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Siwes Report - computer hardware maintenance

Computer science (Olabisi Onabanjo University)

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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND

ENGINEERING

OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, ILE – IFE

OSUN STATE.

REPORT ON STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE

SCHEME (SIWES) AT THE UNIVERSITY COMPUTER
CENTER, OAU IFE

WRITTEN BY: AFOLAYAN AYOBAMI SAMSON

MATRIC NUMBER: CSC/2014/093

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE AWARD OF BSC. (HONS) IN

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING.

APRIL 2017.

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Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………….i

Dedication……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….ii

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….iii

Chapter One

Introduction (About the company) 1

Chapter Two

Work done 6

Chapter Three

Challenges and Solution 7

Chapter Four

Summary and Conclusion 8

References ……………………………………………………………………………………….11

Appendices……………………………………………………….………………………………13

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DEDICATION

The Student Industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) is dedicated to Almighty God who has

being the alpha and omega starting from the beginning to the end of the training and also to my

parent for their financial support during the course of the industrial training.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I acknowledge the effort of my parent (Mr Afolayan Olatude and Mrs Afolayan Taiwo) for their

moral and financial support during the industrial training. I also acknowledge the effort of my

industrial based supervisor (Engr Yoade Olugbenga) for his full support and motivation in

computer hardware repair as well as website design and development during the industrial

training.

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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION (ABOUT THE COMPANY)
Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) Computer center, was established in the year 1962

when the institution (Obafemi Awolowo university Ife, formerly known as University of Ife) was

founded under the administration of late chief . OAU computer center is a well-recognized

company that deals with computer software and hardware engineering. The software engineering

part of the company involves building websites, life application programs for the institution that

are needed to perform various task. Some of the software aspect includes; Obafemi Awolowo

University website (E-portal: eportal.oauife.edu.ng), used for many processes like storing

students and staff information, result processing, admission processing, registration processes

and lots more which are being performed on the website. The other software aspect involves the

compilation and building of application programs like the student result processing application

package (ISIS), health center application package (for processing and storing health information

of students and staff) in the university.

The hardware engineering part involves the repairing of any faulty computer system as

well as any computing electronic devices that got spoilt or damaged in the university.

The University Computer center offers training to students from the university or students from

other universities that are willing to acquire knowledge in building computer application

programs, learning computer networking, web design and developments, computer graphics

design using Photoshop and Corel-draw, repairing of faulty computer system, assembling of

computer system components, and other aspects of computer software and hardware engineering.

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CHAPTER TWO

WORKDONE

During the industrial training I was exposed to some areas of computer software and

hardware engineering which I found very interesting. Firstly, I was introduced to various

computer hardware components like the system board (Motherboard), disk drives (hard disk

drives, CD/DVD drives), system memory, slots inside the computer system units (memory slots,

PCI slots), system ports (USB ports, power ports, disk drive ports) and pins on the Motherboard,

central processing unit, power supply unit, Video Graphic Adapter cable, system Monitor and

some other hardware components that can be found inside the computer system units.

During the industrial training I learnt how we can troubleshoot a faulty computer system as well

as a dead computer system to know which part of the hardware components is damaged so as to

replace or repair the affected component to bring the system back to a perfect working state for

effective functionality of the computer system. Troubleshooting is the process of figuring out

how to solve a computer problem. Troubleshooting is a form of problem solving, often applied

to repair failed processes on a computer system. It is a logical, systematic search for the source

of a problem in order to solve it, and make the computer or process operational again.

Troubleshooting is needed to identify the symptoms. Determining the most likely cause is

a process of elimination—eliminating potential causes of computer problem. Finally,

troubleshooting requires confirmation that the solution restores the computer process to its

working state. In general, troubleshooting is the identification of diagnosis of "trouble" in the

management flow of a corporation or a system caused by a failure of some kind. The problem is

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initially described as symptoms of malfunction, and troubleshooting is the process of

determining and remedying the causes of these symptoms. A system can be described in terms of

its expected, desired or intended behavior (usually, for artificial systems, its purpose). Events or

inputs to the system are expected to generate specific results or outputs. (For example, selecting

the "print" option from various computer applications is intended to result in

a hardcopy emerging from some specific device). Any unexpected or undesirable behavior is a

symptom. Troubleshooting is the process of isolating the specific cause or causes of the

symptom. Frequently the symptom is a failure of the product or process to produce any results.

(Nothing was printed, for example). Corrective action can then be taken to prevent further

failures of a similar kind.

During this industrial training, I learnt how to disassemble a whole computer system by

removing one component at a time until all the components are fully removed from the computer

system unit. Apart from this, I also learnt how to reassemble all the components back to their

previous position or unit to form a complete computer system.

The disassembling of the computer system starts with externally connected device detachment.

The computer system must be turned off, if not then the computer system should be successfully

shut down and then detaching the external devices from the computer system. It includes

removing the power cable from electricity switchboard, then removing the cable from SMPS

(switch mode power supply) from the back of the CPU Cabinet. The disassembling should not be

started without detaching the power cable from the computer system. Now removing the

remaining external devices like keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer or scanner from the back of

CPU cabinet.

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Removing the Cover: The standard way of removing tower cases used to be to undo the screws

on the back of the case, slide the cover back about an inch and lift it off. The screwdrivers as per

the type of screw are required to do the task.

Removing the adapter cards: If the card has any cables or wires that might be attached and

decide if it would be easier to remove them before or after removing the card. The screw should

be removed if any, which holds the card in place. Grabbing the card by its edges, front and back,

and gently rock it lengthwise to release it.

Removing the drives: Removing drives is easier. There can be possibly three types of drives

present in your computer system, Hard disk drive, CD/DVD/Blue-ray drives, and floppy disk

drives. They usually have a power connector and a data cable attached from the device to a

controller card or a connector on the motherboard. CD/DVD/Blue Ray drive may have an analog

cable connected to the sound card for direct audio output.

The power may be attached using one of two connectors, a Molex connector or a Berg connector

for the drive. The Molex connector may require to be wiggled slightly from side to side and

apply gentle pressure outwards. The Berg connector may just pull out or it may have a small tab

which has to be lifted with a screwdriver.

Now pulling data cables off from the drive as well as motherboard connector. The hard disk drive

and CD/DVD drives have two types of data cables. IDE and SATA cables. The IDE cables need

better care while being removed as it may cause the damage to drive connector pins. The cable

sideways should be wiggle and removed. The SATA cables can be removed easily by pressing

the tab and pulling the connector straight back. Now the screws should be and slide the drive out

the back of the bay.

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Removing the memory module: Memory modules are mounted on the motherboard as the

chips that can be damaged by manual force if applied improperly. Carefully the chip should be

handled only by the edges. SIMMs and DIMMs are removed in a different way:

 SIMM - gently pushing back the metal tabs while holding the SIMM chips in the socket.

Tilting the SIMM chip away from the tabs until a 45% angle. It will now lift out of the

socket. The SIMM should be put in a safe place.

 DIMM- There are plastic tabs on the end of the DIMM sockets. Pressing the tabs down

and away from the socket. The DIMM will lift slightly. Now grabbing it by the edges and

placing it safely. The chips should not be exposed to dust at all.

Removing the power supply: The power supply is attached into tower cabinet at the top back

end of the tower. Making sure the power connector is detached from the switchboard. Then

removing the power connector connected to motherboard including CPU fan power connector,

cabinet fan, the front panel of cabinet power buttons and all the remaining drives if not detached

yet.

Now removing the screws of SMPS from the back of the cabinet and the SMPS can be detached

from the tower cabinet.

Removing the motherboard: Before removing all the connectors from the motherboard, make

sure u memorize the connectors for assembling the computer if required, as that may require

connecting the connectors at its place. Remove the screws from the back of the motherboard and

you will be able to detach it from the cabinet. Now remove the CPU fan from the motherboard.

The heat sink will be visible now which can be removed by the pulling the tab upward. Finally,

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the processor is visible now, which can be removed by the plastic tab which can be pulled back

one stretching it side way.

The assembling of the computer system is exactly the opposite of disassembling operation.

Before starting assembling the computer system, there must be screws and a screwdriver for

those.

The first step for assembling the computer system starts with mounting the processor on the

processor socket of the motherboard. To mount the process, no need to apply any force. The

special ZIF (zero insertion force) sockets are usually used to prevent any damage to the

processor pins. Once the processor is mounted, the heat sink will be attached on top of the

processor. The CPU fan is also attached on top of the heat sink.

Now the motherboard is to be fixed vertically in the tower case and the screws are fixed from

behind of the motherboard.

Now the power supply will be line up at the top back end of the cabinet and screwed. The power

connectors for motherboard power supply and CPU fan power supply are to be connected. If the

cabinet cooling FAN is required then it is to be screwed at the back end grill of the cabinet and

its power connector is to be connected from SMPS.

Installing the CD/DVD drives at the top front end of the cabinet and then screwed. Installing the

Hard disk drive and floppy disk drive below CD/DVD drive and screwed it as well.Once

screwed there must not be vibration in either of the CD/DVD, Hard disk or Floppy disk drives.

Now the appropriate data cable should be selected and then connecting one end of the cable to its

drive socket and another end at its appropriate connector on the motherboard. For SATA hard

disk drive or CD/DVD drives, SATA cable and its power cable should be use, else using IDE

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data cable will also be appropriate. The proper jumper settings as per the usage requirement

should be done.

It is time now to mount the memory modules on the motherboard by aligning the RAM to its

socket on the motherboard and press it downward. Making sure the side tab are fixed into the

RAM notch. If not, still have to press a bit.

The internal cards should then be installed to its socket and the cables or power cable should then

be attached to it. The selection of right socket or slot is required as per the type of socket. The

tower should be covered by placing it and pressing towards front side and then screw.

The external devices with CPU at its appropriate socket should be connected. It includes mouse

and keyboard at PS2 or USB connectors. Monitor at the video output socket. Connecting the

power cable to the back of tower in SMPS should follow and finally plugging in the power cable

to the electric board.

During this industrial training I was introduced to various computer warning sounds and beeps

and how to overcome this problem which enable computer user to know which component or

part of the computer system needs to be replaced or re-fixed for the system to function

effectively. For instance; a long beep indicate faulty VGA (VGA cable not properly fixed or

damaged), two short beep indicates bad memory (memory not inserted properly or damaged),

and so on.

During this industrial training, I was introduced to how to develop and write a proposal for a

website. I learnt how to use the notepad ++ which is an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

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editor to design a website and how to make use of CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) to style the

webpage.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the computer coding language used to convert

ordinary text into active text for display and use on the web and also to give plain, unstructured

text the sort of structure human beings rely on to read it. Without some kind of structure imposed

on it, plain text would just run together with nothing to distinguish one string of words from

another. HTML consists of encoded markers called tags that surround and differentiate bits of

text, indicating the function and purpose of the text those tags “mark up.” Tags are embedded

directly in a plain-text document where they can be interpreted by computer software. They’re

called tags because, well, that’s what they are. Just as a price tag displays the cost of an item and

a toe tag identifies a cadaver, so too does an HTML tag indicate the nature of a portion of content

and provide vital information about it.

The tags themselves are not displayed and are distinct from the actual content they envelop.

HTML has been carefully designed to be a simple and flexible language. It’s a free, open

standard, not owned or controlled by any company or individual. There is no license to purchase

or specialized software required to author your own HTML documents. Anyone and everyone is

free to create and publish web pages, and it’s that very openness that makes the web the

powerful, far-reaching medium it is. HTML exists so that we can all share information freely and

easily. However, we do not have to follow certain rules when you author documents in HTML—

there are certain ways they should be assembled to make certain they’ll work properly.

The rules are maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), a nonprofit organization

that defines many of the open technical standards the web is built on, collectively referred to as

web standards. Standardizing web languages allows everyone—authors as well as people who

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make the software that interprets those languages to adhere to the same set of agreed-upon rules,

like the rules of grammar and punctuation that help you understand this sentence.

CSS can add style to our pages, enhancing and improving the presentation of the web content.

The structure is supplied by HTML each element designates a different portion of

content, and attributes pass along more information about those elements. CSS acts as

another layer to influence the presentation of those HTML elements when they’re rendered.

Colors, fonts, text sizes, backgrounds, and the arrangement of elements on the page are all

presentational aspects of our content, and all can be controlled through artful application of CSS

The building block of CSS is the rule. It’s a set of instructions that a browser can follow

to alter the appearance of HTML elements based on the presentational values you supply.

A CSS rule consists of a few component parts as described below:

The selector is the part of the rule that targets an element that will be styled. Its scope can be

very broad, affecting every instance of a particular element or very narrow and specific, affecting

only a few elements or even just one.

A declaration comprises two more parts: a property and a value. The property is that aspect of an

element’s presentation that is being modified, such as its color, its width, or its placement on the

page. The property value delivers the specific style that should be applied to the selected

element. The values accepted depend on the particular property, and some properties accept

multiple values, separated by spaces. Declarations reside in a set of curly braces ({and}), and

multiple declarations can apply to the same selector, thus modifying several aspects of an

element’s presentation in the course of a single rule. A property and its value are separated by a

colon (:) and the declaration ends with a semicolon (;). That semicolon is important to separate

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multiple declarations, but if there’s only one declaration in the rule or if it’s the last declaration in

a series, the terminating semicolon is optional. It’s not a bad idea to get in the habit of including

a semicolon at the end of every declaration, even when there’s only one, just to play it safe.

If the CSS doesn’t conform to this basic structure and syntax—if we forget the closing brace or

the colon separating a property from its value, for example—the entire rule or even the entire

style sheet might fail. Just like HTML, a style sheet should be well formed and properly

constructed.

During the industrial training, I learnt how to use PHP script to make the web pages interactive.

PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web

pages. PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's

ASP. To start using PHP, we can find a web host with PHP and MySQL support or Install a web

server on the PC, and then install PHP and MySQL. If the server has activated support for PHP

we do not need to do anything. We just need to create some .php files, place them in the web

directory, and the server will automatically parse them. We do not need to compile anything or

install any extra tools. Because PHP is free, most web hosts offer PHP support. However, if the

server does not support PHP, we must: install a web server (example is the WAMP server) or we

install PHP and install a database, such as MySQL. The PHP script is executed on the server, and

the plain HTML result is sent back to the browser. A PHP script can be placed anywhere in the

document. A PHP script starts with <? php and ends with ?>: The default file extension for PHP

files is ".php".

A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, and some PHP scripting code.

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CHAPTER THREE

CHALLENGE AND SOLUTION

There are challenges that were encountered during the industrial training. These challenges are

time demanding and thereby consume a lot of time and effort but to my optimum satisfaction I

was able to overcome those challenges which really exposed me to some technical problems that

can occur and how to tackle or solve these problems.

The first challenge I encountered during the industrial training was when installing a windows 10

operating system on a computer system and a blue screen keep appearing during the installation

of this operating system. I tried the installation several times but the same problem occurs. I tried

many steps to make sure the operating system was completely installed on the system but all was

futile. I later decided to replace the hard disk drive with another one, to my optim um surprise the

operating system install completely on the system without giving any sign of blue screen.

Another

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CHAPTER FOUR

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

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REFERENCES

APPENDICES

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