本页表格）。将钢丝绳尾端分
别穿过滑轮（5），（4），（3），在卷筒上必须保留 4 圈钢丝绳（钢丝绳绕法由下至向上），
它的尾端用压绳板固定在卷筒法兰盘上。钢丝绳的另一端在（6）处固定在牵引小车的张
紧卷盘上，用张紧器卷盘卷绕直到钢丝绳张紧为止。松开牵引小车，锁紧钢丝绳，检查
钢丝绳张紧情况。
Release the front traction rope of trolley from the rope drum for a length as per the jib
length (see the table in this page). Pass the end of wire rope through the pulley (5), (4)
and (3). Maintain 4 circles of wire rope on the drum (the winding pattern of the rope is
from down to up). Use the rope-compression plate to fix the end of rope on the flange
of rope drum. Meanwhile, fix the other end of rope on the tension reel of hauling trolley,
and use the tensioner reel to convolute the wire rope until it is tensional. Release the
hauling trolley, lock the rope and check it for tension.
4.10 安装平衡臂和起重臂
Installation of counter jib and hoisting jib
4.10.1 平衡臂的安装准备
Installation preparation of counter jib
将平衡臂第一节(1)和平衡臂第二节(2)用 4 根销轴(3)连接起来,在平衡臂上安装起升机
构。
Connect the first section (1) with second section (2) of counter jib via 4 pin shafts (3).
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Install the hoisting winch on the counter jib.

安装扶手栏杆,并用夹板(4)将它们连接起来。
Install the railings, and connect them with clamp plate (4).
安装拉杆(5)并用销轴连接,每根拉杆的最后一节(6)在地面上事先固定在塔帽上。
Install the tie rod (5), and connect them with pin shafts. The last section (6) of each tie
rod must be fixed on the tower cap on the ground in advance.
在平衡臂上使用一根条木（7）以保持拉杆的位置。
Place a wood strip (7) on the counter jib to maintain the tie rod in correct position.
在平衡臂头部上系上一根绳子，以便在地面上引导安装平衡臂。
Tie a rope on the counter-jib head to guide the installation of counter jib on the ground.
4.10.2 平衡臂的起吊和安装
Lifting and installation of counter jib
在平衡臂上专设的吊点上栓好吊索（臂根处 2 根 7m 的吊索，臂尾处 1 根 11m 的吊索，
直径 Φ21.5）。将平衡臂微微吊离地面，检查其稳定性。
Install the slings at lifting points arranged specially on the counter jib (two 7m slings at
jib root, one 11m sling at jib end, diameter Φ21.5). Slightly lift the counter jib from the
ground, and check it for stability.
吊起平衡臂，将其固定在塔头（1）上，两个销轴必须在销孔内就位，并加开口销固定。
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Lift the counter jib, and fix it on the tower head (1). Two pin shafts must be placed in
the pin holes, and then fixed with cotter pins.
为了便于拉杆的连接，平衡臂要有一定的倾斜度，用销轴将拉杆（2）和拉杆（3）连接
起来。将平衡臂慢慢放下，张紧拉杆，松开吊索，安装完毕。
For connection of tie rod, the counter jib must be inclined appropriately. Connect the tie
rods (2) and (3) with pin shaft. Lower the counter jib slowly, tension the tie rod, and
release the sling. Now, the installation of counter jib is completed.
4.10.3 起重臂的安装准备
Installation preparation of hoisting jib
将起重臂根部垫高，以便安装起重小车。将牵引小车装在臂架根部并将其捆扎固定。根
据所需要的起重臂长度组合吊臂节。在起重臂上弦杆上安装托架（1）以支撑拉杆。安装
短拉杆（2），安装并用销轴连接长拉杆（3）。
Block up the hoisting jib root to install the lifting trolley. Install the hauling trolley at jib
root, and bind and fix it. Combine the jib section according to the required jib length.
Mount the bracket (1) on upper chord of hoisting jib to support the tie rod. Install the
short tie rod (2) and long tie rod (3), and connect them via pin shaft.
在起重臂头部上系上一根绳子，以便在地面上引导。穿绕钢丝绳（见有关章节）
Tie a rope on the hoisting-jib head to guide the installation of counter jib on the ground.
See relevant chapters for winding method of wire rope.
注：要检查链子（4）是否用销轴在（5）的位置上固定连接。
Note: Check whether the chain (4) is fixed and connected at point (5) with pin
shaft.
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在安装起重臂架之前必须按第 87 页的要求安装 x 块平衡重块。

Install x counter weight(s) as specified in page 87 prior to installation of hoisting
jib.
4.10.4 在起重臂上安装吊索
Installation of sling on hoisting jib
臂架上标出的尺寸（见下页简图）相当于重心到臂根的理论距离。吊点只是理论上的，
必要时可将臂架吊起 10cm 高，再调整吊点位置。
The marked size on the jib (see the diagram in next page) is equivalent to theoretic
distance from the center of gravity to the jib root. The lifting point is theoretic. Therefore,
if necessary, the lifting point position may be adjusted after lifting the jib up to 10cm.
注意：检查一下吊索的位置，应是安装在臂架上弦杆的节点前（a）或安装在节点后（b）。
绝对禁止放在斜腹杆之间（c）。在吊点处，钢丝绳之间不要挤压拉杆。
Note: Check the position of slings which shall be installed before the node (a) or after
the node (b) of upper chord of jib. Do not place the slings between inclined web
members (c). At the lifting points, the wire rope can not press the tie rod.
使用 2 根 8m 的吊索，直径 Φ21.5（45，50m 臂长）
Use two 8m slings with Φ21.5 diameter (jib length: 45m, 50m).
使用 4 根 8m 的吊索，直径 Φ21.5（55，60，65m 臂长）
Use four 8m slings with Φ21.5 diameter (jib length: 55m, 60m and 65m).
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7.5m 3跨 3跨
70m
33m P+5% 10701 Kg
7.5m 3跨 3跨
65m
31m P+5% 10012 Kg
7.5m 3跨 3跨
60m
29m P+5% 9589 Kg
4跨
55m
26.6m P+5% 8900 Kg
4跨
50m
19.7m P+5% 8211 Kg
4跨
45m
22.3m P+5% 7522 Kg
4跨
40m
19.7m P+5% 6833 Kg
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7.5m 3跨
3-span 3跨
3-span
70m
33m P+5% 10701 Kg
7.5m 3跨
3-span 3跨
3-span
65m
31m P+5% 10012 Kg
7.5m 3跨
3-span 3跨
3-span
60m
29m P+5% 9589 Kg
4跨
4-span
55m
26.6m P+5% 8900 Kg
4跨
4-span
50m
19.7m P+5% 8211 Kg
4跨
4-span
45m
22.3m P+5% 7522 Kg
4跨
4-span
40m
19.7m P+5% 6833 Kg
4.10.5 起重臂的安装
Installation of hoisting jib
起重臂处于水平位置时，进行拉杆连接工作，起吊臂架之前提起拉杆（1）。
When the hoisting jib is located at horizontal position, connect the tie rod. Before lifting
the jib, lift the tie rod (1).
* 由地面吊起臂架，检查其稳定性和横向水平性。
Lift the jib from the ground. Check it for stability and horizontality.
* 45，50m 臂架可由一台移动吊车直接吊起臂架至塔顶的销接位置，使用销轴将臂
架与过渡节连接起来。
45m and 50m jibs may be lifted by one mobile crane directly up to the pinned
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position at tower top. The jib and transitional section are connected with pin
shaft.
* 50，60，65m 臂架须用 2 台移动吊车，一台 25t 吊车在臂根 7.5m 吊点处起吊臂
架至过渡节的销接位置，与此同时另一台小吊车（16t 吊车）在前拉杆吊点处吊起
臂端离地面１米左右，并保持此高度不动，待用销轴将臂架与过渡节连接起来后，
大吊车移至前吊点，取代小吊车，将起重臂吊起，并上翘倾斜一定角度。应注意，
用大吊车取代小吊车时，绝布允许小吊车先将臂架端部搁置在地面或其它支承物
上，大吊车替换小吊车必须确保小吊车保持吊重状态下进行，否则，由于臂架两端
支点的跨度过大，会引起臂架的失稳。
For 50m, 60m and 65m jibs, two mobile cranes are required. One 25t crane lifts
the jib at 7.5m lifting point on jib root to the pinned position of transitional section.
Meanwhile, one 16t crane lifts the jib end at lifting point on front tie rod up to
about 1m from the ground, and maintains this height. After connecting the jib with
transitional section via pin shaft, 25t crane moves to front lifting point instead of
16t crane to lift the hoisting jib which tilts to a certain angle upwards. Note that,
when 16t crane is replaced with 25t crane, 16t crane can not lift the jib end on the
ground or other supports first, and this replacement must be carried out when 16t
crane is lifting, or the jib will be unstable due to excessive span between
supporting points at two ends of the jib.
* 从平衡臂上的起升卷筒拉出钢丝绳，通过塔尖和拉杆滑轮（3）进行 4 绳缠绕（见
图 A）,在臂根处进行这种操作时，必须带有安全带，并将安全带系在塔头上。开
动起升机构吊起拉杆滑轮组，同时一边用汽车吊将臂架吊起一定的角度，分别用连
接板及销轴将长、短拉杆与塔尖连接起来（详见图 C）。慢慢地放下臂架，拆下张
紧装置，拆卸托架支座，拆除吊索，解下臂架头部的引导绳。
Pull out the wire rope from the lifting drum on hoisting jib, and wind 4-fall rope via
tower top and tie-rod pulley (3) (as shown in Figure A). When working at the jib
root, wear the safety belt and tie it on the tower head. Start the hoisting winch to
lift the tie-rod pulley block, lift the jib to a certain angle using a truck crane, and
then respectively connect the long and short tie rods with the tower top together
via connecting plate and pin shaft (see Figure C for details). Slowly lower the jib,
remove the tensioning device, bracket base and slings, and release the guide
rope at jib head.
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110
4.11 穿绕起升钢丝绳
Winding and lifting of wire rope
4.11.1 引言
Introduction
钢丝绳通常是缠绕在卷筒上的，以便于塔机易地安装时的运输。如遇以下原因，可将钢
丝绳拆除：拆塔机时发现钢丝绳磨损，钢丝绳的长度不符合新的标准。钢丝绳的选择见
本页说明，缠绕方法见前面章节说明。
The wire rope is usually wound on a rope drum to facilitate transportation of the tower
crane for installation in other site. The wire rope can be removed for following reasons:
it is found that the wire rope is worn when dismantling the crane; length of the wire
rope does not satisfy new requirement. See the description in this page for selection of
wire rope. See previous chapters for winding method.
4.11.2 起升钢丝绳的选择
Selection of hoisting wire rope
应根据工作高度和使用期限选择钢丝绳的长度。下表是根据塔机的安装情况，对各种不
同高度配以相应的钢丝绳长度。
Its length shall be selected according to the operating height and use period. The table
below gives the length of wire rope corresponding to different height according to the
installation conditions of tower crane.
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112
2-fall 4-fall 2-fall 4-fall
4.11.3 起升钢丝绳的穿绕方法
Winding method of hoisting wire rope
将钢丝绳连续穿过游动滑轮（1）和测力环滑轮（2），引到臂根部牵引小车上，按详图A
进行4绳穿绕为了避免钢丝绳的摩擦，滑轮组可在地面垂直撑起，将钢丝绳尾部上装上钢
丝绳楔套（3）。将牵引小车移到臂架头部，使用销轴（4）将钢丝绳楔套与钢丝绳放气
装置（5）相连，再用开口销锁好，检查钢丝绳接头的旋转情况。
Pass the wire rope sequentially through the movable pulley (1) and proving ring pulley
(2), and introduce it onto hauling trolley at root of jib, and wind it in the form of 4-fall as
shown in Figure A to avoid friction of wire rope. Support the pulley block vertically on
the ground, and install a rope wedge (3) at the end of wire rope. Move the hauling
trolley to the jib head, connect the wedge and air relief device (5) of wire rope via pin
shaft (4), and then insert the cotter pins. Finally, check the rope joint for free rotation.
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4.12 安装平衡重
Installation of counter-weight
吊装配重前,要检查配重块的总重量和尺寸规格,一定要符合有关要求.地面上如缺乏检查,
将它们装到平衡臂上就会有危险。
Before hoisting counter-weights, it is necessary to check their total weight, sizes and
specifications which must satisfy relevant requirements. If they are not checked on the
ground, it is dangerous when they are mounted on the counter-jib.
按安装顺序把配重块摆放好,用汽车吊将配重块(1)吊至配重支架(2)的水平位置,将其置于
上横梁之间(如图 A 所示),用销轴(3)穿入平衡重块二侧销孔内,落下配重块,使销轴落在上
横梁的斜块上(4)凹槽内(见图 B).在吊装过程中,应避免配重块将平衡臂顶起,否则很危险。
Correctly place the counter-weights according to their installation order. Use truck
crane to lift the counter-weight (1) up to the horizontal position of counter-weight
bracket (2), and place it in the middle of upper cross-beam (as shown in Fig. A). Insert
the pin shaft (3) into pin holes at both sides of the counter-weight. Lower the
counter-weight to make the pin shaft rest in the groove of oblique block (4) of upper
cross beam (as shown in Fig. B). During hoisting, care must be taken to prevent the
counter-weight from jacking up the counter-jib, or there will be danger.
其它配重块也以同样的方式进行安装,但必须放在上横梁的斜块(5)面上。
Other counter-weights are installed in the same method above, but placed on the
oblique block (5) of the upper cross beam.
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平衡重的安装顺序:平衡臂安装完毕后,先安装 X 块平衡重块(X 的数量根据起重臂的不同

长度而定,见图表 C),待臂架安装完毕后,再根据第 14 页所示将余下的平衡重全部装完。
The installation sequence of counterweight: after the counter jib is installed, firstly
install X counterweights (X depends on the jib length of hoisting jib, see the table as
follows). Upon completion of installation of jib, install remaining counterweights as
described in page 14.
起重臂 X(数量) 重量
Hoisting jib X (Qty.) Weight
70m A2＋B 5510kg
65m A2＋B 5510kg
60m 2B 5020Kg
55m 2B 5020Kg
50m 2B 5020Kg
45m A1 3500Kg
40m A1 3500Kg
4.13 顶升准备
Jacking preparation
4.13.1 引言
Introduction
顶升前的准备工作包括安装和调试好顶升所需要的各种附件。大多数附件在立塔时就安
装就位了,而不是顶升前才安装的,塔机安装完毕后增加高度时,均须进行顶升作业, 顶升
作业详见后面有关章节页, 液压系统的调试详见第91页。
The preparation before jacking includes the accessories required for installation and
jacking commissioning. Most accessories are installed in place when erecting the
tower other than before jacking. Jacking operation is necessary when it is required to
rise after the tower crane is installed. See the following chapters for jacking operation.
See page 91 for commissioning of hydraulic system.
这些液压装置,如有损坏请与我公司售后服务部联系,请勿擅自修理,以免造成危险。
Please contact our after-sales service department in case of any damage to these
hydraulic devices. Do not repair them without authorization to avoid the danger.
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4.13.2 顶升附件
Jacking accessories
顶升套架，顶升横梁，引进小车，导轨，顶升加节专用吊钩，液压泵站和液压油缸。
Jacking cage, jacking cross-beam, introduction trolley, guide rail, special hook for
jacking and section adding, hydraulic pump station and hydraulic cylinder
4.13.3 顶升附件的安装与就位
Installation of jacking accessories
1) 顶升套架的安装
Installation of jacking cage
可能有两种情况:
There are two possible cases:
a 在正常安装时: 按照操作说明,使液压系统处于工作状态.将顶升横梁锁紧在
顶升凸耳上(见89页),用液压油缸将套架顶起,使之与回转下支承联接(见下图
A)
Normal installation: Make the hydraulic system in operation mode
according to the operating instructions. Lock the jacking cross beam on
jacking lug (see page 89) and use the hydraulic cylinder to jack up the cage
to allow it to connect with lower slewing support (See Figure A below).
b 在增加高度或拆卸时:将液压泵站,油缸,顶升横梁附件安装好 (如已拆掉的话)
使用一根Φ15，长为4m的吊索，在固定油缸的水平位置上。将套架的后梁系
住（见下图B），利用塔机本身的吊钩提起套架,将其固定在回转下支承上.
Height increase or removal: appropriately install the accessories for
hydraulic pump station, cylinder and jacking cross beam (if dismantled),
and use a Φ15 4m long sling on horizontal position of fixed cylinder. Tie the
rear beam of cage (see Figure B below), and lift the cage via the hook of
tower crane to fix it on lower slewing support.
注意:要严密注意套架和横梁在起吊中通过塔身凸耳水平位置时情况,以防止任何
碰撞造成事故.
Note: During lifting of cage and cross beam, care must be taken when they
are passing through horizontal position of tower lug to prevent any
collision.
2) 顶升横梁的安装
Installation of jacking cross beam
这一操作是在顶升套架联接在回转下支承架的支座上或置于塔身节凸耳上之后进
行的。安装好液压系统，并适当伸出或收缩油缸，用销轴把顶升横梁连接到油缸上.
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并将顶升横梁放在塔身凸耳上,按下述办法予以锁固:可用止动靴(1)将其吊挂在凸
耳上。
The jacking cross beam is installed after the jacking cage is connected with the
base of lower slewing support frame or rested on the lug of tower section. Install
the hydraulic system, properly extend or retract the cylinder, and jack up the
cross beam with pin shaft to connect it with the cylinder. Place the jacking cross
beam on the tower lug, and firmly fix it as per the following method: hang the
jacking cross beam on the lug (2) with stop shoe (1).
3) 安装导轨
Installation of guide rail
安装回装支承时，如未安装导轨，须按下述办法安装，用引进吊钩安装导轨，使开
口处朝向起重臂根部。
If the guide rail has not been installed when installing the slewing support, it is
required to install according to the method below. The introduction hook is used
to install the guide rail with opening facing to the root of hoisting jib.
安装导轨前在起重臂根部一侧回转下支承架的 a 处、b 处、c 处分别以销轴 b 尽快
将其销接（详见下页图 A），放下滑轮组，导轨悬垂于塔身一侧，然后用引进吊钩
吊住圆钢（3），将其吊到水平位置（如下页图 B 所示），拆掉销轴 C（φ25×182），
推进导轨到工作位置，在 d（用 φ125×134 销轴）和 e（用 φ25×134 销轴）处用
销子固定。在水平位置安装第一根导轨支承板（1），重新插上销轴 b 和 c。用同样
的办法安装第二根引进导轨。
Before installing the guide rail, use pin shaft b to connect at points a, b and c of
lower slewing support frame at the side of hoisting jib root respectively as soon
as possible (see Figure A on next page); lower the pulley block with guide rail
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suspended at the tower side, and then use introduction lifting hook to hook the
round steel (3) and lift it to the horizontal position (as shown in Figure B).
Remove the pin shaft C (φ25 × 182) and push the guide rail to the working
position. At points d (with φ125 × 134 pin shaft) and e (with φ25 × 134 pin shaft),
fix them with pins. Install support plate of first guide rail at horizontal position, and
insert the pin shafts b and c once again. Install the second introduction guide rail
in the same way.
4) 安装塔身引进小车
Installation of tower introduction trolley
在塔身的横腹杆(2)上安装标准节架引进小车,用 4 个 M20×50 螺栓(4)和 4 个 M20
螺母将固定支架(3)锁住。
On the transverse webs (2) of tower, install standard section introduction trolley;
with four M20 × 50 bolts (4) and four M20 nuts (3), lock the mounting bracket.
a) 立塔时在地面上将固定支架固定在已装配好的塔身节上。
During tower erection, fix the mounting bracket onto the assembled tower
section on the ground.
b) 拆塔时在塔身上将支架固定在将要拆卸的塔身节上。
During tower removal, fix the mounting bracket onto the tower section to be
removed.
注意: 在 a 种情况下(即立塔时)用引进吊钩吊放塔身节时应注意方向要正确。塔身
节上顶升凸耳的位置是塔身节的引进方向(引进吊钩的开口须对着塔身)用引进吊
钩提起引进小车及塔身节组件,将第一节塔身节吊放在引进导轨上。
Note: In the case of a (namely during tower erection), when tower section
is lifted and placed with introduction lifting hook, you shall pay attention to
correct direction. The position of jacking lug on the tower section is the
introduction direction of the tower section (opening of introduction lifting
hook shall face to the tower); use introduction lifting hook to lift the
introduction trolley and tower section assembly, and lift and place the first
tower section onto introduction guide rail.
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5) 液压泵站和油缸投入工作
Putting into operation of pump station and cylinder
液压泵站: 装 -注油-安装-调试
Hydraulic pump station: Handling - oiling - installation - commissioning
液压油缸: 清洗液压系统-调试
Hydraulic cylinder: Cleaning the hydraulic system - Commissioning
上述油缸和泵站的使用情况详见塔机的操作说明书有关章节。
For use of above cylinder and pump station, please see relevant sections of
operating instructions of the tower crane.
本塔机液压系统的额定压力为 17Mpa，最大压力为 21Mpa。每次顶升或拆卸作业
之前应将液压系统的压力缓慢加大至额定压力，然后锁紧溢流阀，再进行顶升操作。
如系统的工作压力达到或略超过额定工作压力仍不能顶起塔机外套架及其上部机
构时，应检查分析原因，待排除故障，确保无卡阻现象后方可能顶升，决不允许系
统的工作压力超过最大压力时继续顶升和拆卸作业，否则后果不堪设想。
For hydraulic system of this tower crane, rated pressure is 17Mpa and maximum
pressure is 21Mpa. Before every jacking or removal, pressure of the hydraulic
system shall be slowly increased to rated pressure and then overflow valve
locked, thus to carry out jacking operation. If outer cage and its upper
mechanism of tower crane cannot be jacked up after working pressure of the
system reaches or slightly exceeds the rated working pressure, the reasons shall
be checked and analyzed; only after troubleshooting and ensuring no jamming, it
is able to continue jacking. Continued jacking and removal when working
pressure of the system exceeds the maximum pressure shall be never allowed in
all cases; otherwise the consequences could be disastrous.
每当顶升或拆卸工作结束后，必须把液压系统的压力调整至 0Mpa。压力表是否准
确直接影响到顶升和拆卸作业的安全，因此每次顶升和拆卸作业之前都必须验证其
准确性，误差超过±5%的，必须更换，决不允许蛮干。
Whenever after jacking or removal is completed, you must adjust the pressure in
the hydraulic system to 0Mpa. Whether pressure gauge is accurate will directly
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affect the safety of jacking and removal operations; so before each jacking and
removal, its accuracy must be verified; in case of error exceeding ± 5%, the
pressure gauge must be replaced; reckless operation shall be never allowed in
all cases.
4.14 塔机顶升配平
Jacking and balancing of tower crane
4.14.1 特别说明
Special instructions
塔机有两种平衡方式
The tower has two balancing modes.
A 理论上,在指定的幅度处悬吊载荷,见下页。
Theoretically, hang the load at specified radius. See the next page.
B 实际上,调节起重臂牵引小车的位置,见下页。
In fact, adjust the position of hauling trolley of hoisting jib. See the next page.
注意;在提升顶升套架时,绝对禁止转动起重臂,移动牵引小车以及提升或下降动作。
Note: Turn of hoisting jib, movement of hauling trolley, and rise or falling actions are
prohibited when lifting the jacking cage.
4.14.2 顶升配平的方法
Jacking and balancing method
顶升组件(油缸及套架)工作的完美是要求被顶升部分的重心在油缸的轴心线上，因此必
须注意在进行平衡操作之前,塔身节要放在引进导轨移动小车上,必要时起重吊钩可以起
吊适当载荷将其停在下页附表给出的平衡位置处。
The perfect jacking of assembly (cylinder and cage) operation is to require that the
center of gravity of jacked part is on the axes of cylinder. Therefore, before balancing
operation, care must be taken to place the tower section on the mobile trolley of
introduction guide rail. Where necessary, the lifting hook may lift proper load and rest it
at balancing position given in attached table on next page.
表中所列距离是理论上的,它们取决于平衡块的实际重量。要注意平衡重必须同平衡臂和
起重臂的长度相符合，此外，决不可忽视风速对塔机平衡的作用，风速超过 13m/s 时不
允许进行顶升。1000 公斤载荷是一任意重量，相当于两片标准节的重量。
The distance given in the table is a theoretic distance, which depends on actual weight
of counter weight. The weight of counter weight must be in line with the length of
counter jib and hoisting jib. In addition, do not ignore the action of wind velocity on the
balance of tower crane. When the wind velocity exceeds 13m/s, jacking operation is
prohibited. 1,000kg load is an arbitrary weight which is equal to the weight of two
standard sections.
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4.14.3 平衡位置
Balance position
70m
19t
2A 2+4A2
4m
1000kg 3m
65m
17t
4A 2+2B
20m
1000kg 8.6m
60m
16t
2A 2+4B
45m
1000kg 19.5m
55m
15t
5A 2
2135 kg 21.5m
1000kg 23.8m
50m
13t
1A 2+4B
2135 kg 48m
1000kg 35.3m
45m
12.5t
5B
2135 kg 26.5m
1000kg 43.5m
40m
11.5t
3A 2+B
2135 kg 32.2m
注：本页以起升机构为 55/55kW 电机时的平衡重组合为例。

Note: Take the counterweight combination when the hoisting winch is the 55/55kW
motor as an example in this page.
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注:顶升作业时严禁回转塔式起重机!
Note: Do not turn the tower crane during jacking operation!
顶升作业前必须将起重臂架回转至标准节引进的方位。为防止顶升作业过程中风载荷对
起重臂架的作用使塔式起重机产生回转，还必须采取措施以保证在风载作用下起重臂架
不能再回转。
Slew the hoisting jib to the place where the standard section will be introduced before
jacking operation. In order to prevent the tower crane from slewing due to the action
from wind load on the hoisting jib during jacking operation, take necessary measures
to make sure the hoisting jib will not slew under wind load.
可采取以下方法：将回转机构减速机的涡流防雨罩拆下后，用两件开口销或螺丝刀等扁
长条铁件插入电枢和磁轭的重叠间隙（电枢和磁轭没有重叠间隙时，可稍微转动电枢直
到与磁轭有重叠间隙为止），来限制电枢和磁轭（与电动机壳体紧固的）的相互转动，从
而控制住了电动机及起重臂架的转动。
Measures to be taken: remove the eddy-current rain cover from the reducer of slewing
mechanism, insert two flat bar-type iron parts such as cotter pins or screwdrivers into
the overlap gap of armature and magnetic yoke (when no overlap gap exists, slightly
rotate the armature until there is overlap gap between armature and magnetic yoke), to
restrict the rotation of armature and magnetic yoke (attached firmly on the shell of
motor) each other, thus to control the motor and rotation of hoisting jib.
同时应记住：顶升结束后必须取出开口销或螺丝刀等扁长条铁件，重新装好涡流防雨罩
后方可使用回转机构。
Note that, upon completion of jacking operation, take out the flat bar-type iron parts
such as cotter pins or screwdrivers, and reinstall the eddy-current rain cover before
using the slewing mechanism.
4.14.4 塔机的平衡
Balance of tower crane
塔机只能在回转下支承支脚(1)脱开塔身鱼尾(2)后,才可以进行平衡。
The tower crane can be balanced only after the leg (1) of lower slewing support frame
is disengaged from fish plate (2) of tower.
将液压泵站操纵杆推到“向上顶升”方向向上顶升，直到回转支承支脚刚刚离开鱼尾板为
止。
Push the joystick of hydraulic pump station to the “Jacking-up " position to until the leg
of slewing support is just disengaged from the fish plate.
检查塔机是否平衡,必要时可移动牵引小车进行配平。
Check the tower crane for balance, and if necessary, move hauling trolley for balance.
可通过检查回转下支承支脚与鱼尾板是否在一条垂直线上,找到牵引小车准确位置。还
可通过液压泵站压力表上所示的顶升所需的压力为最小予以核实。
Check whether the leg of lower slewing support and fish plate are on the same vertical
line to find out exact position of hauling trolley. In addition, this may be verified when
the required jacking pressure shown on station gauge in hydraulic pump station is the
minimum value.
可将起重牵引小车的平衡位置在起重臂斜腹杆上系上布条作为标记。但要注意，该标记
的位置取决于起重臂长度，因此起重臂长度不同的标记的位置也应不同。
Tie a cloth on the diagonal web member of hoisting jib corresponding to the balance
position where the hauling trolley is located as the mark. However, note that the
marking position depends on the length of hoisting jib. Therefore, the marking
positions vary with the different length of hoisting jib.
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4.15 顶升加节
Jacking and telescoping
4.15.1 顶升原理
Jacking principle
顶升程序包括一系列操作过程,这些操作过程需要重复进行几次:
Jacking procedures consist of a series of operations; these operations need to be
repeated several times:
油缸伸出,通过顶升横梁(1)顶起塔机的上部份。用套架上的止动靴 3 将顶起的塔机上机构
固定在塔身的顶升耳座(2)上。收缩活塞杆，提起撑脚和顶升横梁，将爬爪吊挂到上一对
耳座的位置上。
Extend the cylinder to jack up the upper part of tower crane through the jacking cross
beam (1). Fix the upper part on the jacking lug (2) of tower by using the stop shoe 3 on
the cage. Retract the piston rod, and raise the brace and jacking cross beam to hang
the climbing jaw on a pair of lugs.
为获得标准节引入套架所需要空间，操作程序重复 3 次,此时塔机位于图(A)的位置。
To obtain the space required for introducing standard section into cage, the operation
shall be repeated three times; then tower crane shall be located at position as shown
in Figure (A).
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在重复第三次操作时,油缸行程为 0.7m。
When the third operation is repeated, the cylinder stroke shall be 0.7m.
注意：
Precautions:
(1) 顶升加节或拆卸工作结束之前，严禁旋转塔机；除了装拆塔身标准节架所需的吊
装之外，不允许进行其他的吊装作业，当风速大于 13m/s（相当于 6 级风）时必
须停止顶升或拆卸工作，用销轴将回转下支承架与塔身标准节架连接好。
Before the end of jacking and telescoping or removal, rotating tower crane
shall be never allowed; except for lifting required for assembly and
disassembly of standard tower section, other lifting operations shall be
never allowed; when the wind speed is greater than 13m/s (equivalent to
strong breeze), jacking or removal must be stopped and lower slewing
support frame and standard tower section shall be connected with pin
shaft properly.
(2) 顶升前，必须检查各机械部位的连接，以及电气和液压系统的安装和调试无误，
并且确认油缸下横梁的爬爪已经可靠的吊挂在标准节架的耳座上，塔机前后力矩
已经配平之后，方可拆下回转下支承架与标准节架的连接销轴，再根据实际情况，
适当调整变幅小车的位置，使前后力矩达到平衡。
Before jacking, you must check that connection of various mechanical
parts and installation and commissioning of electrical and hydraulic
systems are correct, and confirm the climbing jaw of lower cylinder cross
beam has been reliably hung on the lug bases of standard section, and
after front and rear torques of the tower crane are balanced, the connecting
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pin shaft between lower slewing support frame and standard section can
only be removed; then according to the actual situation, position of
traveling trolley shall be properly adjusted, thus to balance front and rear
torques.
(3) 塔机标准节架主角钢上下两个耳座的距离为 1.5 米，顶升或拆卸每一个标准节架，
需要重复上述操作程序 3 次。因此，油缸下横梁的爬爪以及上横梁的止动靴也需
要交替的吊挂在标准节主角钢的耳座上。为了保证爬爪和止动靴安全可靠地吊挂
在相应的耳座上，这两处必须设专人操作，只有确信无误后，才能进行伸出或收
缩油缸的操作。
The distance between upper and lower lug bases on main angle steel of
tower crane standard section is 1.5 m. the operation procedure above must
be repeated three times. Therefore, the climbing jaw of lower cylinder
cross beam and stop shoe of the upper cross beam are necessary to be
hung on the lug base of main angle steel of standard section alternately. In
order to ensure the climbing jaw and stop shoe are securely hung on
respective lug base, the operations at these two points must be carried out
by special persons; only after no problem is confirmed, it is allowed to
extend or retract the cylinder.
(4) 在顶升或拆卸每节标准节架进行的第三次顶升操作时，要特别注意外套架上端的
导轮与塔身标准节架主角钢上端应有 200mm 左右的安全距离，决不允许导轮超
越主角钢。
When carrying out the third jacking operation when jacking or removing
each standard section, especially note that there shall be about 200mm
between guide wheel at top end of outer cage and the top end of main
angle steel of tower standard section. The guide wheel must not protrude
the main angle steel.
4.15.2 加节
Telescoping
顶起的塔机的上部用套架上的止动靴(2)支撑在塔身最上端的一对标准节架的顶升耳座
上。活塞杆几乎全部伸出,在整个过程中,套架上的导轮不能超出塔身的固定部分。将标准
节架推向塔身,引入套架,见图 A。
The upper part of tower crane which have been jacked up is supported on a pair of
jacking lug bases of standard section at uppermost end of tower via stop shoe (2) on
the cage. Piston rod is almost extended fully. In the entire process, the guide wheel on
the cage cannot exceed the fixed portion of the tower. The standard section is pushed
to the tower and introduced into the cage. See Figure A.
将液压系统操纵杆推向<<顶升>>位置,使止动靴(2)脱离耳座(1),使止动靴(2)脱离耳座
(1)，使止动靴脱离塔身。
Push the joystick of hydraulic system to “Jacking-up” position, thus to detach the stop
shoe (2) from the lug base (1), and then detach the stop shoe from the tower.
将液压系统操纵杆推向<<下降>>位置,使标准节架(4)插入鱼尾板(5).用 4×2 个销轴,安全
销和开囗销固定标准节,见图 B.
Push the joystick of hydraulic system to “lowering” position, thus to insert standard
section (5) into the fish plate (6). Fix the standard section with 4×2 pin shafts, safety
pins and cotter pins (see Figure B).
松开引进小车在标准节(8)上的 4 个固定附件,并将其推出套架。
Loosen four fixing accessories on the standard section (8) attached to the introduction
trolley, and push it out of the cage.
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4.15.3 在导轨上吊挂第二个标准节架
Hanging and lifting of second standard section on guide rail
在导轨上吊挂第二标准节架之前，必须将顶起的塔机上部分与下部塔身节连在一起。为
此,将液压系统操纵杆推向《下降》位置。直至回转下支承架的支脚（1）与最后一个标
准节的鱼尾板相连，装上4根安全销以代替标准节联接销轴（2）。将配平重物放下，将
标准节吊钩架挂到吊钩滑轮组上，用M20×50螺栓将安装了通道的另一个标准节架与引
进小车（3）连接紧固并提升至导轨（4）上。必要时，重新吊起配平重物，将塔机配平，
抽出销轴（2），下一个加节程序即可开始，反复顶升加节，直至达到所需高度。
Before lifting and hanging the second standard section on the guide rail, upper parts
and lower tower of the tower crane must be connected together. To this end, push the
joystick of hydraulic system to “lowering” position. After the leg (1) of lower slewing
support frame is connected with the fish plates of the last standard section, install four
safety pins to replace the connecting pin shaft (2) of the standard section. Put down
the counterweights, hang the hook bracket of standard section onto the hook
tackle-block, connect and tighten another standard section and introduction trolley (3)
which have been installed with passage via M20×50 bolts, and then lift it onto the guide
rail (4). If necessary, re-lift the counterweights, balance the front and rear torques of
the tower crane, and take out the pin shaft (2), thus to start the next telescoping
process. Repeat the jacking and telescoping process, until desired height is reached.
注意：安装最后一个标准节架时必须用标准节联接销轴将下部与塔身连接，上部与回转
下支承架连接，上好安全销和开口销锁固。
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Note: during installation of the last standard section, its lower part and lower
tower must be connected with connecting pin shaft of standard section, and its
upper part and lower slewing support frame must be also connected via
connecting pin shaft of standard section, and then locked firmly with safety pin
and cotter pin.
塔机的套架上装有4个销轴（每边1个）。为便于安装，销轴的直径减去2mm。
The cage of tower crane is provided with four pin shafts (one at each side). In order to
facilitate installation, pin shaft diameter shall be reduced by 2mm.
这些销轴用铁链连在套架上，仅用于顶升过程。
These pin shafts are attached to the cage with chains, and used only for jacking
process.
这些销轴用于回转下支承架支脚与最后一节标准节间的连接。
These pin shafts are used for connection between leg of lower slewing support frame
and the last standard section.
这些销轴必须安装在套架平台两侧与臂架轴线相垂直的位置上。
These pin shafts must be installed at the position on both sides of the cage platform
where it is perpendicular to the axis of the jib.
顶升操作完成后，必须用标准节联接销轴替换掉这些销轴。安装标准节联接销轴以前，
严禁进行任何顶升操作以外的起升动作。
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After jacking operation is completed, you must use standard section connecting pin
shafts to replace these pin shafts. Before installing standard section connecting pin
shaft, lifting other than jacking operation shall be never allowed.
Pin shaft
support
Jacking pin
shaft
注意：顶升工作完毕后，还必须松开外套架导轮的调节螺栓，使导轮离开塔身主角钢；
另外，还必须将位于顶升油缸一侧的两个外套架导轮的轮轴拆出，并安装到支承板的另
一个安装孔上使导轮离开塔上主角钢；这样可以避免塔机吊装工作时外套架因受弯矩的
作用，造成压坏导轮或剪断外套架上端的连接销轴等；当再次顶升加节或拆卸塔机时再
重新安装导轮，并将导轮与主角钢的间隙调节适当（一般为 3～5mm）。
Note: After the jacking operation is completed, loosen the adjusting bolts on the
guide wheel of outer cage to make it disengage from main angle steel of tower.
In addition, remove two axles of outer cage’s guide wheel at one side of jacking
cylinder and install them onto another mounting holes on the supporting plate to
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allow the guide wheel to separate from main angle steel of tower, which may
prevent the damage of guide wheel or connecting pin shaft at the top of outer
cage from being cut due to the bending moment when lifting the tower crane.
When jacking, telescoping or removing the tower crane, reinstall the guide
wheel, and properly adjust the gap between wheel and main angle steel
(typically 3~5mm).
4.16 使用前的准备工作
Preparation before use
4.16.1 引言
Introduction
在投入使用前所采取的全部措施都是为了确保塔机能正确运行并在安全状况下进行工
作。
All measures taken before use are to ensure correct operation of the tower crane
under safe conditions.
这些措施可分为三类；
These measures can be divided into three categories:
a 检查并进行适当操作，以避免发生安全事故；
Inspect and properly operate it, in order to avoid safety accidents.
b 使塔机适应工地要求；
Have the tower crane adapted to site requirements.
c 调试各安全装置。
Carry out commissioning of various safety devices.
为进行调试，维护保养和操纵控制，按第104页所示方法，使用塔机的各种装置。
For commissioning, maintenance and operation control, various safety devices of the
tower crane must be used appropriately according to the method described in page
104.
4.16.2 立塔后的检查工作
Inspection after tower erection
为检查立塔工作的正确性，保证塔机安全运行，应按下列项目进行一系列试运转和检查
工作。
To check the correctness of tower erection and ensure safe operation of the tower
crane, a series of commissioning and inspection shall be carried out based on the
following items.
应检查的部件
应进行的工作
Components to
Works to be carried out
be inspected
检查底盘与混凝土基础是否固定牢靠检查非工作状态锚固附
件。检查底盘下的电缆是否顺畅，以防损坏电缆。
底盘 Check whether the chassis and concrete foundation are fixed
Chassis firmly; check anchoring accessories that are under
non-working status; check whether the cable of chassis is
smooth, so as to avoid damage of the cable.
检查扶梯的紧固情况，更换损坏件。
通道
Check the fastening condition of the ladder, and replace
Passage
damaged parts.
塔身检查标准节连接销的紧固情况。检查电缆是否用钢丝绳在电缆
Tower 挂钩上挂好。
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应检查的部件
应进行的工作
Components to
Works to be carried out
be inspected
Check the fastening condition of standard section connection
pins; check whether cable is secured with wire rope on the
cable hanger.
检查驾驶室是否紧固在工作位置。检查驾驶室须知铭牌是否在驾
驾驶室驶室内钉好。检查检修平台是否安装就位。
Cab Check whether the cab is secured at the working position;
check whether cab notice nameplate is nailed properly in the
cab; check whether maintenance platform is installed in place.
塔头通道确保通往塔头的通道扶梯安装就位。
Passage at tower Ensure passage and ladder at tower head are installed in
head position.
检查起重臂和平衡臂上的各连接销轴的安装情况。穿绕电缆，使
之投入使用。检查平衡臂护栏和走道的安装情况。保证起升钢丝
绳穿绕正确。检查平衡臂配重的固定情况。检查平衡臂走道上有
无杂物，防止塔机运转时下堕伤人。
塔头 Check the installation condition of all connecting pin shafts
Tower head between hoisting jib and counter-jib; mount the cable to put it
into use; check the installation condition of railing and walkway
of counter-jib; ensure correct installation of hoisting wire rope;
check the fixing condition of counter-jib counterweights; check
the counter-jib walkway for foreign matters, so as to prevent
injury due to falling object during tower crane operation.
按使用说明书，检查润滑油位及润滑点
润滑
Check oil level and lubrication points according to operating
Lubrication
manual.
4.16.3 收放导轨
Mounting and removal of guide rail
为了不妨碍起重小车在最小范围内工作,必要时将导轨拆下靠在塔身的一侧。在塔身的一
侧，若加节钩已拆除，可将其装上。抽出销轴a(Φ25×182)和b(Φ25×182)，将支撑板（1）
转为竖直，插上销轴a先钩住第一根导轨上的圆钢，抽出销c(Φ25×134)和d(Φ25×134)，
小车向前直至导轨弯钩钩住销轴a并装上销轴b。放下加节钩，使导轨折靠于塔身，松开
加节钩，重复上述操作，放下另一根导轨。
In order not to hinder the work of traveling trolley within minimum range, guide rail shall
be removed and rested against one side of the tower if necessary. If telescoping hook
has been removed at one side of tower, install it again. Take out pin shafts a
(Φ25×182) and b (Φ25×182), make the support plate (1) upright, insert the pins shaft
a, and hitch the round steel on the first guide rail through telescoping hook, take out
the pin shafts c (Φ25×134) and d (Φ25×134), and move the trolley forward until guide
rail hook hitches the pin shaft a and the pins shaft b is installed. Lower the telescoping
hook to allow the guide rail close to the tower. Loosen the telescoping hook, and
repeat the above operations to lower another guide rail.
注：当导轨需全部拆除以便在另一台塔机上使用时，应按如下所述继续上面的操纵：钩
住导轨上的圆钢（3），将其提升呈水平状态，抽出销轴a，小车向外行使，将第一根导
轨放到地面，用同样的方法卸下一根导轨，并拆下导轨支撑板（1）和销轴a,b,c,d,e,以
备再用。卸下加节钩，安装10t吊钩。
Note: When the guide rails need to be fully removed and used on another tower crane,
above operations shall continue as described below: hook up round steel (3) on guide
rail, and lift it to horizontal state; take out pin shaft a and move trolley outwards; lower
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the first guide rail onto the ground; remove the next guide rail with the same method,
and remove guide rail support plate (1) and pin shafts a, b, c, d and e for reuse.
Remove telescoping hook and install 10t lifting hook.
4.16.4 放下顶升套架
Lowering of jacking cage
为了减少塔机的载荷，顶升加节完毕后可将顶升套架放到地面。这时可先利用塔机将顶
升横梁和油缸等放到地面。将吊索(1)挂在固定油缸的套架后侧顶升油缸上横梁上(见图
a)，并挂在吊钩上,吊索要有足够的长度。将吊索拉紧,但不要太紧。检查标准节架是否紧
固,是否与回转下支承架的支脚连接完好,拆下联结套架与回转下支承架的联接销轴
(2)(见图b)。松开安全闭锁装置。为保证套架下放作业的安全,所有人员均应离开套架走
道,进入塔身内，使用标准节架的通道作业。放松吊索,套架靠自重下落。
To reduce the tower crane load, after completion of jacking and telescoping, jacking
cage can be lowered onto the ground. Then, tower crane hook can be firstly used to
lower jacking cross beam and cylinder onto the ground. Hang the sling (1) on the cross
beam of jacking cylinder at rear side of cage fixing the cylinder (see Figure a), and then
hang on the lifting hook; sling shall have sufficient length. The sling shall be tensioned
(never over-tensioned). Check whether the standard section is tightened and
connected securely with leg of lower slewing support frame; remove connecting pin
shaft (2) between connecting cage and lower slewing support frame (see Figure b).
Loosen the safety locking device. To ensure the safe cage lowering operation, all
personnel shall leave the cage walkway and enter into the tower, thus to carry out
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operations via passage of standard section. Relax sling to drop the cage by gravity.
注意:在套架下放过程中,要尽量均衡因吊索拉力引起的侧向力,以防套架卡住塔身。液压
系统重量可起到平衡作用。
Note: In the cage lowering process, lateral force due to the sling tension shall be
balanced as much as possible, thus to prevent cage seized to tower. The weight of the
hydraulic system can play the balancing role.
经过标准节架主角钢的顶升耳座时应松开安全锁装置。尽量将套架落到基础节上,以免影
响塔身通道畅通,将套架落到第一节架主角钢的一对耳座上。拆下液压组件,同油缸顶升横
梁一起保存。
When passing through jacking lug base of main angle steel of standard section, safety
lock device shall be released. Drop cage onto foundation section as much as possible,
thus to ensure the tower passage is clear; drop cage onto one pair of lug bases of main
angle steel of first section. Remove the hydraulic components, and store them together
with jacking cross beam of the cylinder.
4.16.5 穿绕电缆
Winding of cable
顶升操作时,电缆按图1所示方式悬挂,最后一个标准节架安装完毕后,按图2所示安装电
缆.用电缆轮在回转上支承架上固定电缆。在所有情况下均应使用电缆护套以防止电缆损
坏.电缆的悬挂点一端在回转上支承架上,另一端在回转下支承架上。
During jacking operation, the cable shall be hung as shown in Figure 1. After the
installation of last standard section is completed, the cable shall be installed as shown
in Figure 2. The cable shall be fixed on the upper slewing support frame with cable
wheel. The cable sheath shall be used in all cases, thus to prevent cable damage. The
cable shall be hung on the upper slewing support frame at one end and the lower
slewing support frame at other end.
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133
4.16.6 安全装置
Safety devices
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Brake
Hoisting Limit Torque
winch switch limiter
Brake
Travelling Limit switch
mechanism
Max. safe working load limiter

Limiter Max. working speed limiter
Brake
Slewing Limit switch
mechanism
Ladder
Trolley maintenance
platform
Platform-channel
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第五章拆塔
Chapter V Tower Crane Dismantling
5.1 引言
Introduction
拆塔工作,完全可用汽车吊进行,但根据作业现场情况,部分拆塔工作可由起升工作完成,
为此暂时不拆除电气装置。
The tower crane may be dismantled using a truck crane completely. However,
according to the operating conditions on the site, partial removal works may be carried
out by the hoisting mechanism. Therefore, the electrical devices will not be removed
temporarily.
特别注意:
Precautions:
在拆卸塔机时,必须遵守安全规则,以防止当移开某一部件时,塔机其余部件有失去平衡的
危险，尤其是臂架与平衡臂等。下页举例说明了臂架的安全拆卸,即:在臂架连接销拆掉
以前,先用安全绳(1)将臂架和塔头连接起来,根据发生不平衡的位置(指向顶部或底部),用
吊索将臂架根部连在张紧器(2)上,以此保持起重臂的平衡。张紧器张紧后,摘掉安全绳(1),
操纵张紧器,将臂架逐渐放下。
During dismantling of tower crane, the safety regulations must be followed to
prevent other parts being out of balance when removing a part, especially for the
jib and counter jib. See the example on next page for removal process of jib, i.e.:
connect the jib and tower head with a safety rope (1) before removing the
connecting pin of jib, and attach the jib root to the tensioner (2) using a sling
according to the imbalance position (facing to the top or bottom) to maintain the
balance of hoisting jib. After the tensioner tensions, take off the safety rope (1)
and operate the tensioner to lower the jib slowly.
5.2 拆塔前准备工作
Preparation before dismantling of tower crane
应保证没有障碍物妨碍操作。根据第四章第13节中的规定做好以下准备:
Make sure there is no any barrier to disturb the operation. Please prepare as stipulated
in Section 13 of Chapter IV:
联接好通往塔头的扶梯，将套架(1)升至塔身顶部(若套架已降至基础节时),并将其4个角
用销轴连接好。安装套架附件,并注意以下几点:
Connect the ladder leading to the tower head, raise cage (1) to the top of tower body (if
the cage has been dropped to the foundation section already) and connect 4 corners
by pin shaft. Notice the following points for the installation of cage accessories:
油缸活塞杆几乎全部伸出,将顶升横梁(2)支撑在耳座(3)上.将臂架旋转至套架开口一侧,
此时塔机呈如图所示。
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The cylinder piston rod is almost extended out completely and the jacking cross beam
(2) is supported on lug base (3). Rotate jib to the open side of cage, the tower crane is
as shown in the figure at this moment.
5.3 拆卸塔身
Removal of tower
5.3.1
按第四章第14节规定,使塔机处于顶升时的配平状态.当回转下支承架的支脚离开塔身鱼
尾板2cm左右即停止顶升,将加节吊钩架(2)的固定件(1)连接在应拆卸的标准节架(3)上，
将连接该节(3)与下一标准节架的锁销(5)和销轴(6)拆下.拆开扶梯.继续向上顶升,直到标
准节架(3)与鱼尾板(7)脱开.将套架上的止动靴(9)支撑在塔身顶升耳座(10)上.将吊钩架
(2)和标准节架推出套架,将扶梯上提一点以免其与下部标准节相碰.按第四章第15节所述
顶升程序进行反向动作.拆卸一个标准节架,油缸应重复动作三次。
As stipulated in Section 14 of Chapter IV, remain the tower crane on the balanced
condition for jacking. Stop jacking until the leg of lower slewing support frame is 2cm
away from tower body fish plate, connect the fixed part (1) of telescoping lifting hook
bracket (2) with the standard section (3) that should be removed and remove the lock
pin (5) and pin shaft (6) connecting this section (3) with next standard section.
Dismantle ladder and keep jacking upward until the standard section (3) is disengaged
from fish plate (7). Support the locking shoe (9) on cage on the tower jacking lug base
(10). Push lifting hook bracket (2) and standard section out of cage, lift ladder upward a
little bit to avoid collision with lower standard section. Perform procedures opposite to
the jacking procedures mentioned in Section 15 of Chapter IV. Cylinder should repeat
operation 3 times for removal of one standard section.
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5.3.2 将标准节架降至地面
Lowering of standard section onto the ground
将回转下支承架支脚(1)插入下方标准节架的鱼尾板(2)内,并在四个角穿上入安全销(3)，
落下配重物将加节钩(4)固定在吊钩架(5)上,将标准节架降至地面。再将吊钩架(5)提起挂
在导轨(6)上,与另一个标准节架相连。重新提起配平重物，按需要反复操作,直到塔身标
准节架完全拆卸完毕，拆除液压系统,降至地面。用标准节联接销轴将回转下支承架与塔
身第一节架连接起来，拆卸顶升附件(液压部件,吊钩架等),拆下导轨。
Insert the leg (1) of lower slewing support frame into the fish plate (2) of lower standard
section, and install safety pin (3) on the four corners, drop counterweight and fix the
telescoping lifting hook (4) on the lifting hook bracket (5), and drop standard section on
the ground. Then lift lifting hook bracket (5) and hang it on guide rail (6) and connect it
with the next standard section. Relift counterweight and repeat procedures as required
until tower standard section is completely dismantled, remove hydraulic system and
lower on the ground. Use connecting pin shaft of standard section to connect the lower
slewing support frame with the first section, and dismantle jacking accessories
(hydraulic parts, lifting hook bracket etc.), and remove guide rail.
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5.4 拆除钢丝绳和配重
Wire rope and counterweight removal
将滑轮组降至地面.从臂架端部的旋座(2)上取下钢丝绳和楔套。将起升钢丝绳通过塔尖滑
轮和臂架拉杆滑轮进行4绳缠绕，按第四章所述相反的方法,用辅助吊车拆下部分配重，
参阅第四章第12节保留x块平衡重块。将小车移至臂根,并固定在臂架上,卸下前后变幅钢
丝绳后缠绕在变幅卷筒上。
Lower the pulley block onto the ground. Take off the wire rope and wedge sleeve from
the swivel base (2) at jib end. Wind 4-fall lifting wire rope through the pulley at tower
top and tie-rod pulley of jib. Dismantle partial counterweights using auxiliary crane in
the way opposite to that mentioned in Chapter IV, and maintain x counterweights as
specified in Section 12 of Chapter IV. Move the trolley to jib root and fix it on the jib.
Remove the front and rear traveling wire ropes and wind them around the traveling
drum.
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4.5 拆卸起重臂(用辅助吊车)
Jib removal (using auxiliary crane)
拆塔时需用一台或二台与立塔使用时特性相同的辅助吊车,该吊车不仅用于拆卸臂架,也
可用来拆卸整个塔机。拆卸臂架分为三个阶段;
One or two auxiliary cranes with the characteristics same as that used during tower
erection are required for removal. Such cranes will not only be used for jib removal but
also for removal of the whole tower crane. Jib removal includes three stages;
根据第四章所述吊装点进行吊装。稍微吊起臂架，使臂架拉杆松开后，再拆除臂架拉杆
的双耳连接板销轴，然后开动起升机构，将拉杆落下置于臂架上，用支架（3）固定好，
再拆卸起升钢丝绳，并缠绕到起升卷筒上，切断电源，拆除电缆。然后拆除臂根铰点的
连接销轴。落下整个臂架，并将其放到地面支架上。根据工地情况将臂架转向最适宜位
置。
Lift at the lifting points mentioned in Chapter IV. Slightly lift the jib to allow the tie rod of
jib to be loose, remove the pin shafts of double-ear connecting plate of the tie rod, and
then start the hoisting winch to lower the tie rod on the jib, and fix it with support (3).
Remove the lifting wire rope, wind it around the rope drum, disconnect the power
supply, and dismount the cable. Remove the connecting pin shaft at hinge point at jib
root. Lower the entire jib and place it on the support on the ground. Rotate the jib to the
optimum position according to the site situation.
注意：如果辅助吊车起重能力不够,可分为两步拆卸臂架。
Note: if the hoisting capacity of auxiliary crane is not enough, the hoisting jib may be
removed in two steps.
45m、50m臂：
45m, 50m jibs:
a) 吊起臂架端部,拆除拉杆，将臂架端部放到地面。
Lift the jib end, remove the tie rod, and place the jib end onto the ground.
b) 吊起根部,将其放到地面。
Lift the root, and place it onto the ground.
55、60、65m臂：
55m, 60m and 65m jibs:
a) 小吊车吊起臂架端部,拆除拉杆,将臂架端部放至离地面高1m处。
Lift the jib end via a small crane, remove the tie rod, and place the jib end at 1m
from the ground.
b) 大吊车用两根8m的钢丝绳吊起臂根部,拆除销轴,将其放到地面,同时小吊车将臂端
亦放至地面。
Use 8m wire rope to lift the jib end via a large crane, remove the pin shaft, place
it onto the ground, and put the jib end onto the ground via a small crane.
也可安装特设的张紧器张紧滑轮组，以便拆卸连接板（4）和连接板（3）的连接销轴。
缓缓放松张紧器，直到拉杆放置到臂架上弦杆的支架上。用支架（3）将拉杆固定在臂架
上弦杆上。为保证臂架拆卸的安全，应按本章节所述的在臂架根部上系好吊索和在平衡
臂根部装上张紧器。拆除塔头上的安全绳，装上一根绳以引导臂架下落的吊索，将臂架
降到地面。
In addition, install special tension pulley block for tensioner to remove the pin shaft for
connection between connecting plates (4) and (3). Slowly loosen the tensioner until the
tie rod is located at the support of upper chord of jib. Fix the tie rod on the upper chord
of jib via the support (3). In order to make sure that the jib is removed safely, tie a sling
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at jib end and install a tensioner at counter-jib root as specified in this chapter. Remove
the safety rope at tower head, tie a rope to guide the sling to lower the jib, and lower
the jib onto the ground.
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4.6 拆卸平衡臂
Removal of counter-jib
拆卸前,应准备好放置不同部件的支架，切断起升机构电路并拆除电缆和钢丝绳。拆卸平
衡臂分两步进行：
Before removal, prepare the brackets for placement of different parts, disconnect the
power supply of hoisting winch, and remove cable and wire rope. Remove the
counter-jib in two steps:
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1) 拆卸剩余的平衡重
Removal of remaining counterweights
用辅助吊车将剩余的平衡重降至地面。
Lower the remaining counterweights onto the ground via auxiliary crane.
2) 拆卸平衡臂
Removal of counter jib
用2根8m（d20）的钢丝绳(2)中间对折,挂在平衡臂吊装点上,起吊平衡臂(1).提起平
衡臂将其倾斜一定角度以放松拉杆(见图A);抽出销轴(3),把拉杆放到平衡臂上(见图
B);拆下平衡臂连接销并将平衡臂方到地面(见图C).
Fold two 8m (d20) wire ropes (2) in two of the same length, hang them on the
lifting point of counter-jib and lift the counter-jib (1). Lift the counter-jib and tilt to a
certain angle to loosen the tie-rod (as shown in Figure A). Take out the pin shaft
(3) and place the tie-rod on the counter-jib (as shown in Figure B). Remove the
pin shaft of counter jib, and put the counter jib on the ground (as shown in Figure
C).
注意:平衡臂的拆卸时应系一根钢丝绳于平衡臂尾部以引导平衡臂下落.
Note: one wire rope should be tied at the end of counter-jib during removal
of counter-jib so as to guide the dropping of counter-jib.
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4.7 拆卸塔头,回转支承,塔身第一节,套架
Removal of tower head, slewing support, first section of tower and
cage
检查相邻两个组件电缆是否拆除。
Check whether two adjacent components are removed.
拆除塔头(见图A)。吊起塔头,绕过轴(1)的吊索尽可能短,拆除与回转下支承架连接的销轴
(2),将塔头落到地面。
Remove the tower head (as shown in Figure A). Lift the tower head. The sling around
the shaft (1) shall be as short as possible. Remove the pin shaft connected with lower
slewing support frame. Rest the tower head on the ground.
拆卸回转支承总成(见图B)。吊起套架,拆除与回转下支承架连接的销轴,将其支撑在塔身
的耳座上.用两根4m(d20)的钢丝绳和一根8m(d20)的钢丝绳吊起回转支承总成（将钢丝
绳套在销轴(3)上）,把回转支承总成从塔身标准节架上拆下来,放到地面。
Remove the slewing support assembly (as shown in Figure B). Lift the cage, remove
the pin shaft connected with lower slewing support frame, and support it on the lug
base. Use two 4m (d20) wire ropes and one 8m (d20) wire rope to lift the slewing
support assembly (tie the ropes on the pin shaft (3)), remove the slewing support
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assembly on the tower standard section and place it onto the ground.
拆卸塔身标准节和套架(见图C)。用二根8m(d20)长的钢丝绳套在鱼尾板销轴(4)上,拆除
塔身标准节.将塔身第一节从底盘上拆下来,并将塔身第一节放到地面。
Remove the tower standard section and cage (as shown in Figure C). Tie two 8m (d20)
wire ropes on the pin shaft (4) of fish plate. Remove the tower standard section.
Dismount the first section of tower from the chassis, and place it onto the ground.
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第六章安全须知
Chapter VI Safety Instructions
6.1 说明
Note
塔机由驾驶室控制,塔机驾驶员必须由经过培训合格并取得劳动部门颁发的塔机驾驶操
作许可证的人担任。在驾驶操作过程中，驾驶员必须始终在自己的岗位上以便塔机在整
个工作循环过程中,载荷处于可见范围内。
The tower crane is controlled from cab. The cab driver must be qualified via training
and have obtained the tower crane driving license issued by the labor department.
During driving operation, the driver must stay on own post so that he can always see
the load during the whole working cycle of tower crane.
从地面起吊重物; 起升，回转和变幅; 放低和降下载荷。
Lift weight from the ground: lifting, slewing and traveling; lowering and dropping load.
在塔机投入运行之前,立塔安装之后的塔机须进行各种调试,其调试方法见操作说明。
Before the tower crane is put into operation, the erected tower crane must be
commissioned according to the commissioning methods in the Operating Instructions.
估计载荷的重量及幅度，对司机的一个基本要求就是能够尽可能准确地估计吊重大小,
切记还应包括吊笼或抓斗等吊具的重量(吊具上应标出重量)。
Estimate the load weight and trolley travelling. The basic requirement for a driver is to
estimate the load weight as accurate as possible. Always remember that the hoisting
weight shall also include the sling weight such as lifting basket or grab bucket (sling
weight shall be marked on its surface).
为了能准确地估计出工作半径,在臂架的10m处起,以后每隔5m或10m处应插上幅度标示
牌。
In order to accurately estimate the working radius, the radius marking plates shall be
provided at an interval of 5m or 10m, starting from the place that is 10m from the jib.
6.2 安全须知
Safety instructions
本塔机适用环境温度为-20°C～40°C。
The applicable ambient temperature of this tower is -20°C~40°C.
1. 在安装塔机前,必须检查安装场地是否允许塔机在加负荷的情况下能够自由转动。
Before installation of tower crane, check whether the tower crane can rotate
freely in the installation site with load.
2. 塔机应安装在平整的地面上,如果一侧凹下,应保证不会发生地面下沉和和塌方的
危险；轨道端部的地面绝不允许有凹坑和孔洞。
The tower crane shall be installed on the flat ground; if one side is depressed,
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make sure that there is no risk of ground subsidence and landslides. No pit and
hole is allowed on the ground of rail end.
3. 不允许随意更改和调整安全装置。
Do not change and adjust the safety devices without authorization.
4. 经常检查各限位开关动作的准确性和可靠性。
Check the limit switches for accuracy and reliability from time to time.
5. 不准倾斜起吊重物。
Do not lift the load in an inclined manner.
6. 不准用回转机构和变幅小车推拉工作。
Do not push or pull with the slewing mechanism and travelling trolley.
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7. 千万不要起吊埋在地下和压在其他物件下或紧固住的重物，附加力将造成非常危险
的后果！！！
Do not lift the loads that are buried in the ground, pressed by other items or
fastened firmly in all cases, because the additional force will cause very
dangerous consequences!
8. 不要在司机视野受阻碍的地方起吊重物。
Do not lift the loads when driver's vision is obstructed.
9. 注意风速。最大风速接近20m/S（相当于8级风）时，应停止工作。塔机停止工作
时，应遵循本章中的10，11，12条规定。
Pay attention to the wind speed. When the maximum wind speed is approx.
20m/S (equivalent to the fresh gale), stop the works. When the tower crane stops
working, follow the specifications in sections 10, 11 and 12 of this chapter.
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10. 塔机停止工作时，不准悬挂重物。
When the tower crane stops working, do not hang the load.
11. 塔机停止工作时，应将小车移至起重臂根部，并使臂架自由回转，把吊钩升至小车
附近。
When the tower crane stops working, move the trolley to the hoisting jib root, and
let the jib rotate freely to raise the hook up to the position near the trolley.
12. 塔机停止工作时，切记切断电源。
When the tower crane stops working, never forget to turn off the power;
13. 精心保养塔机，仔细检查受磨损的部件（如制动器，钢丝绳等）。
Carefully maintain the tower crane, and check the worn parts (such as brakes,
wire rope, etc.).
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14. 在保养塔机和进行装卸操作时，操作人员必须穿工作服，戴安全帽并系好符合安全
要求的安全带。
During maintenance of tower crane and when carrying out loading and unloading
operations, the operator must wear work clothes, helmet and safety belt in
compliance with safety requirements.
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第七章电气系统
Chapter VII Electrical System
7.1 电气系统
Electrical system
QTZ7013 电气元件明细表
List of QTZ7013 Electrical Elements
代号名称型号数量备注
Code Description Model Qty. Remarks
起升电气
1M Motor of hoisting YZRW250M2-6 1 37KW
winch
液压推杆制动器
YM1 Hydraulic push-rod YWZ-300/45 1
brake
电磁离合器
YC1 YC2 Electromagnetic DLM5-63A 2
clutch
总交流接触器
KM CJ20-160 1 ~380V
Master AC contactor
交流接触器
KM1 LC1-D129+LA1-D20 1 ~380V
AC contactor
交流接触器
KM2-3 LC1-D95 2 ~380V
AC contactor
交流接触器
KT LC1-D129 1 ~380V
AC contactor
交流接触器
KM5-7 LC1-D95 3 ~380V
AC contactor
交流接触器
K1,k2,km4 LC1-D129 3 ~380V
AC contactor
电机保护器
IFS1 GDH-10/80 1
Motor protector
辅助触头
KM LA1-D22 1
Auxiliary contact
辅助触头
KM1 LA1-D20 1
Auxiliary contact
空气延时头
KT Air time-delay LA2-D24 1
terminal
控制变压器 BK500
T1 1
Control transformer 380V/55V-70V
控制变压器
T2 BK250 380V/27V 1
Control transformer
放电电阻
R ZG11-200 1 20Ω
Discharge resistor
放电电阻
R1,R2 ZG11-75 2 20Ω
Discharge resistor
F1-2,F3-4,Q1 断路器
C45N-2/10A 3
-2 Circuit breaker
1V1-4，硅堆
QL600-20A 2
1V10,1V11 Silicon stack
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1V5，二极管
2CZ5A/300V 3
1V10,1V11 Diode
欠电流继电器
FS3,FS4 JL14-20ZQ/2.5A 2
Under-current relay
相序与缺相保护器
JX Phase sequence XJ5 1
and lack-phase
protector
起升调速电阻
Hoisting 非标
IR ZX15 3
speed-regulation Non-standard
resistor
高度限位器
GSQ DXZ1：274 1
Height limiter
力矩限位开关
LSQ1,LSQ2 JLXK1-411 2
Torque limit switch
重量限位开关
FSQ1-3 MSWL 3
Weight limit switch
电铃
HA1 UN4-200/220V 1
Electric bell
电压检测开关
S Voltage detection XHV-1 1
switch
空气自动开关
QF HF-150A 1
Automatic air switch
电笛
HA2 DDJ1/220V 1
Electric whistle
变挡开关
SA0 LS2-3 1
Shift switch
熔断器
2F RLA1/10A 1
Fuse
灯开关
SA1,SA3 LS2-2 2
Lamp switch
电源指示灯
HL NXD2/220V 1
Power indicator
按钮
SB1-3 LA18-11 3
Button
单相插座
X1,X2 250/10A 2
Single-phase socket
回转电机
2M1,2M2 YZRW-132M2-6 2 3.7KW
Slewing motor
电机保护器
2FS1 GDH-10/20 1
Motor protector
交流接触器
2K1-2 LC1-D40 2
AC contactor
交流接触器
2K5-10 LC1-D25 6 ~380V
AC contactor
辅助触头
2K1,2K2 LA2-D02 2 ~380V
Auxiliary contact
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空气延时器
2K6 Air time-delay LA2-D22 1
terminal
控制变压器 BK-650
2T1 1
Control transformer 380V/27V-10V
二极管
2V5,2V10 2CZ10/300V 2
Diode
管形电阻
2R1,2R11 ZG11-200 2
Tubular resistor
管形电阻
2R2,2R3 ZG11-75 2
Tubular resistor
硅堆
2V1-4,2V6-9 QL20A/600V 2
Silicon stack
断路器
Q2,Q3,Q4 C45N-2/10 3
Circuit breaker
回转限位器
2SQ1-2 DXZ1:46 1
Slewing limiter
回转，力矩限位器
2SQ3,LSQ1 Slewing and torque JLXK1-411 2
limiter
电机配
涡流制动器
YB1-2 Provide for
Eddy-current brake
motor
直流制动器
Y1-2 DZBⅡ-8 2 24V
DC brake
调速电阻
非标
2R Speed regulation ZX2 2
Non-standard
resistor
小车变幅电机
2.2/2.5/3.5K
3M Trolley travelling YZDE132-12/8/4 1
W
motor
3KMZ,3KM 交流接触器
LC1-D259+LA1-D40 2 ~380
F AC contactor
3KM1,3KM 交流接触器
LC1-D259 2 ~380
4 AC contactor
交流接触器
3KM2 LC1-D259+LA2-D22 1 ~380
AC contactor
交流接触器
3KM3 LC1-D259+LA1-D11 1 ~380
AC contactor
3KA1,3KA 中间继电器
CA2-DN122 2 ~380
3 Intermediate relay
中间继电器 CA2-DN122+LA2-D2
3KA2 1 ~380
Intermediate relay 2
中间继电器 CA2-DN122+LA2-D2
3KA4 1 ~380
Intermediate relay 2
断路器
3QF CN45-3/15A 1
Circuit breaker
断路器
1QF CN45-2/3A 1
Circuit breaker
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硅堆
3V1,3V2 QL600-20A 1
Silicon stack
FWL,BWL,
多功能限位开关
FW,
Multi-function limit DZX1:64 1
DEC,BWD
EC switch
限位开关
LSQ3-4 JLXK1-411 1
Limit switch
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操作联动台安装接线图
Installation and wiring diagram of operating linkage console
155
Left control box Right control box
广西建机
Right
lowering
(Hoisting)
(travelling)
Left rotation Right rotation Downward Upwards
Left
Lifting
rear
Right
(Trolley)
(slewing)
Right
Left
Front
Backward Forward
Backward Forward
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Hoisting master Stop button
switch
Slewing master Start button
switch
Trolley master Bell button
switch Heavy
shift
Master Shift switch
switch Light
Voltage detection Spotlight shift
switch switch
Voltmeter Obstruction
light switch
Power indicator Foot switch
Power socket
操作室外电缆接线图
External cable wiring diagram of operating room
Electrical layout
plan
Electrical
Resistor
cabinet
cabinet
157
起升电机超高限位开关
1M GSQ
Hoisting motor Over-height limit switch
回转电机回转限位开关
2M1-2 2SQ1-2
Slewing motor Slewing limit switch
小车电机小车限位开关
3M FWL
Trolley motor Trolley limit switch
液压顶升电机力矩限位开关
4M BWL
Hydraulic jacking motor Torque limit switch
起升电阻重量限位开关
2R FSQ
Hoisting resistor Weight limit switch
塔顶障碍灯
电气控制柜
L HL1 Obstruction light at tower
Electrical control cabinet
top
塔顶障碍灯
液压控制箱
Y HL2 Obstruction light at tower
Hydraulic control box
top
回转电阻
1R
Slewing resistor
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第八章起升机构
Chapter VIII Hoisting Winch
8.1 说明
Introduction
起升机构包括：电机（1），弹性柱销联轴器（2），变速箱（3），制动器（4），联轴器（5），
卷筒（6），起升高度限位器（7），电磁离合器（8）
Hoisting winch includes: Motor (1), elastic pin coupling (2), gearbox (3), brake (4),
coupling (5), drum (6), hoisting limiter (7), electromagnetic clutch (8).
8.2 起升机构传动示意图
Schematic Diagram of Hoisting Winch Drive
8.3 工作原理
Working principle
本塔机采用了 YZR250M2-8，37KW 涡流调速电机，通过弹性联轴节带动变速箱（变速
箱采用电磁离合器变挡。可获得 2 种传动比）再驱动卷筒，可根据吊重选择不同的滑轮
倍率。当选用 2 绳时。可得到底 96,48,<5 米/分三种速度，选用 4 绳时，可得到 48,24,<2.5
米/分三种速度。此外在变速箱Ⅱ轴的另一端装有 YWZ300/45 型液压推杆制动器，在卷
筒支座的外端装有高度限位器。
For the tower crane, a 37KW eddy current variable-speed motor YZR250M2-8 is used.
Elastic pin coupling drives gearbox (electromagnetic clutch gearshift is used for
gearbox to obtain two gear ratios) and then drives drum. Different multiplying factors of
pulley should be selected in accordance with load. In case of 2-fall selection, three
speeds of 96, 48 and <5m can be obtained; in case of 4-fall selection, three speeds of
48, 24 and <2.5 can be obtained. In addition, an YWZ300/45 type hydraulic push-rod
brake is installed at the other end of gearbox II shaft, and a height limiter is installed at
the outer end of drum base.
起升机构是由是涡流制动器和转子串电阻调速，在塔机工作中涡流制动器用于慢就位和
低速档。它有一个与电机同轴转动的滚筒（电枢）和感应器（内有磁极和激磁绕组组成）。
涡流制动器的工作原理：
The speed of hoisting winch is adjusted by eddy current brake and rotor series
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resistance. In the operation of tower crane, eddy current brake is used for slow location
and low speed gear. It has a drum (armature) of coaxial rotation with motor and an
inductor (composed of magnetic pole and excitation winding). The working principle of
eddy current brake is described as follows:
1) 在激磁绕组中要通有直流电，即有激磁时，磁极上产生磁通。
Direct current is energized in excitation winding. That is to say, the magnetic pole
produces magnetic flux.
2) 当电机通电后，带动涡流制动器电枢旋转，此时磁极上磁通切割电枢表面产生涡流。
After energization, the motor drives the armature rotation of eddy current brake,
and the armature surface is cut by magnetic flux on magnetic pole to produce
eddy current.
3) 涡流与磁通相互作用产生转矩，此转矩与电机转矩相反则起制动作用。制动力矩的
大小取决于激磁电流，电路中用改变变压器副方抽头达到，电压高激磁电流大则制
动力矩大。
Eddy current and magnetic flux interact to produce a torque, and this torque is
opposite to motor torque, so as to produce braking action. The size of brake
moment depends on exciting current, and it is controlled by change in secondary
tap of transformer in the circuit. In case of high voltage, the exciting current is
high and the brake moment is high.
涡流制动器电路简单，对直流要求不高，电路中用 1V1-4 二极管桥式整流后取得其它都
为保护电路，由于它坚固耐用，一般不易出故障，维护方便现广泛使用，但其负截率仅
15%，故不能长期使用，控制电路中用时间继电器 KT 控制 KM4，使用时间一般调整在
30 秒～40 秒之间。
Eddy current brake circuit is simple with a low requirement for direct current. In the
circuit, others are obtained after 1V1-4 diode bridge rectification for the purpose of
circuit protection. Because it is sturdy and durable, it is not easy to malfunction
generally. Moreover, as it is convenient for maintenance, now it is widely used.
However, its load factor is only 15%, thus long-term usage is impossible. In the control
circuit, time relay KT is used to control KM4. Usage time is generally adjusted between
30s~40s.
（由于涡流本身要发热，在工作时其能量消耗在滚筒表面，表面如有水分或油可能引起
冒烟，这属于正常现象。）
(As eddy current itself will give out heat, its energy is consumed on the drum surface
during operation. If water or oil on the surface may cause smoke, it is a normal
phenomenon.)
注：每天上班前必须检查联轴器尼龙销的完好情况，如存在断或裂的情况，必须马上更
换，方可使用，以确保使用安全。
Note: Before working hours every day, it is required to check coupling nylon pins in
good condition. In case of breakage or crack, it should be replaced immediately before
usage, for the purpose of safe usage.
8.4 起升限位器
Hoisting limiter
8.4.1 用途:其用途在于防止可能出现的操纵失误。包括:
Application: it is used to avoid possible misoperations, including:
8.4.1.1 当吊钩滑轮组一接近臂架上的变幅小车时，即停止其上升运动。
Once the hook tackle-block approaches traveling trolley on the jib, it will stop
ascending.
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8.4.1.2 在下降时，防止钢丝绳完全放出及以相反的方向缠绕在卷筒上。
During descending, prevent the wire rope from being completely extended or winding
on the drum in opposite direction.
8.4.2 工作原理
Working principle
它是带有一减速装置的限位开关，可由卷筒直接驱动，也可由固接于卷筒上的大齿轮啮
合小齿轮来驱动，记下卷筒的转数以及绳索缭绕长度。减速装置驱动若干个凸块（1），
这些凸块作用于断路器（2）从而切断相应的运动。
It is a limit switch installed with speed reducer, which can be directly driven by the drum
and also driven by the bull wheel being engaged with pinion that is fixed and
connected with drum and is able to record the number of turns of the drum and coiling
length of the rope. The speed reducer drives several bosses (1) which act on the
circuit breaker (2) to cut off corresponding motion.
8.4.3 调整
Adjustment
调整必须在空载下进行.调整时操纵起升或下降并且用手操纵触点(A)或(D),以便确定切
断控制运动的触点是哪一个(见图 1)。
Adjustment must be done on no load condition. Operate the ascending or descending
and operate the contact (A) or (D) manually so as to find out the contact that cuts off
the controlling motion (see Fig. 1).
1) 调整起升超高限位器
Adjustment of hoisting over-height limiter
双绳起升,直至变幅小车与吊钩滑轮组仅相距 1m 的距离(见图 3),检查起升用相应
的调整螺钉旋动凸块(4),直至压下相应的触点(D)。(见图 2)
Hoist with two ropes, until the distance between the travelling trolley and hook
tackle-block is only 1m (see Fig. 3), turn the boss (4) with associated adjusting
screw, until corresponding contact (D) is depressed (see Fig. 2).
2) 调整起升超低限位器
Adjustment of hoisting over-low limiter
四绳下降,用相应的调整螺钉旋动凸块(1)调整触点(A),要求达到在吊钩接触地面前
停下来。(见图 4)
Drop with four ropes, turn the boss (1) with associated adjusting screw to adjust
the contact (A), it is required to stop before the hook touches the ground (see Fig.
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4).
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
162
Fig. 3 Fig. 4
163
第九章回转机构
Chapter IX Slewing Mechanism
9.1 说明
Introduction
回转运动由两套相同的回转机构来执行，每套机构的组成分别由涡流调速电机（1）,制
动器（2）,行星齿轮减速器（3）,小齿轮（4）,回转大齿圈（5）。
The slewing motion is carried out by two sets of the same slewing mechanism, of
which each mechanism consists of eddy current variable-speed motor (1), brake (2),
planetary gear reducer (3), pinion (4) and big slewing gear ring (5).
9.2 回转机构传动示意图
Schematic Diagram of Slewing Mechanism Drive
9.3 工作原理
Working principle
回转机构由 YZR132M2-6，2×3.7KW 电机驱动，经立式行星齿轮减速器带动回转小齿轮，
从而带动置于塔机上部的旋转塔身。起重臂架和平衡臂等左右回转，其转速为 0.43r/min，
由于采用涡流调速，使回转起动和制动平稳，常开式的电磁制动器在回转机构断电停机
后使用，能使吊重定位准确。
The slewing mechanism is driven by YZR132M2-6, 2×3.7KW motors, and the slewing
pinion is driven via vertical planetary gear reducer, so as to enable the rotating tower,
hoisting jib and counter-jib to be slewed left and right at rotating speed of 0.43r/min.
For the reason that the speed is varied by eddy current to allow stable slewing startup
and braking, the normally-open electromagnetic brake is used after the slewing
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mechanism is power off and shut down, which can make the hoisting winch positioned
accurately.
9.4 回转限位器
Slewing limiter
1) 用途
Usage
该装置用于不带集电器的塔机,其目的是防止电缆线绞绕而损坏。
The device is used for a tower crane without current collector, whose purpose is
to prevent it from being damaged due to winding of cable.
2) 工作原理
Working principle
带有减速装置的回转限位器通过其上的小齿轮(1)直接与回转大齿轮圈啮合,当塔机
回转时,塔机回转圈数即被记录下来。该减速装置带动凸轮(2),凸轮(2)上的凸块压下
微动开关(3),从而断开相应的回转控制电路,停止回转运动。
Working principle: The slewing limiter with speed reducer is engaged with the big
slewing gear ring by the pinion (1). When the tower crane is slewing, the
operating condition is recorded after the tower crane is slewed for several turns.
The speed reducer drives the cam (2) to enable the boss on the cam (2) to
depress the microswitch (3), so that corresponding slewing control circuit is
disconnected to stop slewing motion.
3) 调节
Adjustment
在空载下进行调整。操纵<<左回转>>或<<右回转>>,并手动压下触点(A),以确定哪
一个凸块断开相应的运动。
Adjustment: The adjustment is carried out in non-load condition. Manipulate
<<Left slewing>> or <<Right slewing>>, and manually press the contact (A) to
determine which boss is separated from corresponding motion.
a 右回转限位的调整(2SQ2)
Adjustment of right slewing limiter (2SQ2)
放置旋转臂架至电缆线不发生绞绕的位置(即立塔后的臂架位置),向右回转1
圈半,然后调节凸块(4),并检查其动作,直至压下相应的开关触点(5)。
Place the rotating jib to the position (namely position of the jib behind the
vertical tower) where the cable is not wound, rotate the rotating jib for one
and half turns right, and then adjust the boss (4), and check its actuation
until the corresponding contact (5) is pressed.
b 左回转限位的调整(2SQ1)
Adjustment of left slewing limiter (2SQ1)
向相反方向旋转三圈,调整凸块(6)直至压下触点(7)。
Rotate the jib one and half turns in clockwise direction, and adjust the boss
(6) until the contact (7) is pressed.
注: 塔机每天投入使用前都必须检查上述调整情况。
Note: The adjustment mentioned above must be inspected every day before the
tower crane is put into service.
每次转移新场地时,在塔机投入使用前取下限位器下部的塞子,排去积水,塔机在运输过程
中必须塞上塞子。
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Every time the tower crane is re-located to a new place, it is required to remove the
plug at lower part of the limiter to drain accumulated water before the tower crane is
put into service. The plug must be mounted in the process of transportation of the
tower crane.
9.5 回转齿圈紧固螺栓的定期检查
Periodic Inspection of Slewing Gear Ring Fastening Bolt
检查周期:工作的第一个100小时和500小时后,检查螺栓的预紧扭矩,此后每工作1000小
时检查一次预紧扭矩。
Inspection period: Inspect pre-tightening torque of the bolt first 100 hours and 500
hours after the crane is put into service; thereafter, inspect the pre-tightening torque
every 1,000 operating hours.
检查方法:
Inspection method:
* 运转塔机,确保被检螺栓在载荷和平衡重的作用下不受拉力。
Operate the tower crane, and ensure the bolt to be inspected is free from tensile
force under influence of the load and counterweight.
* 用力矩扳手,必要时用增力力矩扳手按下表所规定的数值检查螺栓的预紧力矩。
Use a torque wrench or torque multiplier wrench to inspect pre-tightening torque
as per the torque values specified in following table if necessary.
* 随时更换螺栓:检查中,可能会出现一个或几个螺栓的预紧力超出表中所列的最大
值或最小值范围,在这种情况下,有必更换其中部分螺栓。
Replace the bolt from time to time: during inspection, pre-tightening torque of
one or several bolts may exceed the maximum or minimum values listed in the
following table, and some of these bolts must be replaced in such cases.
* 定期更换螺栓:在回转齿圈组件中所使用的螺栓每隔七年必须全部更换一次.
Replace the bolts on a regular basis: The bolts used in the slewing gear ring
assembly must be replaced every seven years.
* 螺栓的再紧固:每当更换螺栓或重新组装了回转齿圈(通常是用新螺栓)都必须在塔
机工作几周后再一次将螺栓紧固到额定力矩值。拧紧螺栓时,应在螺纹及螺母端面
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涂润滑油,并用扭矩扳手在圆周方向对称均匀多次拧紧，最后一遍拧紧时,各个螺栓
上的预紧力矩应大致均等,并符合表中规定值。
Re-tightening of the bolts: The bolts must be tightened to rated torque value
again after the tower crane is operated for several weeks where the bolts are
replaced or slewing gear ring is re-assembled (normally by use of new bolts).
When tightening the bolts, it is required to apply grease on the thread and nut
end face, and use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts symmetrically for several
times in circumferential direction, and when tightening the bolts for the last time,
pre-tightening torque of each bolt should be approximately equal, and conform to
specified value in the table.
10.9级螺栓 8.8级螺栓
Grade 10.9 Bolt Grade 8.8 Bolts
螺栓规格
拧紧力矩(N.m) 拧紧力矩(N.m)
Size of
Tightening Torque (N.m) Tightening Torque (N.m)
Bolts
最大额定最小最大额定最小
Maximum Rated Minimum Maximum Rated Minimum
M27 1500 1350 1200 1050 950 850
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第十章小车变幅机构
Chapter X Trolley Travelling Mechanism
10.1 说明
Introduction
小车变幅机构主要由电动机（1）、减速机（2）和卷筒（3）等三部分组成。
The trolley travelling mechanism is mainly composed of motor (1), reducer (2) and
drum (3).
1. 电动机 2. 减速机 3.卷筒 4. 支承座 5. 多功能限位器

1. Motor 2. Reducer 3. Drum 4. Supporting seat 5. Multi-function limiter
变幅机构设计有变频调速和涡流电机调速，通过改变供电电源的频率或电机涡流电压及
转子串接电阻，以获得不同的速度，详见电器原理图。
The trolley travelling mechanism is designed with variable frequency speed control
and eddy current motor speed control. Different speeds can be obtained by changing
the supply source frequency or motor eddy current voltage and rotor series resistance.
For details, see the electrical schematic diagram.
当采用涡流电机调速时，在过渡法兰盘内安装有一个常闭式制动器，其直流电压为24V，
如没有直流电压24V时，需要打开制动器，以便于立塔安装卷绕钢丝绳时，先把法兰盘
上两个对称塑料盖拿掉，然后把两孔内的M8螺栓往衔铁上顶紧即可，待制动器直流电压
接通后再将螺栓调回原位。如下图：
If an eddy current motor is used for speed control, a normally closed brake is installed
in spacer flange, of which the direct current is 24V. In case of no DC 24V, it is required
to open the brake, so as to remove two symmetrical plastic covers on the flange firstly
and then tighten M8 bolts in two holes toward armature, in the process of coiled wire
rope installation during tower erection. After DC voltage connection of brake, the bolts
can be re-adjusted to the original positions, as shown in the following figure.
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Motor
Flange
Coil
Armature
M8 bolt
Reducer
10.2 工作原理
Working principle
小车变幅机构是载重小车的动力装置，由 YZRW132M2-6,3.7kW 电机经联轴器和常闭式
制动器，通过蜗轮蜗杆减速器带动卷筒，再通过钢丝绳使载重小车在臂架轨道上来回进
行变幅运动，牵引绳两端分别固定在载重小车上，变幅时靠钢丝绳的一收一放来保证载
重小车正常工作。卷筒一端装有变幅行程限位开关。（由于电机起重特性较软，重载工况
下操作手柄放在一挡有时电机会出现堵转现象，请把手柄放在二挡或三挡上）
The trolley traveling mechanism is a power unit of the load-bearing trolley. The motor
YZRW132M2-6, 3.7kW drives the drum via coupling, NC brake and gear worm reducer,
thus to enable the load-bearing trolley to be traveled on the jib track through steel wire
rope. Both ends of the pull rope are fixed onto the load-bearing trolley, respectively.
During travel, normal operation of the load-bearing trolley is guaranteed by retraction
of the steel wire rope. One end of the drum is provided with a travel limit switch. At one
end, drum is mounted with traveling travel limit switch. (As the hoisting characteristics
of motor are soft, the motor may stall in case the operating handle is placed at the first
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gear under heavy duty; please place the handle at the second or third gear.)
变幅机构变频调速详见附录 1。
For variable frequency speed control of trolley travelling mechanism, see Appendix 1.
10.3 幅度限位器
Trolley traveling limiter
1) 用途
Purpose
幅度限位器可防止操作失误，使小车在碰到臂端或臂根处的缓冲器前即停止运动。
The trolley traveling limiter can prevent misoperation, enabling the trolley to stop
motion before it touches the bumper at jib end or jib root.
2) 工作原理
Working principle
幅度限位器内有一减速装置，通过一个小齿轮与固定于卷筒上的齿圈啮合，根据记
录的卷筒旋转圈数即可知道放出的绳长，减速装置带动若干个凸块（1），这些凸
块作用于断路器（2），切断相应的运动。
A speed reducer is provided in the trolley traveling limiter, which is engaged with
the gear ring fixed onto the drum through a pinion. The rope length extended can
be known based on recorded number of turns of the drum. The speed reducer
drives several bosses (1) which are applied to the microswitch (2) to stop
corresponding motion.
3) 调整
Adjustment
调整向外变幅减速安全装置：将小车开至距臂端橡胶块 1.5m 处，转动凸块（3）
直至其压下相应的触点（4）。
Adjust the outward traveling speed reduction and safety device: The trolley is
travelled to the place where it is 1.5m away from rubber block at the jib end, and
the boss (3) is turned until it presses corresponding microswitch contact (4).
要点：调整时应使上下两凸块对齐，以避免制动前中断减速过程。
Point: During adjustment, the upper and lower boss should be aligned to prevent
interruption of speed reduction before braking.
调整向外变幅限位器：将小车开至距臂端橡胶块 200 毫米处，转动凸块（5）直至
其压下相应的触点（6），此时不要再调整凸块（3）。
Adjust the outward traveling limiter: The trolley is travelled to the place where it is
200mm away from rubber block at the jib end, and the boss (5) is turned until it
presses corresponding microswitch contact (6). At this moment, it is not allowed
to adjust the boss (3).
调整向内变幅减速安全装置和向内变幅限位器：如上述调整，将小车开至臂根，转
动减速用凸块（7）使其压下触点（8），接着转动限位凸块（9）使其压下触点（10）。
Adjust the inward traveling speed reduction and safety device and inward
traveling limiter: As adjusted above, the trolley is travelled to the place of jib root,
and the boss (7) for rotating speed reduction is turned until it presses contact (8);
the limiting boss (9) is turned until it presses contact (10).
注：在塔机投入使用前，每天都应检查该项调整。
Note: Before the tower crane is put into service, it is required to check the
adjustment above every day.
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每一次转运到新场地在塔机投入使用前，必须拔下位于限位器下部的塞子，排去其
中的积水。塔机运输过程中必须再塞上塞子。
Every time the tower crane is transported to a new site and before the tower
crane is put into service, the plug at lower part of the limiter must be removed to
drain accumulated water. During transportation of the tower crane, the plug must
be installed.
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第十一章安全装置
Chapter XI Safety Devices
11.1 起重量限制器的调整
Adjustment of lifting weight limiter
11.1.1 起重量限制器
Lifting weight limiter
(1) 工作原理：被吊物的重量通过钢丝绳施加到销轴传感器上，销轴受力产生的电信号
经过放大、处理后，与预先设定的重量门限值信号比较，驱动相关继电器，分别实
现对 105%重量报警、电铃（90%重量预警）、50%重量和 25%重量档位控制，具
有如下特点：
Working principle: the weight of the lifted load is applied to the pin shaft sensor
via wire rope, the electric signal generated by pin shaft due to the force applied
will be compared with the pre-set weight threshold values after amplification and
processing to drive relative relay so as to realize respectively 105% weight alarm,
electric bell (90% weight pre-alarm), 50% weight and 25% weight gear control.
Detailed features are as follows:
● 采用数字滤波算法，可抑制动载对重量测量精度的影响；
Digital filter algorithm is adopted, which will suppress the impact of
dynamic load on weight measurement precision;
● 起重量门限值可根据用户修要实时修改；
Lifting weight threshold value can be modified in real-time according to
customer requirement;
● 销轴传感器安装简便；
Convenient pin shaft sensor installation;
● 主机采用标准导轨安装，安装简便，调试直观方便。
Main unit is installed with standard guide rail in a simple way, and
commissioning is visualized and convenient.
(2) 主机面板说明
Main unit panel instruction
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
红黄棕蓝上排接
电铃 105% 50% 25%
2 显示器 3
线端子
4
重量校准输
校准工作复位
入编码开关个位按键
跳过
校准指工作指
十分位校准
示灯示灯
测试确定下排接
测试按键
线端子
传感器
黑白绿红 220V 地
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Upper row
红黄棕蓝
Red Yellow Brown Blue
电铃
Electric 105% 50% 25% of terminal
显示器
Display bell
Weight
calibration
input code 校准工作
Calibrate
Work Work复位reset
switch
个位
Single
digit
indicator Button
light skip
Calibration 跳过
十分位
tenths digit indicator
light 校准
Calibrate
测试
test 确定
Confirm
Test button
Lower
2 3 4
row of
传感器 sensor
terminal
黑白绿红
Black white green red 220V 地
earth
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
起重量限制器面板示意图
Schematic diagram of the panel of lifting weight limiter
1) 左边由上到下依次为重量校准用个位（1.0）和十分位（0.1）旋转拨码开关。
From top to bottom on the left is the single digit (1.0) and tenths digit (0.1)
rotation dip switch for use of weight calibration.
2) 左下角按键为“测试”按键，按下该按键时起重量限制器电铃（90%重量预警）
继电器闭合，25%～105%继电器全部断开；
The button on the left bottom is “test”, the electric bell (90% weight
pre-alarm) relay of lifting weight limiter will close and all 25%~105% relays
will open when this button is pressed;
3) 左上角有两个矩形双色发光二极管，其中左边的为校准指示灯、右边为工作
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2 3 4
指示灯；分别用绿色、黄色、红色、以及灯光闪烁来表示起重量限制器的“工
作”和“校准”状态；
On the left top corner, there are two rectangular bi-colour LED, among
which, the left one is calibration indicator lamp, the right one is work
indicator lamp; green, yellow, red lamps and blinking lamp are used
respectively for “work” and “calibration” statuses of lifting weight limiter;
4) 右边 4 个按键从上至下依次为“复位”、“跳过”、“校准”和“确定”按键。
The four buttons on the right side are “reset”, “skip”, “calibrate” and
“confirm” buttons successively.
(3) 起重量限制器安装
Installation of lifting weight limiter
1) 销轴传感器的安装如下图所示：
The installation of pin shaft sensor is as shown in the following figure:
在安装时，请务必保证安装后销轴传感器侧面箭头与两条钢丝绳（滑轮进绳
与出绳）夹角中心线基本一致。
When installing, please be sure that the centerline of included angles
between lateral arrow on the pin sensor and two steel wire ropes (incoming
rope and outgoing rope of the pulley) are basically the same
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Force measurement shaft

installation position
Transitional
section
QTZ7013 塔机测力轴安装图
QTZ7013 Tower crane TCX force measurement shaft installation drawing
2) 起重量限制器主机安装如下：
Installation of the main unit of lifting weight limiter is as follows:
将主机直接安装在电气柜内部导轨即可，电气线路安装如下图所示：
Only need to install the main unit directly on the internal guide rail of
electric cabinet, the electric circuit installation is as shown in the following
figure:
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
红黄棕蓝电铃控
4 制继电
105% 50% 25%
显示器
2 3
器接线区
可选重量显
示器接线区校准工作复位
个位
跳过
十分位校准
测试确定
电源、地线
销轴传感传感器接线区
器接线区黑白绿红 220V 地
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
area for
红黄 Brown
Red Yellow 棕 Blue
蓝电铃
Electric 105% 50% 25% control
relay
Wiring area for the 显示器
Display bell
display of the
selectable weight 校准 Work
Calibrate 工作复位
reset
个位
Single digit
跳过
skip
十分位
tenths digit
校准
Calibrate
测试
test 确定
Confirm
2 3 4
Wiring area for pin 传感器

sensor
Wiring area
shaft sensor 黑
Black白white 绿红
green red 220V 地
earth
for power
supply and
ground wire
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
电气安装图
Electric installation Drawing
a) 左下角 1～4 脚为销轴传感器接线端子，安装时，将销轴传感器不同颜
色导线按照起重量限制器面板安装颜色指示连接到 1～4 接线端子。
1~4 pins on the left bottom are pin shaft sensor terminals, during
installation, connect the pin shaft sensor conductors of different
colors with 1~4 terminals according to the lifting weight limiter panel
installation color indication.
b) 右下角为 9、11 脚为 220V（AC）电源端子、13 脚为地线端子，输入
电压范围：220V -20%～+10%。
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2 3 4
On the right bottom, pins 9, 11 are for 220V (AC) power supply
terminal, pin 13 is for ground wire terminal, and the input voltage
range is: 220V -20%~+10%.
c) 右上角 6～13 脚为控制继电器接线端子，从左到右依次为电铃（90%
重量预警）、105%重量（报警）、50%重量限速、25%重量限速端子，
其中电铃为常开触点（250V/3A）其余为常闭触点（250V/3A）。
Pins 6~13 on the right top corner is for control relay terminal, from left
to right are electric bell (90% weight pre-alarm), 105% weight (alarm),
50% weight speed limit, 25% weight speed limit terminal, among
which, the electric bell is N/O contact (250V/3A), the rest is N/C
contact (250V/3A).
d) 左上角 1～4 脚为可选配的重量显示器接口端子，接线颜色依次为红色、
黄色、棕色和蓝色。
Pins 1~4 on the left top corner is optional weight display interface
terminal, the wiring color is red, yellow, brown and blue successively.
(4) 主机使用说明
Instruction of main unit utilization
1) 工作状态
Work status
将起重量限制器接入 220V 电源，在 2 秒内自检完毕自动进入工作状态。
Connect lifting weight limiter with 220V power supply, finish self-test within
2 seconds and enters into work status.
工作状态说明：
Instructions on work status:
a) 当起重量小于 25%额定起重量时，工作指示灯绿灯亮，除电铃（90%
重量预警）继电器断开外，其余继电器闭合。
When lifting weight is less than 25% of rated lifting weight, green
work indicator lamp will be on, except the electric bell (90% weight
pre-alarm) relay opens, the rest of relays will close.
b) 当起重量在 25%～50%额定起重量时，工作指示灯绿灯亮，25%继电
器和电铃（90%预警）继电器断开，其余继电器闭合。
When lifting weight is 25%~50% of rated lifting weight, green work
indicator lamp will be on, 25% relay and electric bell (90% pre-alarm)
relay will open, and the rest will close.
c) 当起重量在 50%～90%额定起重量时，工作指示灯绿灯亮，25%、50%
继电器和电铃（90%预警）继电器断开，105%继电器闭合。且蜂鸣器
“哔”响一下。
When lifting weight is 50%~90% of rated lifting weight, green work
indicator lamp will be on, 25% and 50% relays and electric bell (90%
pre-alarm) relay will open, and 105% relay will close. And buzzer will
sound a beep.
d) 当起重量在 90%～105%额定起重量之间时，蜂鸣器长间隔响，工作指
示灯黄灯闪烁（预警状态）时间间隔大约 2 秒，25%、50%继电器断
开、电铃（90%预警）继电器闭合，105%继电器闭合。
When lifting weight is 90%~105% of rated lifting weight, the buzzer
will beep at long interval, yellow work indicator lamp will blink
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(pre-alarm status) at an interval of about 2 seconds, 25% and 50%

relays will open, electric bell (90% pre-alarm) relay will close, and
105% relay will close.
e) 当起重量大于 105%额定起重量时，蜂鸣器短促响，红灯闪烁，电铃继
电器闭合，其余继电器全部断开。
When lifting weight is more than 105% of rated lifting weight, buzzer
will beep shortly, red lamp will blink, electric bell will close, all the rest
will open.
2) 校准状态
Calibration status
同时按“校准”与“确定”按键 2 秒钟以上然后松开，绿色校准灯亮，说明起重量
限制器已进入校准状态：
Press “calibrate” and “confirm” buttons at the same time for more than 2
seconds and then release, green calibration lamp will be on, it indicates
that lifting weight limiter is already in calibration status:
a) 绿色校准灯亮后，当确认起重机为空钩时，按“确定”键，起重量限制器
记录空钩重量后，自动转入重量校准状态（黄色校准灯亮）。
After green calibration lamp is on, when it’s confirmed that the crane
hook is not loaded, press “confirm”, lifting weight limiter will record
empty hook weight, and then automatically switch to weight
calibration status (yellow calibration lamp is on).
b) 在重量校准状态下，黄色校准灯亮后，如钢丝绳单绳受力小于 0.2 吨，
黄色校准灯会闪烁且蜂鸣器长间隔响，提示操作者此时用于校准的重
物重量太小，系统不允许做重量校准；
In weight calibration status, after yellow calibration lamp is on, if the
force applied on single wire rope is less than 0.2t, yellow calibration
lamp will blink and buzzer will beep at long interval to prompt
operator that the weight used for calibration is too light, and system
doesn’t allow for weight calibration.
当钢丝绳单绳受力大于 0.2 吨，黄色校准灯会自动亮起，待被吊物体
稳定下来后，按“确定”键，起重量限制器会记录当前重物的重量，自动
进入重量调整状态（红色校准灯亮）。
When the force applied on single wire rope is more than 0.2t, yellow
calibration lamp will be automatically on, after the weight is in stable
state, press “confirm”, lifting weight limiter will record the current
weight and automatically switch to weight adjustment status (red
calibration lamp is on).
建议在单绳受力大于 1 吨的情况下做重量校准，这样可提高起重量限
制器的校准精度。
It is suggested that the weight calibration should be performed
if the forces applied on a single rope is greater than 1 ton so as
to enhance the calibration accuracy of lifting weight limiter.
c) 在重量调整状态（红色校准指示灯亮），调整左边个位（1.0）与十分位
（0.1）数字与钢丝绳单绳受力一致，按下“确定”键完成校准过程。
In weight adjustment status (red calibration indicator lamp ON),
adjust single digit (1.0) and tenths digit (0.1) figure on left to conform
with the force applied on single rope, press “confirm” to finish
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calibration.
(5) 安装使用注意事项
Precaution of installation and utilization
1) 钢丝绳合力方向应与销轴标称受力方向一致。
The resultant force applied on the wire rope should have a direction
identical with that of the nominal force applied on the pin shaft.
2) 起重量限制器检测的是钢丝绳单绳受力状况，校准时操作者应考虑起重机当
前的滑轮倍率。
The lifting weight limiter detects the force applied on a single rope of the
wire rope. During calibration, the operator should take the current
multiplying factor of pulley of tower crane into consideration.
3) 起重量限制器内部继电器容量为 220V （3A）。
Internal relay capacity of lifting weight limiter is 220V (3A).
(6) 起重量限制器技术参数
Technical parameters of lifting weight limiter
输入电压：220V -10%～+20%
Input voltage: 220V -10%~+20%
输入功率：小于 3W
Input power: less than 3W.
重量限制范围：0~25.5 吨（单绳）可选
Limited weight range: 0~25.5t (single rope) optional
校准重量范围：0.2 吨~9.9 吨（单绳）
Calibration weight range: 0.2t~9.9t (single rope)
重量测量误差：小于 5%
Weight measurement error: less than 5%
工作温度：-40~+85℃
Working temperature: -40~+85℃
11.2 力矩限位器的调整
Adjustment of Torque Limiter
调整内容：（1）达到额定起重力矩 90%时报警，（2）超过 5%额定起重力矩时切断起升
卷扬机的上升回路，限制牵引小车只能向后，不能向前。
Details of adjustment: (1) when it reaches 90% of the rated hoisting torque, give an
alarm, (2) when it exceeds 5% of rated hoisting torque, cut off the hoisting winch
ascending circuit, and limit the hauling trolley to move backward only and not to move
forward.
调整方法：（以额定起重量 4t 为例）
Adjustment method: (Take the rated hoisting capacity of 4t as an example)
– 在起重臂设定幅度 R 处，用慢速起升额定起重量的 105%（G3），使其稍微离地（即
设定起重力矩值为额定起重力矩的 105%）。
At the set range R of hoisting jib, lift the rated hoisting capacity of 105% (G3)
slowly, so that it is slightly off the ground (that is to say, the set hoisting torque is
the rated hoisting torque of 105%).
– 松开行程开关 A 所对应的调整螺栓使之与行程开关 A 接触，停止起升的上升运动，
然后用螺母紧固。
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Loosen the adjusting bolt corresponding to travel switch A, so as to contact travel

switch A, and fix it with a nut after it stops ascending.
– 松开行程开关 B 所对应的调整螺栓使之与行程开关 B 接触，变幅小车在给定的幅
度处停止向前运动，然后用螺母固定。
Loosen the adjusting bolt corresponding to travel switch B, so as to contact travel
switch B, and fix it with a nut, after the travelling trolley stop moving forward at
the given range.
– 松开行程开关 C 所对应的调整螺栓使之与行程开关 C 接触，变幅小车在给定的幅
度 R 处起升额度起重量的 80%（G1）,变幅小车由高速转换为低速运行。
Loosen the adjusting bolt corresponding to travel switch C, so as to contact
travel switch C; the travelling trolley lifts the rated hoisting capacity of 80% (G1) at
the given range R, and the travelling trolley operates from high speed to low
speed.
– 松开行程开关 D 所对应的调整螺栓使之与行程开关 D 接触，变幅小车在设定幅度
R 处起升额度起重量的 90%（G2）（即额定起重量力矩值 90%时报警），注意：以
上行程开关 A、B、C、D 的调整需反复几次，但限制器一经调整好后，不允许乱
动，因为塔机的安全取决于这些安全装置是否可靠。
Loosen the adjusting bolt corresponding to travel switch D, so as to contact
travel switch D; the travelling trolley lifts the rated hoisting capacity of 90% (G2) at
the given range R (that is to say, in case of the rated hoisting torque of 90%, give
an alarm). Note: The above travel switches (A, B, C, D) require several
adjustments. However, once the limiter is adjusted properly, it is forbidden to
touch, because the safety of tower crane depends on the safety device’s
reliability.
（以 10t 为例）
(Take 10t as an example)
起重量 G1 起重量 G2 起重量 G3
臂杆长度设定幅度
Hoisting Hoisting Hoisting
Jib length Set range
capacity G1 capacity G2 capacity G3
L(m) R(m)
(Kg) (Kg) (Kg)
70 30 3244 3650 4258
65 30 3488 3924 4578
60 30 4088 4600 5365
55 30 4272 4806 5607
50 30 4484 5044 5885
45 30 4684 5269 6147
40 30 4564 5134 5990
180
调整螺钉上焊接板
下焊接板弹性圆环
A A
弓形板 A B C D
M10
环铁连接头环铁连接头
微动开关
A-A
铅封孔侧紧固螺钉铅封孔
M10
Adjusting调整螺钉
screw Upper
上焊接板 welding plate
下焊接板
Lower welding plate Elastic
弹性圆环ring
A A
弓形板
Cambered plate A B C D
M10
环铁连接头
Iron ring connector 环铁连接头
Iron ring
connector
微动开关
Microswitch
A-A
Lead
铅封孔seal hole Side fastening
侧紧固螺钉screw Lead 铅封孔
seal hole
M10
力矩限制器结构图
Structure diagram of moment limiter
181
固定座
力矩限制器
Q YL X. 00
mm 14 84 mm
15 0～ 45 0
平衡臂架起重臂架
182
固定base
Fixing 座
力矩限limiter
Moment 制器
Q YL X. 00
mm 14 84 mm
15 0～ 45 0
平衡臂架section
Counter-jib 起重臂架jib
Hoisting
QTZ7013 塔机力矩限制器安装位置
QTZ7013 Tower crane moment limiter installation position
183
第十二章液压顶升系统
Chapter XII Hydraulic Jacking System
12.1 说明
Introduction
液压顶升机构的组成:
The hydraulic jacking mechanism is composed of:
1) 三相鼠笼式电动机,功率7.5千瓦,转速1440转/分。
Three-phase squirrel cage motor, power 7.5 kW, speed 1,440 rpm
2) 十字型联轴器.
Cross coupling
3) 油箱.
Oil tank
4) 液压泵,排量12.26毫升/转
Hydraulic pump, displacement 12.26ml/revolutions
5) 滤油器
Oil filter
6) 三位四通多路手动换向阀(内含溢流阀及单向阀)
Three-position four-way multi-way hand-operated reversing valve (including
overflow valve and one-way valve)
7) 压力表,量程为0—400巴
Pressure gauge, range 0-400bar
12.2 工作原理
Working principle
换向阀的中间位置时: 油经换向阀返回油箱。
At the middle position of reversing valve: Oil returns into oil tank through reversing
valve.
换向阀的顶升位置时:压力油经换向阀打开平衡阀的单向阀进入油缸大腔(高压油路)。其
压力由换向阀内的溢流阀限制。油缸小腔的油经换向阀流回油箱(低压油路)。
At the jacking position of reversing valve: Pressure oil flows into the big chamber of oil
cylinder (high-pressure oil circuit) through the one-way valve of balance valve opened
184
by reversing valve, and its pressure is controlled by the overflow valve in reversing
valve. Oil in the small chamber of oil cylinder flows back into oil tank (low-pressure oil
circuit) through reversing valve.
换向阀的下降位置时:油经换向阀进入油缸小腔,其压力由平衡阀限压,当压力达到一定值
时,(约130巴,可调),平衡阀打开,大腔油经平衡阀,换向阀返回油箱。
At the descending position of reversing valve: Oil enters the small chamber of oil
cylinder through reversing valve, and its pressure is controlled by the balance valve.
When the pressure reaches a certain value (about 130bar, adjustable), the balance
valve is opened, and the oil in big chamber of oil cylinder returns to the oil tank through
balance valve and reversing valve.
液压系统工作原理图
Working principle diagram of hydraulic system
1.油缸 2.平衡阀 3.高压油管 4.多路手动换向阀 5.油箱 6.电机 7.滤油网 8.油泵 9.油
压表开关 10.油压表
1. Oil cylinder 2.Balance valve 3. High-pressure oil pipe 4. Multi-way hand-operated
reversing valve 5. Oil tank 6. Motor 7. Oil filter screen 8. Oil pump 9. Oil pressure
gauge switch 10. Oil pressure gauge
12.3 使用与调整
Use and adjustment
顶升是一项对安全要求严格的工作,因此操作者必须熟知本机的液压原理和操作方法。
Jacking has strict safety requirements, thus the operators should be familiar with the
hydraulic principle and operation method of this system.
溢流阀(装在换向阀上)控制顶升时的高压油压力,调整压力时应从0调到180巴,此时塔机
应能顺利升起,锁定后,一般不再调整。如果压力超过180巴时,应停机进行安全检查,因此
压力表工作时必须完好。
Overflow valve (installed on the reversing valve) controls the high-pressure oil
pressure during jacking. The pressure should be adjusted from 0 to 180bar. At this
moment, the tower crane should be erected successfully. After locking, it should not be
adjusted generally. If the pressure exceeds 180bar, it is required to shut down the
machine for safety inspection. Therefore, during operation, the pressure gauge should
be in good condition.
185
平衡阀控制下降时的油压,在进行下降动作之前,应调整压力达130巴,锁定后不再动它,调
整的压力过小会使塔机下降时产生剧烈振动,会十分危险。
Balance valve controls the oil pressure during descending. Before descending, the
pressure should be adjusted to 130bar. After locking, it should not be adjusted. In case
of small pressure adjustment, the tower crane will vibrate violently during descending,
and it will be very dangerous.
系统采用HM-32抗磨液压油,并经过滤后使用,要定期检查油液性能,并进行更换。在夏季
使用油温较高时可选用HM-46抗磨液压油。
Anti-wear hydraulic oil HM-32 will be used after filtration for this system. It is required to
check the oil performance and replace it periodically. Anti-wear hydraulic oil HM-46 will
be used, if the temperature of oil employed is high in summer.
12.4 多路换向阀结构原理
Structure principle of multi-way reversing valve
34DLS多路换向阀是由一个溢流阀，一个单向阀，若干个并联的换向阀组成。如结构原
理所示，从油泵来的油从阀的进油口(P口)进入，打开右边的单向阀D，进入换向阀的压
力油腔（P腔）。这时，如果操纵换向手柄，使滑阀向左或右移动，油液便按所需进入各
工作油腔（A腔或B腔）。
34DLS multi-way reversing valve is composed of an overflow valve, a one-way valve
and some reversing valves in parallel. As shown in the structure principle, oil from oil
pump enters from the oil inlet of valve (port P) and flows into the pressure oil chamber
(chamber P) of reversing valve by opening the one-way valve D at the right side. At
this time, if the reversing valve lever is operated to move the slide valve to the left or
the right, oil will enter every working oil chamber (chamber A or B) according to the
requirement.
当所有滑阀均处于中间位置时，各滑阀左端的环形槽和各阀体左端的小孔以及溢流阀体
上的斜孔，便共同构成一条通道，于是，P口的油便可以通过溢流阀芯C的阻尼孔流动，
流体通过小孔流动，会有能量损失，引起小孔前后压力不平衡，因而溢流阀芯C打开，
油液便通过回油阀上的O口流会回油箱，实现中间位置卸载，节约功率。
If all slide valves are located at the middle position, the ring groove at the left end of
every slide valve, the small hole at the left end of every valve body, and the angular
hole on overflow valve body jointly form a channel. Then, oil of port P can flow through
the damping hole of overflow valve spool C. Liquid flow through small hole will have
energy loss and cause the pressure unbalance before and after small hole. Therefore,
the overflow valve spool C will be open, and oil will flow back into the oil tank through
port O of oil return valve, so as to realize unloading at the middle position and power
saving.
先导阀E，是调节并限制系统的工作压力的。只要任何一联滑阀处于换向位置，则左边
的卸荷通道被切断，系统压力升高，当工作压力高于弹簧T所调定的压力时，先导阀E被
迫打开，于是通过小孔K又构成一条卸荷通道，同样道理又使溢流阀芯C打开，实现卸荷，
起安全作用。
Pilot valve E is used to adjust and control the working pressure of system. Only if any
slide valve is located at the reversing position, the unloading channel at the right side
will be cut off, and the system pressure will increase. When the working pressure is
higher than the pressure set by spring T, pilot valve E will be forced to open, and a
unloading channel will be established through small hole K. For the same reason,
overflow valve spool C will be opened, so as to realize unloading, for the purpose of
safety.
单向阀D是保证压力油不能从工作油腔倒流回进油口的，起锁紧和保压作用。
186
One-way valve D can ensure the pressure oil does not flow back to the oil inlet from
the working oil chamber, for the purposes of locking and pressure holding.
187
第十三章. 润滑
Chapter XIII Lubrication
13.1 塔机各润滑部位
Lubrication points of tower crane
1 套架润滑 5 排绳滑轮
Cage lubrication Wire rope guiding wheel
2 回转支撑润滑 6 变幅机构润滑
Slewing support lubrication Trolley mechanism lubrication
3 回转机构润滑 7 钢丝绳润滑
Slewing mechanism lubrication Steel wire rope lubrication
4 起升机构润滑 8 吊钩润滑
Hoisting winch lubrication Hook lubrication
188
13.2 润滑用油表
List of lubricating oil
润滑方法及灌注量
润滑部位名称油料型号
Lubrication Method and
Lubricating Points Oil Type
Quantity
夏季 HL-68 液压油浸油飞溅方式（工作 240 小时补
HL-68 hydraulic oil in 油 3～5 升，1500 小时换油 10～
summer 12 升）
起升卷扬机构减速箱
冬季 HL-46 液压油 Oil immersion and splash
Hoisting winch
HL-46 hydraulic oil in method (Make up 3~5L oil
mechanism reducer
winter every 240 working hours;
replace 10~12L oil every 1,500
working hours)
变幅机构蜗轮蜗杆减速 MWA150 号蜗轮蜗杆
箱油浸油方式
Travelling mechanism Worm gear oil MWA Oil immersion method
worm gear reducer 150
超高超低限位器轴承蜗拆开抹入（工作 240 小时适当加
MWA150 号蜗轮蜗杆
轮付油）
油
Bearing worm gear of Dismantle and apply (charge
Worm gear oil MWA
over-height & over-low properly every 240 working
150
limiters hours)
手工涂抹（工作 1500 小时适当
起升机构卷筒齿轮联轴
3 号钙基润滑脂加油）
器
Calcium-base grease Apply manually (charge
Gear coupling for a drum
No.3 properly every 1,500 working
of hoisting mechanism
hours)
油枪注入（工作 240 小时适当加
起升、变幅卷筒轴轴承 3 号钙基润滑脂油）
Axle bearing of hoisting Calcium-base grease Inject with oil gun (charge
and traveling drums No.3 properly every 240 working
hours)
浸油飞溅（工作 240 小时适当加
回转减速机 HL－68 号液压油油）
Slewing reducer HL-68 hydraulic oil Oil immersion and splash
(charge properly every 240
working hours)
回转减速机齿轮轴轴承 3 号钙基润滑脂拆开减速机注润滑剂（工作 240
Gear shaft bearing of Calcium-base grease 小时适当加油）
slewing reducer No.3 Dismantle the reducer and
回转减速机联轴节、轴承 3 号钙基润滑脂 inject the lubricant (charge
Coupling and bearing of Calcium-base grease properly every 240 working
slewing reducer No.3 hours)
油壶注入（工作 240 小时适当加
回转和行走液力联轴器 6#、8#液力传动油（液）油，1500 小时换油 4.7 升）
Slewing and traveling Hydraulic transmission Charge with oil can (charge
hydraulic coupling oil (fluid) 6#, 8# properly every 240 working
hours, replace 4.7L oil every
1,500 working hours)
189
Quantity
油枪注入（工作 1500 小时适当
3 号钙基润滑脂加油）
回转支承
Calcium-base grease Inject with oil gun (charge
Slewing ring
No.3 properly every 1,500 working
hours)
齿面涂抹均匀(工作 56 小时适当
补油,1500 小时换油 0.5 升)
回转支承大、小齿轮 3 号钙基润滑脂
Bull wheel and pinion of Calcium-base grease Apply it to the tooth flank
slewing ring No.3 (charge properly every 56
working hours, replace 0.5L oil
every 1,500 working hours)
注油至标尺位(工作 30 小时补油
1 升,1500 小时换油 3 升)
小车变幅机构减速机 Inject oil to the level indicated
HL-68 液压油
Trolley traveling on the scale (charge properly
HL-68 hydraulic oil
mechanism reducer every 30 working hours,
replace 3L oil every 1,500
working hours)
小车变幅机构卷筒轴右
涂抹润滑方式(工作 240 小时适
端 3 号钙基润滑脂
当加油)
Drum shaft right end of Calcium-base grease
No.3 Apply (charge properly every
trolley traveling
240 working hours)
mechanism
打开注油处加入(补油至液位计
上限,1500 小时换油 70 升)
顶升机构液压油箱 HM-46 抗磨液压油 Open the charging hole and
Hydraulic oil tank of Anti-wear hydraulic oil inject (make up oil to the upper
jacking mechanism HM-46 limit of liquid level gauge,
replace 70L oil every 1,500
working hours)
拆开抹入(工作 240 小时适当加
3 号钙基润滑脂油)
电缆卷筒轴承
Calcium-base grease Dismantle and apply (charge
Cable drum bearing
No.3 properly every 240 working
hours)
拆开抹入(工作 1000 小时适当加
吊钩、滑动各轴承 3 号钙基润滑脂油)
Bearings of hook Calcium-base grease Dismantle and apply (charge
tackle-blocks No.3 properly every 1,000 working
hours)
拆开抹入(工作 1500 小时换油)
3 号钙基润滑脂
各部分电动机轴承 Dismantle and apply (charge
Calcium-base grease
Motor bearings properly every 1,500 working
No.3
hours)
滑轮轴和滑轮、导轮、滚
油枪注入及拆开抹入(工作 240
轮等轴承 3 号钙基润滑脂小时适当加油)
sliding wheel shaft, Calcium-base grease Apply with oil gun, dismantle
pulley bearing, guide
No.3 and apply (charge properly
wheel and roller
every 240 working hours)
bearings etc.
190
Quantity
油壶注入(工作 56 小时适当补
制动器各铰点一般活动建议用粘度较大的机械
油)
部位油
Charge with oil can (charge
General moving parts of Machinery oil with high
properly every 56 working
brake hinges viscosity
hours)
打开油孔注入(工作 240 小时补
液压、电磁和液力推杆制
油 0.5 升,1500 小时换油 2 升)
动器 HL-32 液压油 Open the oil hole and inject
Brake of hydraulic, Hydraulic oil HL32 (charge 0.5L oil every 240
electromagnetic,
working hours, replace 2L oil
hydraulic push rod
钢丝绳表面脂工作 120 小时适当加油
钢丝绳
Surface grease of Charge properly every 120
Steel wire rope
steel wire rope working hours
塔身连接螺栓 3 号钙基润滑脂
涂抹润滑
Connecting bolts of the Calcium-base grease
Apply
tower No.3
打开油孔注入(工作 240 小时补
行走机构减速机普通工业齿轮油 90 号油 0.5 升,1500 小时换油 2 升)
Open the oil hole and inject
Traveling mechanism Common industrial
(charge 0.5L oil every 240
reducer gear oil No. 90
working hours, replace 2L oil
行走机构减速机和台车拆开抹入(工作 240 小时适当加
轴承 3 号钙基润滑脂油)
Traveling mechanism Calcium-base grease Dismantle and apply (charge
reducer and trolley No.3 properly every 240 working
bearing hours)
注：
Notes:
1. 减速机注油应在传动静止时进行，注油量应达到标尺或检查孔所注明位置；
Oil charge to reducer shall be done in static state, and the quantity shall reach
the level indicated on the scale or inspection hole.
2. 以上各部件注油和换油均由用户自备。
Oil for the above portions shall be self-provided by users.
191
售后服务范围和三包期限
After-sales Service Scope and Warranty Period
本公司竭诚为用户服务，在全国各地设有售后服务办事处，为用户解决后顾之忧，不管新老用户
在使用我公司产品出现的问题，请与办事处或公司有关部门联系，我们将为用户提供技术咨询及
优质服务，凡使用我公司产品由于制造质量问题出现故障，我公司负责三包，三包时间及三包内
容参见下表：
The Company is making every effort to provide service for customers. With the help of service
offices throughout the country, we would like to remove any menace from the "rear" for the
customers. In case new or returning customer encounter problems, please contact the office or
related department of the company. We would like to provide technical consulting and quality
service. The company is committed to providing Warranty for any quality problem arising from
our product. For the period and details of Warranty, please refer to the following table.
三包时间
三包内容
Period of
Details of Warranty
Warranty
电气柜（包括顶升控制箱、电阻器柜）电器元件，重量限位器、力矩限位
器、起升、回转、小车、大车行走限位器、电磁离合器、风速仪、电铃、
障碍灯、滑轮、钢丝绳三个月
Electrical elements in electrical cabinet (including jacking control box and Three months
resistor cabinet), weight limiter, torque limiter, hoisting limiter, slewing
limiter, traveling limiter of trolley and cart, wind velocity indicator, electric
bell, obstruction light, pulley, and steel wire rope.
起升、小车、大车及回转机构减速机一年
Gear reducer of hoisting, pulley, slewing and cart mechanism One year
联动台，电缆线，起升及回转机构电机等一年
All motors of linkage console, cable, hoister, and slewer One year
液压油泵及所有的阀组和油缸一年
Hydraulic oil pump and all valve blocks and oil cylinders One year
轴承、回转支承一年
Bearing and slewing ring One year
未注明的其它易损件一年
Other wearing parts not indicated One year
以上三包内容及三包时间从发货之日算起，如用户装拆不当或操作不慎造成损坏的不属于三包范
围。由于本公司的产品不断的改进，本说明书也随之修改，如用户发现某些实物的重量、外形尺
寸和性能参数等与说明书有不符之处，请与我公司设计所咨询，谢谢合作。
The above details and period of Warranty are valid from the date of delivery. Any damage due to
user’s improper dismantling and assembly or careless operation shall be out of the Warranty.
However, we will make efforts to remove problems for users. In consideration of continuous
improvement to products, you may feel uncertain when you read this manual and find material
object conflicts with original manual. In such case, please contact the designer and technical
department. Thank you for your cooperation.
192
附录
Appendix
55KW 涡流双速起升控制系统原理简介
Brief Introduction of 55KW Eddy Current Double-speed Hoisting Control
System Principle
此起升主卷扬机构的电机采用的是江特（江西宜春特种电机厂）的 YZRSW280-4/8/55KW 电机，
其结构是两套相互独立的 8 极 4 极定转子电路。塔身自带涡流制动器，充足的启动转矩以及换极
时良好的转矩接续性，使其在塔机起升机构应用上表现出优良的性能。
Hoisting winch motor is YZRSW280-4/8/55KW motor of Jiangte (Jiangxi Yichun Special Electric
Motor Factory). Its structure includes two sets of 8-pole/4-pole stator/rotor circuits that are
mutually independent. The tower is provided with eddy current brake. Adequate starting torque
and good torque connectivity during pole changes endow it with good performance in the
application of tower hoisting mechanism.
起升电控设计为上升四档，下降四档。
The electric control design of hoisting is four gears for ascending and fours for descending.
上升 1 档时 PLC（可编程序控制器）根据驾驶员操作联动台传来的档位指令，控制接通正转接触
器和 8 极定转子电路的接触器以及晶闸管（可控硅），为涡流制动器器提供约 80V 的直流电压，串
入全部启动电阻，使电机在低速下运转，联动台操作手柄推 2 档后，PLC 控制晶闸管把为涡流制
动器提供的直流电压降为 40V，使电机涡流制动器的制动转矩减小，电机的转速加快，联动台操
作手柄推入 3 档时，PLC 控制断开涡流电源，使电机涡流制动器的制动转矩减速小到零，让电机
加速，并根据霍尔转速传感器送回的转速值进行判断，自动逐级切除启动电阻，最后达到 8 级额
定转速，联动台操作手柄推入 4 档时，PLC 首先检测重量限制器的 4 极额定负载限制开关，若开
关闭合既吊钩超出负载电机 4 极的额定转矩，则 PLC 控制系统仍然保持在 8 极额定转速下工作。
反之，若吊钩负载不超出允许载荷，则 PLC 控制 4 极定转子接触器切换 8 极定转子电路并重新串
入启动电阻，再依据转速条件自动逐级切除启动电阻，最终达到电机 4 极的额定转速，4 退 3 档
减速（电机的 4 极退 8 极）时，PLC 控制系统工作的顺序是：转子电路重新串入全部启动电阻，
涡流制动器投入工作，当电机的转速下降至 8 极同步转速左右时，8 极转定子接触器才切换出 4
极定转子电路，同时，涡流制动器脱离工作状态。其后的推档过程按进档的逆顺序进行。这样就
大大的减少了电机变极时对电网的电流和电压冲击，增加了系统变速时的平顺性，使机构机械寿
命也得以延长。
In case of ascending by one gear, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) controls and connects
the forward contactor, the contactor of 8-pole stator & rotor circuits, and thyristor (silicon
controlled), in accordance with the gear command from the linkage console controlled by an
operator, so as to provide 80V DC voltage for eddy current brake. All starting resistors are
connected with, so that the motor operates at a low speed. After the operating handle of linkage
console is placed at the second gear, PLC controls thyristor to decrease the DC voltage for eddy
current break to 40V, so as to decrease the braking torque of motor eddy current brake and
increase the motor speed. If the operating handle of linkage console is pushed to the third gear,
PLC controls the disconnection of eddy current power supply, so that the braking torque of motor
eddy current brake is decreased to zero and the motor accelerates. In addition, a judgment is
made in accordance with the speed values sent back by Hall speed sensor, to automatically cut
off the starting resistor step by step and reach 8-pole rated speed finally. If the operating handle
of linkage console is pushed to the fourth gear, PLC firstly detects 4-pole rated load limit switch
of weight limiter. If the switch is off (that is to say, the hook load exceeds the 4-pole rated torque
of load motor, PLC control system still operates at 8-pole rated speed. On the contrary, if the
hook load does not exceed allowable load, PLC will control 4-pole stator & rotor contactors to
switch the 8-pole stator & rotor contactors and connect the starting resistor again. Then, the
193
starting resistor is cut off step by step automatically in accordance with speed condition, and
finally the speed reaches 4-pole rated speed of motor. If the operating handle moves from the
fourth gear to the third gear for deceleration (4 poles of motor decreased to 8 poles), the work
sequence of PLC control system is described as follows: Rotor circuit connects all starting
resistors again, and the eddy current brake is put into service. Only if the motor speed is
decreased to about 8-pole synchronous speed, 8-pole rotor & stator contactors will switch to
4-pole rotor & stator circuits. At the same time, the eddy current brake will be off-line.
Subsequent gear shift-down process is the opposite sequence of gear shift-up. This greatly
reduces the current and voltage surge to the power grid during motor pole change, and
increases the smoothness of system speed change, so as to prolong the service life of
mechanism and machinery.
下降时档位设计是：1 档，电机不投入工作，仅涡流制动器投入工作，此时涡流制动器的工作电压
约为 DC80V，吊钩（及电机）的运动仅靠负载拖动，在 4 倍率额定满载的情况下，其下降速度小
于 4m/min。2 档时，电机 8 极定转子电路投入工作，涡流制动器工作电压降为约 50V，电机的速
度增加。3 档时，涡流制动器退出工作，电机依据转速条件自动切除电阻，最后达到 8 极额定转速
稳定运行。进 4 档时，依然要判断负载是否超出 4 极额定载荷，超出 4 极额定载荷，则 PLC 控制
电路使电机不进入 4 极运行，而继续保持 8 极的稳定运动状态。不超出 4 极额定载荷，则进入 8
变 4 的转定子电路切换，转子电路重新串入启动电阻，再依据转速条件自动逐级切除启动电阻，
最终达到电机 4 极的额定转速。退档减速过程与前述的上升退档减速过程相同，不在赘述。
During descending, the gear design is described as follows: At the first gear, the motor will not
put into service, and only the eddy current brake is put into service. At this moment, the
operating voltage of eddy current brake is about DC80V, and the hook (and motor) is only driven
by load. Under 4-time rated full load of multiplying factor 4, the descending speed is less than
4m/min. At the second gear, 8-pole stator and rotor circuits of the motor are put into service, the
operating voltage drop of eddy current brake is about 50V, and the motor speed increases. At
the third gear, the eddy current brake is deactivated, the motor will automatically cut off the
resistor in accordance with speed condition, and finally it operates stably at 8-pole rated speed.
At the fourth gear, it is still required to judge whether the load exceeds 4-pole rated load. If the
load exceeds 4-pole rated load, PLC will control the circuit, so that the motor will not enter 4-pole
operating status, and continue keeping 8-pole stable operating status. If the load does not
exceed 4-pole rated load, the rotor and stator circuits are switched from 8 poles from 4 poles,
and the rotor circuit connects the starting resistor again, the cutting resistor will be cut off step by
step automatically in accordance with speed condition, and the speed reaches 4-pole rated
speed of the motor. Gear shift-down descending process is the same as the above-mentioned
ascending gear shift-down process. They need no further introduction.
需要强调指出的是，电机涡流制动器是一个大的电感性阻抗电路，它的电流响应速度不是很迅速，
估约滞后 0.5～1.5S。特别是在下降过程中的变极退档表现的更为明显。所以要求驾驶员在操作时
要注意，尤其是在高速重载的情况下的退档，要留有足够的变极响应距离。在特别紧急的情况下，
可直接按停止按钮，机构即可迅速停止。
It should be noted that the motor eddy current brake is a big inductive impedance circuit. Its
current response speed is not very fast, and the estimated lag time is about 0.5~1.5S. Especially,
in the process of descending, pole-changing gear shift-down is very obvious. Therefore, the
operators are required to pay attention to the pole-changing response distance, especially under
heavy load at a high speed. In case of emergency, it is permitted to press the stop button, and
then the mechanism will stop rapidly.
194
195
Obstruction
Obstruction light Obstruction
light light
Moment 风速仪
limiter
广西建机
Hoisting
Multi-function
combination Slewing travelling traveling limiter
control console combination control console
Hoisting
capacity limiter
电阻箱散热风
箱
Three
lines
Hoisting speed Slewing travelling

resistor electrical control
cabinet
Hoisting
electrical control
cabinet
Three
lines
196
Five lines
电缆布置图
Cable Layout
Slewing Slewing
Luffing
motor motor motor
Motor fan
Hall
sensor Over-height
limiter 回转限位器
Hoisting Hydraulic
motor push-rod
brake
Electroma
gnetic
starter
Notes: For the control cable between combination control console and
Hydraulic electrical cabinet, multi-pin connector is used at the end of electrical
jacking cabinet. For the connector symbol, see 1XP-4XP in the figure. The
motor figure at the left side refer to corresponding line number, and the
figures at the right side refer to end head S/N in connectors.
回转控制电气原理图
Electrical schematic diagram of slewing control
197
回转与变幅电气原理图
Electrical schematic diagram of slewing and traveling
198
199
Descending
1S Switch on/off table
Stop
Ascending
起升控制原理图
Schematic diagram of hoisting control
200
201
Gear Ascending Stop Descending

Output
Notes: All arrows indicated in the diagram refer to the flow direction of gear switching.
or represents its corresponding output close point. represents steady
state; represents transient state. DTXX represents PLC speed value storage
area. The values under DTXX are reference values. For example, means the
switching speed from the first gear to the second gear should exceed 30 rpm. This
value is stored in DT18 storage unit of PLC.
起升控制布序图
Hoisting control sequence arrangement diagram
202
起升主电路原理图
Schematic diagram of hoisting main circuit
203
液压顶升及信号照明原理图
Schematic diagram of hydraulic jacking and signal illumination
204

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QTZ7015

4.14 塔机顶升配平 Jacking and balancing of tower crane ......................................... 120

第十二章 液压顶升系统 CHAPTER XII HYDRAULIC JACKING SYSTEM ............................ 184

行走式 59, 预埋螺栓固定式 53, 十字梁底座压重固定式 58，附

Slow placing in position ≤5

Motor Model: YZRW132M2-6V2 2×3.7kW n=908r/min

Speed Multiplying factor of 2 4

YZRW132M2-6 3.7kW YEJ132M2-4 7.5kW

Motor Model: YZRW132M2-6V2 2×3.7kW n=908r/min

注：2 本表适用于起升机构电机 37KW 涡流电机，最大起重量为 8 吨；

Lifting Performance List

65m jib 65m

60m jib 60m

50m jib 50m

45m jib 45m

40m jib 40m

1.3.2 QTZ7015 起重性能（最大起重量为 8 吨）

Lifting Performance List

65m jib 65m

60m jib 60m

50m jib 50m

45m jib 45m

40m jib 40m

In service No lifting load and no

Two Φ65 pins at

55m 50m 45m 40m

70m 65m 60m

55m 50m 45m 40m

50 400 400 400 50

50 400 400 400 50

序S/N号 数Qty.量 Rebar钢筋 长度

50 400 400 400 50

50 400 400 400 50

and top surface using the paint or other methods.

50 400 400 400 50

50 400 400 400 50

A. Free B. First B. First C. Second D. Third E. Fourth

F. Fifth G. Sixth I. Seventh J. Eighth

Left adjusting nut

Right adjusting nut

Left adjusting nut

Right adjusting nut

Material 45 Material Q345B

8 21.92 25.5 (1) 7853

First standard section

40m 45m 50m 55m 60m 65m 70m A

40m 45m 50m 55m 60m 65m 70m A

Channel A: with Railing.

place it in position to facilitate removal of pin shaft on standard section.

Outer cage Tower

pin shafts (3) and cotter pins (4).

Pin shaft Pin shaft with

15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 5m 3m

15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m

15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m

15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m

15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 7.5m 5m 3m

15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 5m 7.5m 3m

15.96m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 7.5m 3m

□96 □86 □80

□96 □86 □80

□96 □86 □80

Install the hoisting winch on the counter jib.

在安装起重臂架之前必须按第 87 页的要求安装 x 块平衡重块。

第十二章液压顶升系统 CHAPTER XII HYDRAULIC JACKING SYSTEM ............................ 184

序S/N号数Qty.量 Rebar钢筋长度