Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

SALESFORCE
DEVELOPER
INTERVIEW
Q&A
Phone/Whatsapp: +1 (515) 309-7846 (USA)

Email: info@zarantech.com
Website: www.zarantech.com
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Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

Q1. What are the skills required to become a Salesforce Developer?
A. A Salesforce Developer is the one with the basic knowledge of the Salesforce platform.
They can become a Salesforce Administrator, at a later stage of their career. The
developer must know how Salesforce works. Moreover, some knowledge is required of
basic concepts such as class, object, attributes, etc.
Q2. What is a Custom Object in Salesforce?

A. Custom Objects are nothing but database tables and are the objects created by you for
the storage of information on a company or industry. While building a custom object, the
Salesforce platform automatically builds things such as page layouts, etc. for user
interfaces.
For Example, Property objects that store information on homes sold by a real estate
agent.
Q3. What is the difference between isNull and isBlank?

A. Use the ISBLANK() function for text fields. As text fields can never be NULL, even if
nothing is provided as a value, the ISNULL() function takes only an empty value. If
ISNULL() is used with a text field then it returns false.
Q4. How does Salesforce deploy Sales Tracking?

A. Salesforce records data on details such as sales numbers, customer details, repeat
customers and customers served and uses these to create detailed reports, charts, and
dashboards. This way it keeps track of sales in your organization.
Q5. What is the limit of Data.com records which can be added to Salesforce?
A. In the Data.com user's section, find your name to view your monthly limit. It will give
details such as how many records have already been added or exported for this month.
The user goes to the Setup, enters the User in the Quick Find Box, and selects
prospector users.
Q6. What is the difference between Role and Profile in Salesforce?

A. Roles allow to control the access to Salesforce and have an impact on reports. They
have control over the visibility level of organizational users. The users of a specific role
level can view, edit, and report on all the data shared/owned by the users who fall below
the hierarchy.
Profiles are mandatory for all users. Profile controls the access to which records a user
has in the Salesforce org. It is not possible for the users to work in the Salesforce org,
without being assigned to a profile.
Phone/Whatsapp: +1 (515) 309-7846 (USA) Email: info@zarantech.com

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Q7. What are the Permission Sets?

A. A permission set is a collection of settings and permissions for accessing various tools
and functions in Salesforce. They are used for the extension of the user's functional
access, without any changes to the profiles. Users can have only one profile but multiple
permission sets.
For Example, A set of users has the same profile called Sales Users. These users have
the right to read, create, and edit the leads. If some users need to transfer and delete
leads, then a permission set is created here.
Q8. What is the use of SOQL? What are the differences between SOQL and SOSL?
A. The full form of SOQL is Standard Object Query Language. SOQL evaluates to a single
Object and a list of many Objects or an integer for count method queries. It is used to
retrieve data from the Salesforce platform and resides inside Apex or Visualforce and
returns a set of data.
The differences between SOQL and SOSL are given below.
SOQL SOSL
1. It is possible to search only one 1. Multiple objects can be searched here at
subject at a time. a time.
2. Uses the "SELECT" keyword for 2. Uses the "FIND" keyword for retrieval of
retrieval of records from the database. records from the database.
3. It allows to search only one table. 3. It allows to search multiple tables.
4. It allows to perform DML operations 4. It is not possible to perform DML on
on query results. search results.
5. This is used in a query ( ) call. 5. This is used in a search ()call in the API.
6. This is used in classes and triggers. 6. This cannot be used in triggers.
7. Returns records. 7. Returns fields.
Q9. What are Governor Limits? Give three examples.

A. Salesforce works in a multi-tenant environment and imposes runtime limits to have the
same performance within the database. These are imposed by the Apex runtime engine
and ensure that the code does not misbehave.
This way the developer is forced to write efficient, scalable code.
Here are some examples of Governor Limits:
The total number of SOQL queries issued has a synchronous limit of 100 and an
asynchronous limit of 200.
The total number of records retrieved for Database getQueryLocator must be limited
to 10,000.
The total number of records retrieved by a single SOSL query is 2000.

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Q10. What are Workflows in Salesforce? What are the types of Workflow?
A. Workflow in Salesforce is for automating the standard internal processes and procedures
and thereby saving time across the organization. The main container for a set of
workflow instructions is a Workflow Rule. It is possible to sum these instructions as an
if/then statement.
There are two components of the workflow rule i.e. criteria and the action. The criteria
are the 'if' part of the if/then statement and the action is the 'then' part of the if/then
statement.
For Example, Send an email alert to the concerned manager, when a contract is about to
expire. The workflow rule is run when the criteria are met.
There are two types of workflow in Salesforce:
1. Immediate Actions: It fires immediately when the workflow criteria are met. The
associated actions email alerts/field updates also take place with immediate effect.
2. Time-dependent Action: When the criteria are met, the associated actions take place
after a certain duration of time. This time is based on a value set.
Q11. What is Object Relationship in Salesforce? What are Salesforce Relations?

A. In Salesforce, a related list allows us to connect standard and custom object records.
This is the purpose served by an object relationship. Various cases can be connected
with specific customers through this. One can create a custom relationship too.
The object relations in Salesforce include:

Many to many
Master-Detail
Lookup
Hierarchical
Indirect Lookup
External Lookup
Q12. What is Force.com Platform?

A. Force.com is a Platform As A Service (PAAS) and simplifies the development and
deployment of cloud-based applications and websites. The developers make use of the
Integrated Development Environment or IDE to create apps and websites. Later, these are
deployed in the multi-tenant servers of Force.com.

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Q13. What are the different types of reports that are available in Salesforce?
A. The different types of Salesforce Reports include:
Tabular Report: It offers the fastest and simplest way to view your data. They have an
ordered set of fields arranged in columns. They cannot create groups of data.
Matrix Report: Here the grouping is done based on both rows and columns.
Summary Report: Here the groups appear based on columns only.
Joined Report: In this, two or more reports are joined in a single report.
Q14. What is Junction Object? What is it used for?

A. Junction objects are needed to build a many-to-many relationship among Salesforce
objects.
For Example, In a typical recruitment scenario, there are possibilities of creating many
positions for candidates, and at the same time, a candidate can apply for many positions.
The third object required for creating a data model is termed a junction object and in this
example, it can be cited as a "job application". Here, you need to use a lookup field for
both the position and candidate objects on the junction object - which is a job
application.
Q15. What is an Audit Trail?

A. Administrators need to make changes in the organizational setup. Audit Trail history
helps you to track the recent 20 changes that are made in setup, by multiple
administrators.
Q16. What is a Dashboard in Salesforce?

A. A dashboard visualizes your business scenario and allows you to make decisions based
on the real-time data gathered from reports. A Dashboard has a page layout and displays
multiple dashboard components. Multiple reports appear side-by-side on the same
dashboard.
Q17. What is Sandbox org in Salesforce? What are the different types of Sandbox in
Salesforce?
A. Sandboxes are for copies of the production organization. It is possible to make such
multiple copies of the same environment that serve various purposes like development,
testing, and training without any need for compromise of data in the production org.
As sandboxes are isolated from the production environment, operations performed in the
sandbox have no impact on the production org.
There are four types of Salesforce Sandboxes as shown below:

Developer Sandbox
Developer Pro Sandbox
Partial Data Sandbox
Full Sandb

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Q18. What are the options for deploying from Sandbox to Production org? What is an
Outbound Change Set?
A. Various methods are adopted for deploying a sandbox to production. The main method
is using the Change Sets. A Change Set enables to creation and testing of a new object in
the sandbox and then sending that to the production org. It contains information on the
org and not on any data such as records.
The other methods to deploy sandbox to production org include Force.com IDE,
unmanaged packages as well and ANT migration tools.
When sending customizations from the current org to another org the Outbound Change
Set is used. Once received by the receiving org it is called Inbound Change Set.
Q19. What are Bucket Fields in Salesforce?

A. Bucket Fields categorize records in Salesforce reports without any need for a formula or
a custom field. They exist only in the reports. When a bucket column is created then
multiple categories of group report values.
Q20. What is Custom Label in Salesforce? How many Custom Labels can you define and of
what size?
A. Custom Labels enable developers to create multi-lingual applications. It automatically
presents information as information or messages, by using the user's native language.
These are custom text values that are accessible from Apex classes, Lightning
components, and Visualforce pages.
A minimum number of 5000 custom labels can be created for each organization. The
size is about 1000 characters.
Q21. What is Data Skew in Salesforce?

A. The full form of SOQL is Standard Object Query Language. SOQL evaluates a condition in
an enterprise when you are required to work with say 10,000 records.
A single user owns a huge number of records and we call that "ownership data skew" and
it causes performance issues while updating in Salesforce.
Q22. What are the differences between Workflow and Process Builder? What is the difference
between Trigger and Process Builder?
A. Workflows and the Process Builder are types of declarative automation tools that can
extend the functionality of the Salesforce platform. They have functionalities and
features that enable them to automate business processes.
Workflows can only handle four actions such as email alerts, outbound messages, task
creation, and field updates. However, Process Builder has a huge number of

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functionalities such as creating a record, posting to Chatter, launching a flow, submitting

approvals, and quick actions.
If a process earlier had different workflows for different outcomes, then the same can be
accomplished now with one process.
Moreover, only single criteria are evaluated by a Workflow, before triggering the
automation. On the contrary, the Process Builder can evaluate multiple criteria and
trigger different automation and all this depends on the criteria met.
Q23. What are Sharing Rules?

A. Sharing rules extend sharing access to the users in roles, public groups, or territories. It
gives greater access to the users by making automatic exceptions to the sharing settings
for the entire org.
This can be based on record ownership or other criteria. It selects the records to share
with the users and the level of access to be given to these users or groups.
For Example, An account sharing rule can be created based on an account owner or any
other criteria such as account type.
Q24. What is the use of Custom Settings? What are the types of Custom Settings in
Salesforce?
A. Custom Settings are similar to custom objects. The developers create custom data and
associate custom data for an organizational profile or a specific user.
The exposure of custom data settings to the application cache is beneficial due to the
efficient access with no need for the cost of repeated queries to the database. This data
can be used by SOAP API, validation rule, or formula field.
The different types of Custom Settings in Salesforce include:

Hierarchy type
List type
Q25. What is the use of the Roll-up Summary Field and where can you use it?
A. The Roll-up summary field can display a value in a master record based on the fields
comprising the detail record. It creates values in related records such as those in the
related lists. It can only be used in a master-detail relationship.
For Example, The sum of all invoices can be calculated for all the related custom object
records in the accounts invoice-related list.

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Q26. What is the difference between Page Layout and Record Type?
A. Page Layouts control the layout and organization of fields, buttons, visual force, custom
links, s-controls, and related lists on any object record pages. They determine which
fields are visible, read-only, and mandatory. You can customize the content of record
pages for users with a Page Layout.
Record Types help to define different business processes, page layouts, and picklist
values that are meant for different users. Here is how a new Record Type is created.
For Example, A record type can be created with different picklist values for differentiating
a sales deal with various service engagements.
Q27. What is a Wrapper Class in Salesforce?

A. A Wrapper class is defined as a class and a data structure. It is an abstract data type that
has its instances formed by a collection of objects.
The basic nature is that of a custom object and is defined by the Wrapper class
properties. It allows records to be checked from a list and processed for a specific
action.
Q28. What is the difference between WholD and WhatlD?

A. WholD refers to people such as contacts or leads. Whereas "What ID" refers only to
objects.
Q29. What is Apex?

A. Apex is an object-oriented programming language that enables the developers to execute
flow and transaction control statements, on Salesforce servers in association with a call
to an API.
It adds business logic to system events such as related record objects, button clicks, and
Visualforce pages - with Java-like syntax and acts as a stored procedure.
Q30. What are Maps in Apex?

A. Maps are used to store data in the form of key-value pairs, where each unique key maps
to a single value.
Syntax: Map<String, String> country_city = new Map<String, String>();
Q31. What is an Apex Transaction?

A. An Apex transaction is a set of operations, that is executed as a single unit. These
operations include DML operations that are responsible for querying records.
All the DML operations in a transaction get completed successfully or get completely
rolled back if an error occurs even in saving a single record.

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Q32. Is it possible to edit Apex Class/Trigger in the Production Environment?

A. No, it is not possible. We cannot directly edit the Apex Class/Trigger in the production
environment. It can be done only in the Developer edition, sandbox org, or the testing org.
Q33. What are the ways to call an Apex Class in Salesforce?

A. The various ways to call an Apex class in Salesforce are as follows:
From a Developer Console
Using Triggers
From Visualforce Page
With JavaScript Links
From Home Page Components
From Another Class
Q34. Is it possible to customize Apex and Visualforce directly from the Production Org?
A. It is not possible to customize Apex in the production org itself, however, it can be
changed and deployed through a sandbox and must meet test coverage. Visualforce, on
the contrary, can be changed in the production org.
Q35. When is it possible to use Apex over Workflow rules or Process Builder?
A. There are various reasons to adopt Apex over Workflow Rules or Process Builder as
shown below:
Apex can be used in those cases where there are limitations for Workflow rules or
Process Builder like putting information in external systems.
Apex is more efficient while dealing with large sets of data as it has fewer limitations.
Q36. What is Apex Test Coverage?

A. The Apex testing framework generates code coverage numbers for the Apex classes and
triggers, then every time one or more tests are run. Code Coverage denotes the number
of executable lines of code in classes and triggers which is exercised by test methods.
Test methods are written and tested to generate the Code Coverage. It is calculated as a
percentage of a covered line divided by a covered and uncovered line.
The minimum test coverage must be 75 % for deployment in the production org.
Q37. What is Apex Email Service?

A. When you want to process the content, attachments, and headers of inbound emails then
Apex Email Service is used. It is possible to create an email service that automatically
creates contact records based on contact-related information in the messages.
Each of these email services is associated with a Salesforce-generated email address, to

which the users send messages for processing. It is also possible for multiple users to
access a single email service.

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Q38. What are the methods of Batch Apex Class?

A. It implements a Database batchable interface with three methods as shown below.
a) Start: This is used at the beginning of the batch Apex job. It is used to collect the
records or objects, to pass to the interface method execute. It returns the
DatabaseQueryLocator object or an iterable that contains the records or objects passed
into the job.
b) Execute: This is used for each batch of records that are passed to the method. This
method is used for all the processing of data. This method takes the following:
A reference to DatabaseBatchableContext Object.
A list of sObject records.
c) Finish: This is called once all the batches are processed. This is used for sending
confirmation emails or for executing post-processing operations. It uses one argument,
which is the reference of the DatabaseBatchableContext object.
Q39. What are the types of Collections in Apex? Explain List and Set in Collections.
A. The types of collections in Apex are listed below:
List
Map
Set
The list is a variable that has an ordered collection of elements and they are
distinguished by their indices. The index is numeric and starts at zero.
A set is a collection of unordered elements of primitives or sObjects. No element can be

retrieved by using an index as in the case of a list. While iterating the elements in a set,
there should not be any reliance on the same order. Moreover, a set cannot contain
duplicate elements.
Q40. What is Apex Trigger? What is the Syntax of Trigger in Salesforce?

A. Apex Triggers perform custom actions to records in Salesforce, before or after the
events. Examples of such actions include insertion, updation, and deletion.
The triggers help to perform operations that are subject to specific conditions such as
modifying related records or restricting certain operations. Triggers can be used for
anything you do in Apex, executing SOQL or DML or even calling custom Apex methods.
There are two different types of trigger in Salesforce as shown below:

Before Trigger: It is executed to validate the record values before saving them to the
database.
After Trigger: It is executed to validate the record values after saving to the
database.

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Q41. What is Asynchronous Apex? What are its different types?

A. Asynchronous Apex is used to run processes that are scheduled at a later time. There are
four types of Asynchronous Apex.
They are:
Future Methods
Batch Apex
Queueable Apex
Schedules Apex
Q42. What is Visualforce? How to hide the Header and Sidebar in the Visualforce Page?
A. Visualforce is a framework for the Force.com platform that enables developers to build
custom interfaces that can be hosted natively on a lightning platform. It has a tag-based
markup language like HTML.
Each tag is equivalent to a coarse or fine-grained user interface component such as a

page section, a related list, or a field. It has 100 built-in components. The developers can
create their own components using Visualforce.
The attribute showheader is set as "false" to hide the header of a Viusalforce page. To
hide the sidebar, the sidebar is set as "false". These two attributes are a part of the
Visualforce component <apex page>. The attribute has a Boolean value.
Q43. How to perform an AJAX request in Visualforce?

A. This can be done by marking the area of a Visualforce page that demarcates which
components can be used by the Force.com server by using apex:actionRegion when an
AJAX request is generated. Only those components within the body of apex:actionRegion
are processed by the server.
Q44. What is the difference between Standard and Custom Controller?

A. Standard Controllers generate automatically for all standard pages. They contain the
same logic and functionalities that are used for any standard Salesforce page. They can
be used with standard and custom objects.
Custom Controllers override the standard functionality of a standard controller which

appears on a Visualforce page. Apex can be used for writing a custom controller or a
controller extension.
Q45. How can we implement Pagination in Visualforce?

A. Pagination in Salesforce refers to displaying a large number of records that are spread
across multiple pages. The list control displays 20 records per page, hence pagination is
used to change the page size with controller extension.
When we want to customize, a controller extension is used to set the pageSize.

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Q46. How to call a Controller Method within a JavaScript?

A. To call a controller method (Apex function) from JavaScript, you need to use
actionfunction.
Q47. What are the types of Bindings used in Salesforce?

A. There are three types of bindings used in Salesforce as shown below.
1. Data Bindings: It refers to the data set in the controller.
2. Action Bindings: It refers to the action methods in the controller.
3. Component Bindings: It refers to some other Visualforce components.
Q48. Can you write Getter and Setter Methods in Salesforce?

A. Yes, we can use a getter method to return values for a controller. Every value calculated
by a controller and displayed on a page must have a getter method.
On the other hand, the setter method is used for passing user-specified values from page
mark up to the controller. The setter method in a controller is automatically executed,
before any actions.
Q49. What is Lightning Component?

A. The Lightning Component framework is a user interface framework for developing single-
page applications for desktop and mobile devices. It is possible to build Lightning
components with two programming models i.e. Original Aura Component Model and the
Lightning Web Component Model.
It is supportive of partitioned multi-tier component development. It uses JavaScript for

the client-side and Apex for the server-side
Q50. What is a Developer Console?

A. The Developer Console is an integrated development tool that has a collection of tools.
These can be used to create, debug, and test the applications in Salesforce.org.
Q51. What are Packages? What are the types of Packages? What are Managed Packages?
A. A package is a bundle/collection of a list of components or related applications.
There are two types of packages:

Managed
Unmanaged
Managed Packages are used to sell and distribute applications to clients. Developers can
sell user-based licenses and applications through the AppExchange for the managed
packages. These are fully upgradeable. In the case of seamless upgrades, removal of
objects or fields is performed.

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Q52. What are the ways to deploy Metadata in Salesforce?

A. The metadata in Salesforce is deployed in the following ways:
Change Sets
Eclipse with Force.com IDE.
com Migration Tool - ANT/Java-based.
Salesforce Package
Q53. What is Trigger.new?

A. Trigger.new is a context variable to return the new versions of the sObject record. The
sObject list is only available in insert and update triggers and the records can be modified
only before triggers.
Q54. What is an Attribute? What is a reRender Attribute Tag?

A. The properties of a Visualforce component are named as attributes. Each and every
Visualforce component in Salesforce comes with an attribute.
For Example, <apex:Commandlink> is one of the attributes.
The reRender attribute specifies a list of elements that can be dynamically updated using
AJAX library of Salesforce. There is no need for the entire page to refresh. Only a portion
of the page identified by the elements is named in the "rerender" attribute.
Q55. Which tag is used to create a Button? Which tag is used for a URL link? Which is the tag
for Password Protection?
A. The tag <apex: commandbutton> is used for the button.
The tag used for URL Link is <apex: outputLink>.
The tag used for password protection is <apex: inputSecret>.
Q56. What is Obligatory Outer Tag? Which tag is used for displaying a video in the
Visualforce?
A. The tag <apex: page> is the obligatory outer tag. The tag<apex: flash> is used to display a
video in the Visualforce.
Q57. How to display a Chatter Feed Record?

A. <chatter:feed> is the component that is used for the display of chatter feed.
Q58. Explain Exception Catch in a Program.

A. Java has inbuilt exception handling and the normal code goes into the TRY block and the
exception handling code into the CATCH block. Use try & catch block for using the code
with multiple Java exceptions.
Q59. What is an Access Modifier in a Program?

A. Apex uses access modifiers for defining methods and variables. These are private,
protected, global, or public access modifiers.

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Q60. Which operation does not have Undelete?

A. The before operation does not have Undelete.
Q61. What is the use of Blob Variable?

A. Blob is a data type that is meant to collect binary data. Tostring() is a method that
converts the blob back into a string.
Q62. How is a link passed in Visualforce?

A. Link is passed in Visualforce through the hyperlink.
Q63. What is the Purpose of apex:ouputLink?

A. This links to the URL. The body of apex:output link contains an image or text that is
displayed in the link.
Q64. What is Static Resource?

A. Static Resource allows you to upload content to reference on the Visualforce page. The
resources can be archive files such as .zip or .jar files, stylesheets, images, and
JavaScript and other files. The Lightning platform acts as a CDN(Content Distribution
Network) and manages and distributes these files.
Q65. Which tag is used for calling a Controller Name?

A. The tag that is used for calling a controller name is apex: controller.
Q66. What is a User Interface in Salesforce?

A. Set up the user interface in Salesforce for giving the best working experience for the
users. You can modify your org's user interface by enabling and disabling settings.
Q67. What is the use of an Outbound Message?

A. An Outbound message is a part of the workflow and is created for a Workflow rule. It
helps to send information to a specified URL endpoint. Information contained in the fields
is specified during the creation of the outbound message. It sends secure and
configurable API messages to a designated listener.
Q68. What is OAuth?

A. OAuth is an open-standard authorization protocol or framework. It describes how
unrelated services and servers can safely allow authenticated access to their assets. But
there is no need to share related, initial, and single login credentials.
Q69. What is a Connected App?

A. A connected app uses APIs to integrate any application with Salesforce. It uses standard
OAuth and SAML protocols for authentication purposes and provides single sign-on and
tokens for use with Salesforce APIs. It allows the Salesforce admins to set various
security policies and exercise control of who can use the connected apps.

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Q70. What is an API in Salesforce? How can we use it?

A. Salesforce has a set of APls to access data from Force.com or Database.com.
Some of the uses of these APls include:
a) SOAP API: It is one of the well-known APls. It uses SOAP as a wrapper for API
operations. It comprises a bulk of the API traffic lies. As tooling is needed to create,
SOAP messages are mostly used in enterprise settings.
b) REST API: This is ideal when you want to send a message from a client to a server and
send back a response. The REST API enables you to integrate with Force.com
applications by using simple HTTP methods and creating dynamic interfaces. These
methods are in XML or JSON formats. This helps to use the API for developing mobile
applications or external clients.
c) Bulk API: It is an asynchronous API and has the ability to manage large sets of data.
The programmatic access enables you to quickly load data into the Salesforce org. It
cannot be used for a handful of records and is easy to program dynamic API.
d) Streaming: It allows us to create a push topic based on a query and get updates on the
query, as the results keep on changing. It is used when the notifications are to be sent
from the client to the server based on a defined criterion.
Q71. What is the use of External ID Fields?

A. External ID contains unique record identifiers for a system outside Salesforce. It is used
for importing records. It is a custom field that has an external ID attribute. Once this
option is selected, the import wizard detects Salesforce records with the same external
ID.
For Example, While matching accounts in Salesforce with some external accounting
system an external ID enables you to access the unique ID of the accounting system and
not the Salesforce ID.
Q72. Which Platform is used for developing an App in Salesforce?

A. The force.com platform is used for developing an App in Salesforce.
Q73. How to build Salesforce on Mobile Application?

A. Mobile SDK can be used to build Salesforce on the mobile application.
Q74. What are Primitive Data Types?

A. Integer, Double, Long, Date, Date-Time, String, ID, Boolean, etc., are some of the examples
of primitive data types. These are passed by value and not by reference.

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Q75. What does the Data Wrapper Class contain?

A. This contains abstract, structured and collection data.
Q76. Is Return Type a must for a Method?

A. Yes, the return type is a must for a method.
Q77. How long is Bit Variable for a long statement?

A. The long statement has 64-bit.
Q78. What are the development tools for Apex?

A. The development tools for Apex are Force. Com Developer Tools, Force. Com IDE and
Code Editor.
Q79. What is the use of Debug Log?

A. Debug Log is used for catching the exception.
Q80. Can we reference Standard Controller and Controller Attribute at the same time?
A. No, it is not possible to reference both the Standard Controller and the Controller at the
same time. Use the reference attribute to reference the standard controller with a custom
controller.
Q81. What is the Development Mode? When do we enable the Development Mode? How do
we do it?
A. The best way to build Visualforce pages is to enable the development mode. It makes it
easy to simultaneously view the code and output.
The Development Mode helps in:

Define new Visualforce pages by entering a new URL.
Error messages containing detailed stack traces than what is received by the
standard users.
Displays a footer with the page's view state, a link to component reference
documentation, and any associated controller link.
Offers Page Markup Editor for highlighting find-replace functionality as well as auto‐
suggest for attribute names and component tags.
Q82. Why do You write Test Classes?

A. Test classes refer to the maximum lines of code covered when your execution takes
place. If you want to develop a robust and error-free code, then the test classes are used
as a tool for testing your code. It ensures that if any Apex customization has to be
deployed in your org, then it will operate properly.
Every test class will be annotated with @isTestkeyword. In fact, we must annotate a test
class with @isTest, to define it as a test class. If the keyword testMethod is used within
any method within a class, then it is called a test method.

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Q83. What is the Minimum Test Coverage that is required for Deployment?
A. At least 75 % of your Apex code must be covered by unit tests in Salesforce, and all these
tests must be completed successfully.
Q84. What are the different ways of Salesforce Deployment?

A. Salesforce code is deployed with:
Salesforce packages
Change Sets
Com Migration Tools
Eclipse with Force.com IDE
Q85. What programming languages can we use to customise a Salesforce instance?

A. The server side language used to customize Salesforce is called Apex, which has a
syntax similar to Java. On the front end, we have several technologies, the main one
being Lightning Web Components, followed by the older and now more niche Aura
Components and Visualforce - all of which use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in conjunction
with Apex. We can also use Flow, which is a low code language to customize both the
front end and the backend.
Q86. What declarative tools can we use to customize a Salesforce instance?

A. The most basic declarative tool is custom fields and custom objects, which can be
defined declaratively and allow us to customize an instance's database schema. We can
further customize objects through the use of page layouts, and Lightning app pages to
declaratively customize the look and feel of a record's page.
If we wish to create declarative automation, we should be using Flow, While Process

Builder and Workflow Rules exist, these are being deprecated by Salesforce so
declarative automation should be created via Flow instead.
Q87. When would we choose programmatic development over declarative?

A. Declarative tools excel when rapid development is required as, due to their nature, they
allow rapid iteration and usually have shorter build times. In scenarios where the
business logic required is relatively straightforward, with very few •gotchas", it usually
makes sense to take advantage of declarative tools with faster build time, which can
translate to a cheaper build.
We would choose programmatic development when the requirements become more

complex, such as in very specialized business processes that don't lend themselves to
Flows, etc. Other scenarios are where the performance or user interface is of paramount
importance.
One of the main advantages of running a coded solution is that performance will exceed
that of a declarative solution due to the ability to use more specialized logic and remove

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overheads. This also applies to user interfaces as using a coded solution allows us to
fully customize it to our requirements, whereas using declarative tools means we are
stuck with what comes out of the box - which may not provide the desired outcome.
Q88. What Salesforce supported development tools are there?

A. The main Salesforce-supported development tool is the Salesforce Extensions for VS
Code which utilizes the Salesforce Command Line Interface.
Q89. What is a global Apex class?

A. A global Apex class is an Apex class which has been declared with the global access
modifier. This means that the class is visible and usable by any Apex code running in any
namespace. Global Apex class should rarely be used and only implemented when
explicitly necessary, e.g. within managed packages or for Apex REST web services.
Q90. How can we debug our Apex code?

A. When Apex code runs, we can generate debug logs for the executed code. These logs
provide an insight into what happened during execution, and any exceptions that were
thrown, and also provide the details of anything passed into a System.debug() method
call.
If we increase the logging levels sufficiently, we can also use the Apex Replay Debugger,
which allows us to use VS Code to step through the code execution examine it in more
detail, and set checkpoints and breakpoints for a more in-depth debugging experience.
Q91. How can we secure credentials used for outbound integrations?

A. Depending on the type of credentials, we have a few options. The most preferred is
Named Credentials which specify the base endpoint and the authentication credentials.
These are preferred since Salesforce then handles the authentication for us and keeps
the credentials away from prying eyes.
Alternatively, if named credentials are not suitable, we could choose to store the
credentials in a Custom Metadata type, which will allow different credentials to be used
across different environments and we can secure the permissions to access the
metadata type. We should never be hard-coding the credentials for integrations within
our code as this is very insecure.
Q92. What is the difference between Lightning Web Components and Aura components?
A. Lightning Web Components is built using current web standards to build custom HTML
elements, through the use of Web Components - designed to run in a lightweight and
performant manner. Aura components are the legacy Lightning Component framework,
but still utilize JavaScript and HTML for development.

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Q93. Why would we use Lightning Web Components over Aura components and vice versa?
A. Ideally, we should always be using Lightning Web Components for any new
developments, due to their easier development and better performance. We should avoid
using Aura components unless we wish to use a piece of functionality that is not yet
supported in LWCs, in this case, we should wrap an LWC inside of an Aura component.
Q94. Where can we use Lightning Components?

A. Lightning components can be deployed in a large number of places across an org. These
can be ad min decided ones or added by developers. These include:
The Utility Bar
Outlook and Gmail integrations
Flows
Visualforce pages
External web pages
Pre-chat snap-ins
Quick Actions
Q95. What is SLDS?
A. The Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) is the user interface design framework
used by Salesforce for designing, styling, and building all aspects of Salesforce Lightning.
As developers, we can utilize the SLDS-provided CSS styles or component markup

templates to build custom components that provide a consistent UI with the rest of the
platform.SLDS also provides guidelines around accessibility, language guidance, and
icons.
Q96. When should we bypass sharing and FLS within our code?
A. We should only bypass these when we are running system-level processes. If we do need
to bypass them for user operations, we should be ensuring there is no chance data or
actions that are unintended can be performed.
This could be by migrating the specific actions that require bypassing to separate
classes and performing the rest of our logic with sharing and FLS enforced. We should
only ever be bypassing it for specifications, not an entire set of business logic.
Q97. How can we secure dynamic SOQL?

A. When we are performing dynamic SOQL which takes an input from a user, we must
sanitize the user input. We do this by making sure all single quotes are escaped before
performing the query. Alternatively, wherever possible, we want to use bind variables,
even with our dynamic SOQL.

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Q98. What are Custom Metadata Types and why would we use them?
A. Custom Metadata Types are developer-designed pieces of metadata that facilitate the
designing and building of customizable applications within a Salesforce instance. This is
done by first designing the metadata type, which is similar to a custom object, and then
by creating records of that type to define the required behavior, by being read at run time.
This could be anything from defining a field mappings table between two objects to
storing secrets for an API integration.
Q99. What is dynamic Apex?

A. Dynamic Apex ) is a technique in which we make our code more flexible by accessing
sObjects and fields dynamically, rather than declaratively, within our code. This is mainly
done through the use of sObject tokens and describes to dynamically access and set
sobject field values within our code. This can be used in conjunction with dynamic SOQL
to dynamically build queries based on runtime context, rather than design time.
Q100. What is laas?

A. IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a service: A cloud service provider owns and manages
the hardware upon which your software stack runs. That includes servers, networking,
and storage. This can be a great cost-reduction strategy if you’d like to avoid purchasing
and maintaining infrastructure.
In this type of service, you will get a Virtual System that can be connected using the
internet. Where you can install any Software even in some service providers you can
install the operating system.
Q101. What is Saas?

A. SaaS stands for Software as a service: It offers the most support and is the simplest of
all delivery models for the end user. Chances are that you already use it in your
organization. This is the highest level of service in which everything is provided from
hardware to software to already built applications.
Q102. How many ways we have in Salesforce for Sharing?

A. There are 20+ ways to share record access in Salesforce.
1. Profile/ Permission set Object level CRED access
2. View All and Modify All permission on the profile or permission set
3. Profile level System Permission
4. Organization-Wide Default
5. Record Ownership
6. Role Hierarchy
7. Case Team, Account Team and Opportunity Team
8. Queues
9. Sharing Rules
10. Groups
11. Territory Management

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12. Sharing Sets

13. Sharing Groups
14. Super User Access
15. Manual Sharing
16. Apex Sharing
17. Visualforce with Apex
18. Implicit Sharing
19. Master-Detail Relationship
20. External Account Hierarchy
Q103. How do we do Manual Sharing?

A. The Manual sharing button allows users to share records with others with one button
click. Sometimes we encounter a scenario where individual users want to share their
records with another colleague (user). In that case, manual sharing is the best option.
Q104. When to use Salesforce Flow and Apex?

A. Try not to mix Apex, Process Builders, Workflow Rules, and Record-Triggered flows. In
general, you should choose one automation tool per object.
Salesforce Flow Apex
separate DML activity and offload it

let declarative tools handle non-
to Apex
DML activities like email alerts
and in-app alerts
Q105. Best practices for Salesforce Flow?

A. 1. Always! Plan Before You Build
2. “One Record-Triggered Flow” Per Object — Per Type
3. No DML Statement in Loops
4. Use the AdvancedTechnique to Merge Decision Node
5. Build Reusable Flow(s) — Subflow(s)
6. Don’t Create Flow for Everything
7. Build in a test/sandbox environment
8. Supercharge Flow with Invocable Apex
9. Don’t HardcodeIDs, Query for them
10. Dont mix Trigger, Process Builder Flow, and Record Trigger Flow
11. Exception handling in flow using Platform Events
12. Use Debug Log to Check Why a Flow Fails at Runtime

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Q106. What are Apex Best practicesin Salesforce?

A. Apex code is used to write custom and robust business logic. As with any language,
there are key coding principles and best practices that will help you write efficient,
scalable code.
1. Bulkify Apex Code
2. Avoid SOQL & DML inside for Loop
3. Querying Large Data Sets
4. Use of Map of Sobject
5. Use of the Limits Apex Methods
6. Avoid HardcodingIDs
7. Use Database Methods while doing DML operation
8. Exception Handling in Apex Code
9. Write One Trigger per Object per event
10. Use Asynchronous Apex
Q107. What is a Batch job in Salesforce?

A. The batch class is used to process millions of records with normal processing limits.
With Batch Apex, we can process records asynchronously to stay within platform limits.
If you have a lot of records t‹ process, for example, data cleansing or archiving, Batch
Apex is probably your best solution. In Batch Apex each transaction starts with a new set
of governor limits, making it easier to ensure that your code stays within the governor
execution limits.
Q108. What is mixed DML?

A. A Mixed DML operation error occurs when you try to persist in the same transaction and
change to a Setup Object and a non-Setup Object. For example, if you try to update an
Account record and a User record at the same time.
Q109. What is Lightning Data Service?

A. Use Lightning Data Service to load, create, edit, or delete a record in your component
without requiring Apex code Lightning Data Service handles sharing rules and field-level
security for you. In addition to simplifying access to Salesforce data, Lightning Data
Service improves performance and user interface consistency.
Q110. What is lazy loading in LWC?

A. Lazy loading is an optimization technique to load the content on demand. Instead of
loading the entire data and rendering it to the user in one go as in bulk loading, the
concept of lazy loading assists in loading only the required section and delays the
remaining until it is needed by the user.

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Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

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SALESFORCE

Phone/Whatsapp: +1 (515) 309-7846 (USA)

Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

Q2. What is a Custom Object in Salesforce?

Q3. What is the difference between isNull and isBlank?

Q4. How does Salesforce deploy Sales Tracking?

Q6. What is the difference between Role and Profile in Salesforce?

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Q7. What are the Permission Sets?

The differences between SOQL and SOSL are given below.

Q9. What are Governor Limits? Give three examples.

This way the developer is forced to write efficient, scalable code.

Here are some examples of Governor Limits:

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There are two types of workflow in Salesforce:

Q11. What is Object Relationship in Salesforce? What are Salesforce Relations?

The object relations in Salesforce include:

Q12. What is Force.com Platform?

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Q14. What is Junction Object? What is it used for?

Q15. What is an Audit Trail?

Q16. What is a Dashboard in Salesforce?

There are four types of Salesforce Sandboxes as shown below:

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Q19. What are Bucket Fields in Salesforce?

Q21. What is Data Skew in Salesforce?

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functionalities such as creating a record, posting to Chatter, launching a flow, submitting

Q23. What are Sharing Rules?

The different types of Custom Settings in Salesforce include:

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Q27. What is a Wrapper Class in Salesforce?

Q28. What is the difference between WholD and WhatlD?

Q29. What is Apex?

Q30. What are Maps in Apex?

Syntax: Map<String, String> country_city = new Map<String, String>();

Q31. What is an Apex Transaction?

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Q32. Is it possible to edit Apex Class/Trigger in the Production Environment?

Q33. What are the ways to call an Apex Class in Salesforce?

Q36. What is Apex Test Coverage?

Q37. What is Apex Email Service?

Each of these email services is associated with a Salesforce-generated email address, to

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Q38. What are the methods of Batch Apex Class?

A set is a collection of unordered elements of primitives or sObjects. No element can be

Q40. What is Apex Trigger? What is the Syntax of Trigger in Salesforce?

There are two different types of trigger in Salesforce as shown below:

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Q41. What is Asynchronous Apex? What are its different types?

Each tag is equivalent to a coarse or fine-grained user interface component such as a

Q43. How to perform an AJAX request in Visualforce?

Q44. What is the difference between Standard and Custom Controller?

Custom Controllers override the standard functionality of a standard controller which

Q45. How can we implement Pagination in Visualforce?

When we want to customize, a controller extension is used to set the pageSize.

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Q46. How to call a Controller Method within a JavaScript?

Q47. What are the types of Bindings used in Salesforce?

Q48. Can you write Getter and Setter Methods in Salesforce?

Q49. What is Lightning Component?

It is supportive of partitioned multi-tier component development. It uses JavaScript for

Q50. What is a Developer Console?

There are two types of packages: